Russia 1894-1924 - Year 12 - Shaftesbury School

Russia 1894-1924 - Year 12
   1. Print: the topic sheets (this is the syllabus broken down into chunks), the key word list
      and fill in the definitions.

   2. Watch:
        • The Last Czar (Netflix),
        • Empire of the Tsars https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73eaNrTX3CA,

   3. Access the textbook online https://www.pearsonactivelearn.com/app/Home
      and type in these details to access an online copy of the textbook so you can get
      reading.
      Username louise.baxter@shaftesburyschool.co.uk-AL
      Password History2021

   4. Explore:
      Russia https://www.activehistory.co.uk/main_area/games/yr12_russia/frameset.ht
      m
      Username: Shaftesbury41
      Password: wrt45

                                                            BBC Empire of the Tsars
                                                            Romanov Russia 1of3
                                                            Reinventing Russia
                                                            BBC Empire of the Tsars
                                                            Romanov Russia 1of3
                                                            Reinventing Russia
                                                            www.youtube.com

Topic 1: The rule of Nicholas II, 1894–1905

The topic covers the years 1894–1905, when Tsarism faced increasing challenges to its
rule which led to the 1905 revolution. You will need to understand why different groups
opposed Tsarism and the different aims of the different opposition groups. In terms
of the 1905 Revolution, you will need to understand the nature of the threat which
revolutionary activity posed to the regime.

Record of study

 Topic                          Red            Amber              Green
 Introduction to topic and
 background context: Russia
 in c1894:
 • Tsar Nicholas II and
 Russian society.
 The nature of autocratic
 rule:
 • The Tsarist principles of
 autocracy, nationality and
 orthodoxy
 The nature of autocratic
 rule:
 •the oppression of
 nationalities
 The nature of autocratic
 rule:
 •anti-semitism
 The nature of autocratic
 rule:
 •the Okhrana.
 Opposition to Tsarism
 •unrest among peasants and
 workers
 Opposition to Tsarism
 •middle-class opposition and
 the League of Liberation
 The 1905 Revolution:
 •the impact of the Russo-
 Japanese war
 The 1905 Revolution:
 •Bloody Sunday
 Topic                          Covered        Date covered       Teacher signature

 The 1905 Revolution:

•the spread of revolutionary
 activity among peasants,
 workers and national
 minorities
 The 1905 Revolution:
 •the St Petersburg Soviet
 Nicholas II’s response:
 •the failure of the August
 Manifesto
 Nicholas II’s response:
 •the October Manifesto and
 the response of opposition
 groups
 Nicholas II’s response:
 •the crushing of the
 Moscow Uprising
 Nicholas II’s response:
 •the extent of the recovery
 of Tsarist power

Topic 2: The end of Romanov rule, 1906–17

The topic covers the final years of Tsarist rule before its collapse in 1917. You will
need to understand the political changes in the years 1906–14, and the extent to which
the Tsarist system of government had been changed. You will need to understand the
influence of the activities of Alexandra and Rasputin in making the government
unstable during World War One. You will learn about how the Tsarist regime had an
effect on Russia’s performance in World War One.

Record of Study

Topic                              Red           Amber               Green

Change and continuity in
government:
the Fundamental Law
Change and continuity in
government:
the radicalism of the first two
duma
Change and continuity in
government:
Nicholas II’s relations with the
dumas, 1906–14
Change and continuity in
government:
the nature of Tsarist
government and royal power in
1914
Repression and reform, 1906–14:
Stolypin’s repression and the
restoration of stability
Repression and reform, 1906–14:
actions against revolutionary
parties
Repression and reform, 1906–14:
reform of agricultural
landholdings and emigration to
Siberia
Repression and reform, 1906–14:
the Lena goldfields massacre,
1912

Topic                          Covered     Date covered          Teacher Signature

The impact of the First
World War:
the state of the armed
forces in 1914
The impact of the First
World War:
economic problems including
inflation and supplies for
cities
The impact of the First
World War:
Nicholas, Alexandra and
Rasputin
The impact of the First
World War:
the Progressive Bloc and
Zemgor
The February Revolution:
growth of unrest in towns and
countryside
The February Revolution:
International Women’s Day
and the Petrograd general
strike
The February Revolution:
the creation of the
Provisional Committee, and
the Petrograd Soviet
The February Revolution:
the abdication of Nicholas II.

Topic 3: The Provisional government and its opponents, February–October 1917

The topic covers the brief months of freedom in Russia before the overthrow of the
Provisional government in October 1917. You will need to understand the difficult
situation which faced the Provisional government in February 1917, the extent to which
it responded to the country’s problems and the reasons for its failure. You will need
extra reference to the October revolution especially the importance of Lenin and
Trotsky in directing events.

Record of Study

 Topic                            Red           Amber             Green
 The nature of dual power:
 the political complexion of
 the Provisional government
 The nature of dual power:
 the extent of its power and
 support
 The nature of dual power:
 the aims and membership of
 the Petrograd Soviet
 The nature of dual power:
 early political reforms.
 Opposition to the Provisional
 government:
 conflicting attitudes on the
 continuation of the war
 Opposition to the Provisional
 government:
 Lenin’s return to Russia and
 the April Theses
 Opposition to the Provisional
 government:
 the Milyukov crisis
 Opposition to the Provisional
 government:
 the June Offensive and the
 July days

 Topic                           Covered    Date covered          Teacher signature

The second Provisonal
government, July–October
Kerensky as Prime Minister
The second Provisonal
government, July–October
the membership of the new
government
The second Provisonal
government, July–October
The Kornilov affair and its
impact on the government
and the Bolsheviks.
The October Revolution:
Lenin’s influence on the
Central Committee
The October Revolution:
Trotsky and the Military
Revolutionary Committee
The October Revolution:
the events of 24–26
October
The October Revolution:
the Constituent Assembly
elections
The October Revolution:
the formation of the
Bolshevik government.

Topic 4: Defending the Bolshevik revolution, October 1917–24

This topic covers the period from the Bolshevik seizure of power in October 1917 to
the death of Lenin in 1924. You will learn about the extent of popular support for the
Bolsheviks, and the ways in which they imposed their rule by force. You will need to
understand the territory Russia lost in WW1 under the Treaty of Brest Litovsk. You
will consider the twin threats of the civil war and foreign intervention and will
understand the geography of the civil war, the difficulties faced by the Bolsheviks’
enemies in fighting a war on extended and separate fronts and the reasons for the
Bolsheviks’ success in winning the Russian Civil War.

Record of Study

 Topic                            Red          Amber               Green
 Consolidating Bolshevik
 power:
 the closing of the Constituent
 Assembly
 Consolidating Bolshevik
 power:
 making peace at Brest-
 Litovsk
 Consolidating Bolshevik
 power:
 the formation of the Cheka
 Consolidating Bolshevik
 power:
 attacks on Bolshevik
 opponents
 Consolidating Bolshevik
 power:
 the Red Terror
 Bolshevik economic policies:
 state capitalism
 Bolshevik economic policies:
 Defeat of domestic enemies:
 the geography of the civil war
 Bolshevik economic policies:
 the Social Revolutionaries,
 national minorities and the
 Whites
 Bolshevik economic policies:
 Trotsky and the Red Army
 Bolshevik economic policies:

the defeat of Kolchak,
Denikin and Yudenich

Topic                          covered   Date covered   Teacher signature
Foreign intervention in
Russia:
reasons, nature and extent of
intervention
Foreign intervention in
Russia:
the impact of war weariness
and the lack of support in the
west for intervention
Foreign intervention in
Russia:
the end of intervention.
Bolshevik economic policies
(cont.):
War Communism
Bolshevik economic policies
(cont.):
the Tambov rising and the
Kronstadt mutiny
Bolshevik economic policies
(cont.):
economic and political results
of the New Economic Policy
Review: key individuals;
groups – winners and losers;
significance

Key word list unit one

 word                      Definition
 Anti Semitic
 Autocracy
 Bloody Sunday
 Bourgeoisie
 Bolshevik
 Cossacks
 Cultural
 Duma
 Economic
 Famine
 Father Gapon
 Gold Standard
 Haemophilia
 Industry
 Lenin
 Liberals
 Marx
 Mensheviks
 Milyukov
 Mir
 Mutiny
 Political
 October Manifesto
 Okhrana
 Ordained by God
 Peasants
 Pobedonestsev
 Potemkin
 Proletariat
 Romanov Dynasty
 Rasputin
 Reformers
 Russification
 Russian Orthodox Church
 Social
 Social Democrats
 Social Revolutionaries
 Soviet
 Starets
 Stolypin
 Trotsky
 Tsar
 Tundra
 Winter Palace
 Witte
 Zemstva