CONSERVATION - 3 n East Edisto: A Transformational Conservation Victory - Coastal Conservation League
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SPRING 2016
C OA S TA L
C O NS E R V A T I ON
LEAGUE
n3 East Edisto: A Transformational Conservation Victory
n
10 Captain Sams Spit Still in the Crosshairs
n
20 Victory: Obama Administration Says No to Offshore Drilling
SPRING 2016
Staff
Dana Beach, Executive Director
Programs
Lisa Turansky, Chief Conservation Officer
PROGRAM DIRECTORS
Hamilton Davis
Natalie Olson
Katie Zimmerman
Laurin Manning
SOUTH COAST
Kate Parks Schaefer, Office Director
Reed Armstrong, Project Manager
NORTH COAST
Nancy Cave, Office Director
COLUMBIA
Merrill McGregor, Director of Government Relations
Kenneth Sercy, Utility Regulation Specialist
Alan Hancock, Grassroots Campaigns Manager
GrowFood Carolina
Sara Clow, General Manager
Jackson Cauthen
Jessica Diaz
Nina Foy
Benton Montgomery
Alison Pierce
Jake Sadler
Nate Toth
Development
Nancy Appel, Director of Development
Kristy Collins, Membership & Events Manager
Nora Kravec, Data Manager
Shannyn Smith, Senior Development Officer
Administration
Tina Allen, Chief Financial Officer
Erin Crouse, Staff Accountant
Christine Gallina, Receptionist
Tonnia Switzer-Smalls, HR and Administration
Jeanne Snell, Bookkeeper/Office Manager
Offices
Board of Directors
Margot T. Rose, Board Chair
Charleston Berryman Edwards, Vice Chair
328 East Bay Street Johnston C. Adams
Charleston, SC 29401 Joel A. Berly, III
843.723.8035 Ceara Donnelley
P. Steven Dopp
Columbia Berryman Edwards
1202 Main Street, 3rd Floor Katharine Hastie
Columbia, SC 29201 Cynthia Kellogg
803.771.7102/803.758.5800 Deborah Kennedy Kennard
Jeff Leath
Beaufort Pierre Manigault
902 North Street Jim McNab
Richard Schmaltz
Beaufort, SC 29902
Jeffrey Schutz
Tel: 843.522.1800
Charles M. Tarver
John Thompson
Georgetown David Westerlund
709-B Front Street Stephen Zoukis
Georgetown, SC 29442
Tel: 843.545.0403
Magazine
GrowFood Carolina
Dana Beach
Laurin Manning, Editor
990 Morrison Drive
Cover photo: Julie Frye, Design
Dana Beach
Charleston, SC 29403
Prothonotary warbler by Dana Beach Tel: 843.727.0091
FROM THE DIRECTOR
EAST EDISTO:
Dana Beach
A TRANSFORMATIONAL
CONSERVATION
VICTORY
International Paper, Weyerhauser, Bowater, Sonoco,
and Stone. The mills’ voracious appetite for wood
pulp spawned the conversion of hundreds of thou-
sands of acres of southeastern forests to loblolly pine
plantations. By the 1980s, one-eighth of the land in
South Carolina, some 2.5 million acres, was in timber
In the first part of February, an area company ownership. Westvaco claimed more than
twice the size of Mt. Pleasant was per- 500,000 acres on the South Carolina coast.
manently protected in Charleston and As the century drew to a close, tax law changes,
Dorchester counties. This landscape of corporate mergers, and the threat of hostile takeovers
by “corporate raiders” like Sir James Goldsmith and
forests and fields, swamps and bogs, Henry Kravis launched a massive selloff of indus-
creeks, streams and branches – in three trial timber land. By 2012, MeadWestvaco had sold
major watersheds – extends from the 200,000 acres and placed much of their remaining
property on the market.
Ashley River to the ACE Basin. The
The largest block of land still owned by MeadWest-
protection agreement represents the vaco, East Edisto, covered 72,000 acres stretching
largest private conservation transaction from the Ashley River to the Edisto River, almost
in the history of South Carolina. equally divided between Charleston and Dorchester
counties. Because of the proximity to the Charleston
metropolitan area, the company envisioned convert-
he successful negotiation that led to this ing the land to housing subdivisions and commercial
T landmark agreement between the owners
– global packaging company WestRock – and
Lowcountry conservation groups began a
decade ago. Its origins, however, reach back to the
development.
The Charleston County portion of East Edisto was
zoned one house per 25 acres, the most protective ru-
ral zoning in South Carolina. This zoning code and its
1930s, when West Virginia Pulp and Paper (the underlying county comprehensive plan were enacted
predecessor of Westvaco) built one of the state’s first with Conservation League leadership in the mid-
paper mills on the Cooper River and began acquiring 1990s, after three years of intense debate in 2001.
forest land in the Lowcountry. In Dorchester County, only the Ashley River plan-
The opening of the North Charleston mill marked tation district was subject to reasonably protective
the beginning of the paper era in South Carolina, with rural standards. That county’s portion of East Ed-
further construction of paper mills in the state by isto was designated “absence of control.” This left
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 3
The Vision
for East Edisto:
• Create jobs before homes
• Establish sustainable towns and villages
• Provide educational opportunities
• Maintain and preserve the character
of the Lowcountry
“The East Edisto Conservancy is an
organization that was set up specifically
to oversee the protections that are in
place here because, as a friend of mine
said, ‘Perpetuity is an awfully long time.’”
— Dana Beach
The East Edisto Conservancy will be
governed by a board of conservation
and WestRock leaders:
• Charles Lane, chair, ACE Basin Task Force
• Raleigh West, director, Lord Berkeley Land Trust
• Michael McShane, director, Ducks Unlimited
• Kenneth Seeger, president, WestRock Land
and Development
• William “Mac” Baughman, WestRock Land
and Development
Dana Beach
4 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 6
Dorchester with substantially less negotiating leverage “After nine years of outreach and hard work
than Charleston. on the part of our team and our friends in
MeadWestvaco company representatives met with the community, we’re finally at the point
Governor Mark Sanford early in his second term roughly
ten years ago to discuss their plans for a massive devel- of being able to celebrate the recording of
opment project nearly the size of the City of Atlanta. density restrictions on 75% of the East
Sanford denounced the proposal, concerned that it Edisto area. This is a major accomplishment.
would “destroy the ACE Basin.” He encouraged officials
It preserves over 50,000 acres of land in a
to consult with Lowcountry conservationists to explore
alternatives to full-scale development. permanently rural state.”
As a result of those meetings, MeadWestvaco agreed — Ken Seeger, president, WestRock Land
to permanently protect 75% of the property. The re- and Development
mainder, closest to Summerville and a small area near
Ravenel, would be developed according to planning
principles the Conservation League has advocated since And the devil was truly in the details. Over the course of
the organization’s founding in 1989. Traditional neigh- a decade of deliberation, Ducks Unlimited, The Nature
borhood designs would allow residents to walk, bike, and Conservancy, and the Conservation League took the
take public transportation, blending commercial uses lead in determining exactly what the protection strategy
with residential, and featuring an extensive network of would look like. By the end of 2014, there was still no
parks, squares, and hiking and biking trails. Over the agreement on the specific protective instruments.
succeeding ten years, MeadWestvaco hired planners Then in early 2015, Ken Seeger, the head of the land
and convened dozens of public meetings to develop the development arm of MeadWestaco (now WestRock),
details for the property’s future. proposed creating a new nonprofit organization, the East
Edisto Conservancy. Three of five board positions would
East Edisto Ridgeville
52
Summerville
26
DORCHESTER
COUNTY
As
hl
ey
BERKELEY
Ri
COUNTY
ve
r
Ashley River
Historic North
District
Edisto River
COLLETON
Charleston
COUNTY
526
Charleston
County
17 Park CHARLESTON
COUNTY
ACE Basin
EAST EDISTO DENSITY RESTRICTED AREA
OTHER PROTECTED AREAS
WestRock
2-17-2016
EAST EDISTO REGION
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 5
Dana Beach
be filled by representatives of the conservation commu- “If you really care about land legacy, then
nity and the remaining two by East Edisto landowners.
Fifty-five thousand acres would be subject to a simple
there has to be land included in the legacy.
conservation easement limiting uses and density. Max- It is scale that matters in land.”
imum densities range from one house per 25 acres to – Mark Sanford, Congressman (SC-District 1)
one house per 200 acres.
The company recorded the easements in January
2016, following the approval in November of the devel- There are many lessons from East Edisto: the impor-
opment agreement and zoning change in Charleston tance of a bold and specific vision for the future of the
County. Lowcountry landscape and the persistent pursuit of
The newly protected land creates a vital link between that vision; the central role of strong land use plans and
the ACE Basin and the Ashley River historic district. zoning codes; the benefit of working with open-minded
It is the largest single addition to the coastal greenbelt, corporate landowners with a long-term focus; and the
envisioned to extend from the Savannah River to the value of collaboration among conservation and com-
North Carolina border, and brings the total protected munity groups. East Edisto is truly a gift for this and
acreage on the South Carolina coast to almost 1.3 future generations.
million acres.
6 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 6
“This landmark conservation agreement on
55,000 acres of land between the Ashley and
the Edisto spans two counties and three major
watersheds. It proves that commerce and
conservation can not only coexist, but that
they can dramatically enhance each other.
It is important to remember that the stage for
this achievement was set decades ago, with
the pioneering efforts in the ACE Basin and
on Sandy Island, where creativity and col-
laboration merged to produce unprecedented
conservation results.”
– Dana Beach, executive director,
Dana Beach
Coastal Conservation League
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTROCK
1889: William Luke founded Piedmont Pulp and
Paper Company in Piedmont, West Virginia. The
company began producing paper under the name of
West Virginia Paper Company.
1897: West Virginia Paper merged with West
Virginia Pulp, forming West Virginia Pulp and Paper
Company.
Dana Beach
Conservation League Executive Director Dana Beach and
Charleston County Council Chairman Elliott Summey celebrating 1937: West Virginia Pulp and Paper built the paper
East Edisto at Middleton Plantation on February 25. mill on the Cooper River in what is now the city of
North Charleston.
1969: West Virginia Pulp and Paper became
Westvaco.
2002: Westvaco merged with Mead Corporation,
forming MeadWestvaco (aka MWV).
2008: MeadWestaco sold the North
Charleston paper mill to Kapstone.
2015: MeadWestvaco merged with Tennessee-
based RockTenn, forming WestRock.
The Conservation League worked extensively with
MeadWestvaco (now WestRock) to develop form-
based codes (see page 8) for both Charleston and
WestRock President Dorchester County Councilman Dorchester counties, which will further lead to con-
Ken Seeger Jay Byars
servation of rural areas and to traditional neighbor-
hood development within the project boundaries.
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 7
WHAT’S A FORM-BASED CODE?
Based on design principles from traditional places such as
historic Charleston, form-based codes are a regulatory tool
that planners use to create walkable, connected commu-
nities. As opposed to conventional single-use zoning that
Dana Beach
prescribes certain land uses, form-based codes focus on
the form of physical structures and public spaces between
buildings – streets, parks, plazas, boulevards, etc.
CAN’T YOU BUILD WALKABLE NEIGHBORHOODS
WITHOUT A FORM-BASED CODE?
A form-based code puts urban character – the sense of
place, how a place looks and feels – before the details of how
the buildings are being used. Consequently, developers can
plan communities capable of surviving the test of time as
needs and demographics change.
HOW IS A FORM-BASED CODE DIFFERENT
FROM A TYPICAL ZONING CODE?
A typical, conventional zoning code puts microscopic
details of use before every other consideration.
For example, if you have land zoned for offices,
you can’t put anything else there without a
rezoning, and the rezoning process usually
has few clear design parameters that are A form-based code relies heavily on
predictable and fair to all parties. “by-right” development standards adopted
Conventional zoning codes focus on by the community. If a development pro-
the use of the land, with little thought posal meets the code, elected officials don’t
to the appearance of what gets built. have to vote on it. Developers know those
Because design is low on the list votes can be unpredictable. A form-based
of criteria, most places in most code requires buildings to have a certain
American towns have come to form and relationship to other buildings
look exactly the same, usually and to the street but doesn’t focus as much
with generic, “franchise” on what the building is used for. Maybe
architecture. it starts out as offices but later becomes
shops or apartments. Many developers are
on board with this idea because it provides
predictability on which to base market
decisions.
Richard Beck
Modified from “So, what exactly IS a form-based code
and why should anyone care?” by Mary Newsom, UNC
Charlotte Urban Institute: https://ui.uncc.edu/story/
charlotte-explores-form-based-codes-david-walters
8 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 5
ENERGY
Solar Energy
Dana Beach
ON THE RISE
by Kenneth Sercy, Utility Regulation Specialist
From the Lowcountry to the Blue Ridge, markets
for solar energy are heating up in South Carolina.
Solar panels have popped up on rooftops around
neighborhoods and in business districts. They are
also sprouting on fallow farmland across the state.
The flurry of solar development in recent months
has been driven by new electric utility programs
designed to take advantage of falling technology costs
and the multitude of benefits these new technologies
SCE&G
have to offer, from local job creation and enhanced
consumer choice, to reduced fossil fuel imports and Keller Kissam, Senior Vice President, SCANA Corporation and
air pollution. Those utility programs were made Hamilton Davis, Conservation League Energy Director
possible by the Distributed Energy Resource Pro-
gram Act of 2014, a landmark renewable energy bill A second key development that has animated solar
passed unanimously by the South Carolina General As- markets in the Palmetto State is the October 2015
sembly and signed into law by Governor Nikki Haley. launch of utility programs designed to encourage
For years the Conservation League has worked as small rooftop solar installations. Through these pro-
part of a coalition of lawmakers, electric utilities, reg- grams, families, businesses, and nonprofits can receive
ulators, community leaders, businesses, and conserva- rebates and other financial incentives from their elec-
tion groups to create a legal and regulatory framework tric utility for installing solar panels on their property,
that would allow renewable energy markets to flourish whether the customer owns the panels or has obtained
in the Palmetto State just as they have flourished in them through a lease agreement. The programs are
North Carolina, Georgia, and across the country. spurring businesses to install rooftop solar. For exam-
Now, we are beginning to see the fruits of that labor ple, seven Target stores in the Columbia, Aiken, and
as families and businesses opt to go solar, and utilities Charleston areas are slated to install panels in 2016.
seek to diversify their generation portfolios. Over On the residential side, the Solarize South Carolina
the next five years, the market activity around solar is campaign led by nonprofit SmartPower guides fam-
expected to bring more than $500 million in invest- ilies through the decision-making process for going
ment to our state. solar, connects them with experienced installers, and
One key development that is sparking recent market provides access to financing. Additionally, Sunrun
growth is the utility requests for proposals (RFPs) is- and other national renewable energy companies have
sued in August of 2015. Duke Energy and South Caro- established offices in South Carolina and are offering
lina Electric & Gas each issued an RFP for large-scale solar leases that remove the up-front cost barrier of
ground-mounted solar projects (often called “solar solar technologies for households.
farms”) to supply power to the electric grid. Eligible For more information on going solar, check out the
projects can be as large as 10 megawatts in size, but South Carolina Energy Office’s Consumer Guide to
smaller solar farms like the upcoming 500-kilowatt Solar at www.energy.sc.gov/files/view/SolarGuide-
North Charleston array on Leeds Avenue will also be Homeowners.pdf or visit the South Carolina Solar
Richard Beck
built. A 10-megawatt solar farm represents about $20 Council website at www.scsolarcouncil.org/. Be on
million in investment and will generate enough energy the lookout for solar panels popping up on homes and
to power about 1,300 homes. businesses near you.
SPRING 2016
5 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 9
A I R , W A T E R & P U B L I C H E A LT H
CAPTAIN SAMS SPIT STILL
IN THE CROSSHAIRS
Dana Beach
by Katie Zimmerman
Air, Water, and Public Health Program Director
The Coastal Conservation League magine a place
has been fighting efforts to develop
Captain Sams Spit, a 150-acre pristine
I that erodes and
accretes regularly, surrounded on three
sides by water, with a river on one side and
the ocean on the other. These two waterbodies meet
sandy land mass at the southern end at an inlet, with a slim neck of sand that provides a
of Kiawah Island, for nearly a decade. connection to the mainland of Kiawah Island. The
neck has completely washed away at least three
The spit is ecologically significant and times in recorded history. This fragile and highly
worthy of protection for many reasons. mobile spot also happens to provide nesting and
feeding grounds for rare and threatened species,
The piping plover, diamondback including the piping plover and diamondback ter-
rapin. The beloved bottlenose dolphin strand feeds
terrapin, bottlenose dolphin, and
here. Even bobcats den here. And South Carolinians
other rare and threatened species rely kayak, fish, and crab here.
This place you are envisioning is real: Captain
upon this fragile and highly mobile Sams Spit, a 150-acre pristine sandy land mass at
space for nesting and feeding. the southern end of Kiawah Island. For nearly a
decade, the Coastal Conservation League has been
fighting efforts to develop Captain Sams Spit.
The Spit is ecologically significant and worthy
of protection.
The fight to protect the spit began in 2008 when
developers, now known as Kiawah Development
Partners (KDP), pressured then Congressman
Henry Brown (R-SC1) to introduce legislation that
would have removed Captain Sams Spit from the
Coastal Barrier Resources System. This federally
designated system delineates erosional and vulnera-
ble natural areas where federal subsidies in the form
of flood insurance and hurricane relief are prohib-
ited in order to discourage development. Thanks
to the outcry of hundreds of Conservation League
members and activists, the bill was withdrawn and
the spit remains in the Coastal Barrier Resources
System today.
But the fight to protect Captain Sams Spit was just
beginning.
Shortly after their legislative attempt, KDP began
applying for development permits, including a
request to build a 2,783-foot concrete sloped revet-
ment and a vertical bulkhead to stabilize the prop-
Dana Beach
erty for the development of 50 homes and related
infrastructure. Represented by the South Carolina
Environmental Law Project (SCELP), the Conserva-
tion League challenged this permit.
10 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 6Dana Beach
Flickr CC/Maritime Aquarium at Norwalk
The case over the proposed half-mile long concrete
wall went before the South Carolina Supreme Court,
and after several unprecedented re-hearings over the
course of three years, the court finally ruled against
the developer in 2014, but sent the case back to the
Administrative Law Court for further consideration.
In December 2015, Judge Ralph K. Anderson III ruled ture they need to access the spit for development.
that the full 2,783 feet of bulkhead could be built, but After a stalemate last year, the Senate committee
only 270 feet of the concrete revetment could be built debating the bill removed the permanent baseline lan-
in front of Beachwalker County Park. guage entirely. Now the Senate debate centers on
By this point, the latest iteration of KDP – now based a choice between two amendments: one from Sena-
in Charlotte, North Carolina and backed by a New York tor Ray Cleary (R-Georgetown) which would set the
hedge fund – had already applied for a different permit permanent baseline now using existing data, and one
for a new 2,380 feet vertical steel sheet pile wall. On from Senator Campbell, which would not only delay
behalf of the Conservation League, SCELP appealed setting the baseline but would also provide a loophole
the permit, halting immediate construction through for coastal property owners to move the line closer to
a legal tool known as the “automatic stay.” Before the the ocean in the future.
legal hearing, KDP asked the Administrative Law In March 2016, Administrative Law Judge Anderson
Judge to eliminate or lift the automatic stay, allowing dealt our legal efforts a devastating blow: not only did
construction of the steel wall along the banks of the he confirm his ruling that 270 feet of revetment wall
Kiawah River to proceed. Judge Anderson agreed to could be built in front of the parking lot of the adja-
lift the stay. Responding quickly to the imminent dan- cent Beachwalker County Park, but he also allowed
ger facing the spit, the Conservation League requested the full 2,783 foot length of vertical bulkhead. No one
that the South Carolina Supreme Court grant “ex- described this ruling better than SCELP Executive
traordinary relief ” to prevent any construction on the Director and General Counsel Amy Armstrong: “It’s
spit. Fortunately, we prevailed and the Court enjoined an awful, awful decision. It makes a mockery of public
Judge Anderson’s order. use, of public benefit.”
Throughout the turmoil in court, conservation The good news is that SCELP filed motions to stay
groups from all over the coast were working with construction on the spit, and, unexpectedly, Judge
state legislators on a bill to update South Carolina’s Anderson granted our motion to impose a stay on
beachfront management laws. While Captain Sams his most recent decision. Conservation League and
Spit is obviously part of our shoreline, the bill was not SCELP also filed a notice of appeal of Judge Ander-
a specific attempt to protect it–it was a larger effort to son’s Order on Remand in the Court of Appeals, while
ensure, among other things, that a baseline along our simultaneously filing a motion to transfer the appeal to
entire coast would never again move seaward. This ac- the South Carolina Supreme Court.
tion would eliminate development in highly erosional We will remain vigilant and keep you informed as
areas, defending taxpayers, homeowners, and natural the legislative debate on Captain Sams Spit continues
resources. In an effort to support their plans for devel- this session, and as we work through legal appeals.
opment on the spit and ignoring the devastating impli- For more information on Captain Sams Spit, visit
cations for South Carolina’s entire coast, KDP hijacked our website at www.coastalconservationleague.org/
the bill, working with state Senator Paul Campbell captain-sams-spit.
(R-Berkeley) to introduce the “Kiawah Amendment.” Captain Sams Spit should be preserved in a pristine
The Kiawah Amendment would delay setting the state for perpetuity. The help and support of our
baseline – a stalling tactic designed to buy time while membership has been vital. Stay strong for the spit!
sand potentially accretes on the spit. With more sand, To order your own Save Captain Sams Spit sticker,
the baseline could be moved closer to the ocean, giving email Katie Zimmerman at katiez@scccl.org.
potentially more room to build the road and infrastruc-
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 11SOUTH COAST
Savannah Harbor Deepening
RiverPort Development and Jasper Port Location
SOUTH COAST
SC
GA
SAVANNAH HARBOR DEEPENING
£
¤
Riverport Development and
321
J A Jasper
SPER Port Location
REGION FOCUS
COUNTY
Spring
Island
£
¤
278
by Kate Schaefer, South Coast Director Rincon Hardee-
ville BEAUFORT
COUNTY
EFFINGHAM
COUNTY
wo proposed economic development projects Port
T
Bluffton
Wentworth
will drive the conservation agenda on the Savannah
South Coast in the coming months: a 5,000- §
¦
¨
95
National
Wildlife
acre multi-use development and a new port,
Refuge
both in rural Jasper County. Blooming-
dale
The proposed $4.5-billion Jasper Ocean Port and Garden
City
Southern Environmental Law Center, 2015
Pooler
facilities will occupy 1,500 acres eight miles from §
¦
¨
16
Savannah Ty
the mouth of the Savannah River in southern Jas- be
e NW R SC
per County and upstream from the Tybee National §
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¨ £
¤ GA
Dana Beach
CH AT H A M 516 80 Whitemarsh
COUNTY Island
Wildlife Refuge. Once completed, it will handle seven Wilmington
RiverPort Mixed Use Development
million units of shipping cargo that the Savannah and
Island
Jasper£¤17
Ocean Port (Favored Location)
Charleston ports will not be able to process after they Port of Savannah (Existing Location)
National Wildlife Refuge
reach capacity, which is anticipated to happen in the Savannah River Shipping Route Skidaway
next 15 years. (It is important to realize that prior Other Shipping Routes Island
City Boundary
predictions of cargo growth rates in Charleston and State Boundary
Savannah have been wildly inaccurate, so this 15-year County Boundary
perspective should be taken with a large grain of salt.) Map created by: Shannon Groff (sgroff@selcnc.org) and Jovian Sackett (jsackett@selcnc.org)
U
Last updated on: 12/11/2015
The 5,000-acre Riverport project is 0an 1.5industrial,
3 6 Miles
Data Sources: US Army Corps of Engineers; US Fish & Wildlife Service; US Census Bureau;
Georgia Ports Authority; NOAA
NOTE: The boundary of RiverPort was digitized, therefore location should be considered approximate.
residential, and commercial development along the
edge of the Savannah National Wildlife Refuge. The
refuge provides valuable sanctuary for birds and other
wildlife.
Riverport is zoned as a planned unit development
within the rapidly-growing City of Hardeeville.
The project is so large that a federal Environmen-
tal Impact Statement is required to ensure negative
impacts have been addressed and alternatives have
been considered. The wetlands delineation – which is
expected to reveal that more wetlands are present in
the development area than were previously identified
– is being finalized. The Draft Environmental Impact
Statement should be released in the coming months.
Dana Beach
We will be working with stakeholders in the com-
munity to ensure minimal impact to the Upper Florid-
The Savannah National Wildlife Refuge, established in ian Aquifer – the largest aquifer in the southeastern
1927, contains more than 29,000 acres of freshwater marsh United States that provides drinking water to parts of
and bottomland hardwood forest. The refuge is located off of Florida, Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina – and
Highway 17-South in Jasper County and visitors can learn to freshwater wetlands . Without a healthy wetland
more here: http://www.fws.gov/refuge/Savannah/ system, there is neither a healthy Savannah River nor
a healthy Jasper County.
For the latest information on these projects and others in our South Coast region,
visit http://coastalconservationleague.org/regions/south-coast.
12 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 6A I R , W A T E R & P U B L I C H E A LT H
PAPPY’S ISLAND PROTECTED,
CAPE ROMAIN ENHANCED
by Katie Zimmerman
Dana Beach
he Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge Pappy’s Island (sometimes called Papa’s or Pappa’s
T is federally designated for fish, wildlife, and
plant conservation. The refuge is home to
more than 277 different bird species and
boasts the largest nesting rookery for brown peli-
Island) is an undeveloped 104-acre marsh hummock
island that is surrounded by the refuge near Mc-
Clellanville. It is also one of the last privately owned
islands within the authorized boundaries of Cape
cans, terns, and gulls on the South Carolina coast, as Romain. It consists of 80 acres of tidal marsh and 24
well as the largest wintering population of American acres of upland, including prehistoric shell mid-
Oystercatchers on the East Coast. More than 24 dens. In its entirety, Cape Romain covers 22 miles
types of reptiles, 12 varieties of amphibians, and 36 of undeveloped shoreline, part of the largest stretch
species of mammals have been recorded in the ref- of undeveloped shoreline on the entire East Coast.
uge. Furthermore, Cape Romain supports the largest Aside from a small cutout at McClellanville, the sea-
nesting population of loggerhead sea turtles outside ward side of the intracoastal waterway serves as the
the State of Florida. refuge’s border. Pappy’s Island falls within this small
excluded area.
As a marsh hummock, Pappy’s Island hosts migra-
tory songbirds during the summer, including painted
buntings, which use hummocks for both resting and
breeding. Painted buntings are declining in number
and are a high priority species in the Southeast. They
also happen to be one of the most colorful and sought
after birds by birdwatchers in South Carolina. The
state supports a third-to-a-half of the total breeding
population and is considered to play a vital role in
the species’ conservation. In the 2015 State Wildlife
Action Plan recently developed by the South Caro-
lina Department of Natural Resources, the painted
Dana Beach
bunting is listed in the category of Highest Priority
Species for protection.
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 13Until recently, Pappy’s Island was owned by
developers and zoned to accommodate two homes.
These developers obtained permits for a septic sys-
tem and a private, recreational dock for the island,
despite public opposition. Allowing the dock to be
constructed in this area would have degraded a frag-
ile habitat and set a dangerous precedent .
The Conservation League, represented by the
South Carolina Environmental Law Project, ap-
pealed the dock permit and coordinated with con-
cerned citizens. Meanwhile, The Nature Conservan-
cy and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service
Dana Beach
(FWS) began writing grants to secure funding sourc-
es to purchase the property. The Open Space Insti-
tute (OSI) evaluated options for purchase, and as our
litigation progressed, OSI successfully negotiated
a fair price. After months of work, OSI successfully Under FWS ownership, the tract will be managed
closed on the property on March 1, 2016. FWS is pre- within Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge. The
pared to ultimately take control of the property with property’s frontage along the intracoastal waterway
half of the funds already secured from the Charleston will provide new public water access to water not
County Greenbelt Bank, and the other half provid- commonly available. The protection of this proper-
ed by North American Wetlands Conservation Act ty ensures continued good health for area waters,
(NAWCA) and Land and Water Conservation Fund benefiting not only wildlife, but also the culture and
grants. Pappy’s Island is safe from development, and livelihood of nearby McClellanville, where the local
in a year will be officially protected forever, thanks to economy is closely tied to commercial fishing and
this team effort. shellfish harvesting within the refuge.
Dana Beach
14 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 6F O O D & A G R I C U LT U R E
GROWFOOD
CAROLINA PARTNERS
WITH THE GREEN
HEART PROJECT
by Shannyn Smith, Senior Development Officer
rowFood Carolina’s demonstration garden, “I’ve learned that vegetables give me
G completed in early 2012 with support and leader-
ship from a handful of donors and volunteers, has
been home to the Meeting Street Academy’s school
garden program for three years. Meeting Street Academy,
energy and strength, and now I know
how to plant them! We learn how to
respect each other and the earth.”
located blocks from the GrowFood Carolina warehouse, -Bobby, Meeting Street Academy kindergarten
provides a high quality education to students based on the
belief that a child’s zip code should not determine his or
her educational opportunities.
The garden provides hands-on opportunities for kin-
dergarteners and first and second grade students to learn
about their food – from the seeds they plant to food they
eat. The curriculum integrates health and nutrition,
science, and math into each lesson for a comprehensive,
practical, and applicable learning experience. Working in
the garden also fosters environmental stewardship and a
connection with nature.
This year, GrowFood Carolina is partnering with the
GrowFood
CAROLINA
Green Heart Project, a Charleston-area nonprofit that
builds school gardens and promotes farm-to-school pro-
Photos by The Green Heart Project
grams. In addition to connecting students to a new learn-
ing experience, the Green Heart Project teaches healthy
eating through culinary classes and provides the opportu-
nity to learn about the local food system. The Green Heart
Project’s oversight and maintenance is greatly enhancing
our garden’s productivity, aesthetics, and function as an
educational resource.
The GrowFood garden is open to the community. www.greenheartsc.org
Please come for a visit!
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 15L E G I S L AT I V E
Post and Courier
DORCHESTER
he rivers, marshes, and beaches that
T make the South Carolina coast so
special depend on state laws for
protection. The Coastal Zone Manage-
ment Program is one of the laws that we de-
pend on to preserve the marshes and wetlands
that attract visitors, provide protection from
flooding, and serve as the pit stops for migra-
tory birds. But legislators have introduced
bills that would remove coastal protections
for much of Dorchester County under South
Carolina’s Coastal Management Program. If
successful, these bills would set a dangerous
precedent for other coastal counties. The
current designation of the coastal zone is the
result of much study and compromise, and it
reflects the need for more planning and pro-
tection in the most rapidly growing areas near
our coast. The Conservation League supports
the current coastal zone in its entirety.
hen a government agency makes a decision
AUTO STAY W that binds people to its actions, the
people affected have a right to due process
to appeal the decision. Article 1, Section
22 of the South Carolina Constitution requires
that if an administrative agency makes a deci-
sion, e.g., to permit the disposal of hazardous
waste next to a church and a lake, as DHEC did
in Pinewood — those affected have the right to
due process and a chance to be heard. A bill in
the South Carolina Senate would gut that right.
Certain developers want to take away what’s
called the “automatic stay,” which hits the pause
button on irreversible harm, like dumping hazard-
ous waste by a swamp or bulldozing centuries-old
bald cypresses. The automatic stay prevents this
irreversible harm from happening while the court
is deciding on the legality of the government’s
action. The stakes are high, and the Conservation
The State
League’s team is working at the State House for
this fundamental legal protection.
Dana Beach
16 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 6NORTH COAST
PAVING OVER
HORRY COUNTY’S
NATURAL
HERITAGE
by Nancy Cave, North Coast Director
Lewis Ocean Bay was acquired
by the South Carolina Department of
Natural Resources (DNR) as a Heritage
Trust Preserve in the late 1980s. It is one
of the crown jewels of South Carolina’s
natural landscape – 9000 acres known
for its Carolina Bays bears, and Venus’
flytraps – tucked between Conway and
Myrtle Beach. In order to have a say in the
preserve’s future, DNR negotiated own-
ership of the preserve to the center line
of the dirt road known as International
Drive, serving as the southern border for
L.O.B. In the intervening years, two major
roads, SC 22 and Hwy 31 were built on the
preserve’s northern and eastern borders,
allowing development to creep closer
Dana Beach
and closer, fragmenting the preserve’s
habitat and endangering its survival.
H
orry County officials have set their By 2013, the parties had renegotiated the deal, and
sights on International Drive, envi- what was to be a two-lane road became a four-lane
sioning another major road to facilitate road with no animal passageways and ten curb cuts
more development. In 2006, Horry for access to areas of future development. The rede-
County passed a one-cent transporta- signed International Drive would destroy 24 acres of
tion tax referendum to fund the pav- wetlands, and with no animal passageways, cars and
ing of International Drive. To begin animals would be bound to collide.
construction, Horry County had to The Coastal Conservation League and the South
obtain the right to the SC Department Carolina Wildlife Federation – represented by the
of Natural Resources’ (DNR) half of International South Carolina Environmental Law Project – opposed
Drive. In 2010 DNR “sold” Horry County their rights the redesigned International Drive. When Horry
to the road; in return, Horry County agreed to a two- County submitted their permit application, the Con-
lane paved road and three animal passageways to servation League wrote a letter opposing it but offered
move bears and other animals safely across the road. to negotiate with the county on a road that would meet
Dana Beach
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 17the needs of drivers while better preserving Lew-
is Ocean Bay. Conservation League staff told Horry
County officials that we would not oppose the road if
the county amended the permit to include an animal
passageway, fencing on both sides of the road, and a
reduction in curb cuts. Conservation League staff sat
at the table with Horry County Council members twice
and were rebuffed both times.
Last June, the South Carolina Department of Health
and Environmental Control (DHEC) issued the county
Dana Beach
a permit for International Drive. Later that summer, the
Conesrvation League appealed the permit. The appeal
was argued in front of the Administrative Law Court in
February.
The future of Lewis Ocean Bay is at stake. This pris-
tine ecosystem could become a fragmented and isolated
landscape, with the pressure of development a constant
threat. There are alternatives to maintain Lewis Ocean
Bay’s integrity: building a two-lane road with animal
passageways, fencing on both sides of the road to keep
animals and cars separated, and mitigation that extends
the preserve to the Waccamaw River. But ultimately,
Dana Beach
the survival of Lewis Ocean Bay will depend on a com-
munity committed to protecting a natural treasure right
in their own backyard.
Lewis Ocean Bay
Heritage Preserve
The Nature Conservancy
Richard Beck
18 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 6The Challenges of ENERGY
CLIMATE CHANGE
by Hamilton Davis, Energy and Climate Director
very year on October 2nd, my mom reminds
E me that it has never rained on my birthday.
In 2015, Mother Nature put an emphatic
end to that streak as the “1,000-year flood”
Dana Beach
descended upon South Carolina. Wreaking havoc
on homes and businesses, roads and bridges, farms,
and daily life across our state, South Carolinians
experienced first-hand just how disruptive extreme
More extensive erosion of our barrier islands is also
weather can be, as well as a preview of what climate
proving a difficult challenge for coastal communities
change could mean in the Palmetto State.
with dwindling options at their disposal.
For a coastal state with a heavy reliance on natural
Under a business-as-usual scenario, we could wit-
resources and agriculture, South Carolina is partic-
ness another foot-and-a-half of sea level rise
ularly vulnerable to the changes that climate scien-
by mid-century and more than three feet by 2100.
tists are predicting if greenhouse gas emissions are
A 1.4-foot increase in sea level is estimated to put
not reduced in the coming years.
$5.7 billion in South Carolina coastal properties
In a 2013 study, the SC Department of Natural
underwater at mean high tides.
Resources noted significant changes in wildlife
These problems will only be exacerbated by
behavior ranging from the nesting of wild turkeys to
increased greenhouse gas emissions.
the arrival of dolphin (the fish; the mammal was al-
Fortunately, there are reasons to be optimistic:
ready here) in the waters off of our coast. The report
World leaders gathered recently in Paris to strength-
warns of detrimental drought and climate-induced
en their commitments in the fight against climate
changes to wildlife habitat, sea level rise, invasive
change; new EPA carbon regulations, if implement-
species, and traditional uses of natural resources.
ed, will significantly reduce the United States’ car-
Although the SC Department of Agriculture has
bon pollution in the electricity sector by 2030; and
yet to take a position on the threat of climate change,
states like South Carolina are increasingly investing
a position should emerge after the estimated $300
in clean energy resources like solar, while local gov-
million of damage done to crops across the state
ernments like Charleston and Beaufort are engaging
during the torrential rains of early October. More
on climate adaptation strategies that will result in
extreme weather, drought, and invasive species only
more resilient communities in the decades ahead.
add to future concerns surrounding our changing
There’s no excuse for inaction in the face of the
climate’s impact on the agricultural sector.
real world changes that are already taking a toll on
Life along the South Carolina coast could be hit
South Carolina. The Coastal Conservation League
the hardest. The past century saw sea levels rise
remains on the leading edge of guiding our
more than a foot, and cities like Charleston are
state towards a clean energy future.
already struggling to deal with intensified flooding
that has proven increasingly disruptive to daily life.
For more information about our work on resiliency and climate adaptation, visit:
http://www.coastalconservationleague.org/climate
Richard Beck
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 19ENERGY
VICTORY! Obama Administration S
by Laurin Manning, Communications Director
The people spoke and the President listened. On
Wednesday, March 15, the Obama Administration
announced its decision to reverse course on
allowing offshore drilling along the Atlantic coast.
Richard Beck
20 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 5Cont’d. from p. 21
n Says No to Atlantic Drilling
he Bureau of Ocean Energy Management community groups. Persistence paid off.
T (BOEM) had originally included the Atlantic
Ocean in its proposed five-year program
for oil and gas development on the Outer
The Conservation League and partners collected
more than 5,000 signatures from citizens across
South Carolina to convince the Obama Adminis-
Continental Shelf but decided to remove the tration to stand up to the oil industry and prohibit
Atlantic Ocean after facing widespread public drilling for oil and gas off our coast.
backlash from communities up and down the coast. “This is a monumental victory,” Davis states. “A
The decision will stand until 2022. The Coastal local movement to protect our way of life just put an
Conservation League, along with numerous conser- end to a federal proposal backed by the most power-
vation partners, played a leading role in organizing ful industry on the planet.”
broad opposition from citizens, businesses, local The conservation community is grateful for the
governments, and elected officials at the local, state, support of numerous elected officials in this effort.
and federal levels. In particular, Mayor Billy Keyserling in Beau-
“This decision shows that local voices still matter fort, South Carolina Senator Chip Campsen from
on national issues,” says Energy Director Hamilton Charleston, and Congressman Mark Sanford played
Davis. “The coastal communities in South Carolina critical roles in eliminating this threat to our coastal
that would have been most impacted by offshore environment and economy.
drilling stood up to Big Oil and won. What a victory Additionally, we extend a special thanks to the 24
for our environment, our economy, and the future of cities and counties that passed resolutions opposing
our coast.” offshore drilling, the citizen groups SODA POP and
For ten years, the Conservation League has de- Don’t Drill SC Lowcountry, the Southern Environ-
livered the message: Protect our coast from risky mental Law Center, Oceana, Southern Alliance for
offshore drilling, which threatens our tourism econ- Clean Energy, Conservation Voters of South Caro-
omy and the marine life and natural resources on the lina, South Carolina Wildlife Federation, the South
South Carolina coast. We advocated at city council Carolina Environmental Law Project, and all of the
meetings, the State House and in Congress. We met other individuals, businesses, groups, and leaders
with business leaders, BOEM regulators, and local that spoke out and stood up for our treasured coast.
Dana Beach
Dana Beach
Richard Beck
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 21B O A R D U P D AT E S
WELCOME TO OUR NEW NEW BOARD MEMBERS
BOARD CHAIR
Two new members were
Margot Rose was recently elected to the Conservation
elected as Chair of the Board League Board of Directors at
of Directors of the Coast- the November meeting, Steve
al Conservation League. Dopp and Cynthia (Cynnie)
Margot’s election follows the Kellogg.
resignation of Chair Andrea Steve is currently the owner
Cooper, who left to become of the Francis Marion Hotel in
the Executive Director of our downtown Charleston and has
sister conservation organiza- devoted his time to restoring it
tion, Upstate Forever, located and other historic properties.
in Greenville. Previously, He has worked diligently to
Margot served on the Board of The Ethel Walker School in support Conservation League
Simsbury, Connecticut for twelve years, five as its Presi- efforts to regulate cruise ships
dent. In Charleston she has served on the Boards of Historic in the Charleston Harbor.
Charleston Foundation, the School of the Building Arts and Cynnie is a long-time con-
the Charlestowne Neighborhood Association. Margot, and her servationist in her home state
husband, Boykin, reside in Charleston with their dog, Cooper. of New Jersey and now here as
a part-time resident of South
Carolina.
NEW GROWFOOD ADVISORY We are grateful for their in-
BOARD MEMBER volvement and commitment!
We recently welcomed
Sam Cook to the GrowFood
FAREWELL TO WILLIAM
Carolina Advisory Board. COGSWELL – BUT NOT TOO FAR!
Sam is currently the Director
of the Sustainable Forestry William Cogswell recently
Program for the Center for completed a nine-year term
Heirs’ Property Preservation, as a member of the Coastal
a nonprofit that protects Conservation League Board of
heirs’ property and promotes Directors. We thank William
its sustainable use to provide for his leadership, especially
increased economic benefit as chair of the Finance Com-
to historically under-served families through legal education mittee, and for his all he has
and services, and sustainable forestry education, technical done to support our mission.
assistance and resources. Fortunately, William will stay
involved as a member of the
Finance Committee.
I
n November, we celebrated Roy
Richards, Jr.’s service on the Board
of Directors. Members of the Board
of Directors gathered at Magnolia
Plantation to recognize his immense
contributions to the Coastal Conser-
vation League. Dana wrote new lyrics
for Moon River as a testament to Roy’s
commitment to our mission.
Thankfully, (even in spite of this
song), Roy is leading our fundraising
campaign and will stay closely involved
as a member of the Development Com-
mittee and as an advisory member of
12
22 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 5 the Executive Committee.Richard Beck
NEW STAFF
Kristy Collins Jeanne Snell
Kristy joins the Coastal Jeanne is the Conservation
Conservation League as the League’s Bookkeeper/Office
Membership and Events Manager. She has worked
Manager. Upon graduation in many administrative and
from Presbyterian College in accounting roles throughout
Clinton, SC, she immediately her career and enjoyed the
began her work in the non- Charleston Lowcountry for
profit sector with positions at more than 15 years. Jeanne
the Bair Foundation and the appreciates the wildlife
American Leprosy Missions in Greenville, SC. After relocating preserves, nature trails, and history that the area has to offer.
to Charleston, Kristy joined the development team at the Med- She is a graduate of the University of Maryland with a BS in
ical University of South Carolina. A lifelong South Carolina Business Management.
native, she is thrilled to join the Coastal Conservation League
in the effort to preserve and protect the place she calls home. Christine Gallina
Alan Hancock A native of Long Island, NY,
Christine has joined the Con-
Alan comes to the Conserva- servation League as our new
tion League as the Grassroots Receptionist. Before moving
Campaigns Manager. Pre- to Charleston, she co-owned a
viously at the Conservation popular seasonal restaurant in
Voters of South Carolina and New Hampshire – where pro-
the South Carolina Depart- viding sustainable local food,
ment of Health and Environ- green products, and recycling
mental Control, Alan is based options were her top priority. Christine has spent many years
out of our Columbia office. He volunteering and advocating for conservation issues and is
is a North Carolina native and a graduate of the University of delighted to be a new member of our community.
South Carolina, with a BA and an MA in Geography.
ROY’S SONG,
(with deepest apologies to Johnny Mercer) Four children, summer in Elejay,
back again to Spain, and Yale.
Roy Richards, running our campaign, He’s transformed the League’s attitude,
there’s not a lot of time, to waste. brightened up our mood,
We’re facing unprecedented growth, paved the way for good,
environment’s at stake, Roy Richards, and the League.
Lowcountry needs a break,
Roy Richards and the League. Two board terms, sign him up for more,
we’re happy to ignore our bylaws.
Growth pressures, can’t let them get away, We’ll keep him beyond the decade’s end,
Our landscape they will pave, tomorrow. conservation’s friend,
Protecting our quality of life, on whom we all depend,
from urban sprawl and blight, Roy Richards and the League.
Good planning for our lives,
our culture, will thrive.
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 23
13THANK YOU, 2015 DONORS
Your generous and consistent support advances the
Coastal Conservation League’s work year after year.
Together we are protecting the natural resources and
the quality of life on the South Carolina coast.
COASTAL LEGACY SOCIETY Nancy Appel
Drs. T. Brantley and Penny Arnau
Katharine Cheshire Knott**
Dr. Thomas R. Mather
Judith and Robert Bainbridge Miles F. McSweeney
The Coastal Legacy Society honors those
Ethel-Jane Westfeldt Bunting** Mr. and Mrs. Michael B. Prevost
who have provided for the Coastal Conservation
Russell and Judith Burns Ellen and Mayo Read
League through their estate plans. In the last
Charlotte Caldwell S. Kim and Patricia Reed
year, we were honored to receive new bequest
Chip and Betty Coffee Roy Richards, Jr.
notifications from eight Conservation League
Marcia Curtis** Margot T. Rose
members.
Jennifer Davis Mr. Jason A. Schall
By making a gift to the Coastal Legacy
Mr. Elliott Dodds and Ms. Dorothy D. Smith**
Society, you will join this group of extraordinary
Dr. Cynthia B. Dodds Shannyn Smith
supporters in their commitment to protect
Berryman W. Edwards Gus and Cameron Speth
the lands, waters, and quality of life in the
Carol Ervin Mr. and Mrs. John J. Tecklenburg
Lowcountry for generations. If you are
Mary C. Everts** Mr. and Mrs. Thad Timmons
interested in learning more about including
Robert W. Foster, Sr.** Sarah W. Toomer**
the Conservation League in your estate plans,
Dr. Annette G. Godow Alice and Doug Walker
please contact Shannyn Smith at 843-725-2058
Florence E. Goodwin* George W. Williams
or shannyns@scccl.org
Janis Hammett Suzan and Stephen Zoukis
We are most grateful to our Coastal Legacy
Ms. Teri Lynn Herbert
Society members – old and new – for their
Daniel Huger** ** deceased
generosity and foresight.
Katherine H. Huger
The Coastal Conservation League works very hard to ensure that all donor names are listed correctly; however, occasional
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mistakes do occur. Please contact Database Manager Nora Kravec at (843) 725-2057 with any questions or corrections.
24 C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E | S P R I N G 2 0 1 6Live Oak Society Donors giving $500 or more.
Contributions Received from January 1, 2015-December 31, 2015
$10,000+ Ms. Justine J. Nathan Dr. and Mrs. Richard B. Morawetz
National Foundation for Philanthropy GF Mr. Arnold Nemirow GF
Anonymous (5) Mr. and Mrs. Stephen M. Parks GF Mr. and Mrs. Dennis R. Nolan
Anonymous (2) GF Pathfinder Foundation, Inc. GF Patagonia, Inc.
Mr. and Mrs. Johnston Adams Mr. and Mrs. Howard Phipps, Jr. The Prudential Foundation Matching Gifts
AMG Charitable Gift Foundation Price R. and Flora A. Reid Foundation Dr. and Mrs. John H. Rashford
The Anonymous - NMF Fund Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors John M. Rivers, Jr. Foundation, Inc.
Virginia and Dana Beach Dr. and Mrs. Steven C. Rockefeller Mr. John M. Rivers, Jr. GF
Mr. J. Anderson Berly III GF SC Department of Agriculture GF Margot and Boykin Rose
The Boston Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Richard R. Schmaltz Mr. Peter Roy GF
Butler Conservation Fund, Inc. Jeffrey Schutz and Charlotte Caldwell GF Mr. and Mrs. Klaus Said
Charlotte Caldwell and Jeffrey Schutz GF Fred and Alice Stanback, Jr. Mr. Alex Shuford
Mr. Thomas W. L. Cameron Stony Point Foundation GF Libby Smith
Nancy and Billy Cave GF Ms. Bailey W. Symington Ryan and Erin Smith
Ceres Foundation, Inc. GF Turner Foundation, Inc. Mr. David Stone
The Chicago Community Foundation Jane Smith Turner Foundation GF Mr. and Mrs. T. Paul Strickler
Coastal Community Foundation of South Carolina GF Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation Mr. Thomas Taft
Community Foundation of Greenville, Inc. GF USDA Agricultural Marketing Service GF Mr. John Thompson and Ms. Julia Forster
Community Foundation of the Lowcountry, Inc. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Vanguard Charitable
Mr. and Mrs. Jamie W. Constance Mr. and Mrs. James C. Vardell III and Family Mr. and Mrs. Robert Watson
Mr. and Mrs. Edwin H. Cooper III Mr. and Mrs. David A. Westerlund GF Joe and Terry Williams
Oliver S. and Jennie R. Donaldson Charitable Trust GF WestWind Foundation Mr. and Mrs. John Winthrop
Ms. Ceara Donnelley and Mr. Nate Berry Yawkey Foundation Dr. and Ms. Louis D. Wright, Jr.
Gaylord and Dorothy Donnelley Foundation GF Stephen and Suzan Zoukis
Strachan Donnelley Family Charitable Lead Unitrust
Mrs. Vivian Donnelley $2,000-$4,999
Mr. and Mrs. P. Steven Dopp $5,000-$9,999
Mr. and Mrs. John O. Downing GF Anonymous
Mr. and Mrs. Berry Edwards Anonymous Ms. Carrie Agnew GF
The Festoon Foundation, Inc. Anonymous GF American Rivers, Inc.
Fidelity Charitable Gift Fund GF Penny and Bill Agnew Brady and Betty Anderson
Ms. Catherine H. Forrester GF Mr. David Anderson GF Ashford Advisors LLC
Foundation for the Carolinas Bank of America Charitable Gift Fund GF Rev. and Mrs. Henry E. Avent, Jr.
The Samuel Freeman Charitable Trust GF John and Jane Beach Mr. and Mrs. Dennis Baer
Larry and Nancy Fuller The Beaufort Fund of The Community Foundation Anthony and Linda Bakker GF
Laura and Steve Gates GF Benevity Henry M. Blackmer Foundation, Inc. GF
Mr. Joseph H. Gleberman The Bishop Family Foundation Mrs. Margaret N. Blackmer ** GF
The Godric Foundation Cortney and Baker Bishop Ms. Margaret P. Blackmer GF
Goldman Sachs Philanthropy Fund Employees Community Fund of Boeing GF Blackwater, LLC
Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Dan and Merrie Boone Foundation Bailey Bolen and Carol Ervin GF
Environment Mr. Daniel W. Boone III Mr. and Mrs. John Burbage
The Rev. Alanson Houghton ** Mr. and Mrs. Charles B. Chitty The By George Fund
Katy Huger The Clif Bar Family Foundation GF Elliott S. Close
Ms. Anne F. Jennings The Colbert Family Fund of the Mr. and Mrs. Richard E. Coen
Joanna Foundation Coastal Community Foundation Community Foundation of Greater Chattanooga, Inc.
Mrs. Llewellyn H. Kassebaum The Community Foundation for Mr. Edward Crawford
Peter R. and Cynthia K. Kellogg Foundation GF The National Capital Region Mr. and Mrs. John Crawford
Mr. and Mrs. Charles G. Lane Mr. and Mrs. Edward H. Daniell Chris Crolley
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh C. Lane, Jr. Dorothy R. Donnelley Charitable Lead Trust GF Dr. and Mrs. William F. Crosswell
Mills Bee Lane Foundation Ms. Laura Donnelley Colin Cuskley and Sally Cuskley
Mr. and Mrs. George Lodge Naomi Donnelley and Joseph Butler GF Mr. and Mrs. Michael F. Daly
Mr. T. Cartter Lupton II GF Martin and Kathy Dudley Ms. Jennifer Davis
Mr. Allen Mast GF Katharine and Winslow Hastie Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. Eaton
Mr. and Mrs. Michael G. McShane Mark Joye Ms. Carol B. Ervin GF
The Meadows Charitable Trust Mr. William Kennard and Ms. Deborah Kennedy James L. Ferguson
Mertz Gilmore Foundation Linda Ketner Mr. and Mrs. Walter L. Foulke
Jerry and Caroline Milbank Mrs. John E. Masaschi Mr. and Mrs. Richard Garbee
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Miller Mr. and Mrs. W. Wallace McDowell, Jr. Google
Mr. and Mrs. Edward C. Mitchell, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. James R. McNab, Jr. Half-Moon Outfitters GF
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Mr. and Mrs. James J. Murren Mr. and Mrs. Charles Meier Edwin and Ellen Harley Family Fund
S P R I N G 2 0 1 6 | C O A S T A L C O N S E R VA T I O N L E A G U E 25You can also read
