Tinkle Tinkle, Little Stars! Toilet Training Tips and Tricks
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Tinkle Tinkle, Little Stars!
Toilet Training Tips and Tricks
Anissa N. Moore, M.Ed., BCBA, LBA
Board Certified Behavior Analyst
Educational / Behavioral Consultant
TX Certified Gen Ed/Spec Ed/EE/Admin
anissamoorebcba@gmail.com
Anissamoore.com
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
Agenda for Today’s Session
• Intro
• Readiness Skills and Research
• Data Collection Methods
• Procedures
• Reinforcement
• Troubleshooting
• Q and A / Wrap up
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
The “Bottom Line” of the Starting
Line
• Check for readiness skills
• Take baseline data
• Plan your strategies and reinforcers
• Start your training
• Be consistent
• Be PATIENT
• Go back to basics when needed
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
The Real PP:
Patience
Persistence
Praise
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
Readiness Skills
(NOTE: A child does not need to have all skills to start the potty
process! )
•Awareness of wet or soiled condition.
•Ability to communicate if wet or dry.
•Recognizes the urge to eliminate before it occurs.
•Ability to remain dry for periods of two hours or
more.
•Motor skills to go to the bathroom and sit on the
toilet for approximately 3-5 minutes.
•Basic dressing skills.
•Cognitive understanding of the process and
motivation or desire to be independent.
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
Some Stats:
Of 482 healthy toddlers between 18 and 30 months:
• 4% of the children were potty trained by age 2
• 22% by 2½
• 60% by age 3
• 88% by 3½
• 2% were not trained at 4 years old
• Boys tend to train later than girls; 48% of boys
were not trained until after age 3, compared to
30% of girls.
• In 1940’s, average trained age was 18 months
• In 1980’s, average trained age was 28-32 months
• Today, average is about 36-42 months
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
“Typical” Protocols and Research-
based Methods
• Barton Schmitt Protocol (AAP endorsed/gradual,
parent led)
• Infant potty training
• Child-oriented potty training
• Toilet training in less than a day and other "fast
track" methods
• The "bare-bottom" method
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
Group Discussion
Why is potty-training so hard?
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
Other factors to consider when starting
(or re-starting) toilet training
•Don’t expect a child to respond to all
steps of the toileting process
“automatically.”
•Are all household family members
involved or willing to become involved?
•Is there stability in the home and
classroom?
•Are there medical conditions to
consider?
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
Already started and
having problems?
Start with the data!
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Take data on child’s natural
voiding habits for at least 10
days
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Form courtesy of Northside ISD
Procedural Techniques
1) Collect baseline data on voiding patterns
2) Determine self-help skills the child already has
3) Choose high-end reinforcers and have ‘em
ready! (use principle of R+ deprivation)
4) Have visual supports, transition markers, “wait”
boxes, and toileting schedule ready
5) Take child on a schedule that is slightly less
than their voiding pattern (ex. if child can “hold
it” for av. 2 ½ hours, take them on a 2-hr
schedule to start)
6) Reinforce behaviors of sitting/waiting/steps
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019School-to-Home/Home-to-School
• Communicate current self-help baseline
skills, previous attempts at toilet-training,
and highest-value reinforcement (R+)
• Discuss procedures, frequency schedule,
visual supports needed, transition words
• Be CONSISTENT in toileting language to
child, R+, redirection, and response to
accidents
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Reinforcement Rules
• Rule #1: Don’t expect it to stick if you don’t
reinforce it!
• Highly motivating for child (not adult!)
• Immediate and individualized
– No “vanilla” reinforcement!
• Deprivation of specific reinforcer in non-
toileting areas/activities
• Always pair tangible/edible reinforcer with
verbal praise
• Use SPECIFIC verbal praise
“Whoo-hoo, you pee-peed in the potty!”
• Rule #1 (because it’s so good it’s worth
repeating again): reinforce it!
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Social Stories/Visuals
“Peeing and Pooping in the Toilet”
“My Job in the Bathroom”
“Flushing the Toilet”
“Standing to Pee”
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Children’s Books**
For Older Students
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Songs
• “Push it out, Push it out, WAY OUT!”
• “Pee Pee in the Potty, Pee Pee in the Potty!”
• “I just want to Potty all the time, Potty all the
time, Potty all the time!”
• POOP, there it is! POOP, there it is!
• “Let it go! Let it go! I need to make pee-pee go!”
• “Can’t stop the feeling, let’s pee! Can’t stop the
feeling, let’s pee!” ---Anissa Moore
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Troubleshooting Common Problems
•Resists being cleaned
•Bad aim
•Retaining when diaper is removed
•Student will sit but does not void
•Too anxious to relax and void
•Student will only void in one bathroom
•Resists sitting on the toilet
•Afraid of flushing
•Overly interested in flushing
•Playing in water
•Playing with toilet paper
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Sensory and Environmental Supports
• For the sensory-seeker:
• Favorite music/video (reserve for this area only!)
• Aromatherapy that is alerting and stimulating
(peppermint, eucalyptus),
• Favorite wind-up or action toys
• Bright lights and stim toys as reinforcers for sitting
on the potty or getting into the bathroom
• For the sensory-avoider:
• Padded toilet seats to decrease cold
• Dim or turn off lights; lamps vs. overhead lights
• Aromatherapy that is calming (lavender,
chamomile)
• Pad the floors or provide ear buds or headphones
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Fun Stuff /
“Extras”
NOTE/DISCLAIMER: An iPad potty chair is
not necessary for FAPE unless proven in
the IEP!! Teachers, these chairs may also
not be included when negotiating ATPE
disputes or teacher bonuses
The following apps or products may add
additional visual clarity when working on toilet
training, or assist parents or teachers with other
behavior-related challenges
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Potty Training Apps for Kids
and Adults
https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/
parenting/g25727558/potty-training-
apps/
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Copyright Anissa Moore 2019
Equipment and Supports for Physical
Impairments – Go through OT/PT
• http://hubpages.com/health/Adaptive-Equipment-for-
Children-with-Cerebral-Palsy
• http://www.rifton.com/products/bathing-and-toileting-
systems
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Good Resources
• Toilet Training for Individuals with Autism or other Developmental
Issues, 2nd edition (Maria Wheeler)
• http://www.oneplaceforspecialneeds.com/main/library_toilet_training.ht
ml
• www.flowgo.com
• www.pottypatty.com
• www.pottyscotty.com
• http://www.askdrsears.com/
• http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/children/parents/toilet/17
9.html
• http://www.pottytrainingconcepts.com/
• http://www.drpotty.com/
• http://www.parentingscience.com/potty-training-techniques.html
• http://www.autismtoday.com/articles/potty_training.htm
• http://www.parentingscience.com/potty-training-
techniques.html#sthash.LjkBu9QH.dpuf
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019Remember:
Children are ultimately in
control of their success
as they are in control of
their bodily functions.
Adults offer strategies
and support, but the
kids have to physically
do the work!
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019References
• Azrin NH and Foxx RM. 1974. Toilet training in less than a day. New York: Pocket
Books.
• Brazelton TB 1962. A child oriented approach to toilet training. Pediatrics, 29: 121-
128.
• Brazelton TB and Sparrow JD. 2004. Toilet training the Brazelton way. Cambridge,
MA: deCapo Press.
• Colaco M, Johnson K, Schneider D, Barone J. 2013. Toilet training method is not
related to dysfunctional voiding. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 52(1):49-53.
• Crane, T. 2006. Potty Train Your Child in Just One Day: Proven Secrets of the Potty
Pro. Fireside.
• Joinson C, Heron J, Von Gontard A, Butler U, Emond A, Golding J. 2009. A
prospective study of age at initiation of toilet training and subsequent daytime bladder
control in school-age children. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 30(5):385-93.
• Pantley E. 2006. The No-Cry Potty Training Solution: Gentle Ways to Help Your Child
Say Good-Bye to Diapers. New York: McGraw Hill.
• Parpia N. 2006. Potty Training in One Day: A Guide for Today's Parents. Mom
Innovations.
• Schmidt BA. 2004a. Toilet training: Getting it right the first time. Contemporary
Pediatrics, 21: 105-119.
• Schmidt BA. 2004b. Toilet training problems: Underachievers, refusers, and stool
holders. Contemporary Pediatrics, 21: 71-82.
Copyright Anissa Moore 2019For questions, comments,
or more information:
Anissa Moore, M.Ed., BCBA, LBA
Educational / Behavioral Consultant
(210) 823-4780
anissamooreBCBA@gmail.com
anissamoore.com
Anissa Moore Educational
And Behavioral Consulting
Twitter: @anissamoorebcbaYou can also read
