ITALIAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT FUNDING - General manager ASSTRA - Emanuele Proia Paris, 16 June 2016 - Ferpress
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ITALIAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT
FUNDING
General manager ASSTRA – Emanuele Proia
Paris, 16 June 2016
1
PT AT A GLANCE (2014)
about 1,013 companies
about 50,000 vehicles
5.3 billion passengers (Boardings)
110,000 employees
Source: ASSTRA, Conto Nazionale Trasporti 2013-2014
2
Motorisation
Number of passenger cars per 1000 inhabitants
In Italy, the private car has an important impact on the mobility. Italy is the
third country with the highest motorisation levels globally, following
Luxembourg and the United States.
Change Change
Country 1990 2012 2013
1990/2013 2012/2013
France 476 504 505 6% 0%
Germany 461 539 543 18% 1%
Italy 483 621 608 26% -2%
Spain 309 476 474 53% 0%
United Kingdom 361 464 468 30% 1%
EU-28 343 488 491 43% 1%
Source: EU – transport in figure – statistical pocket book 2015 pag 47
3
Modal split of Passenger Transport (pkm as %; 2013)
Despite the high motorisation level Italy has, together with Spain, the
higher total public transport share, accounting for around 21,3%.
Passenger Metro and
Auto privata Bus MetroTram
e tram Ferrovie
Railway
car
83,9% 84,4% 84,6%
79,6% 81,7%
79,7%
Total Total
Total Total Total Total
Public Public
Public Public Public Public
Transport Transport
Transport Transport Transport Transport
15,6 21,3
16,1 21,4 15,4 19,3
13,2% 13,0%
9,1% 8,4% 8,2% 9,2% 7,4%
5,4% 5,7% 6,3% 6,0% 5,6%
1,6% 1,6% 0,9% 1,4% 1,6% 1,7%
France
Francia Germany
Germania Italy
Italia Spain
Spagna Regno Unito
United EU-28
Source: EU – transport in figure – statistical pocket book 2015 pag 47 Kingdom
4
Average age of buses
Countries 2014
France 7,9
Germany 6,9
Italy 12,2
Spain 8
United Kingdom 7,7
Evolution of average age of buses (2002-2014; years)
In Italy, the average age of buses is approximately 12 years. A comparison with some large European
countries shows that there is a big gap.
Source France: UTP –Le Parc des Vehicules – Edition 2014 pag. 5
Germany: elaboration on ANFIA data. In Germany over 60% of the fleet are 9 years old
Italy: ASSTRA elaboration on CED data (Ministery of Transport)
Spain: elaboration on OBSERVATORIO MOVILIDAD METROPOLITANA data· Informe 2013 pag 38 5
United Kingdom: elaboration on UK Government data- Department of transport – Transport statistics Great Britain Annual bus statistics pag 2
Buses Fleet
Buses by level emission (2014; %)
EURO V
ELETRIC 24%
1%
EURO VI
1% EURO II EURO I
Buses pre Euro III 25% 3%
EURO IV
33%
6% EURO 0
5%
EURO III
27%
Source : ASSTRA elaboration on CED data
6
Funding stream
The Italian case
Operating funding Capital funding
Tax Public Directly
Public compensation concessions Directly generated resources compensation generated
resources
Fuel taxes
Regional
Local taxes Fares Parking Advertising
Vehicle Fiscal
taxes rental system
State State
National Fund
Regions Regions
Municipalities
Agencies
Public service contract
PT Operators 7Funding for Operating costs
Before 2013 From 2013
In 2013 a new source funding
was established for operating
Financing sources Legislative framework expenses: National Fund
Budgetary Plan2013 Transportation
Public Transport
Art.21, c. 3, L. n. 98/2011 e art. 30, c.3, D.L. 201/2011
Fund
Excise
Art.1, c. 296, L. n. 244/2007 – excise on diesel
on Others
Budgetary Plan 2008 gasoline
Art.1, c. 298, L. n. 244/2007 – excise on diesel Excise
on
diesel
Law n.549/1995 Art.3, c. 12, L. n. 549/1995 – excise on gasoline
National Fund
Transportation
8Funding for Operating costs
National Transportation Fund (resources in milion)
€4.929,25 €4.918,62 €4.925,25 €4.850,78
2013 2014 2015 2016 9Funding for Operating costs:
Criteria for Regional Allocation of National Transportation Fund
Gradual reduction of services in excess
30%
and increase in quality and quantity of
high-demand services
Gradual increase of ratio fare revenue
90% 10% operating costs
60%
Resources according Definition of appropriate employment
historical percentages level
10%
Resources subjected to
the achievement of the
objectives
From the year 2015 the percentage distributed on the basis of the achievement
of the objectives is increased, every two years, by two percentage points,
resulting in a reduction of the quota originally foreseen the extent of 90% of the
fund (Art. 2 DPCM 11 marzo 2013). 10Funding for Operating costs
6,791
6,773
Million €
Million €
1,862 1,848
(27.4%) (27.2%)
Additional resources
FNT
4,929 4,925
(72.6%) (72.5%)
2013 2014
11Directly generated resources
Fares
The reduction of public transfers was followed from a general trend of the
regions and local authorities to revise and increase in ticket prices
Urban Fare Trends ( 2002- February 2014 ; Index 2002=100)
180
170 Biglietto a tempo
Single ticket Abbonamento
Annual pass mensile Tariffa
Averagemedia 167
164
160
150 148 151
148
140 137
136
127 128 136
130 130 132
123
121 123
118 122 124
120 119 119
114 114 115 122
117
113 113115 117 117 117
110 115
109111 111
100 103
100
90
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
12
[Source: ASSTRA elaboration]SINGLE TICKET
(Fares - October 2015, €)
In any case the Italian fares are the lowest in Europe
UNITED
KINGDOM
3,2€
GERMANY AVERAGE 2,8€ 3,2
3,1
2,8
2,7 2,7
SPAIN AVERAGE
1,7€
FRANCE
2,15
AVERAGE
1,8€
1,8 1,8
ITALY AVERAGE
1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5€
1,5 1,5
Berlin
Berlino Hamburg Colonia
Amburgo Cologne Monaco
Munich Paris
Parigi Lion
Lione Madrid Barcellona
Madrid Barcelona Valencia
Valencia Londra
London Rome
Roma Milan
Milano Naples
Napoli Turin
Torino
13
Source: ASSTRA data processing on PT operator websitesMONTHLY PASS
(Fares - October 2015, €)
UNITED KINGDOM
173,0€
173,0
GERMANY AVERAGE 76,9€ FRANCE
AVERAGE
90,2 68,3€
84
79,5 SPAIN AVERAGE
70 52,7€
ITALY AVERAGE
60,4
51,6 54,60 52,75 36,6€
45,00 42
35 35 38
Berlino
Berlin Amburgo
Hamburg Colonia
Cologne Monaco
Munich Parigi
Paris Lione
Lion Madrid
Madrid Barcellona
Barcelona Valencia
Valencia Londra
London Roma
Rome Milano
Milan Napoli
Naples Torino
Turin
Source: ASSTRA data processing on PT operator websites
14ANNUAL PASS
(Fares – October 2015, €)
UNITED
KINGDOM
1.801€
1.801
GERMANY FRANCE
AVERAGE AVERAGE SPAIN
668,8€ 721,6€ 546€
740 728
690
546
489 ITALY AVERAGE
283,5€
330 310
294
250
Berlin
Berlino Munich
Monaco Paris
Parigi Lion
Lione Madrid
Madrid London
Londra Rome
Roma Milan
Milano Naples
Napoli Torino
Turin
Source: ASSTRA data processing on PT operator websites
15Capital investment for renew public transport fleet
(1997-2022; Milion, €)
In the last years, in Italy, the LPT sector has witnessed an overall decline in resources for
investment for renew fleet, moreover, between 2012-2016, the resources was cut of
about 700 milion € and used by the regions to the achievement of fiscal targets.
2.314
300
1.210 398
790
278 352
1997-2001 2002-2006 2007-2011 2012-2016 2017-2022
Source : ASSTRA elaboration
16A plan for renew buses fleet
15
13,6 13,8 Trend scenario (8-year plan)
14
13,1 13,2 Investments allocated with actual resources
12,5 12,7
13 12,4
12,2
12 11,5 11,7
Average age
11
10,5
9,9 Goal scenario (8-year plan)
10 9,3
Total investment:920 million euro per year;
8,6
9
8,0 4,200 buses per year to buy
8 7,6 Total public resources: 552 million per year
European average age 7,1
7
Goal scenario Trend scenario
6
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Source: ASSTRA elaboration on CED (MIT) data
Trend scenario. Number stable fleet over the years; resources already allocated with actual
resources and they expense for 50% for the renewal of the bus fleet.
Goal scenario. For each year occur 4,200 registrations and contextual scrapping; the financial
sources needed for the plan are approximately 9.2 billion euro (60% public co-financing).
17Capital investment for Public Transport infrastructures
In the last Economic and Finance Document (2016) resources are been
allocated for various metropolitan and tranway infrastructures
•Interconnection Rebaudengo – Turin railway link
•Turin underground
•Milan – Monza Underground M5
TOTAL COST: 12.141 € MILLION •Milan Line M4 Lorenteggio Linate
TOTAL RESOURCES: 10.374 € MILLION •Rome Underground Line C
% COVERAGE : 85% •Naples – Line 6
PERIOD WORKS: 2016-2020 •Naples - Line 1
•Circumetna (Catania)
•Palermo
•Tramway of Florence
•Light rail/Underground Bologna
18News in the Public transport sector
Standard Cost
The Italian Ministry of Transport will use a formula for determining standard costs
and allocate resources (operating and capital) according to them.
System ante standard System post standard
cost cost
Operating Capital Standard cost = operating cost + capital cost + suitable cost
resources resources
Compensation Compensation
Operating Capital
by service for capital
resources resources
contract investment
19News in the Public transport sector
Standard Cost Model
Model for
Regression
industrial
Model
processes
Underground
Bus services
services
Railway Tramway
services services
The standard costs don’t apply to the following public transport services: trolleybuses, cable
car, funicular, waterborne transport; for regional rail service infrastructure costs are
excluded.
20News in the Public transport sector
Art.23 Decreto Madia - National Transportation Fund
According with the new law (art.23 Decreto Madia) the rules for the allocation of
National Fund resources will change.
55% 50%
60% Resources according historical
70%
80% percentages
Resources according Standard
20% costs
20%
20% Resources according increase
15% fare revenues
10% 25% 30%
15% 20%
10%
FIRST YEAR SECOND YEAR THIRD YEAR FOURTH YEAR FIFTH YEAR AND
OVER
21News in the Public transport sector
Funding System
Funding Architecture in 2016
• It prepares program to allocate resources to the
Funding architecture from
regions; 2017
STATE • It Approves regional investment plans;
• It provides funding to the regions; STATE
• It defines the criteria for allocating among the
regions.
• They define regional renewal plans and level of
co-financing;
REGIONS
REGIONS • They give resources to the companies / provinces
/ municipalities.
OPERATORS MUNICIPALITIES
They buy transport fleet after public
OPERATORS MUNICIPALITIES
competition
CENTRAL MARKET
OPERATORS Art. 1 c.866
Legge di stabilità 2016
BUS MANUFACTURER
BUS MANUFACTURER
22THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
proia@asstra.it
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