PESTICIDE CONTROLS IN THE BRAZILIAN (SÃO PAULO STATE) ORANGE PLANTATION - SGF/IRMA Conference South America 2013 | Atibaia, Brazil
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PESTICIDE CONTROLS IN THE
BRAZILIAN (SÃO PAULO STATE)
ORANGE PLANTATION
SGF/IRMA Conference South America
2013 | Atibaia, Brazil
March 26, 2013
Antonio Carlos Gonçalves| Technical Committee Chairman
World Fresh Orange Production
World Major Orange Producers
40%
36.2%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15.6% 16.0%
15% 13.6%
10.9%
10% 7.6%
5%
0%
Brazil United States China EU-27 Mexico Others
Source: USDA (2012/2013)
2
Main Exporters and Main Brazilian OJ Importers
Main OJ Exporters
1% 2%
4%
5%
Brazil
7%
United States
Mexico
EU-27
South Africa
81% Other
Main Brazilian OJ Importers
Source: USDA 3%
6%
European
2% 6%
Union
United States
12% Switzerland
71%
Japan
China
Others
Source: Secex (2012)
3Pesticide Controls
The Pesticide control in the orange juice industry (São Paulo)
considers the following aspects:
• 1. Legislation
• 2. Fruit Purchasing Contract
• 3. Grove inspection
• 4. Analytical tests
4Pesticide Controls ‐ Legislation
• Official list used is more restrictive than the official Brazilian one
• Regular update considering the changes on the international
legislation from the OJ importing countries
• Work of a specific Committee inside a Citrus Fruit Organization
related to its health
• Work with the Pesticide manufacturers in order to obtain
special use permission via Import Tolerance
5Pesticide Controls – Legislation
Agrofit x PIC‐Fundecitrus
PRINCÍPIO ATIVO AGROFIT FUNDECITRUS
abamectina PRESENTE PRESENTE
acefato PRESENTE ‐
acetamiprido PRESENTE PRESENTE
acetato de (E)‐8‐dodecenila PRESENTE ‐
acibenzolar‐S‐metílico PRESENTE ‐
ácido giberélico PRESENTE ‐ AGROFIT
ácido 4‐indol‐3‐ilbutírico PRESENTE ‐ 110 defensivos ativos
acrinatrina PRESENTE PRESENTE
aldicarbe PRESENTE PRESENTE
ametrina PRESENTE ‐
FUNDECITRUS
54 defensivos ativos
amitraz PRESENTE ‐
azadiractina PRESENTE ‐
azociclotina PRESENTE ‐
azoxistrobina PRESENTE PRESENTE
Bacillus thuringiensis PRESENTE PRESENTE
beta‐ciflutrina PRESENTE PRESENTE
bifentrina PRESENTE PRESENTE
Fonte: MAPA (2010); FUNDECITRUS (2010)
6Pesticide Controls – Legislation
Agrochemical Committee
• Fundecitrus Agrochemical Committee developed a Pesticide list of authorized actives for use in the Citrus
Integrated Production (PIC), a program from the Agriculture Ministry related to good agriculture practices.
The list is dynamic. New registered products for citrus in Brazil can be added at any time if they are legal in the
importing countries (such as the EU, the USA and Japan) for the juice and fruit. Products can also be removed
from the list in May, so that the growers may adapt their buying and use process.
The list was elaborated with the approval of the Agriculture Ministry, Health Ministry and Pesticide
manufacturers.
The Agrochemical Committee is composed by technicians from:
‐ Apta Regional/Colina;
‐ Apta Citros Center/Cordeirópolis;
‐ Experimental Station/Bebedouro;
‐ Embrapa;
‐ Fundecitrus;
‐ GCONCI;
‐ GTACC;
‐ Gravena Ltda;
‐ Coopercitrus;
‐ Orange Juice Industry.
7Pesticide Controls – Legislation
International legislation follow‐up ‐ Fonte: FUNDECITRUS; USDA; EURLEX; JETRO; CODEX
8Pesticide Controls – Legislation
European legislation
• The EC Regulation 1107/2009, that replaced the European Directive 91/414/EC , presents the list
of active ingredients already evaluated by the Europan Commission;
• The actives approved for use in the member states were included on Annex II or III from this
Regulation;
• The “Pending" actives are the ones not yet evaluated;
• The "Out" actives are the ones already evaluated and not approved to be included in this
Directive;
• The "Out‐Res." actives are the ones already evaluated, not approved, but were asked for
evaluation by the manufacturers;
• The Regulation 396/2005/EC establishes the MRL’s for use in the EC country members. Some
actives, even not approved for use in the EU, may have MRL’s established for imported products.
9Pesticide Controls – Fruit Purchasing Contract
• It includes a specific chapter related to Pesticides
• It includes the list of permitted pesticides for use and
information on quarentine
• It includes a reference to Fundecitrus website in order to
guarantee the use of the most updated list
10Pesticide Controls – Grove Inspection
• Industry own groves keep specific and complete control/data
regarding Pesticides uses
• Third part groves are regularly visited for a documental check
regarding pesticides use
11Pesticide Controls – Analytical Tests
• Delivered fruit is sampled and analytical tests are done
according to a sampling plan
• Products (juice, oils, pellets) are regularly tested in order to:
‐ Evaluate risks of finding residues
‐ have certificates to show performance to our customers
12Good News
• Agrochemicals not poisonous
News from March 5th, 2013 | 2h 05
free translation from part of the article (with permission)
Author: Xico Graziano
• Xico Graziano is an agronomist and ex. Environmental Secretary
for São Paulo State
• . E‐mail: xicograziano@terra.com.br.
13Good News
• Pests and Diseases are threats for the productivity in the farms
around the world. In the fight against them, growers use
agriculture defensives that may affect the environment.
• Would it be possible to practice an agriculture without
agrochemicals? Very difficult.
• The first generation of chlorinated agrochemicals, persistent in
the environment, was banned in the world and is prohibited in
Brazil since 1985.
• It started a need for an agronomical prescription for the sale of
agrochemicals. The idea was the correct and adequate the use,
not to prohibit these actives for an agriculture with quality
14Good News
• Thanks to the technological development, in the last 40 years it
was observed a 90% reduction on the average pesticide doses
applyed on the groves.
• The agrochemicals are more specific, less dangerous to the
environment and bring lower risks to the workers.
• These are molecules that act exclusively on the insect
metabolism, selective to the pest without destroying the natural
predators or the good insects or the other animals, being
environmentally not poisonous.
15• We still have food “contamination” with traditional
agrochemicals.
• However, the problem is different from the past when
carcinogenic residues were present on the collected samples.
• Rarely it is found chemical residues above the tolerance limits.
• Summary of the story: in the scale required by the population,
the farms will always need pesticides against organisms that
attack them. What is important is to have a health food.
• > That’s why a good control is fundamental
16Antonio Carlos Gonçalves
Technical Committee
Chairman
Brazilian Association of Citrus Exporters
www.citrusbr.com/en/ | citrusbr@citrusbr.comYou can also read
