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Innovative prevention
The five alternative medicine
systems from India
I for India
How self-reliance is the fast-
track to economic revival
Eating right
Volume 34 | Issue 03 | 2020 Understanding the traditional
concepts behind seasonal cuisine
India salutes
ITS Corona Warriors
Country pays tribute to those at the frontline of the war against COVID-19
potpourri
Potpourri
Events of the
season
30/31
july, 2020
eid al adha
One of the biggest festivals of the Islamic calender, Eid Al Adha
is celebrated by the Muslim community across the country.
The holy festival of sacrifice, that falls on the 10th day of the
Dhu al-Hijjah as per the Islamic lunar calendar, is observed by
15
offering prayers and distributing celebratory meals and delicious
sweets to friends, family and the needy as a mark of humility and
sacrifice as per God’s command.
Where: Across India
August, 2020
3 august, 2020
Raksha Bandhan
Celebrated on a full moon day, the ancient Hindu festival of Raksha
Bandhan or Rakhi is observed to mark the special bond between a brother
and sister. The festival, celebrated across Indian and Nepal has vibrant,
regional variations but signifies a brother’s pledge to protect his sister(s),
which is solidified by latter tying a sacred and ceremonious thread on the
former’s wrist in exchange for gifts and sweets.
WHERE: Across India
Independence day
The culmination of India’s freedom struggle was
achieved with Independence on August 15, 1947.
Each year on this day, the entire country revels in
the sacrifice of freedom fighters who laid down their
lives in the effort to obtain liberation. The festival
is marked by the Prime Minister’s address from the
ramparts of the Red Fort in New Delhi, India’s capital.
Where: Across India
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 2 |
17 august, 2020
parsi new year
22 August, 2020
ganesh chaturthi
Also called as Pateti, the Parsi or Zoroastrian New Ganesh Chaturthi is one of the largest celebrations of
Year is celebrated with pomp and fervour, especially the birth Lord Ganesha, a revered deity across India. Clay
in around Mumbai. To mark new beginnings, idols, decorated with flowers are carried in vibrant and
houses are beautifully decorated with flowers and jovial stately processions before being ceremoniously
paintings, delicacies are distributed and prayers are immersed in rivers, sacred lakes or the sea. Thousands
ceremoniously offered across fire temples. flock to bid adieu to the elephant-faced god across all
WHERE: Mumbai, Maharashtra major cities in India.
Where: Across North and South India
22
August - 2 September, 2020
Onam
The biggest harvest festival of the state of
Kerela, Onam marks the celebratory return of
the mythical king, Mahabali. Celebrated for
10-days, the festival is known for flower carpets
called Pookkalam, traditional snake boat races
called Vallam Kali, and scrumptious feasts
called Sadhya. Particular highlights include the
iconic Nehru Trophy Boat Race ( Vallam Kali)
and stately processions of elephants decorated
with flowers and ornaments, in honour of King
Mahabali’s annual return.
WHERE: Across Kerela
| 3 |
66
Volume 34 | Issue 03 | 2020
Editor: Anurag Srivastava
Assistant Editor: Rajat Bhatnagar
Ministry of External Affairs
Room No. 152, ‘A’ Wing, Shastri Bhavan,
New Delhi - 110001, India
Tel.: +91.11.23388949, 23381719
Fax.: +91.11.23384663
For feedback: osdpd2@mea.gov.in
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contents
India Perspectives is published in Arabic, Partnership Music
Bahasa Indonesia, English, French, German, 50 Playing through the
Hindi, Italian, Pashto, Persian, Portuguese, 06 A brand new normal
Russian, Sinhala, Spanish, Tamil, Chinese pandemic
and Japanese. 12 Welcome back!
The digital India Perspectives is published by Anurag
Economy Wellness
Srivastava, Joint Secretary (XP) and Official Spokesperson,
Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Room No. 152, ‘A’ Wing, 56 Mind over matter
Shastri Bhavan, New Delhi - 110001, India. It is published 18 Turning the tables
on behalf of the MEA by Maxposure Media Group India Pvt. Personality
Ltd. (MMGIPL), #TheAddress, Plot No 62, Okhla Phase-3,
Progress
New Delhi-110020, India. The digital India Perspectives
is published six times a year. All rights reserved. The
62 The legacy of a trailblazer
writing, artwork and/or photography contained herein 24 Pause for effect 66 Larger than life
may be used or reproduced with an acknowledgement to
India Perspectives. MEA and MMGIPL does not assume
responsibility for loss or damage of unsolicited products,
Culture and lifestyle Snapshots
manuscripts, photographs, artwork, transparencies or
other materials. The views expressed in the magazine are 32 The natural doctrine 70 The battle for humanity
not necessarily those of the MEA or MMGIPL.
Yoga Success
Follow us on: 38 A healthy resolution 80 The much needed check-in
http://www.facebook.com/MEA
http://www.twitter.com/MEA Cuisine Progress
http://www.youtube.com/MEA
44 The Cool(ing) meal 86 Of, by and for the people
Foreword
As we deal with the unprecedented challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, our response to this situation has
been marked not only by our strong determination and resolve but also by looking for creative and innovative
ways of doing things.
With this Issue of the India Perspectives magazine, we bring to you the recent developments on the diplomatic
front that have enabled not just India, but countries across the world to adopt new ways of conducting
leaders’ meetings and global summits. We look at Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recently concluded virtual
summit with Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison that bring out how India has embraced new methods
to continue the momentum of diplomatic engagements.
We then analyse how the Vande Bharat Mission has brought thousands of Indians safely back to their homeland
in a mammoth effort through air, land and sea routes. We also travel across the country to understand how
the nationwide lockdown to curb the spread of COVID-19 allowed nature to heal and thrive with minimal
human interactions and significantly lower levels of pollution.
We further look at how PM Modi’s vision is being realised through pioneering reforms and policies aimed
towards reviving the economy post-COVID-19 and setting it on a higher growth trajectory. We then revisit
the traditional systems of medicine like Ayurveda, Naturopathy, Siddha etc to understand their approach
and their emergence as effective systems of alternative medicine to fight the Novel Coronavirus by boosting
immunity.
Indian cuisine has traditionally been centred around a balanced diet as per seasonal variations. We explore
the age-old recipes made up of everyday ingredients to beat the summer heat. We also present to you simple
and traditional ways to make healthier culinary choices in contemporary times.
We partake in several concerts and conventions that have embraced the digital approach in these times to
connect to a large audience and helping them overcoming boredom while spreading the message of peace
and hope through melodies.
For our photo feature section, we journey across the country in awe of the valiant efforts of Indian frontline
warriors and pay homage to their exemplary service to fight COVID-19. We also look at how the hospitality
industry has reinvented itself and joined the fight against pandemic by aiding government efforts to contain
the contagious disease.
Finally, we look at the changes made to the selection process of the Padma Awards in recent years through
a participative exercise to make it a more inclusive process which is bringing recognition and laurels to
unsung heroes who have, through their deeds, dedicated themselves towards the
betterment of society. We also pay our tribute to legendary personalities of Indian
cinema and their contributions that will continue to reverberate across the celluloid
for decades to come.
INNO
VA
The fiv TIVE PR
Happy reading! Volum
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| Issue
03 | 2020
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Anurag Srivastava t COV
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| 5 |
Partnership
a brand new
Normal
Following the global pandemic of Novel Coronavirus, India has been at the forefront
of digital conferences both within and outside the country. Under the leadership of
Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the country is leading and adapting to the new way of
reaching out to people, turning the adversity into an opportunity
BY Akshat Jain
A
s the world changes information is constant, regardless of
rapidly around us, the time zones and lockdowns enforced
diplomacy at the highest by countries to fight the Novel
end and the way it is Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.
conducted is evolving as Ensuring swift, effective and
well. Events are unfolding around the sustained channels of communication
world every minute and the flow of becomes even more critical in the
Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi (C), External Affairs Minister of India Dr S Jaishankar (far left) and National Security Advisor Ajit Doval (far right) at the India-Australia
Leaders’ Virtual Summit in New Delhi on June 04
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 6 |
The ambassadors and
high commissioners of
Democratic People’s
Republic of Korea,
Senegal, Trinidad and
Tobago, Mauritius,
Australia, Cote d’Ivoire
and Rwanda present
their credentials to the
President of India, Ram
Nath Kovind, through
video conference
world of global diplomacy, especially diplomatic outreach becoming more
during times like these. important than ever at this point,
As countries around the world virtual meetings and online summits
continue being in lockdowns and have emerged as the new tool for
social distancing becoming the new communication.
norm, diplomatic visits too have come
to a halt. But diplomacy hasn’t. Under Virtual diplomacy, real
the aegis of Prime Minister Narendra results
Modi, India is turning this adversity In the last two months, the Indian
into an opportunity, by conducting government has led and been part
routine diplomatic engagements of multiple virtual conferences and
online and reaching out to nations and summits during these tough times.
leaders, particularly as the situation India took the lead in getting South
demands better coordination among Asian leaders to meet through a video
world leaders to work out an effective conference to explore cooperation
global response to the unprecedented in combating the corona crisis
spread of the pandemic. With positive and galvanise SAARC (South Asian
India, with the right blend of the physical and the virtual
can emerge as the global nerve centre of complex modern
multinational supply chains in the post COVID-19 world. Let
us rise to that occasion and seize this opportunity.
Narendra Modi
Prime Minister of India
| 7 |
Partnership
Safe & secure Association for Regional Cooperation) global pandemic of COVID-19.
As a secure and safe member nations into action. New Delhi On June 04, PM Modi held
option to various
video conferencing also pressed for a G20 video meeting the first-ever bilateral ‘virtual
apps, the National which was convened on March 26. summit’ when he met his Australian
Informatics Centre Since then the UNSC, EU and NATO counterpart Scott Morrison through
(NIC), Government have all adapted and connected video conference, making it their
of India, has
through video conferencing. fourth meeting in the last eighteen
launched an
application named On May 4, PM Modi took part in months.
“Vidyo” where all the Non-Aligned Movement’s (NAM) India and Australia announced
recorded videos online summit, along with 30 other that they shall be raising their
of conferences heads of states and governments, diplomatic relations further by
are saved on
the President of the United Nations elevating the bilateral Strategic
government servers
and can be accessed and the Director-General of the Partnership concluded in 2009,
only by authorised World Health Organisation (WHO). to a Comprehensive Strategic
personnel. Most of In his first address to the grouping Partnership (CSP) and promoting
the Union ministries since assuming office in 2014, PM “2+2” engagements at the defence and
are already using
this app which has
Modi reiterated the importance of foreign ministry level. Apart from this,
close to 80,000 reforms aimed towards inclusive there were a host of other declarations
downloads across global engagements and the need and MOUs being agreed upon for
mobile platforms for a united front against the infrastructure, water management,
and 140,000
downloads for the
desktop version as
of June 2020.
PM Modi
participating
in the G20
Virtual Summit
to discuss the
global response
to COVID-19 on
March 26
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 8 |
supply chain management, cyberspace to ensure harmony and prosperity in Prime Minister of India
Narendra Modi virtually
and agriculture. A new joint fund was the region. addressing the 25th
also set up which would enable Indian Not just the Prime Minister, Foundation Day of the
Rajiv Gandhi University
and Australian researchers to develop India’s External Affairs Minister, Dr of Health Sciences at
an antiviral drug for COVID-19. S Jaishankar also participated in a Bengaluru
Another important aspect of virtual foreign ministers’ meeting for
the meeting was the arrangement BRICS and a virtual meeting of SCO
for increased Maritime Security (Shanghai Cooperation Organisation)
coordination between the two foreign ministers through a video
countries. PM Modi stressed on conference.
the importance of the Indo-Pacific The fourth edition of the India-
region’s security as a worldwide Africa summit, which was to be held in
concern with PM Morrison India this September, is also now likely
acknowledging a growing role for India to be held virtually.
Not only on the global platform, the use of video conferences
has been a tool that has been used extensively by the Indian
government on the domestic front as well
| 9 |
Partnership
New Delhi is also planning to hold the abroad as well as with other
foreign ministers across the
first-ever bilateral virtual summit globe. The EAM has held
between PM Modi and his Australian detailed virtual discussions with
counterpart Scott Morrison his counterparts from several
countries. He recently held
talks with his South Korean
counterpart Kang Kyung-wha
Apart from high-level diplomatic and with the foreign minister of the
engagements, communication with United Kingdom, Dominic Raab.
Indian missions across the world is
also being conducted through digital The digital era
means. The MEA has been regularly Of course with virtual conferences
engaging with Indian ambassadors a new set of challenges will come in
in various regions and sub-regions in place for the leaders around the world.
recent days. On April 23, 2020, EAM Dr For example, face-to-face meetings,
S Jaishankar tweeted “The changing gaining trust of the other side and
world of corona era diplomacy. Strong reading between the lines are some
friendships thrive even virtually”, of the key components of diplomacy
referring to his regular virtual which will be replaced with video
conversations with Indian ambassadors conferencing.
Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi with the Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison at the India-Australia Leaders’ Virtual Summit, in New Delhi on June 04
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 10 |Left to right: External But despite this, the benefits of The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)
Affairs Minister of India
Dr S Jaishankar and the virtual diplomacy far outweigh has set out detailed instructions for
Secretary (East) Vijay its costs. As economies shrink and citizens using various conferencing
Thakur Singh(right) hold
a virtual meeting with the world battles with recession and apps and about the challenges of data
the Minister of Foreign austerity, virtual conferences and security as well as standard operating
Affairs of the Republic of
Korea, Kang, Kyung-wha summits are going to be not only practices.
time efficient but also a cost efficient In the current volatile situation,
The Union Minister for
Health & Family Welfare, way of diplomacy. international virtual summits and
Science & Technology In order to develop a conferences have successfully bridged
and Earth Sciences, Dr
Harsh Vardhan attends comprehensive video conferencing the communication gap between the
a virtual meeting of the
Non-Aligned Movement
solution for India and to push the countries.
(NAM) Health Ministers Digital India reforms, the government For the foreseeable future, as
launched an innovation challenge nations around the globe struggle
last month. According to the National with the unprecedented challenge
Policy on Software Products, this of the COVID-19 pandemic and
innovation is aimed at developing an worldwide travel restrictions continue
Indian tool for video conferencing to to be in place, it may be necessary for
enhance local expertise. diplomacy to be conducted largely
Applications were received till April through virtual means, and this may
30 and the winner firm will receive a become the new way of diplomacy
contract for the product to be used by going forward.
the Government of India for a period
of four years.
As India takes to the virtual space
to conduct business, the government
is taking strong cyber security Akshat Jain is a writer, columnist, novelist,
blogger, and a research scholar at IIT Delhi.
measures not only when it comes to He has authored books, numerous articles and
white papers on different ideas and genres. His
official government and public sector most recent book - My Illusion my Mistake has been dedicated
dealings but also for private citizens. to the forty families of Pulwama attack.
| 11 |Partnership
Welcome back!
Even as the country battled to tackle the spread of COVID-19, the government of
India was busy planning the Vande Bharat mission, one of the biggest repatriation
exercises the world has ever seen, during the ongoing pandemic. On May 7, the first
phase of the exercise was flagged off from Abu Dhabi. Former Ambassador Anil
Wadhwa takes stock of the mission’s progress so far, by land, air and sea routes
T
o contain the outbreak and public utilities like trains and A man gestures
to his father upon
and spread of the buses as well as airline operations his arrival at Netaji
COVID-19 pandemic, were all severely disrupted. For a Subhash Chandra
Bose International
the government of country of 1.3 billion, this presented Airport from
India was forced to a crisis without precedent. India Bangladesh under the
Vande Bharat mission
declare a complete lockdown in India also has a 30 million strong diaspora repatriation initiative,
on May 18
beginning March 24. The normal who live, work and study abroad,
functioning of the government, in addition to the large number of
industry, commercial establishments Indians who are travelling abroad on
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 12 |work or vacation. As airlines came be efficient and smooth, keeping the Members of the Indian
diaspora following social-
to a grinding halt and countries, requirements of safety and health at distancing norms as they
including India, shut their borders, the forefront at all times. complete pre-boarding
formalities for their
many Indian nationals and members Much of this responsibility flight from Dushanbe,
of the diaspora were stranded in devolved on the MEA, which Tajikistan, under the
Vande Bharat mission
foreign lands. This posed a challenge responded with alacrity, setting up
for the Ministry of External Affairs a COVID-19 cell manned by over
(MEA), which was tasked with the 100 personnel and officers for this
responsibility, along with other mammoth effort. Officers at the
ministries of the government such level of Additional Secretaries were
as Civil Aviation, and Home Affairs, made in charge of liaising with
to arrange safe passage for Indian designated state governments with
nationals back to the country. At the a concentration of diaspora abroad
same time, the government assistance on quarantine and other repatriation
was required for the evacuation of efforts. Prime Minister Narendra Modi
60,000 foreigners from 70 countries engaged with the Chief Ministers
back to their homeland and the whole of states on the modalities of the
process, which involved coordination repatriation, and External Affairs
of gargantuan proportions, had to Minister Dr S Jaishankar personally
India is also facilitating the travel of foreign nationals on
outbound flights under the Vande Bharat mission to countries
like UK, US and Germany
| 13 |Partnership
Right: Passengers before reviewed arrangements to speed up called VBM “the mission of hope,
boarding the 14th flight
from Doha under the and streamline repatriation efforts. help and happiness”. As of June 25,
Vande Bharat mission to Foreign Secretary Harsh Vardhan over 513,047 Indian nationals in close
Srinagar and Amritsar
Bottom: Indian nationals
Shringla held video conferences to 100 countries across the world
before boarding a special with Chief Secretaries of a number have already registered to get home
bus service to Assam,
India, marking the start of
of states as part of efforts to ensure to India. Most of them are students,
the Bhutan chapter of the proper coordination of the operation. professionals, and short- term visa
Vande Bharat mission
Heads of Indian diplomatic Missions holders such as tourists. Indian
abroad had coordinated these efforts nationals specially from the countries
personally with local governments. of the GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council)
Evacuations of some vulnerable who benefitted from visa amnesties
groups of stranded Indians from have also registered. The government
Wuhan in China, Iran and Japan were has given priority to those with
carried out in early February itself, at compelling reasons to return, such
the beginning of the pandemic, but as job loss, short term visa expiry,
it was with the start of the Vande medical emergencies, death of a
Bharat mission (VBM) on 7 March that family member back home, students,
a massive programme was launched pregnant women, and senior citizens.
to repatriate Indian nationals stranded The first phase of the mission
across the globe. Civil Aviation started off with joint operations by
Minister Hardeep Singh Puri has Air India, Air India Express, Alliance
The Indian Embassies, High Commissions and Consulates abroad
have set up multiple channels to communicate with stranded
Indian nationals in the countries they cover
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 14 |Crunching
Air along with the Indian Air Force flights were operated from the CIS Numbers
and Indian Navy through operation (Commonwealth of Independent
Samudra Setu. Given the strict States) countries, Europe, Russia, • Over the three phases,
close to 364,209
restrictions in place, the limited Africa, Australia, New Zealand and
Indians have returned
facilities at the airports, and the social Canada. The MEA has coordinated with 875 flights
distancing norms, the first phase saw with Air India and many foreign scheduled under the VBM
a modest 64 flights and sorties by airlines, to bring stranded Indians • Starting May 7, the first
naval ships that brought back over back via aviation hubs of Addis Ababa, phase of the Vande Bharat
16,000 Indians mainly from the GCC, Amsterdam, London, Frankfurt, and mission continued till May
16 with 64 flights from as
South East Asia, UK and USA. Many New York. Several flights from other
many as 12 countries across
flights landed at designated airports countries, flying in to evacuate their the world.
in the states given the landing nationals have also ferried some • The second phase, that
restrictions. The MEA coordinated stranded Indians. Flights have brought began from May 16 was
not only with the Indian diplomatic back Indians from even far-flung extended to June 13 to
missions abroad but also the state places in South America such as cover upto 47 countries.
governments to ensure that the Argentina, Peru and Guatemala. • The third phase of the
mission is currently
operation was conducted in a smooth During the course of the second
underway to bring back
manner. phase, India also allowed stranded and Indian nationals from
The second phase of the distressed Indian nationals to travel various countries.
Vande Bharat mission began on to India by nonscheduled commercial • The fourth phase of the
May 16. During this phase, in flights and also private and chartered Vande Bharat mission is set
addition to earlier destinations, flights cleared by the Ministry of to commence from 3rd July
and will target countries
with large number of
stranded Indians
• The operations of
chartered flights to bring
back seafarers and crew
members from ships have
steadily increased. As of
June 25, around 130,061
people have come back
using chartered flights.
• Another facet of the
repatriation exercise was
Operation Samudra Setu,
under which the Indian
Navy would be bringing
back Indian nationals from
Maldives, Sri Lanka and
Iran
Left to right: The INS Jalashwa ready to take 700 stranded Indians from Colombo, back to their homeland; The medical crew
await the arrival of Indian nationals to board INS Jalashwa under operation Samudra Setu at Colombo, Sri Lanka
| 15 |Partnership
Since domestic flights
Heads of Indian diplomatic Missions
resumed on May 25,
abroad have coordinated repatriation passengers can also arrive at
efforts personally with local governments Delhi airport instead of their
final destination in India, and
after the 14-day quarantine
Civil Aviation, and ships permitted by period, can travel to their hometowns.
the Ministry of Shipping. More than The third phase of the VBM also
84,000 Indian nationals have returned began from June 12 and is currently
through land-border immigration underway. Under this phase, there
checkpoints from Nepal, Bangladesh has been a significant increase in
and Bhutan. The Indian Navy also the number of private airlines and
made more sorties to bring back flights. The numbers of repatriations
returnees from Iran, Sri Lanka, and the being made has also gone up, with
Maldives. As part of the second phase, India making a more efficient use of
India also facilitated the travel of quarantine capacity.
foreign nationals on outbound flights The Indian Embassies, High
under VBM to countries like UK, US Commissions and Consulates abroad
and Germany. India has also allowed have had a very central role to play
certain categories of Overseas in mission Vande Bharat. They have
Citizens of India (OCI) card holders to set up dedicated, multiple help lines,
avail of the repatriation flights. and have been active on social media
Clockwise from left: Children from the Indian diaspora before their flight under the VBM from Doha, Qatar; Women
pose before boarding the 19th flight from Qatar to India under the VBM; Members from the Indian embassy greeting
children before their flight from Colombo, Sri Lanka
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 16 |procedures devised by Ministry
of Home Affairs and Ministry
of Civil Aviation are adhered to
and communicated to returning
passengers. Many Indian nationals
have reported and commended the
presence of Indian Ambassadors,
Consul Generals and senior officials
at airports to see off departing flights
and ensure smooth operations.
India has conducted several
large-scale evacuations in recent
times. This includes the airlift from
Kuwait, operation Rahat from Yemen
as well as the repatriation missions
from Iraq and Libya. However, once
the VBM and operation Samudra
Clockwise from top: platforms in order to communicate Setu are completed, India’s COVID-19
Indian volunteers assisting
with the registration with stranded Indian nationals in evacuation would have been
and screening of Indian the countries they cover. The Indian the biggest, the most extensive,
nationals for the Vande
Bharat mission in embassies across the world have and a very successful mission,
Maldives; The Air India contributed significantly to provide in contemporary history.
crew preparing to depart
to India from USA under accommodation and food to stranded
the VBM; External Affairs Indian nationals. Indian missions have
Minister of India Dr S
Jaishankar reviewing also liaised with local governments
preparations for the VBM
through a virtual meeting
to help Indian nationals extend their Ambassador Anil Wadhwa has served as
with the Heads of Indian short duration visas to avoid illegal Secretary (East) in the Ministry of External
Missions abroad Affairs, and as the Indian ambassador to
stay in the countries where they are Poland, Oman, Thailand and Italy. He has also been posted
stranded. They have been responsible to Indian missions in Hong Kong, China and Switzerland and
worked for the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical
to ensure that the standard operation Weapons (OPCW) in The Hague.
| 17 |ECONOMY
Turning
the tables
As the country tackles the spread of COVID-19, Prime Minister
Narendra Modi has advocated a push towards making India self-
reliant through a series of measures and economic relief packages
BY Vinayak Surya Swami
W
ith the advent turn it into an opportunity.” He then First launched in 2014,
the ‘Make in India’
of the Novel called upon the nation for its support initiative is now the
Coronavirus in this regard by making India “Aatma foremost tool to revive
the Indian economy
pandemic, a new Nirbhar” or Self Reliant. PM Modi also
world economic announced a relief package of INR 20
order is emerging and nations are Trillion (equivalent to 10 per cent of
just coming to terms with it. Prime India’s GDP) that will steer the country
Minister of India Narendra Modi onto the path of rapid development
has been quick in this realisation and growth, and create a robust local
and has accordingly altered existing supply chain.
policies and introduced several India’s plan for self-reliance
muti-sectoral initiatives to further is intended to be a two pronged
the vision of a thriving economy for approach. The first step will be the
India. Reaffirming his belief, in a recent undertaking of interim measures such
address, he said, “Howsoever big the as liquidity infusion and direct cash
crisis might be, India is determined to transfers to migrant workers and daily-
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 18 |wage earners. The second facet would Starting right
be long-term reforms in growth- PM Modi’s vision of a capable, efficient
critical sectors that will make them and self-reliant nation, has quickly
globally competitive and attractive. been realised and introduced as the
According to the Prime Minister’s Aatmanirbhar Bharat (Self-reliant India)
vision, a self-reliant India will stand on initiative. Some immediate reforms
five pillars: ‘economy’, that introduces are now being factored into policy
quantum jump; ‘infrastructure’ intune making decisions to bolster domestic
with the new India, a ‘system’ based capabilities and upscale production. Prime Minister
on 21st century technology; India’s The Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan Narendra Modi at
the launch of the
‘vibrant demography’; and ‘demand’, (ANBA) is focussed towards building Garib Kalyan Rojgar
Abhiyaan through
which will utilise our requirement and entire value chains for domestic video-conferencing, in
supply chain to full capacity. products that will enable local New Delhi on June 20
We need to concentrate on each sector individually, promote and
boost each and every product and service and work in a holistic
manner. It is important to make every sector self-reliant”
Narendra Modi
Prime Minister of India
(At the launch of the auction for 41 coal blocks)
| 19 |ECONOMY
Immediate manufacturers to thrive and reduce cover for existing businesses allowing
the need for imports. The Department them to grow under the same canopy.
effect of Promotion of Industry and Internal Over 500 million entities will be
To boost domestic Trade has already identified key empowered to restart operations
production, the sectors followed by measures to and get back on their feet with
government has imposed boost competitiveness, simplify momentous reforms for the
an import ban on radial
procedures and encourage direct MSME sector. These include the
and pneumatic tyres used
in two and four wheelers. investments. introduction of collateral free loans
Global tenders of upto INR
(total of INR 3,000 billion), INR
2 billion will be restricted holistic approach 200 Billion in subordinate loans for
to boost production The ANBA has identified the reviving businesses and a significant
through MSMEs. MSME (Micro, Small and Medium infusion of almost INR 500 billion in
INR 20 billion for Enterprises) sector, with its significant the sector through several new funds
fishermen through contributions to the GDP, exports and being set up.
Pradhan Mantri Matsya
Sampada Yojana (PMMSY). employment ratio as the core area for
economic revival and competence. Equal opportunities
The Garib Kalyan Rojgar
Yojana (PMGKRY), an INR As a start, a more inclusive With an aim to boost domestic
50 billion scheme to create definition has been announced to production and expand quality
jobs for the thousands of bring a larger group of small-scale exports, the MEIS (Merchandise
migrant workers affected
due to the COVID-19 crisis.
industries under the purview of the Exports from India) scheme is poised
beneficial reforms and extend the to be replaced by the Remission of
Restrictions on import of
incense sticks, bamboo
products and odoriferous
preparations.
An import ban on
specific lists of weapons/
platforms to be notified
on year-wise timelines to
boost indigenisation and
domestic production.
The imposition of an
anti-dumping duty on
specific steel products
to ensure cheap imports
do not disrupt domestic
production
PM Modi delivering
the inaugural
address at the 125th
Annual Session of
Confederation of
Indian Industries
(CII) through video
conference, in New
Delhi on June 2
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 20 |With reforms and new Duties and Taxes on Exports scheme
initiatives announced
as part of the ANBA, (RDTEP), to offset infrastructural
farmers across the inefficiencies and costs associated with
country can enjoy
direct benefits of their exporting goods produced in India.
hard labour while The government aims to extend these (Indian Space Research Organisation),
simultaneously securing
their futures with benefits to entities with a capability of India’s state-run space agency. The
modernisation through generating employment in the country move has come as an addition to
technology
as well. ISRO’s ‘technology transfer’ initiative
The export sector and domestic that provides new-age tech to private
production will also benefit from the and state-run entities towards the
proposed reenvisioning of the existing betterment of Indian industry.
costs associated with manufacturing. The defense industry will also
The lowered taxes on exporting goods benefit from the freeing-up of the space
across borders in addition to the sector. When it comes to innovative
imposition of anti-dumping duties on advances towards new-age technology,
imports will provide a level playing field the pandemic, and the new reforms,
to domestic manufacturers. A reform will act as a catalyst for development.
aimed towards increasing production Moreover, this move will also allow
potential locally and to ease the process for an opportunity for DSRO (Defence
of exports while simultaneously Space Research Organisation), India’s
reducing the dependence on foreign new defence oriented space agency, to
products. become a nodal authority for positive
outreach with space start-ups.
The new vision The government has also drawn up
The start-up segment of the Indian a new policy for privatisation of Public
space sector has been added as a direct Sector Enterprise (PSEs) to boost public-
beneficiary for the use of facilities and private partnerships, which will soon be
premier infrastructure of the ISRO notified to the concerned sectors.
| 21 |ECONOMY
I for India A stoic defence
In a major highlight, the ANBA has also
significant contributor to the country’s
GDP. In a first, the sector has been
The five-I formula for been extended to India’s defence sector. considered at par with the industries
making India self- The FDI (foreign direct investment) in India, and the government, under
reliant cap has been raised to 74% from the the ANBA has announced a stream of
• Intent existing 49%. This will enable domestic pioneering reforms aimed towards
manufacturers to source and utilise empowering farmers across India.
• Inclusion critical technologies that will help in the Going forward, there will be minimal
• Investment much needed modernisation and revamp hindrance arising from trade and
of the production process. licensing agreements, thereby allowing
• Infrastructure The OFB (Ordinance Factory farmers to easily accomplish business
• Innovation Board), a 200-year-old organisation transcending state lines.
will undergo corporatisation to make Millions of farmers will directly
manufacturing autonomous, boost benefit from the INR 300 billion
efficiency and increase accountability. additional emergency working capital
In this reconstruction, one or multiple to stabilise production in these testing
corporations will be added into the 41 times. With a INR 100 billion capital
factories currently falling under the OFB. infusion, Mirco Food Enterprises will
now be provided technological benefits
Back to basics in clusters (mango in UP, saffron in J&K,
Special attention has been paid to the bamboo shoots in the Northeast, chilli
agriculture sector with its position as in Andhra Pradesh etc.) to standardised
India’s largest livelihood provider and a quality and production as per FASSAI
The Prime Minister virtually
launches CHAMPIONS,
a technology platform to
empower MSMEs, in New
Delhi on June 1
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 22 |Schemes like Digital norms. The products will then be providing a subsidy for the transport to
India have laid the
groundwork due to marketed to promote an increase deficient markets will create a secure
which families across in demand. supply/demand chain and protect
rural India are able to
receive government The list of reforms are also the interest of Indian farmers.
benefits under the aimed towards utilising the surplus PM Modi had very recently quoted
ANBA directly in their
bank accounts of agricultural commodities with Swami Vivekananda and urged Indians to
amendments to the Essential use indigenous products and to promote
Commodities Act, made to Indian products in global markets,
ensure adequate supply in times furthering his idea of ‘Vocal for Local’.
of scarcity. These amendments, India needs to simultaneously boost
by utilising the surplus and by authentic exports in order to carve
a niche out for itself in the emerging
world order. An effort which will not
only fast track our journey to become
a USD 5 trillion economy, but will
also ensure that Indian interests are
safeguarded in the years to come.
Vinayak Surya Swami is a Delhi-based
journalist. He holds a degree in mechanical
engineering and has worked as an apprentice
Shipbuilder with the Indian Navy. A part-time writer since
his teenage years, he switched to journalism to pursue his
prurience for writing and travel.
| 23 |Progress
Pause for effect
A resurgence of natural habitats has been noticed across India’s mountainous
regions as pollution levels dropped significantly following a nationwide lockdown to
prevent the spread of COVID-19. This small window of non-interference has shed new
light on how our relationship with nature can be made more inclusive in future
BY Vinayak surya swami
Wild animals, including elephants
at the Rajaji National Park, have
felt more comfortable in their
natural surroundings without
constant human intervention
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 24 |W
ith the Coronavirus these policy decisions were a necessary
spreading at an measure for the well-being of
alarming rate across humanity, there was one aspect that
the world, many had not been focussed on as much –
countries adopted the impact lockdowns would have on
systematic lockdowns to slow the rate the environment.
of infection. Billions of people were Human involvement has, over many
A picturesque sunset
confined to the safety of their homes millennia, degraded our environment. at Tirthan Valley.
and travel was severely curtailed to During the pandemic, with lockdowns Tirthan valley, a
conservation hotspot
check the virus’ transmission. and restricted movement of man at the Great Himalayan
Industries, businesses and even and machinery in most parts of the National Park, saw
an unprecedented
small-scale construction units were world, resulting in an unprecedented growth in the naturally
halted as the world slowly came to withdrawal of human interference, occurring flora and
fauna during the
terms with the pandemic. Although nature started healing itself. lockdown
On World Environment Day, we reiterate our pledge to preserve our
planet’s rich biodiversity. Let us collectively do whatever possible
to ensure the flora and fauna with whom we share the Earth thrive.
May we leave an even better planet for the coming generations.
Narendra Modi
Prime Minister of India
| 25 |Progress
Undeniable signs to the reduced vehicular and industrial
In India, this impact has been most emissions over two months.
prominent in the Himalayan region. Mother nature’s self healing
Very recently, news feeds were flooded properties were visible in some of the
with photographs showing the massive largest Indian rivers, which showed
Dhauladhar range of the Himalayas a dramatic, almost miraculous drop
visible from Jalandhar, Punjab, situated in toxicity. The Yamuna and Ganga
over 200 km away. In a similar event, rivers, known as lifelines of the fertile
With nonexistent tourist
residents of Saharanpur in Uttar plains of northern India had nominal traffic in India’s many
national parks, wildlife
Pradesh woke up to a clear view of impurities and toxins after the initial has thrived. Seen here
snow-capped Himalayan mountains, month-long lockdown. In a report is a tiger roaming
freely at the Tadoba-
which many had never seen before. published by Uttarakhand Pollution Andhari Tiger Reserve,
Experts say this was only possible due Control Board recently, it was noted Maharashtra
The reduced levels of air and noise pollution during the fight
against COVID-19 have allowed exotic and migratory birds to return
to what was originally part of their natural habitats
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 26 |Breathing
easy
Air Quality Index
(AQI) readings
across major cities
in India (June 8)
Top: The Dhauladhar range of mountains visible from Jalandhar, Punjab, on April 3, 2020 • New Delhi
Bottom: A shepherd’s hut is illuminated by the clear rays of the sun, on the meadows of Uttarakhand. Lowered 81 (Satisfactory)
levels of pollution in the plains has proven to immensely beneficial to the sensitive ecosystems of the Himalayas • Mumbai,
Maharashtra
48 (Good)
• Kolkata, West
Bengal
38 (Good)
• Jaipur, Rajasthan
63 (Satisfactory)
• Chandigarh
31 (Good)
• Chennai, Tamil
Nadu
54 (Satisfactory)
• Guwahati, Assam
38 (Good)
• Bengaluru,
Karnataka
46 (Good)
• Hyderabad,
Telangana
45 (Good)
• Amritsar, Punjab
50 (Satisfactory)
AQI readings
represent an average
understanding of
the Air Quality.
0-50 represents
app.cpcbccr.com
good quality while
readings above 300
signify hazardous air
quality.
| 27 |Progress
Even as the adverse aspects of the Coronavirus have been felt
by humans, the crisis has come as reminder for us to rethink our
relationship with nature
The crystal clear that the level of Coliform (a type close to inhabited cities like Shimla and
waters of the Tehri
Lake in Uttarakhand. of pathogen) in River Ganga in and Manali in Himachal Pradesh. “Since the
Due to the around Rishikesh had dropped from relative absence of humans and related
restrictions imposed
on travel, Tehri, a 70/100ml (Apr 2019) to 40/100ml (Apr activities, wild animals have started to
popular summer 2020), whereas the dissolved oxygen perceive larger areas as deserted and
tourist destination,
has seen negligible levels had risen by almost 20% (Apr therefore safe for them,” says Parag
influx and very low
levels of pollution
2019-Apr 2020). Madhukar Dhakate, chief conservator
There has also been significant of forests (CCF) western circle Kumaon,
reduction in man-animal conflicts Uttarakhand.
across the state of Uttarakhand In one such instance, a pair of snow
as traffic on roads was well below leopards were spotted with camera
average. Since lockdowns have also traps at the Nanda Devi National Park
significantly reduced noise pollution, in Uttarakhand. The sighting of the pair
wild animals have been seen venturing together points towards the comfort
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 28 |with which these endangered animals Moreover, bird sightings have
are moving about the park. nearly doubled with many endangered
Anil Thakur, the Director of the and rare species of birds spotted easily
Great Himalayan National Park (also across Himachal Pradesh. “The reduced
classified as a world heritage site by levels of air and noise pollution have
UNESCO) explains that even when the allowed these birds to return to what
almost 1100 sq km area saw around was originally part of their natural
2000 visitors during the summer habitats,” say ornithologists. Infact,
months (May-July), the decrease in enthusiasts and bird watchers from
human footprints enabled wildlife to Shimla, the capital of Himachal
venture into the open and access more Pradesh, have been able to spot upto
area. “It was definitely beneficial for the
park’s flora and fauna. Human activity,
be it vehicular or otherwise, threatens
wildlife, however inadvertently. Once
the park opens again, we will follow
guidelines and try to educate our
visitors about the relationship we
share with nature. The pandemic has
reaffirmed that nature is and always
has been, supreme,” he said.
Left to right: Villagers
across the state of
Himachal Pradesh have
worked tirelessly with
local authorities to
restore their natural
surroundings; sightings
of birds have become a
common phenomenon
during the lockdown
across the country
| 29 |Progress
40 different species of birds from the
safety of their rooftops!
Change for the better
Such has been the change in the
environment and the scale of natural
reclamation, that experts are now
looking to it for policy decisions.
The drastic reductions in AQI (Air
Quality Index) levels has allowed many
metropolitan cities like New Delhi,
Mumbai and Kolkata in achieving their
targets of yearly pollution reduction
within just two months. “It’s not just
humans who have benefited from the
cleaner air, animals and plant life is also
booming due to the same. It is now
our biggest challenge to continue this
healing process for mother nature,”
says Dhakate.
Even as the adverse aspects of the
Coronavirus have been felt by humans,
the crisis has come as reminder for
us to rethink our relationship with
Top: The lack of
vehicular traffic and
absence of industrial
activity has helped
rejuvenate water bodies
across India. The clear
water of the holy Guru
Dongmar lake in Sikkim
is a prime example
Bottom: The ecosystem
at the iconic Valley of
Flowers in Uttarakhand
is returning to its former
glory following the
decline in tourist influx
and efforts of local
authorities
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 30 |The iconic Taj Mahal nature. Going forward, there is scope of and fauna which would otherwise be
reflected on the
surface of the Yamuna improvement when it comes to making impacted due to forest fires, vehicular
river in Agra. Due to more inclusive policy decisions that do traffic and heavy tourist influx,”
the restrictions in
lockdowns, Indian not threaten natural ecosystems at the explains Patial.
rivers have seen a cost of widespread development. Many environmentalists believe
dramatic drop in
external pollutants An avid naturalist, Upasana Patial, that the lockdown boosted the
the chief conservator of forests sensitive ecosystems naturally and
and wildlife (CCF WL) in Himachal that a 30-day period restricting human
Pradesh’s northern regions has noted interactions, can be allowed each
a significant decline in the number of year in order to reset the biological
forest fires this year which she says impact in these areas. We should not
maybe attributed to limited human resort to going back the way we were,
activity following the nationwide but instead, should learn from this
lockdown. Coupled with good rainfall experience and allow nature to thrive
and lower temperatures, the decrease as we progress.
in fires is quite miraculous. “The
forest department in tandem with the
administration tries to keep human-
wildlife conflict to a minimum. With
the lockdown in effect, we were able Vinayak Surya Swami is a Delhi-based
journalist. He holds a degree in mechanical
to significantly reverse the negative engineering and has worked as an apprentice
Shipbuilder with the Indian Navy. A part-time writer since
biological impact on the environment his teenage years, he switched to journalism to pursue his
while simultaneously studying the flora prurience for writing and travel.
| 31 |Culture and lifestyle
Ayurvedic medicines are naturally prepared
through a carefully monitored process.
These traditional methods preserve
curative properties of the ingredients over
long periods of time as well
The natural
doctrine
India is one the few countries where multiple recognised systems of traditional
medicine are practiced. These alternative systems are strongly connected
with nature-based remedies and thanks to government support, these ancient
philosophies are thriving. Dr Sanjeev Rastogi explains how alternative and
natural systems may be a viable solution for a healthier lifestyle
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 32 |T
he ongoing global tested ‘prevention is better than
pandemic has exposed cure’ paradigm, which happens
the world for all to hold relevance even centuries
its strengths and after it was first incorporated. In
weaknesses in a single contagious diseases, prevention
stroke and has brought into focus becomes of crucial importance. The
The traditional Ayurvedic
the importance of enhancing the measures we are currently following practice of shirodhara,
body’s natural defence system. With in the context of the ongoing that involves a constant
stream of warm essential
the support of the government, led pandemic have their inspirations oils applied to the
by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, from traditional Ayurvedic concepts forehead is known
to promote blood
traditional practices of medicine, of contagious disease prevention circulation, reduce stress,
restore damaged nerves
especially Ayruveda, are seeing a new mentioned in ancient Indian texts and boost cognitive
growth in popularity and relevance. like Sushruta Samhita. functions
The government has announced
innovative clinical drug trials to
evaluate the safe and effective use
of selected Ayurvedic medicines in
the treatment of COVID-19, making
this one of the first examples when
modern and traditional medical
experts are working simultaneously
to find a cure. The Ministry of AYUSH
(Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy,
Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy) has
also released a series of advisories
for the general public on the use
of several well-known Ayurvedic
formulations to improve the immune
system in the fight against COVID-19.
Thus, stressing on the tried and
Experts today say the key to a healthier lifestyle does not solely
lie in herbs, drugs or vaccines but, within our awareness towards
our selves and our efforts in keeping ourselves healthy
| 33 |Culture and lifestyle
Top: Students of the
PNNM Ayurveda Medical
College in Palakkad
Kerala. The college offers
extensive six-year courses
in Ayurvedic medicine
Bottom: Students of
Ayurvedic medicine learn
the practical aspects of
making medicinal mixes
Siddha sensibilities
Practiced largely across
Southern India, the Siddha
system is one of the earliest
traditional medicine
systems in the world.
According to the doctrines
that have been preserved
and passed down
through the generations,
practitioners (called
siddhars) stress on holistic
treatment of both the
spiritual and physical self.
Siddha medicine is The Ayurvedic assist microbes all around us, there
claimed to revitalise and Another ancient science, is a continuous search by the
rejuvenate dysfunctional
organs that cause a
Ayurveda, explores the concept microbes for suitable hosts that
disease. Kayakarpam (a of disease prevention by may allow the pathogens access
special combination of promoting a novel concept and to flourish by providing
medicine and lifestyle), of ‘prakriti vighat’. This refers them entry and substrates
varmam therapy (based on
activating pressure points, to averting the environment to feed upon. Ayurvedic
vaasi (Pranayama) and and lending it unfavorable herbal recommendations
muppu, a special salt (made to the growth of microbes, of mulethi (liquorice), giloy
from three regional rock
in reference to microbial (Tinospora Cordifolia; often
salts and minerals) are the
specialities of this system infections and infestations. Due referred to as the eternal source
of medicine. to the ubiquitous presence of of life due to its immense
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 34 |Understanding
Unani
One of the greatest
scholars of Unani
medicine, Ibn-e-
Sina, defines the
ancient avenue as
“A science in which
we learn various
states of body in
health and when
not in health and
Top: The ancient science of Siddha medicine is preserved through palm leaflets over the centuries. Siddha practitioner Dr the means by which
Gueta Monan Achari making an inventory of the medicinal leaves and herbs health is likely to
Bottom: Hakim Sharfuddin Quadri (standing), a veteran Unani practitioner, at his pharmacy in Kolkata, West Bengal be lost and when
lost, is likely to be
restored”
Traditionally
practiced in
Southern Asiatic
regions as well as
the Middle-East,
Unani stresses
greatly on the
temperament (mizaj)
of the patients and
therefore considers
them in relation to
the environment
and the stress it
exerts.
Unani physicians
hold the digestive
capabilities and diet
in utmost import.
The medication is
of varying potency
and in accordance
with temperament,
causative humour,
faculty of organ
involved, and
severity of the
disease.
| 35 |Culture and lifestyle
Healing
homeopathy
One of the nationally
recognised systems
of medicine in India,
Homeopathy, is
largely based on the medicinal and immunity- levels to provide preventive Homeopathic
medicines are known
principle of Similia boosting properties), and medicines, improve immunity to improve immunity
Similibus Curentur ashwagandha (Indian ginseng and provide other health with regular use.
(Latin), which means Nahar Singh, a hotelier
let similar things take
or winter cherry) set an apt support. and Homeopathic
care of similar things. example in the case. These practitioner from the
Deogarh Mahal Palace
Homeopathic herbs act optimally at multiple Mental strength in rural Rajasthan,
physicians follow levels; preventing the entry The COVID-19 pandemic has distributing homeopathic
this concept and medicines to the staff
of the virus by blocking the not just affected us physically as well as people from
the medications
prescribed produce receptors and also by halting its but has also led to high levels nearby villages
similar effects proliferation by inhibiting the of psychological distress
that counteract enzymes needed for it. leading to depression, stress,
the symptoms of
a disease. It is also
In an advisory released early and severe anxiety. It is a well-
commonly used for in 2020, the ministry of AYUSH known fact that increased
long-term afflictions recommended some Ayurvedic anxiety leads to decreased
as homeopathic medicines as “prophylactic immunity in our body, making
medicines often use
potent ingredients measures/ immunomodulatory it susceptible to various
in minimal quantities drugs as per the Ayurvedic disease, including an increased
for prolonged practices” to treat COVID-19 risk of viral respiratory tract
symptomatic relief.
patients. While the ministry infection, which is a symptom
Its strength also lies
in its effectiveness
proposed consultations with of COVID-19 as well. Yoga,
on certain clinical Ayurveda practitioners, the especially the deep-breathing
conditions for which medicines, AYUSH said, can exercises, are said to increase
there is less treatment help to “strengthen the immune lung capacity and thus keep
in other medical
systems and is often system”. Gujarat and Kerala respiratory ailments at bay.
recognised as a have administered alternative Speaking during the sixth
standalone treatment medicines to infected patients International Day of Yoga
for ailments like
and have claimed encouraging on June 21, 2020, PM Modi,
hormonal disorders,
pain and palliative results. Kerala has also set up said that as the coronavirus
diseases. Ayur Raksha clinics at district specifically attacks the
INDIA PERSPECTIVES | 36 |You can also read
