Austria Country Fact Sheet - Government at a Glance 2017 - OECD.org
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Government at a Glance 2017 www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm Country Fact Sheet Austria The fiscal deficit in Austria has decreased below the OECD average After experiencing a 5.4% deficit in 2009, fiscal consolidation has brought the deficit to 1.1% of GDP in 2015, while the OECD average deficit reached 2.8% of the GDP. This is also reflected by the state of the primary balance, which measures the overall balance excluding net interest payments on government debt, as it reached a surplus of 0.8% of GDP in 2015. In 2016, the deficit increased slightly to 1.6% of GDP and the primary balance fell to a surplus of 0.1% of GDP. However, the structural primary balance is expected to remain positive in 2017 and 2018. Chapter 2. Public finance and economics General government fiscal balance as a percentage of GDP General government primary balance and net interest spending as a percentage of GDP General government structural primary balance as a percentage of potential GDP General government projected structural primary balance as a percentage of potential GDP Austria has one of the most comprehensive performance budgeting frameworks among OECD countries The framework was introduced as part of far reaching budget reforms in 2013 which sought to improve budgetary decision-making. In particular, the reforms focussed on designing the federal budget as a compre- hensive steering instrument for resources, outputs and outcomes. These reforms are one of the reasons why, between 2011 and 2016 Austria improved the most on the OECD performance budgeting indicator among all OECD countries. Chapter 5. Budgeting practices and procedures Features of performance budgeting framework Use of performance budgeting practices at the central level of government The share of women occupying cabinet positions fell below OECD average Between 2015 and 2017 the share of women ministers in Austria decreased from 31% to 23%, while the av- erage among all OECD countries remained around 28%. During this period, the share of women parliamen- tarians in Austria remained above the OECD average, reaching 31% in 2017 while the OECD average was 29%. At the same time in the federal civil service 29% of senior civil servants are women, slightly below the OECD average of 33%. Chapter 3. Public employment and pay Share of women ministers Share of women parliamentarians and legislated gender quotas Share of public sector employment filled by women
How to read the figures: Range of OECD country Values have been rounded. Country value in blue Average of OECD countries values in grey n.a. refers to (not represented if not available) in red Austria data not available Public Finance and Economics Fiscal balance* Government expenditures Government investment Government gross debt* (2015, 2016) (2015, 2016) (2015, 2016) (2015) % of GDP % of GDP % of GDP % of GDP 101.1% 100% -1.6% -1.1% Austria Austria Austria 0% 51.1% 3.0% 2016 Austria 2015 2016 2016 40.9% 3.2% 112% 100% -2.8% 51.7% 3.0% 2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 0% -10% -5% 0% +5% +10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250% Source: OECD Source: OECD * See Notes National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts * SNA definition, see Notes National Accounts Public Employment General government employment Women in the civil service ... Percentage of central government as % of total employment (2015) employees aged 55 years or older 44.9% 53.0% Austria (2015) 15.9% Austria Austria 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% ... and in senior positions (2015) 28.8% 32.4% 26.1% 24.9% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% G@G /data Austria 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 18.1% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Source: OECD (2016) Survey on the Composition of the workforce in Source: OECD (2016) Survey on the Composition of the workforce in Source: OECD National Accounts Central/federal Governments Central/federal Governments Public Sector Compensation Annual compensation across central government positions (2015) Secretarial Senior Middle Managers Senior Managers Positions Professionals (D3 positions) (D1 positions) 2015 USD PPP Austria 450,000 300,000 231,500 201,200 94,600 121,200 134,500 26 150,000 88,700 50,400 52,700 Source: OECD (2016) Survey on the compensation of employees in central / federal governments
Human Resource Management Composite indicators on HRM practices in central government (2016) Extent of the use Use of separate Extent of delegation of performance Extent of the use HRM practices Collection of HRM practices assessments of performance for senior of administrative in line ministries in HR decisions related pay civil servants data Composite index 1 from 0 lowest to 1 highest 0.68 0.70 0.68 0.75 0.62 0.64 0.64 0.66 0.65 0.55 Austria 0.49 0.50 0.25 0 Source: OECD (2016) Strategic Human Resources Management Survey Budgeting Regulatory governance Performance budgeting Composite indices on regulatory governance for primary laws* practices at the central level (2014) of government (2016) Stakeholder Regulatory Impact 1 engagement in Assessment for Ex post evaluation developing regulations developing regulations of regulations 0.58 0.8 Composite index from 0 lowest to 4 highest 4 Austria 3 0.6 2.50 Composite index Austria 2.09 2.05 1.88 from 0 lowest to 1 highest 0.4 2 1.54 Women in Government 1.36 0.2 1 0.41 0 0 Source: OECD (2016) Survey of Performance Budgeting * See Notes Source: OECD Indicators of Regulatory Policy and Governance (iREG) Public Procurement General government Strategic public procurement - Objectives procurement expenditures G@G /data (2016) (2015) % of government expenditures Support for green Support for Support for innovative public procurement SMEs goods and services Austria Austria 26.1% 29.1% 11 25 1 0 8 24 0 1 9 19 0 6 Some procuring entities have developed an internal strategy/policy A strategy/policy has been developed at a central level 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% A strategy/policy has been rescinded There has never been a strategy/policy in place Source: OECD National Accounts G@G /data Source: OECD (2016) Survey on Public Procurement
Open Data Digital Government OURdata Index: Individuals using the Internet for sending filled Open, Useful, Reusable Government Data forms via public authorities websites (2017) in the past 12 months (2016) Composite index: from 0 lowest to 1 highest Austria Austria 1.0 1.0 Government 0.68 0.55 support 0.8 0.8 to re-use 0.6 0.6 Data 33.0% 35.6% accessibility 0.4 0.4 Data availability 0.2 0.2 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 0.0 0.0 Source: OECD (2017) Survey on Open Government Data Source: OECD, ICT database; and Eurostat, Information Society database Core Government Results Satisfaction and confidence across public services Differences in income inequality pre and post-tax (2016) and government transfers (2013) % of citizens expressing confidence/satisfaction 0.6 0.6 Higher Higher inequality inequality National government 0.5 0.50 0.47 0.5 43% 42% 0.4 fers nsf ers 0.4 100 trans tra Austria nd sand es a axe tax t 80 Austria 0.3 0.28 0.32 0.3 60 Lower Lower Police 40 Health care inequality 0.2 0.2 inequality 86% 77% 88% 70% Before After Before After 20 Source: OECD Income Distribution Database Average Limited government powers (2016) Range Judicial system Education system 0.86 0.75 68% 55% 72% 67% Austria 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Source: Gallup World Poll Source: The World Justice Project Notes Fiscal balance as reported in the System of National Accounts (SNA) framework, also referred to as net lending (+) or net borrowing (-) of government, is calculated as total government revenues minus total government expenditures. Regulatory governance indicators: The results for stakeholder engagement and Regulatory Impact Assessment apply exclusively to processes for developing primary laws initiated by the executive. Data is not applicable to the United States, where all primary laws are initiated by Congress. In the majority of countries, most primary laws are initiated by the executive, except for Mexico and Korea, where a higher share of primary laws are initiated by parliament/ congress (respectively 90.6% and 84%). Government gross debt is reported according to the SNA definition, which differs from the definition applied under the Maastricht Treaty. It is defined as all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. All debt instruments are liabilities, but some liabilities such as shares, equity and financial derivatives are not debt. Government at a Glance 2017 Government at a Glance provides readers with a dashboard of key indicators assembled with the goal of contributing to the analysis and international comparison of public sector productivity and performance. Indicators on government revenues, expenditures, and employment are presented, alongside key output and outcome data for education, health and justice. Information on key enablers to increase productivity including on digital government, budget procedures, strategic human resource management, open government data and innovative practices are also included. In a context of tight budget constraints in many member countries, good indicators are needed more than ever, in order to help governments make informed decisions regarding resource allocation and to help restore confidence in government institutions. The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and figures in Government at a Glance 2017 are available via the StatLinks provided throughout the publication: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/gov_glance-2017-en For more information on the data (including full methodology and figure notes) and to consult all other Country Fact Sheets: www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm
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