A SYMPOSIUM ON THE SOUTH & WORLD WAR I - Lander University
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A SYMPOSIUM ON
THE SOUTH &
WORLD WAR I
Bringing together accomplished scholars
— historians, curators and archivists —
as well as citizens and students to explore
the impact of WWI on the South.
MARCH 14-15, 2019 | LANDER UNIVERSITY
WWW.LANDER.EDU/WW1
MADE POSSIBLE BY A GRANT FROM: WITH SUPPORT FROM:TIME OF TRADITION AND TRANSITION:
A SYMPOSIUM ON THE SOUTH AND WORLD WAR I
MARCH 14-15, 2019 | LANDER UNIVERSITY
Welcome to Lander University’s Time of Tradition and Transition: A Symposium on
the South and World War I, which aims to further our understanding of how World
War I affected the South in this centennial year of the war’s conclusion.
This two-day symposium is made possible by a grant from S.C. Humanities,
in partnership with Lander University. The grant allows Lander to bring
accomplished historians and local citizens together for an in-depth look at how
WWI affected the South’s culture, economy and politics.
The Symposium will include panel discussions by experts on the roles of women
in the war effort and in the economy; the U.S. military and foreign policy; race
relations; agriculture and food culture; and the South’s economy and later
economic development. Evening plenary sessions with historians and citizens
involved in debates about historic preservation will address topics about
Greenwood and the Upstate of South Carolina, as well as across the South,
highlighting economic, social and political transformations during the war and
after its end. Finally, students from Lander University and Presbyterian College will
present their research.
ABOUT S.C. HUMANITIES
The mission of South Carolina Humanities is to enrich the cultural and intellectual
lives of all South Carolinians. This not-for-profit organization presents and/or
supports literary initiatives, lectures, exhibits, festivals, publications, oral history
projects, videos and humanities-based experiences that reach more than
250,000 citizens annually.
South Carolina Humanities receives funding from the National Endowment for
the Humanities, as well as corporate, foundation and individual donors. It is
governed by a volunteer Board of Directors comprised of community leaders
from throughout the state.SYMPOSIUM PARTICIPANTS PROJECT DIRECTOR • Dr. Lucas McMillan, Dean, College of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Lander University PRIMARY SPEAKERS • Dr. Angela Jill Cooley, Associate Professor of History, Minnesota State University, Mankato • Dr. Matthew L. Downs, Associate Professor of History, University of Mobile • Dr. M. Ryan Floyd, Associate Professor of History, Lander University • Dr. Keith P. Gorman, Assistant Dean for Special Collections and University Archives, UNC Greensboro • Dr. Fritz P. Hamer, Curator and Archivist, South Carolina Confederate Relic Room and Military Museum • Dr. Janet G. Hudson, Historian; Past President, S.C. Historical Association • Dr. Kathryn M. Silva, Assistant Professor of History, Claflin University • Ms. Kathelene McCarty Smith, Instruction and Outreach Archivist, UNC Greensboro • Dr. Courtney Tollison, Assistant Professor of History, Furman University PANEL MODERATORS AND DISCUSSANTS • Ms. April Akins, Archivist, Lander University • Dr. Joel Cleland, Professor of History, Emeritus, Lander University • Dr. Franklin Rausch, Associate Professor of History, Lander University • Dr. Stefan Wiecki, Associate Professor of History, Presbyterian College • Dr. Lloyd Willis, Associate Professor of English, Lander University • Dr. Kevin Witherspoon, Professor of History, Lander University • Mr. T. Jason Whitley, Graduate Student in History, Clemson University PANELISTS • Mr. D. Welborn Adams, Former Mayor of Greenwood; Attorney, Tinsley & Adams • Mr. P. Dale Kittles, Veteran, American Legion Post 20 Member • The Rev. Christopher B. Thomas, Director, Dr. Benjamin E. Mays Historical Preservation Site • Mr. Trey Ward, President, John Ward Painting
SCHEDULE OF EVENTS THURSDAY, MARCH 14, 2019 12:30-1:45 p.m. Women, Patriotism and WWI Abney Cultural Center Auditorium Panelists: Dr. Keith Gorman, Dr. Janet Hudson, Dr. Kathryn Silva, Ms. Kathelene Smith; Moderator: Ms. April Akins 2:00-3:15 p.m. The U.S. Military, Foreign Policy and WWI Abney Cultural Center Auditorium Panelists: Dr. Ryan Floyd, Dr. Keith Gorman, Dr. Fritz Hamer, Dr. Courtney Tollison; Moderator: Dr. Stefan Wiecki 3:30-4:45 p.m. Race Relations in the South and WWI Abney Cultural Center Auditorium Panelists: Dr. Jill Cooley, Dr. Matthew Downs, Dr. Janet Hudson, Dr. Kathryn Silva; Moderator: Dr. Kevin Witherspoon 6:00-7:30 p.m. Local Stories: WWI, Greenwood and the S.C. Upstate Abney Cultural Center Auditorium Panelists: Mr. Welborn Adams, Mr. Dale Kittles, Mr. Trey Ward, Dr. Keith Gorman, Rev. Christopher Thomas, Dr. Courtney Tollison; Moderator: Dr. Ryan Floyd FRIDAY, MARCH 15, 2019 12:30-1:45 p.m. Southern Agriculture and WWI Abney Cultural Center Auditorium Panelists: Dr. Jill Cooley, Dr. Ryan Floyd; Moderator: Dr. Lucas McMillan 2:00-3:15 p.m. The South’s Economy and WWI Abney Cultural Center Auditorium Panelists: Dr. Matthew Downs, Dr. Ryan Floyd, Dr. Jill Cooley; Moderator: Dr. Courtney Tollison 3:30-4:45 p.m. Undergraduate Presentations Carnell Learning Center, Rm. 300 Student Panelists: Collin Burnett, Presbyterian College; Jesse Sanborn, Lander University; Schuyler Williams, Lander University; Matthew Woodyard, Southern Baptist Theological Seminary and 2018 Lander Graduate; Discussants: Dr. Joel Cleland, Mr. Jason Whitley, Dr. Lloyd Willis 6:00-7:30 p.m. Stories from Across the South: How WWI Affects Our Region Abney Cultural Center Auditorium Panelists: Dr. Jill Cooley, Dr. Fritz Hamer, Dr. Janet Hudson, Dr. Kathryn Silva, Ms. Kathelene Smith; Moderator: Dr. Matthew Downs
PANEL DESCRIPTIONS WOMEN, PATRIOTISM AND WWI Thursday, March 14 | 12:30-1:45 p.m. | Abney Cultural Center Auditorium This panel showcases the roles of women during WWI and afterward to understand cultural and economic changes. It provides a case study of the work in N.C. women’s colleges and provides an overview of evolving social relationships by women and men during the early 20th century, including African-Americans who worked in textile mills. Panelists will also speak on promoting local history and mobilizing “citizen archivists.” Panelists: Dr. Keith Gorman, Dr. Janet Hudson, Dr. Kathryn Silva, Ms. Kathelene Smith; Moderator: Ms. April Akins THE U.S. MILITARY, FOREIGN POLICY AND WWI Thursday, March 14 | 2:00-3:15 p.m. | Abney Cultural Center Auditorium This panel considers the Wilson presidency and the movement toward U.S. involvement in WWI, the S.C. Council of Defense, military planning, and patriotism by women and men. Panelists will discuss the impact of the South upon the U.S. military during WWI and beyond. Panelists: Dr. Ryan Floyd, Dr. Keith Gorman, Dr. Fritz Hamer, Dr. Courtney Tollison; Moderator: Dr. Stefan Wiecki RACE RELATIONS IN THE SOUTH AND WWI Thursday, March 14 | 3:30-4:45 p.m. | Abney Cultural Center Auditorium This panel discusses white supremacy and the evolving roles of non-white persons and organizations such as the NAACP during the years before, during and after WWI. The panelists’ work has focused primarily on the history of Alabama and the Carolinas. Panelists: Dr. Jill Cooley, Dr. Matthew Downs, Dr. Janet Hudson, Dr. Kathryn Silva; Moderator: Dr. Kevin Witherspoon
EVENING PLENARY SESSION — LOCAL STORIES: WWI, GREENWOOD AND THE SOUTH CAROLINA UPSTATE Thursday, March 14 | 6:00-7:30 p.m. | Abney Cultural Center Auditorium This panel focuses upon the impacts of WWI locally, especially in race relations that emerged because of the war, and understood with how Greenwood’s war memorial connects to the S.C. Heritage Act. Mr. Adams, Mr. Kittles and Mr. Ward will discuss the court case and motivations for their actions. Rev. Thomas will offer his perspective as the coordinator for a new memorial to Dr. Benjamin E. Mays, a native of Greenwood County who became the first non-white and non-political leader to have a statue in the county. The scholars will provide analysis such that Dr. Floyd’s scholarship focuses on WWI and Southern history; Dr. Gorman studies the politics of commemoration; and Dr. Tollison is a public historian who publishes on S.C. history. Panelists: Mr. Welborn Adams, Mr. Dale Kittles, Mr. Trey Ward, Dr. Keith Gorman, Rev. Christopher Thomas, Dr. Courtney Tollison Moderator: Dr. Ryan Floyd SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE AND WWI Friday, March 15, 2019 | 12:30-1:45 p.m. | Abney Cultural Center Auditorium This panel examines cotton farming, the textile industry, food culture and regulation, food spaces, and the structural changes to farming in the South related to sharecropping and machinery, from a social, economic and political lens. Panelists: Dr. Jill Cooley, Dr. Ryan Floyd Moderator: Dr. Lucas McMillan THE SOUTH’S ECONOMY AND WWI Friday, March 15, 2019 | 2:00-3:15 p.m. | Abney Cultural Center Auditorium This panel focuses upon the manufacturing economy as well as how transportation advances in roads and seaports affected the South’s economic development, during WWI and afterward. Panelists: Dr. Matthew Downs, Dr. Ryan Floyd, Dr. Jill Cooley Moderator: Dr. Courtney Tollison
UNDERGRADUATE PRESENTATIONS
Friday, March 15, 2019 | 3:30-4:45 p.m. | Carnell Learning Center, Rm. 300
Lander University and Presbyterian College students will present research and
facilitate discussion on various topics related to WWI.
• The Pity of War: A Study of Poetry in World War I — Collin Burnett, History
and English Student, Presbyterian College
• The Impact of Camp Wadsworth — Jesse Sanborn, History Student, Lander
University
• American Non-Compliant Socialist Conscientious Objectors of WWI: A
Case Study — Schuyler Williams, History Student, Lander University
• The Role of Baptists in Greenwood, S.C., During the First World War —
Matthew Woodyard, Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2018 Lander
University Graduate
Panel Chair: Dr. Franklin Rausch
Discussants: Dr. Joel Cleland, Mr. Jason Whitley, Dr. Lloyd Willis
EVENING PLENARY SESSION —
STORIES FROM ACROSS THE SOUTH:
HOW WWI AFFECTS OUR REGION
Friday, March 15, 2019 | 6:00-7:30 p.m. | Abney Cultural Center Auditorium
This panel presents an “overview from the experts” on the broad impacts of WWI
on the South, highlighting the economic, social and political transformations that
began during the war and continued after its conclusion. Scholars discuss changes
in agriculture and manufacturing that affected the economy; shifts in women’s
roles and the place of non-white citizens; and the South’s role in military planning
through recruitment of soldiers, placement of military installations, and in shaping
foreign policy decisions during WWI and in later conflicts.
Panelists: Dr. Jill Cooley, Dr. Fritz Hamer, Dr. Janet Hudson, Dr. Kathryn Silva,
Ms. Kathelene Smith
Moderator: Dr. Matthew DownsABOUT THE PARTICIPANTS
PRIMARY SPEAKERS
Angela Jill Cooley is Associate Professor of
History at Minnesota State University, Mankato,
where she teaches courses in U.S. history, the U.S.
Constitution and civil rights. She earned a B.A.
from the University of Alabama at Birmingham, a
J.D. from the George Washington University Law
School, and an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University
of Alabama. Cooley is the author of To Live and
Dine in Dixie: The Evolution of Urban Food Culture
in the Jim Crow South, as well as journal articles
and book chapters.
Matthew L. Downs is Associate Professor of
History at the University of Mobile, where he
serves as department chair and teaches courses
in U.S. history and Southern history. He earned
a B.A. from Birmingham-Southern College,
and an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of
Alabama. Downs is the author of Transforming
the South: Federal Development in the Tennessee
Valley, 1915–1960, and co-editor of The American
South and the Great War, 1914-1924, in addition
to book chapters. He serves as editor for the
Alabama Review.
M. Ryan Floyd is Associate Professor of History
at Lander University, where he directs the social
studies-secondary education program and
teaches courses in U.S. history, American foreign
relations and Southern history. He earned a
B.S. from Samford University, and an M.A. and
Ph.D. from the University of Alabama. Floyd is
the author of Abandoning American Neutrality:
Woodrow Wilson and the Beginning of the Great
War, August 1914 – December 1915, and co-editor
of The American South and the Great War, 1914-
1924, in addition to journal articles.Keith P. Gorman is Assistant Dean for Special Collections and University Archives at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, where he also serves as Associate Professor of University Libraries. He earned a B.A. from Loyola University in Chicago, an M.A. and Ph.D. in history from the University of Wisconsin, and a Master of Library Science degree from Simmons College. Gorman is the author of journal articles and book chapters, including “The Call to Duty in the Old North State: Patriotism, Service, and North Carolina’s Women’s Colleges During the Great War.” Fritz P. Hamer is Curator of History and Archivist at the South Carolina Confederate Relic Room and Military Museum, and was previously Chief Curator of History at the South Carolina State Museum. He earned a B.A. from Acadia University, and an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of South Carolina. Hamer is the author of A Southern City Reborn: Charleston, Its Navy Yard and World War II; editor of Forward Together: South Carolinians in the Great War; and has authored numerous book chapters. He has curated many museum exhibits and library exhibitions. Janet G. Hudson is an independent scholar who previously taught U.S. history, civil rights and Southern history at the University of South Carolina and Winthrop University. She earned a B.A. from Middle Tennessee State University and an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of South Carolina. Hudson is the author of Entangled by White Supremacy: Reform in World War I-Era South Carolina, and a contributing editor to Twilight on the South Carolina Rice Fields: Letters of the Heyward Family, 1862-1871, in addition to book chapters and journal articles. She is Past President of the S.C. Historical Association.
Kathryn M. Silva is Assistant Professor of History at Claflin University, where she teaches courses on the history of Africa, African Americans, civil rights in the United States and women. She earned a B.A. from the University of Massachusetts in Boston, and an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of South Carolina. Silva is the author of journal articles and essays, and is currently preparing a book manuscript titled “‘At Times We May Seem Bold’: African American Women in the Southern Textile Industry, 1890- 1954.” She is also program director for a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Kathelene McCarty Smith is Instruction and Outreach Archivist and Assistant Professor of Special Collections and University Archives at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. She earned a B.A. and M.A. from Louisiana State University and a Master of Library Science from UNC-G. McCarty Smith is the author of the book chapter “The Call to Duty in the Old North State: Patriotism, Service, and North Carolina’s Women’s Colleges During the Great War,” in addition to many other book chapters, journal articles and essays on subjects related to archives, librarianship, social history and special collections. Courtney Tollison is Assistant Professor of History at Furman University, where she teaches courses in U.S. history, S.C. history and public history. She was the Founding Historian for the Upcountry History Museum. She earned a B.A. from Furman University, and an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of South Carolina. Tollison is the author of Furman University and World War II and Upcountry South Carolina, and her manuscript titled “Our Country First: The Making of a Southern City During the Progressive Era and the Great War” is under contract with Lexington Books. She has curated museum exhibits and served as a historian for memorials, markers and sculptures.
PANELISTS D. Welborn Adams is an Attorney with Tinsley & Adams and the former Mayor of Greenwood. He earned a B.A. from Vanderbilt University and a J.D. from the University of South Carolina School of Law. He has been active in community affairs and led fundraising efforts to make new listings of the fallen soldiers from WWI and WWII on the American Legion’s world war memorial in Uptown Greenwood. P. Dale Kittles is a member of American Legion Post 20 of Greenwood and served in the U.S. Army as part of the 82nd Airborne. He later worked as an officer with the Greenwood Police Department and in several leadership capacities with the Greenwood County Sheriff’s Office, concluding his career as Division Commander over Community Services. He was awarded a Medal of Valor from the S.C. Sheriff’s Association. Mr. Kittles was one of five veterans who sued over the S.C. Heritage Act in the case Thomas Waller, Larry Jackson, P. Dale Kittles, Claude L. Maus, and Terry C. Weeks vs. Kevin L. Bryant, Jay Lucas, and Alan Wilson. Christopher B. Thomas is Director of the Dr. Benjamin E. Mays Historical Preservation Site that is part of the GLEAMNS Human Resources Commission and an ordained elder in the Church of God in Christ. He earned a B.A. from California State University, an M.A.T.S. and Th.M. from Liberty University, and is pursuing a Ph.D. from the University of Nottingham. The Reverend Thomas managed efforts to establish a sculpture of Dr. Mays at the Mays Site in 2017. Trey Ward is President of John Ward Painting. He earned a B.S. from Lander University and has been active in community affairs. Mr. Ward installed the new plaques on the American Legion’s world war memorial in Uptown Greenwood. PANEL MODERATORS AND DISCUSSANTS April Akins is University Archivist at Lander University. Joel Cleland is Professor of History, Emeritus, at Lander University. Lucas McMillan is Dean of the College of Behavioral & Social Sciences and Associate Professor of Political Science at Lander University. Franklin Rausch is Associate Professor of History at Lander University. Stefan Wiecki is an Associate Professor of History at Presbyterian College. Lloyd Willis is an Associate Professor of English at Lander University. Kevin Witherspoon is Chair of the Department of History and Philosophy and Professor of History at Lander University. Jason Whitley is a Graduate Student in History at Clemson University.
Upcountry History Museum SC Public Radio
The Upcountry History Museum is Several historians participating in the
proud to encourage those interested Symposium have given interviews to S.C.
in learning more about World War I Public Radio to help citizens understand
and the South to visit the museum the impact of the war on South Carolina
and see its exhibit, Answer the Call: and the South as a whole. Hear more at
From Recruit to the Front Lines of WWI. www.southcarolinapublicradio.org.
SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We wish to thank the following for their support
and assistance with “Time of Tradition and Transition:
A Symposium on the South and World War I”
College of Behavioral and Social Sciences
Office of Special Events
Office of University Relations and Publications
Office of Printing Services
The Index-Journal
S.C. Humanities
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