Understanding and improving the e-commerce packaging sorting process - Study results - CITEO
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Understanding and improving
the e-commerce packaging
sorting process
Study results
1
18/02/2021 | E-commerce packaging study | Open Access
General structure of the study
We analyzed consumer perception around e-commerce packaging and identified levers of action to improve
sorting, and thus the collection and recycling of these packaging.
1
Establishing a national overview of
2
Identifing ideas at different stages
the sorting gesture of these and levels of the packaging to
packages by the French e- facilitate and improve sorting and
commerce customers. recycling.
2‒
Year 2020: explorations and experiments
December 2020
January-March
2020
Test
3 journeys evaluated Observe
Quantitative online Video-ethnography (4-6h)
1005 interviews 12 households IDF/Rennes
Prototype
Observe
2 1
March 2020
2 Sprints FabLab
October-November 2020 3 days each
Quantitative
(prototyping and
framing
iterative testing)
NAT REP online
2000 interviews
Invent
September 2020
2 webinars behavioral
Widen
sciences European Benchmark
1 workshop
(60 ideas
generated)
March 2020
May-June 2020
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 3
WHAT IS DESIGN
THINKING?
It's not enough to ask people what they need
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 4
The key steps in design thinking
EXPLORATIONS EXPERIMENTS
EXPÉRIMENTATIONS DISSEMINATION
DIFFUSIONS
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 5
Online shopping frequency on the rise in 2020
At least once Has bought
Food products are the a month on the
internet
most frequently
purchased
Food items
Beauty products
Clothing, shoes, fashion
accessories
Books, CD/DVD, video games
Housing accessories, DIY
Toys and games
Increased purchase Tech and electronic items
frequency for all
sectors in 2020 Furniture and decorations
Household appliances
A3. How often do you buy the following products on the internet?
Base : Ensemble (1005)
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 6
Diverse delivery methods: at home remains privileged
2,3 average delivery modes
2,3 for families
2,5 for 25–34-year-olds
2,7 among large buyers (+21 parcels per year)
91% have their
parcel delivered to
their home Popular channels: at
home in their
Strong increase in
click and collect over
(average for 2000 and 1005 participants. Poll presence, in the 2020
March 2020 and December 2020) mailbox, in relay +10pts in urban areas
point/La Poste +5pts in rural areas
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 7
Understanding the e-
commerce packaging
sorting gesture
Results of the exploratory study
8
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre
5 major themes
01 02 03
E-commerce packaging: Opening: the high point Say-Do Gap of the
what are consumers' of attention sorting gesture
expectations?
04 05
Large packages to store Reuse and
smaller ones reutilization: a
strong trend
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 9
01 E-commerce packaging: what are consumers' expectations? 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 10
Packaging's primary function: protecting the product
B2. What is important to you in the packaging of a product purchased on the internet?
Base : Ensemble (2000), mars 2020
Very important Rather important Rather not important Not important at all Agree
The product is well protected
It is well closed
It’s clean and in good condition
It has not been opened and closed
According to e-buyers, the concepts of product protection and packaging safety are
most important at more than 94%
What function comes in 2nd place? Practicality or environmental impacts?
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 11Environmental impacts in 2nd place
B2. What is important to you in the packaging of a product purchased on the internet?
Base : Ensemble (2000), mars 2020
Very important Rather important Rather not important Not important at all Agree
The product is well protected
It is well closed
It is clean and in good condition
It has not been opened and closed
It uses the right amount of carboard
It uses the right amount of plastic
It is recyclable
Environmental impacts come in 2nd place ahead of the
practicality of the packaging!
E-buyers have high expectations about environmental
aspects
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 12A perception of packaging that does not meet expectations
B1. In general, what do you think of the packaging of the products you buy on the internet? What are their qualities? What are their flaws?
Base : Ensemble (2000)
QUALITIES FLAWS
General qualities 31% 25% Unsuitable
good quality / nothing to criticize / poorly sized /too large/disproportionate
well-wrapped / don't fit in the mailbox
15% Bad for the environment
Strenght 27% waste generators/overpackage /
solid/robust/resistant/shock-resistant/ including plastic/foam/styrofoam/
rigid/strengthened/padded/thick not eco-friendly/not recyclable/not reusable
Expectations are all the higher because environmental aspects are the least well valued on existing
packaging (oversize and environmental impacts)
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 13Play the video :
https://vimeo.com/528282529/c6b3975aaf
14Strong expectations for a solution substitutive to plastic
92%
Agree that products should no longer
92%
And as many are expecting for plastic to be
be individually wrapped in plastic replaced by another type of protection, as
effective
Base 2000
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 1502 Opening: the high point of attention 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 16
The emotional rollercoaster:
peaks of attention on which to capitalize Opening
Order
/ Purchase Delivery Confirmed
Storage
Reception
Research
Intermediate sorting
Delivery
Waiting
Transport
Arrival
Final sorting
A highlight at the opening of the package which contrasts with the rest of the route
After receiving it, the opening does not take long, the goal: to discover the contents of their "gift"
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 17 ‒A form of excitement during the opening...
Several techniques are being implemented
From the fastest To the most careful Including for the packaging of
the products themselves
Hand-torned careful cutting of scotch
tape, bags with a knife or
scissors (if possibility to
return)
« I try to be careful so that if it does
not suit me, I return it with the same
packaging [...] otherwise I would
have torn with the hands »
(Nabil, Family, appart., Paris 13)
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 18Difficulties perceived differently before and after opening
The upstream efforts are compensated by the pleasure of discovering the product.
But once the package is opened, efforts are experienced stronger
PLEASURE of e-commerce buying EFFORT of sorting gesture
• Easy, no schedules • Requires some thought
• Comfortable, delivered • Linked to dirty/waste
• Saving time and energy • Takes time/energy
• High availability and product choice • Not rewarding or attractive
• Attractive prices, free returns • Cumbersome « It's a chore, and she’s
always waiting for me to go to
« I think this place is dirty bed, in my pajamas, to tell
(yellow bin). People throw me I have to take out the
away anything. » trash.. »
(Mathieu, Rennes) (Nabil, Paris 13)
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 19 ‒03 Say-Do Gap of the sorting gesture 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 20
A majority of e-consumers systematically sort their packaging
F1. You would say that in general regarding the packaging to be sorted (plastic, cardboard, metal)...
Base : Ensemble (2000)
You never sort them but someone No one ever sorts them in your home
else in your home sorts them
22
You sort them sometimes 14
INDIVIDUAL
SORTING You sort them systematically
Systematic or
sometimes
96%
82
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 21 ‒Play the video :
https://vimeo.com/528281536/14ab01bf82
22Plastic elements cause the most sorting errors 80% Good 59% Good 50% Good answers on the answers for plastic answers for plastic sorting of paper and envelopes cushioning elements cardboard items 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 23
Doubts also for the cushioning elements
• 1 in 5 people is not sure where to The size and shape of the item may influence
put the plastic cushioning the perception of recyclability
elements.
• 58% think plastic packaging aren’t
recyclable.
Cushioning Foam Polyethylene Bubble Wrap
particles (Base: 979) foam (Base: 862)
(Base: 1038) (Base: 976)
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 24What is the best support for the sorting instruction?
According to 50% of e-buyers, the best But less than 1 in 10 people remember
support for the sorting order is the parcel seeing a sorting instruction on the
G3. Finally, what do you think would be the best way to inform you of the sorting
instructions ? Base : Ensemble (1005)
packaging
On the parcel
On the sorting bin / dedicated
space
By SMS at the delivery
By email when order is confirmed
By SMS when the package is
shipped
On the local newspaper
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 25Physical and dimensional constraints added
• Difficult-to-handle, rigid These constraints lead to bad practices such as:
"out-of-size" packaging
Allow the cardboard
• A complex flattening process, which requires some to "soak" in the rain
physical effort to detach, then roll the package on to soften it
itself or lay it flat.
Throw
out of the bin
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 268% of e-commerce buyers report dropping their packages off the bin Auteur : Delphine SAJAT - IPSOS | Février 2021 | Améliorer le geste de tri des emballages e-commerce | Diffusion libre 27
A ripple effect of bad practices
In the city centres
« we have no yellow bins but
because as we have a lot of
plastics, we put everything in • Refuse workers collect these deposits.
a carboard box the evening
they pass » • Some municipalities indicate this possibility of
(Shopkeeper, Arpajon) deposit on their website.
At the neighborhood, district and even
In common and
city level this creates a form of
collective spaces
"normalization"
« when I moved I was throwing
boxes everywhere and
removing my name on the
labels so as not to be frowned
upon from the building »
(Clémence, Paris 12)
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 28Intrinsic motivations out of sync with the right sorting gesture
« we put everything in a bag because
when the refuse workers come, they
put things everywhere and at least
there we are certain that it will go in
the truck, not on the road or outside »
(Julien, Draveil)
A gesture of nesting to "serve" in the desire to "do well"
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 2904 Large packages to store smaller ones 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 30
Large packaging often stored
They can be stored, sometimes for over a month, before being thrown.
28% stored it 10% stored it
before throwing it away
1/4
Of e-buyers store the bulkiest before throwing it away
packaging (excluding envelopes)
before getting rid of it
More than 6 months
6
1/3 store them for more than a month Between one 24
six months 24
Less than a week
when stored
Between a week
46 and a month
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 31Undersized intermediate containers
"The easiest thing for me would be
to put everything in one box and
take it all downstairs »
Matthieu., Rennes)
Put the smaller in Use a "disposable" Use a "reusable" “Cramming" in a
the largest bag bag - tote bag or small trash can
= Nesting shopping bag
(which should not
be dirty because it Or drop on/next to
is kept) it until it is emptied
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 32A misunderstanding of nesting problems
Why un-nest all the elements when everything goes into the sorting bin?
14% of respondents said that packages should This gesture of nesting is quite visible in reality,
be nested before they are placed in the sorting especially for the envelopes
bin.
The perceived benefits of nesting:
• To make it take up less space in the trash / sorting bin
• To make it easier to transport
• To not lose elements in the transport to the bin
• To not dirty the bin
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 3305 Reuse and reutilization: a strong trend 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 34
Play the video :
https://vimeo.com/528280519/ea34abc461
35E-buyers who plebiscite reuse
G9. Would you say it is important for you to be able to reuse the packaging of a product purchased on the internet?
Base : Ensemble (1005)
G10. What types of use in particular would you like to be able to reuse your packaging for? Such as...
Base : A ceux pour qui c’est important de pouvoir réutiliser ses emballages (857)
Not important at all
... packaging for a package to be returned 85
Rather not Very important
important
3
12 ... container for items to be stored 45
36 … material for manual activity
27
TOTAL (cutting, DIY with children...)
IMPORTANT
… protective element (painting, DIY) 24
85%
… container for other items to throw away 21
49 ... material for another activity
13
(kindling for chimney, door wedging etc..)
Rather important
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 36 ‒A strong trend towards reuse
1/3 E-buyers reuse their e-commerce packaging. This opens up perspectives in the
design to facilitate flattening and reuse.
The "just in case" Internet resales
For a move, for a friend, for his grandfather who
does DIY, a gift box, artistic activities, school, etc.
« This envelope is almost new. It
would be a shame to throw it
away. I'll keep it in case I need it
[..] I keep the cardboard in my car
and I cut pieces for when I sell on
the internet »
(Sébastien, Family, appart.,
Rennes)
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 37Plastic envelopes reused less often than carboards
The return tape is often cut awkwardly:
« Oh well I did not
Due to the "excitement" and speed of the opening, understand, I did not cut
as I should’ve »
• But also to the lack of visibility / reading of the instructions on the (Jocelyne, Senior, House,
packaging, Rennes)
• And finally the existing “hollow" fold in which they "slide" the scissors.
D1. The last time you received a package of this type, what did you do with it?
Base : Ceux qui ont reçu un emballage de ce type (885)
« I didn't cut it
1 properly, it doesn't
16 You returned it
matter as I have to
You reused it for yourself send it back I'll tape
to the sender
it down »
10 You immediately dumped it in the You've stored it (Marylène, Senior,
garbage or deposited it in the before throwing it away House, IDF Arpajon)
bin/sorting container
73
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 38 ‒Returnable packaging, a possible solution but that seems to generate constraints
E1. Some internet stakeholders are considering offering a delivery with a returnable package, i.e. it would have to be re-deposited at a relay point or the delivery of the delivery
could be picked up. Do you agree with the following statements regarding the consigned package :
Base : Ensemble (2000)
ST
Fully agree Rather agree Rather disagree Fully disagree AGREE
It reduces waste from e-commerce packaging 37 50 9 4 87
It's eco-friendly 36 51 9 4 87
It's useful. 30 52 12 6 82
I'd be in favour of it. 30 47 16 7 77
This seems easy to manage 17 41 29 13 58
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 39 ‒Conclusion and opportunities 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 40
A journey to the right sorting gesture full of pitfalls
Physical and Dimensional
constraints
EASY?
SORTING
ACCESSIBLE
GESTURE
? Packaging
Ecommerce
DESIRED ?
Motivational
Obstacles
Difficulties
to go beyond routine
UNDERSTOOD
? Difficulties in
understanding, visibility and
perception of information
CONSIDERED
?
Red= significant barrier Social and Cultural
Yellow = moderate barrier Constraints
Green = no barrier
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 41Several levels of emotional bias
"I could, but "I don't think I'm
"I don't think it's any "I don't really like "I'd like to do it, but capable of doing the
between us, I'm not
use" doing it" it doesn’t bring me right thing, it's too
that kind of person"
anything" complicated for me"
Changing the Bringing Working on Feeling in
Waiting for
emotional extrinsic identity control of the
results
character motivations motivation gesture
I understand why I do This is not an What I do is valued and I do it right because It's clear and easily
it, it echoes my desire unpleasant moment it brings me something that's how it should be accessible to all
to recycle well done / that others do
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 42The 5 key lessons of the study
1 2 3
Strong consumer expectations The opening of the package is The sorting gesture in a real
in terms of environmental a high time when the attention setting reflects bad practices
impacts and plastic is at its maximum. because it is ungrateful and
substitution After that, it's often too late requires a consumer effort
4 5
1/3 of e-buyers reuse their
Large packaging is used as a
packaging, and growing
container for smaller items,
interest in re-use: packaging
resulting in sorting errors
have several lives
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 43Questions Answers
44Exploring solutions
45
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libreThe main levers to activate and their stakes
Matériau multifonction
Impact environnemental perçu Informer aux pics d’attention Réconcilier le faire avec le dire
dépendant du matériau pourOpening
faire réaliser les bons gestes en facilitant
Single-material packaging
au creux
the package:
d’intérêt
the Say-Do les
Gapgestes
of sorting
uncompromising
Maîtrise du geste deon
triproduct
différent highlight of attention
protection
par matériau
Limiter risques d’imbrication
Limiter risques de dépôts hors Eviter de détériorer l’emballage
conteneurs
Intermediate and sorting Mise àReusing
plat pourplebiscited
stockage
container: inadequacy to be
à contenants
Accessibilité reduced
collectifs pour grands cartons
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 4660 ideas from creative brainstorming
ADAPTED
ORIGAMI BIN
1 3
19
concepts
QR CODE PACKAGING
INSTRUCTIONS
18
17
GT#10 HM | 5 novembre 2020 47The top 5 ideas
1 2 3 4 5
MONO ADVICE ON PERSONALISED
ORIGAMI MATERIAL ADAPTED BIN REUSING INSTRUCTIONS
Packaging Message Collection
Exploration
Online
axis Packaging
structure
Reuse Signage Instructions
Packages
Retrieval
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 48Prototyping Let’s experiment and prototype in a FAB LAB 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 49
THE PROCESS IS AS VALUABLE AS THE
RESULT.
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 50PROTOTYPING ALLOWS YOU TO TEST
THE RELEVANCE OF IDEAS ALMOST
INSTANTANEOUSLY
51Prototyping: the right message at the right time
Personalised sorting Animated sorting instructions Personalized sorting
instructions sent by SMS at (GIF) instructions on invoice
delivery
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 52Prototyping: single-material packaging protecting the product
The « fuzzy » envelope Honeycomb cardboard The gift wrap
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 53Prototyping: solutions that facilitate flattening
The super strip The pull – strip ‘la tirette’ The cardboards box
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 54Consumer testing 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 55
From prototypes to user journeys
1 2 3
Objectives That e-commerce customers That e-commerce customers That e-commerce customers
put all their packaging in the stop placing their packaging don’t nest the packaging of
"sorting" bin outside the bin (especially different materials
large cartons).
Packaging Message Collection
Exploration Packaging
Reusing Signage
Online
instructions
Packaging
structure Retrival
axis
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 56From prototypes to user journeys
1 2 3
Objectives That e-commerce customers That e-commerce customers That e-commerce customers
put all their packaging in the stop placing their packaging don’t nest the packaging
"sorting" bin outside the bin (especially made of different materials
large cartons).
Packaging Message Collection
Exploration Packaging
Reusing Signage
Online
instructions
Packaging
structure Retrival
axis
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 57Des prototypes aux parcours utilisateurs
#1 #2 #3
Journey Journey Journey
Enveloppe wrap Super strip The parcel workshop
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 58#1 Journey enveloppe wrap • Pre-opening and opening sorting instructions • Fitted and protective single-material packaging • Easy opening • Flattening • Avoid nesting 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre
2 days later
Plastic bags
Paper sheets
Small platic and paper
elementsConsumer Feedbacks (panel 1,005 people)
Journey adherence rate: 89% (completely: 36%)
+ -
Non Nesting Mixed perception of protection
• 32% think the object will be well
• 62% understand that items must be protected
placed separately in the sorting bin Primary packaging material
• If packaging the product in another
Open Wrap = enveloppe material, drop in the correct answers on
sorting
• Allows to bring together the elements Instructions
of the same material to bring to the bin
(26%) • less effective on smaller elements and
different materials (32% in Residual
Household Waste)
• Sorting instructions printed on internal
paper wrap not consulted enough.
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 64#2 Journey Super Strip
• Sorting instructions at each pre-opening step
(order, confirmation, delivery, invoice)
• Easy opening bulky packaging
• Flattening easier to put in sorting bin
• Avoid nesting
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libreYour packaging will be bulky! Remember to fold it and to leave nothing outside your sorting bin!
Good News ! Your order has been shipped Hi, We are happy to inform you that your order thas been shipped. #RecycleTogether By your side to recycle Your order has been shipped. Remember to sort this packaging. It will be recycled and valorized
1 week later
Consumer feedbacks (panel 1,005 people)
Journey adherence rate: 93% (completely: 40%)
+ -
Protection Reuse
• 93% think the object will be well • 22% regret not being able to reuse the
protected packaging
Sorting Instructions
Flattening
• Sorting instructions on the invoice not
• 92% it will be convenient to deposit in visible enough little consulted.
the sorting bin • The GIF arrives too early in the journey,
Nesting it should have been sent at the time of
delivery.
• 70% understand that items must be • Persistence of doubts about plastic
placed separately in the sorting bin sorting
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 75#3 Journey parcel workshop • Pre-opening sorting instructions • Limit saturation internal containers and sorting • Space suitable for large cartons • Limiting home storage • Making it easier to flatten • Making it easier to reuse
I’m picking-up my I’m sending a
package parcel
Opening my I’m preparing a
paclage parcel
Using the elements left in
the green bin
If the packaging is I glue my shipping
reusable slip
I deposit the different elements in the Printed beforehand at
green bin home
For the paper, plastic and I leave my parcel in
cardboard that cannot be the « send » locker
reused
Respecting the number on
I put them in the dedicated yellow bin the shipping slipI’m picking-up my I’m sending a
package parcel
Opening my I’m preparing a
paclage parcel
Using the elements left in
the green bin
If the packaging is I glue my shipping
reusable slip
I deposit the different elements in the Printed beforehand at
green bin home
For the paper, plastic I leave my parcel in
and cardboard that the « send » locker
cannot be reused
Respecting the number on the
I put them in the dedicated yellow bin shipping slipConsumer feedback (panel 1,005 people)
Journey adherence rate: 95% (completely: 54%)
+ -
SMS
Zipper system
• Clear on possibility to leave packaging at the parcel
workshop (98%) • Inadequate zipper visibility in case of
Parcel Workshop Operation cushioning elements
• 97% find instructions clear on how to operate and
reuse • Consider a pusher on an external side
Nesting
• 74% understand that items must be placed
separately in the sorting bin
Zipper
• 60% find the zip-puller effective for flattening,
facilitating sorting and avoiding nesting
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 8839% of e-commerce customers imagine opening their parcel on site
J2. If you received a package in a parcel workshop, would you say that you...
Base : Ensemble (1005)
Don't know
A workshop that facilitates the filing of
sometimes cumbersome packaging
2 Rather open it
It on the spot 1. Pedestrians and cyclists are very appreciating of
depends the approach
on the 2. Avoids deposit in the street / city bins
products 39
38
remains to be optimized
• The space available to leave the packaging
• The management of furniture and "misplaced"
elements »
• An opening privacy zone (not visible to all)
21
Rather open it at home.
18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 89Conclusions Flattening simplified by packaging design • Makes storage and reutilization easier for the consumer and prevents the risk of nesting. The parcel workshop • Good lever for the development of reutilization and good educational support on the right sorting gestures that the e-consumer can continue to implement at home. • Reduces container saturation (intermediate and sorting) at home Sorting instruction messages • Mail or SMS effective by relying on a moment of attention of the e-consumer (before the opening but not too early), and allow a better understanding of the sorting gesture. Mono-matériau • Beware, for the consumer, the packaging from e-commerce = packages for parcels Think user journey and not just packaging 18/02/2021 | Etude emballages de E-commerce | Diffusion libre 90
Thank you!
91
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