PRELIMS 16.02.2023 - Aram IAS Academy
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PRELIMS 16.02.2023
INDEX
S.No News Source
1 LEAD POISONING DTE
2 G20 CULTURE GROUP MEETING TH
3 INDO-TIBETAN BORDER POLICE TH
4 ALSO IN NEWS DTE, The
Indian Express
CONTEXT:
1. LEAD POISONING
Lead poisoning is a huge public health concern for India.
LEAD POISONING
ü Despite the awareness, lead toxicity continues to be a public health concern. Half the
children in India report high blood lead levels, reveals a 2020 report by the UN
Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and Pure Earth, a US-based environmental health non-
profit.
ü The report says 275 million children in India record blood lead levels of beyond the
tolerable limit of 5 µg/dL. Of these, 64.3 million children’s blood lead levels exceed
10 µg/dL.
ü In terms of average blood lead levels among the population, some 23 states exceed the
5 µg/dL margin; levels in the remaining 13 states and Union Territories cannot be
determined as there is a lack of research and screening mechanisms to collect data.
ü Bihar (average blood lead level of 10.42 µg/dL), Uttar Pradesh (8.67 µg/dL), Madhya
Pradesh (8.32 µg/dL), Jharkhand (8.15 µg/dL), Chhattisgarh (7.46 µg/dL) and Andhra
Pradesh (7.14 µg/dL) account for 40 per cent of the population with high blood lead
levels.
ü Lead toxicity in India contributes to 4.6 million Disability-Adjusted Life Yea rs
(number of years lost due to disease burden) and 165,000 deaths annually.
IMPACT OF LEAD POISONING
ü Once lead enters the blood stream, it goes directly to the brain, particularly so in
children. This is because there is no specific blood-brain barrier for lead that can
restrict movement of the metal. During pregnancy, if the woman consumes lead in
some form, there is no placental barrier either, so the lead is transferred to the foetus
ü In a newborn, lead poisoning can result in premature birth, low birth weight and slow
growth. In children and adults, it can cause anaemia as well as neurological, skeletal
and neuromuscular illnesses.
ü The UNICEF-Pure Earth report says children with elevated blood lead levels scored
three-five points lower on intelligence tests. This permanent damage (affects) a
child’s brain development and central nervous system, (causing) reduced intelligence,
attention deficit disorders and lower educational attainment
2. G20 CULTURE GROUP MEETING
CONTEXT:
The first G20 Culture Working Group (CWG) meet, to be held in Khajuraho, will be themed
around the protection and restitution of cultural property. More than 125 delegates will attend
the meeting.
KHAJURAHO
ü Khajuraho is an ancient city known for its magnificent temples ( Mandir ) and
intricate sculptures. The city is located in the Chattarpur district of Madhya Pradesh
and holds spellbinding historical tales and architectural grandeurs.
ü As per the historical archives, the Khajuraho temple site had 85 temples during the
12th century spread over 20 square kilometres. Among these, only 25 temples have
survived the course of time, spread over six square kilometres.
ü The Khajuraho Group of Monuments is a UNESCO World Heritage Site which was
constructed by the Chandela Dynasty between 950-1050 AD.
ü These monuments are built in Nagara-style architecture and ornamented with intricate
and detailed sculptures.
ü The monuments include Hindu and Jain
3.
CONTEXT:
INDO-TIBETAN BORDER POLICE
The Union Cabinet approved decisions — raising of seven new ITBP battalions
INDO-TIBETAN BORDER POLICEü The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) is a border patrol organization of India
deployed along its borders with Tibet Autonomous Region.
ü It is one of the seven Central Armed Police Forces, established in 1962 in the
aftermath of the Sino-Indian War of 1962.
ü It is a specialized mountain force and most of the officers and men are professionally
trained mountaineers and skiers.
ü ITBP was initially raised under the CRPF Act. However, in 1992, parliament enacted
the ITBPF Act and the rules there under were framed in 1994.
ü The motto of the Force: “Shaurya-Dridhata-Karma Nishtha” (Valour – Determination
– Devotion to Duty).
ü It is headed by an IPS officer and is under the administrative control of the Ministry
of Home Affairs (MHA).
ü Presently, battalions of ITBP are deployed on border guarding duties from Karakoram
Pass in Ladakh to Diphu La in Arunachal Pradesh, covering 3,488 km of the Indo-
China Border.
ITBP IS A MULTI-DIMENSIONAL FORCE WHICH PRIMARILY HAS 5
FUNCTIONS:
o Vigil on the northern borders, detection and prevention of border violations,
and promotion of the sense of security among the local populace.
o Check illegal immigration and trans-border smuggling.
o Provide security to sensitive installations and threatened VIPs
o Restore and preserve order in any area in the event of a disturbance.
o To maintain peace.4. ALSO IN NEWS
THWAITES GLACIER ü Thwaites Glacier, nicknamed the Doomsday Glacier,
is an unusually broad and vast Antarctic glacier
flowing into Pine Island Bay, part of the Amundsen
Sea, east of Mount Murphy, on the Walgreen Coast of
Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica
ü It is 120 km wide at its broadest.
ü It loses more than 50 billion tons of ice to the ocean
yearly, contributing to about 4% of the annual sea
level rise.
ü The glacier holds enough water to raise global sea
levels by 65 centimeters.
ü It also acts as a buffer, holding back neighboring
glaciers that contain around three meters of potential
sea level rise.
PARHAIYAS ü Parhaiya is one of the nine Particularly Vulnerable
Tribal Groups (PVTGs) of Jharkhand state.
ü Theyaremainly concentrated in Latehar and Palamau districts of Jharkhand state. ü The name Parahiya literally means "the burners of the forest" or "hill dweller." ü The Parahiya people rely on the forest for their sustenance. ü The majority of the Parahiya people work on collecting various types of forest produce such as roots, fruits and leaves and sell them at the local markets. ü Hunting is also one of the major sources of income.
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