Parking strategy for cairgo-bikes in Brussels-Capital Region - Benchmark,analyses of geographical distribution and needs, recommendations.
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Parking strategy for cairgo-bikes
in Brussels-Capital Region
Benchmark,analyses of geographical distribution and needs,
recommendations.
pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 1
INTRODUCTION
For several years now, the use of The final report of this study is
cargo bikes has been booming in organised in several parts.
various major European cities,
Firstly, a comparative analysis
including Brussels: the share of
(benchmark) of the types of bikes,
cargo bikes rose to 4% of all cyclists
specific parking solutions and the
in 2019, and to 6% in 20201.
way they are managed (public and
This trend is attributable to a general private), specific points of attention
rise in the supply and demand for relating to cargo bike parking, as well
these bikes, and goes hand in hand as the standards in force in other
with developing needs relating to European countries.
The analyses presented in
their use: standards and infrastruc-
The second part of the report maps this report are partly based
tures must evolve to allow the full
out and studies the specific needs on a survey of 371 Brussels
development of this mode of travel,
for private cargo bike parking users, the questionnaire and
which is more sustainable than
throughout the Brussels-Capital results of which are presented
motorised travel.
Region, differentiating between the in Annex A, and on meetings
In this respect, the importance of various uses. with key players, the reports of
infrastructure, including parking, which are presented in Annex
Colophon The third part concludes with recom-
appears to be recognised as one B.
mendations for private parking to be
Title of the mission: Study mission to of the particularly crucial issues in
carry out a benchmark of cargo bike developed as a priority in the BCR, All the maps presented in the
parking facilities and an analysis of the the dynamics of modal shift towards
and where it should be situated. study are also available in
geographical distribution of cargo bike active modes, including cargo bikes.
parking needs in BCR. large format in an associated
However, this point should not be Finally, the last part deals with the
document.
Contracting authority: parking.brussels considered in isolation: parking is specific problem of professional
Contract reference: PB.DIR.20.031 one element to be integrated into the parking.
Leading Official: Geoffrey wider development of all infrastruc-
USE Operator: BRAT srl tures, soft mobility management
Version: november 2021 measures2 and integrated mobility
and urban planning policies being
Designed by The Crew.be developed in Brussels.
pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cargo bike? 6
Size of parking spaces 8
Specific facilities 10
Secure locations 14
Standards 16
Other points of attention 20
The private needs in the BCR 22
(Long-term) night-time demand 22
Long-term day-time demand 26
Short-term day-time demand 28
Opportunities 34
Recommendations 36
Long-term night-time parking 38
Long-term day-time parking 42
Short-term day-time parking 46
Professional parking 50
References 54
Annexes 55
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CARGO BIKE?
© Babboe © Babboe © Oxford bike © applicolis
Three-wheelers Two-wheelers Longtails Trailers
Cargo bikes are light vehicles in the These were the first cargo bikes to These are two-wheeled bikes with These are two-wheeled bikes, These are extensions (which can
family of pedal-powered bicycles be developed. Very common in the a front-facing, low loader. They are launched at the end of the 20th have various sizes, volumes and
(or bikes) with two or three wheels, Netherlands and Denmark, they are generally used for professional century and actually manufactured configurations) attached to a
generally designed to carry larger suitable for professional transport transport (the free space at the front and distributed commercially for ‘conventional’ bike. The complete
loads than a conventional bike. (usually in a closed container) or for is suitable for loading) or for trans- about ten years. Reinforced and vehicle can therefore form a
transporting several children (in a porting a few children (in a special slightly extended conventional significant length. Trailers can be
There are various models of cargo
secure carrying compartment) as carrying compartment). bikes, they allow the rider to carry used to transport children or
bikes with different characteristics
they are stable and solid, safe to children or parcels on the back, on packages, and can sometimes be
(in terms of size, accessories or
move, can carry heavy loads and are an extended luggage rack. used by hand when detached from
number of wheels) that can be
stable when stationary. the bike.
grouped into four main families:
The ‘Types of bikes’ sheets
annexed to this report (Annex
C) specify the technical cha-
racteristics of these different
cargo bikes.
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SIZE OF PARKING SPACES
© Pro Velo asbl
The Vademecum for bike parking by
Mobiel Vlaanderen features a
chapter3 on ‘non-standard’ bikes,
such as cargo bikes. They
recommend parking spaces 3 m long
and 1 m wide, with a spacing of
35 cm between parking spaces.
The recommended height of the
attachment support is around 30 cm.
Taking inspiration from this sizing,
Provélo uses the following
recommendations in its consulting
assignments, primarily for indoor
parking:
For ‘perpendicular’ parking, In the event of double use of For longitudinal parking, For ‘diagonal’ parking,
the racks,
the most efficient way is to use one in view of the alternating orientation the rack is positioned 1.35 m away the 45° orientation of the racks
rack per bike. of the bikes, a clearance zone is from the access. As the length of the makes it possible to optimise the
required on both sides of the parking rack is 1.5 m, they are spaced 1.5 m space used in an area with limited
The recommended length of the rack
spaces. apart. The lateral clearance required room. By placing 3 racks 75 cm from
is 1.5 m, the distance of the rack from
for manoeuvring is 1.9 m. the wall and 1.8 m apart, it is there-
the wall is 80 cm and a distance of
fore possible to park 3 cargo bikes
1.35 m is required between two racks.
over a width of 7 m and a depth of
The envisaged length for the parking
2.1 m. An additional 2.4 m is required
is 3 m and the clearance required in
for manoeuvring.
front of the racks for manoeuvring is
2.8 m.
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SPECIFIC
Simple parking Fixed bike stand Conventional rack with Low racks Low wave
signing
FACILITIES A roadside parking space is reserved
for cargo bikes, without any attach-
A stand with two steel bars is fixed
to the ground: the user rides on the
A parking space with a conventional
rack is specifically marked to indicate
A low rack (available in different
models) allows the user to attach the
A variation of the low rack in the
shape of a wave: the shape of this
ment system. stand until the wheel is secured and priority for cargo bikes. wheel or frame of their cargo bike. rack matches the cargo loader, re-
Various types of parking facilities are
attaches the lock between the bars gardless of whether this is located in
particularly suitable for cargo bikes. This economical and easy to install This facility, which is identical to This solution offers easy access to
and the rear wheel. the front or at the rear.
solution (using paint on the ground) conventional bike racks, can be the parking space and extensive
allows easy loading of the bike The ease of installation of this small, produced and installed quickly. As possibilities for attaching and This parking solution has the ad-
regardless of the type of cargo and discreet stand also allows for its long as they are spaced far enough locking the bike, making it both safe vantages of low racks (numerous
They are presented here and offers a high level of comfort when rapid dismantling. Very space-sa- apart when installed, they allow easy and user-friendly. Moreover, it is attachment points for cargo bikes
their technical specifications manoeuvring the bicycle, as there are ving, it allows easy and comfortable entry to the parking spot, regardless complicated, if not impossible, for and not very obvious attachment for
are detailed in the sheets in no obstacles. manoeuvring of the bike and easy of where the load is, and they offer conventional bikes to park in these conventional bikes) and also allows
Annex D. loading of the bike. multiple locking points for the bike. racks, which means that this solution easy entry into the parking space
However, there is no security (the
is de facto reserved for cargo bikes. and comfortable attaching, whatever
bike can only be locked to itself) However, its small size is also its However, depending on the parking
the type of cargo. This facility is
and it is often necessary to install weakness: it is difficult for pedes- space and the type of load, the cargo However, low racks can present
enhanced by integrated signing
bollards to prevent illegal parking on trians and the visually impaired to bike ‘sticks out’ at the front or rear, obstacles that are difficult for the vi-
notifying that the rack is specifically
the site. spot it (for cyclists too if it is not or even encroaches on the parking sually impaired to see on pavements
reserved for cargo bikes, while also
effectively marked) and it is difficult space on the other side of the rack and, in addition, they are sometimes
In view of the advantages and alerting the visually impaired that it
to use with certain types of locks (‘U’ to make it possible to attach. What is taken over by skateboarders and also
disadvantages of this solution, this is there.
and ‘padlocks’ for example). If used more, despite the specific signing, used for attaching motorbikes and
facility is suitable on roadsides, as a
correctly, the bike stand also poses a there is a high risk that conventional mopeds. As is the case for the low racks, low
replacement for car spaces, and as a
problem for two-wheeled cargo bikes, bikes will park there (even if the waves are sometimes taken over by
parking solution for very short kiss In view of the advantages and
since the higher-positioned rear spaces allocated to them are not full). skateboarders and bikers.
& ride-type stops (schools, crèches, disadvantages of this solution, this
wheel increases the risk of tipping
parcel collection, bakeries, etc.). In view of the advantages and facility is suitable as a complement In view of the advantages and disad-
over sideways. Finally, the hollow
disadvantages of this solution, this to conventional parking racks, for vantages of this solution, this facility
design means that detritus can accu-
facility is suitable as a complement short- or medium-term parking in pu- is suitable as a complement to
mulate on the stand.
to conventional parking racks (at the blic spaces, or for long-term parking conventional parking racks, for short-
In view of the advantages and disad- end of a row, perpendicular to the in a ‘secure’ location away from the and medium-term parking in public
vantages of this solution, this facility road, etc.), for short- or medium-term roadside. spaces, or for long-term parking in a
is relevant for transitory parking in a parking in public spaces, or for long- ‘secure’ location away from the road-
supervised area (festival, etc.). term parking in a ‘secure’ location side. It is the most comfortable of the
away from the roadside. ‘rack’ type facilities.
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Cross ‘Bread bins’ Movable bar Cargo bike parking
‘version 2.0’
A metal structure in the shape of a A metal structure in the form of a The two vertical bars fixed to the A vertical pole is equipped with two
cross that allows 4 cargo bikes to be bread bin where cargo bikes can be floor allow a movable bar to be locked movable arms that can be lowered to Summary
parked at the same time. parked. horizontally through them, using a allow a padlock to be attached. a specific advantage in terms
In general, the solutions that
magnetic card system. The user can of raising awareness of active
This solid and visible mechanism This wide parking solution offers This facility is a relatively simple require little in the way of han-
attach a padlock to the movable bar modes.
offers numerous attachment points comfortable room for manoeuvre for pole, which takes up very little space dling in order to attach the bike
for added security.
that allow easy and secure parking. the user and offers two heights for while making it possible for two bikes (simple parking, conventional The fixed bike stand offers little
Moreover, as it occupies the same the different attachment points. This facility offers a high degree of to park. or low racks, including the wave in the way of security and there-
space as a car parking space, it has security and comfort of use, by en- rack, with signing) have advan- fore its use is limited to tempo-
However, there are several problems: The unusual design of this system
strong symbolism that could be used suring enough distance between the tages for short or very short rary events. The other facilities
the single entrance can be narrow for is an obstacle to its take-up: a lot
in the context of a publicised policy various parked bikes, while allowing term parking in public spaces, (bread bins, mobile bar, version
some three-wheelers or bulky loads, of feedback from users (even from
of reducing car parking in favour of a cascaded installation. This ensures as they allow a lot of room to 2.0) are relatively unsuitable
and access to the loader becomes experienced cyclists) suggests a
active modes (‘One less car means access to the loader from all sides. move with or around the loader as they are more complex to
impossible if another bike is attached lack of understanding of what the
four more cargo bikes!’). and do not require complex han- use and manage, or take up too
to the outer wall or if multiple bread However, this facility requires regular mechanism is and how it works. In
The large size of this facility makes bins are set up next to each other. maintenance to ensure that the addition, the height of the arm limits dling for attachment. much space.
it cumbersome. What is more, access Attachment to the frame can also be magnetic system is working properly the possible points of attachment. The cross-shaped device, be-
for cargo bikes can be problematic difficult and attachment by the front and that the removable bar slides Finally, the fact that the arms pivot cause of its dimensions, offers
in some cases (kerbs, vehicle parked wheel(s) makes it less safe. Finally, well but not too much (which can means that maintenance is required
too close, etc.). the large surface area taken up by a cause a safety issue). Finally, the to ensure smooth operation.
single cargo bike does not make it card system requires continuous
In view of the advantages and disad- In view of the advantages and disad-
an efficient facility in terms of space management of subscriptions.
vantages of this solution, this facility vantages of this solution, this facility
used.
is suitable for short- or medium-term In view of the advantages and is not really suitable.
roadside parking, or for long-term In view of the advantages and disad- disadvantages of this solution, this
parking away from the roadside, as a vantages of this solution, this facility facility is suitable set up in a chain
replacement for car parking spaces. is not really suitable. for medium or long term parking on
the roadside, for example as a repla-
cement for car parking (a chain of
3 bar systems one after the other
takes up the same space as a car
parking space).
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SECURE LOCATIONS
Specific bike box Space sharing off the roadsid Rental of parking spaces via Rental of car parking spaces Summary
BePark
Sharing spaces away from the
In addition to suitable systems for These lockable ‘boxes’ accommodate The idea is to transform ‘unused’ The operator that manages the A common solution in Brussels, this roadside, whether car parking
attaching bikes, various ‘locations’ 2 to 4 cargo bikes each. They are spaces away from the roadside such pooling of car parking spaces has re- is the rental of a private car parking spaces, spare places in car
can be used to secure cargo bikes placed in public spaces, on pave- as porches, courtyards, etc. to de- cently started to provide parking for space, used by a cyclist to park their parks or porches and cour-
and make them less vulnerable to ments (curved protruding sections) velop a shared bike parking area for bikes. The capacity, ease of access bike (and small equipment). Prices tyards, seems to be the most
theft. These locations are currently or on car parking spaces. residents. The public company par- and security/attachment systems vary according to the district and promising option for large-scale
being developed for conventional king.brussels manages some of these vary according to the space available. contracts are generally not adapted roll-out in Brussels. Optimising
The fact that these boxes clutter the
bikes, but they are also being adap- spaces in Brussels, but a private These parking areas are still not very to this specific use of the parking the services should offer a com-
public space, as well as the fact they
ted to cargo bikes in Brussels. company has also entered the mar- well suited to cargo bikes (size of space. There are generally no bination of places accessible by
need unobstructed clearance all
ket. These companies manage sales spaces, attachment systems, etc.). facilities to secure the bike, or this is subscription (with guaranteed
around them, compared to the limited
of parking spaces and the access not permitted. place) or occasionally/by the
amount of bikes parked there, do not This system is a good complement
These locations are detailed in system, in return for payment of a fee day.
make them a particularly interesting to the previous one in that it allows The canvassing of this type of
Annex E by cyclists in the form of a subscrip-
solution for large-scale deployment occasional or daily reservation. parking space by management As for the large collective car
tion. The owners have the advantage companies (see ‘Sharing of space
in the BCR. parks, even if these are less
of a guaranteed fixed income. away from the roadside’) would in- easy to implement, they are
Large bike parking areas A recent development in Brussels, crease the impact and geographical still interesting in places where
this system is promising and can be distribution in the BCR, as this type there are a lot of combined tra-
The main advantage of this solution
deployed in many existing spaces of parking space is very common vel movements.
is its large capacity and its specific
potentially throughout the BCR. everywhere.
location near regional centres of The specific bike boxes, be-
interest. The only parking area of this cause of the way they clutter
kind that currently exists in the BCR Empty commercial floors up the public space, and empty
that is suitable for cargo bikes is commercial units, because of
Despite the opportunity offered by
located in the city centre (Bourse). the complexity of making them
empty commercial units in terms of
work, are the least favourable
Although more complicated to set location and available space, the pro-
solutions for large-scale roll-out
up than other solutions due to the blems raised by this solution make
in Brussels, even if they are
amount of space required, it is never- it difficult to implement in the short
interesting in terms of raising
theless interesting in places where and medium term. In effect, the need
awareness/communication.
there are a lot of combined travel to repurpose the property, coupled
movements. with the lack of financial interest
for the owners and the difficulty
of developing specific and fair tax
incentives, make it complex to make
this solution work.
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STANDARDS
In Brussels In Flanders
Traffic regulations Regional urban planning regula- Environmental permits and other In the first part of the report on bike
tions (RRU in French) notices parking in mobility centres, the
Although not very widespread, spe- A cargo bike is considered a conven-
Article 17 of Title 2 on housing6 In new projects, Brussels Environ- Fietsberaad Vlaanderen recommends
cific standards for cargo bike parking tional bike under the Traffic regula-
standards mentions bicycle parking ment recommends that a certain that 5% of the parking spaces should
are starting to emerge. This section tions as long as it is no more than 1m
(1 per dwelling), but there is no pro- number of parking spaces equipped be reserved for ‘non-standard’ bikes
will reiterate the rules in force in wide and, if electric, its motor cuts
vision for cargo bikes. Title 87 gives with inverted ‘‘U’’ shapes be en- in mobility points types 1 to 5 (all
Brussels before covering the recom- out when the bike reaches 25 km/h4.
the same kind of indication for the visaged to allow for the storage of SNCB stations, bus/tram stations
mendations and restrictions existing Bikes, including cargo bikes, cannot office function (1 conventional par- different types of bikes (cargo bikes, and large P+R car parks).
in other European cities. be parked5 on the road or in car king space per 200 m² of floor, with a bikes with trailers, tandems, etc.),
parking spaces. They must therefore minimum of 2 spaces). but no indication is given as to the
be parked on the pavement or in number of these parking spaces to be
A draft revision of the RRU went to
specific areas (indicated by an E9a envisaged.
public consultation in 2019 and pro-
sign plus an M1 sub-panel). It is also
posed a modification of these stan-
essential that they do not hinder or
dards: minimum of 1 conventional
endanger the movements of other
bicycle space per room for dwellings,
users (pedestrians), leaving them at
and, for every 10 parking spaces,
least 1.5 m of width, which means it
a specific space dimensioned to
is not possible for cargo bikes to park
allow the parking of cargo bikes (the
on all pavements.
Regional Mobility Commission even
proposed that one space out of 5
should be envisaged to allow the
parking of a cargo bike with a low
attachment device) and push bikes
(trailers). The proposed changes for
offices only concerned the number
of standard parking spaces
(1/100 m² of floor space) but not
parking spaces for cargo bikes. It
should be noted that this revision of
the RRU has not yet been definitively
approved by the Government.
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In the Netherlands In London In Copenhagen
In stations In Amsterdam Away from the roadside Away from the roadside Summary
ProRail, the Dutch public body res- In the paper on parking standards The London Plan 2021 includes, in The 2019 Municipal Plan requires a The regulations and recommen- such, if the revision of the
ponsible for managing the national for bikes and scooters11, the City of an addendum to its Chapter 10 on certain number of parking spaces per dations generally agree on the RRU is adopted and there is a
railway infrastructure, has stipulated Amsterdam specifies, in the chapter transport, cycle parking standards square meter of floor space based on proportion of 5% of spaces reserved general requirement 10% of the
in the station8 design regulations on the quality requirements for facili- for all uses in the plan (ranging from building15 use. For housing, student for cargo bikes. bike spaces dedicated to cargo
that the percentage of bikes parking ties, that bike parking facilities must hospitality to housing to hospitals), housing, offices and retail (excluding
It should be noted that in all these bikes for new housing buildings,
facilities reserved for ‘non-standard’ offer a sufficient number of off-street for both short and long term parking. shopping centres), 1 specific par-
cities/places the amount of im- the absolute number of spaces
bikes must be 2%. parking spaces for bikes that deviate It also specifies12 that spaces must king space for cargo bikes must be
posed/recommended spaces for dedicated to cargo bikes would
from the standard: at least 5% of the be made available for short- and developed for every 500 m² of floor
In Utrecht conventional bikes is much higher remain much higher in other
spaces must allow for the parking of long-term parking for non-standard area. For day care establishments, 1
than the Brussels standards. As cities than in Brussels.
Since 2019, the city of Utrecht9 has wide bikes, with a minimum of 1 m bicycles (including cargo bikes), space per 250 m² of floor area must
specified the number of bike storage between the spaces without specifying the number of be developed. For other functions,
facilities away from the roadside that spaces to be provided. including schools, a specific study
are necessary for a range of func- On roads needs to justify the number of places
In addition, the London Cycling
tions (housing, museums, schools, Parking is regulated by specific par- to be provided. BE/ Brussels Recommandation 10% of the conventional parking spaces Away from roadside
Design13 Standards recommends
etc.), and requires that at least 5% of king signs RVV E08.
that at least 5% of spaces should be BE/ Flanders Recommandation 5% of conventional parking spaces in Away from roadside
the parking spaces be reserved for On roads
the mobility points (1 to 5)
suitable for cargo bikes.
‘non-standard’ bikes. The city of Copenhagen is imple-
NL/ Stations Requirement 2% of the conventional parking spaces Away from roadside
On roads menting pilot projects, which have
In Rotterdam NL/ Utrecht Requirement 5% of the conventional parking spaces Away from roadside
resulted, inter alia, in the creation
The London Cycling Design14 Stan- NL/ Rotterdam
The Regulations on the parking stan- and testing of new on-street parking
Requirement 5% of the conventional parking Away from roadside
dards recommends that at least one
dards for cars and bicycles of the mu- facilities for cargo bikes (some of Requirement 3 spaces in front of every crèche On roads
facility in each group of facilities pre-
nicipality of Rotterdam10 stipulates which are presented in the sheets), NL/ Amsterdam Requirement 5% of the conventional parking spaces Away from roadside
sent in the public space should allow
a certain number of bike parking but these pilots have not yet been
for the parking of a cargo bike, for EN / London Recommandation 5% of the conventional parking spaces Away from roadside
spaces per function, of which at least replicated on a large scale.
example, and envisage guaranteed Recommandation 1 facility reserved for each group of On roads
5% of the parking spaces must be facilities
clearance from the adjacent facility.
designed to accommodate
DK/ Copenhagen Requirement 1 facility per 500 m² floor area for Away from roadside
‘non-standard’ bikes and/or housing, offices, shops
scooters. In addition, it stipulates
a minimum of 3 parking spaces for
cargo bikes in front of all crèches.
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Ease of access Signing (Feeling of) security Storage and access to Maintenance
electricity
Due to their large volume and weight, As is the case with conventional Signing becomes very useful when it Cargo bikes represent an investment Depending on the use, some users As with conventional bike parking,
cargo bikes can be considered as bikes, general recommendations comes to parking for cargo bikes. of several thousand euros, and insu- and professionals highlighted the some facilities will require regular
the PRM of bikes. Besides suitable apply, such as the shortest and most rance against theft is increasingly need for storage space for the small maintenance to ensure the integrity
On the one hand, the different facili-
facilities, these characteristics imply direct access possible between restricting the applications of these equipment accompanying the cargo of the facility, but also to keep it clear
ties require the stipulation reserved
different considerations when it entrances/exits and final destina- bikes. The issues of theft, the feeling bike (helmets, fluorescent vests, of detritus and abandoned bikes
for cargo bikes’ on the site in order to
comes to parking. tions, sufficient space available for of insecurity and how to protect your- ponchos, gloves, etc.). Professional cluttering it up.
avoid them being used by conventio-
manoeuvring, etc. More specifically self accordingly seemed essential users have even more needs, as they
nal bikes. In many places in Amsterdam, par-
for cargo bikes, the following points to both the experts we met and the may also need to store tools, consu-
king on the facility is limited to
of attention concern parking spaces On the other hand, using tactile paint survey respondents. mables, etc.
14 days for the same bike.
on roads and away from the roadside. makes it possible to warn PRM and
The presence of surveillance came- Moreover, the vast majority of cargo
the visually impaired that there are
On roads ras and lighting are the two features bikes are electric, and the time re-
potential obstacles in their path (e.g.
that seem most reassuring to users. quired to charge the batteries is quite
Using a heavy and bulky cargo bike low racks).
long. It should be noted that the
is made easier by certain roadside fa- In addition, the presence of bicycle
Ideally, clear and distinct signing battery is a key point regarding theft:
cilities: continuous paths, no kerbs to pumps is generally appreciated,
should be used for all cargo many users remove it to avoid their
climb and hard and stable surfaces. especially in certain key locations for
bike-specific parking spaces or sites bike being stolen.
long-term parking (stations, offices,
Away from the roadside in the BCR, with a view to consistent
etc.). Access to a battery charging point
and effective communication.
For parking away from the roadside, (single socket) could therefore be
it is also important to consider that provided in long-term, secure parking
there are no potential obstacles areas. For example, there are specific
(kerbs) in the way of the access. Par- secure boxes for recharging batteries
ticular attention must be paid to the and storing small equipment, which
gradient of the road, which is more also ensure safety against overhea-
challenging for a cargo bike than for ting of the batteries during charging.
a conventional bike. Gates, if any,
should ideally be opened automa-
tically by push buttons to facilitate
entry and exit of heavy vehicles.
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THE PRIVATE NEEDS IN THE BCR
Afin de conforter cette hypothèse, les Il est à noter que le relevé des vélos
(Long-term) night-time
deux sources ont été combinées et croi- stationnés dans l’espace public la nuit
demand
sées avec le relevé des vélos (classiques indique très peu de vélos cargo, ce qui
In order to establish the most rele- In order to understand the needs in To visualise this reflection, two In
et order
cargo)tostationnés
confirm this hypothesis,
de nuit dans l’es- renforce l’hypothèse selon laquelle le
vant recommendations as to where to terms of long-term night-time parking sources were combined: the two sources were combined
pace public, qui est un indicateur andde stationnement sécurisé est un enjeu
prioritise the development of specific facilities/locations, various elements The study ‘Espaces partagés, cross-referenced
cette with
problématique the survey
typiquement clef du développement du vélo cargo à
private parking for cargo bikes, diffe- were combined. espaces disputés’16 (Shared spaces, of bikes (conventional and
bruxelloise. La carte ci-dessous cargo)
confirme Bruxelles (vélos couteux et assurances
rent types of needs were explored: disputed spaces) carried out in 2012 parked
ainsi queatles
night in public
quartiers spaces,
les plus critiques de moins en moins couvrantes).
Firstly, the most critical districts are
differentiating the typologies of the which is an indicator of this
en ce qui concerne le stationnement typically
Long-term night-time demand; those with a traditional Brussels ur-
Brussels urban fabric: Brussels
vélo, doncproblem. The
vélo cargo, map
sont below
repris par la
ban fabric. Indeed, the single-family
Long-term day-time demand; combinaison
confirms thatdethe
cesmost
sources.
critical
homes (whether or not they have
districts in terms of bike parking, i.e.
Short-term day-time demand. Once since been split up) that make up
cargo bikes, are covered by the com-
identified, these needs were mapped, this fabric generally have an elevated
bination of these sources.
a process that highlighted various access from the road (several steps)
areas that were particularly suitable and a narrow or steep entrance hall It should be noted that the survey t
for developing cargo bike parking in (staircase), serving one family or of bikes parked in public spaces at
the BCR. several households depending on night indicates very few cargo bikes,
whether the initial dwelling was split which reinforces the hypothesis
up. These houses therefore have that secure parking is a key issue
little in the way of space for storing for the development of cargo bikes
The maps presented on the
conventional bikes, and make it al- Closed and semi-open residential in Brussels (expensive bikes and
following pages are available in typologie
most impossible to store cargo bikes. increasingly less insurance cover).
larger format in Annex F.
A study by Brussels17 Environment
proposing a classification of statisti-
cal sectors according to their urban
typology:
Bikes parked overnight in public spaces
(on or off the parking facilities) are al-
most entirely in districts with a typically
closed Brussels residential fabric
‘Closed’ type neighbourhoods with
blocks featuring greenery or not
22
2 2I pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 23Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
The following were added to the com- These last three points provide infor-
bination of priority districts: mation on the districts where the use
A la combinaison des quartiers priori- oflescargo
quartiers
bikesoù l’utilisation
is highest, andde vélos
where
vehicle
taire ontaccess (representing
été additionnés: cargo est la plus forte, et où la de-
the demand for parking is therefore
buildings with potential parking away mande
les accès carrossables (représentant also high.en stationnement l’est donc
from the roadside). This cross-refe- également.
les bâtiments disposant potentielle-
rencing makes it possible to indicate These different elements of analysis
ment de stationnement hors voirie). Ces différents éléments d’analyse ont
the districts where the problem is were combined
été croisés cartographically
de manière and
cartographique
Ce croisement permet d’indiquer les
most acute, and highlights the possi- the
pour result is the
aboutir à laattached map.LaThe
carte ci-joint. com-
quartiers où la problématique est ren-
bility of finding spaces away from the combination highlights the most
binaison permet de mettre en avant les
forcée, et met en lumière la possibilité
roadside to share for others. critical
quartiersdistricts
les plusincritiques
terms ofen parking
termes
de trouver des espaces hors voirie à
for cargo bikes: these are the
de stationnement pour vélos cargo : il darkest
thepartager
results pour d’autres.
of the survey (see map
areas
s’agit with
des the most
zones lescoloured dots et
plus foncées
below);
les résultats de l’enquête (voir carte ci
(blue and red).
présentant le plus de points de couleur
the-dessous);
location of cargo bikes parked
(bleus et rouges).
onthe
la localisation des
road at night 18 vélos cargo station-
;
nés en voirie la nuit18
the location of requests for a cargo
la localisation des demandes pour
bike space in the bike boxes19;
obtenir une place pour vélo cargo
dans les box vélos19
Ces trois derniers points renseignent sur
Municipalities with the
most (potential) cargo bike
Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
users
Communes abritant le plus DeLong-term
mande longuenight-time
durée de nuit demand
d’utilisateurs (potentiels) de Demandeur
vélos cargo Applicantinscrit
on thesur liste list for a
waiting
d’attente
‘cargo bike’ space in a «bike
pour une place cargo
box»at
en box vélo au domicile
home (parking.brussels, 2021)
(parking.brussels, 2021)
Cargo bike parked in the public
Vélospace
cargoatstationné
night dans l’espace
public la nuit (parking.brussels,
(parking.brussels, 2020)
2020)
Vehicle access
Accès carrossable
(parking.brussels, 2020)
(parking.brussels, 2020)
Cartographic combination of
Combinaison cartographique des
priority districts/areas (the
quartiers/zones prioritaires (les
‘darker’ areas combine more
zones les plus « foncées » combi-
favourable criteria) 1 : 65 000e
nent plus de critères favorables)
24 25
24
2 4I pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 25Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
Long-term day-time
demand
Demande de jour longue durée
The Les
needbesoins en dispositifs/lieux
for long-term parking de sta-
tionnement longue
facilities/locations durée
during thededay
jour
is sont
généralement ceux relatifs au stationne-
generally related to parking at home
ment à domicile (identiques donc à ceux
(i.e. the same as at night) but also
de nuit) mais également liés aux dépla-
related to commuting (multiple jour-
cements vers les lieux de travail (chaine
neys, after dropping off child(ren)).
de déplacements, après la dépose d’en-
The fant(s)).
attached map therefore com-
bines the following destination
La carte ci-joint combine dès lors les
zones:zones de destination suivantes:
the administrative zones of the
les zones administratives du Plan Ré-
Regional Land
gional Use Plan (PRAS),
d’Affectation du Sol (PRAS),
concentrating a priori
concentrant ondes
a priori offices;
bureaux ;
the effective
la densitédensity
effectiveofde bureaux occu-
occupied
officespés
perpar quartier
district of du
themonitoring,
monitoring;
lesand
ailway gares et stations
metro de métro,
stations, as comme
pointspoints
intermodal d’intermodalité
for longerdans le cas de
journeys.
trajets plus longs.
Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
Long-term day-time demand
Administrative zone in the PRAS
DemanConcentration
de longue duréin
e doffice
e jourspace
(perspective.brussels 2021)
SNCB stations
Metro stations
1 : 65 000e
26 27
26
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Short-term day-time
demand
Demande de jour courte durée
TheLademand
demande en stationnement
for short-term parking de En ce qui concerne l’eenfance, l’enquête
courte
during thedurée
day isencharacterised
journée est caractéri-
on a permis de mettre en lumière que les
thesée
oned’une
handpart par les lieux
by locations andet activités lieux plébiscités pour ce type de besoin
liés à l’enfance,
activities et d’autre
in connection withpart par les étaient en priorité les écoles et
lieux and on thed’approvisionnement
children, other hand by crèches, lieux quotidiens générateurs
(commerces). de déplacements, ainsi que les aires de
supply points (shops).
jeux et les espaces verts publics, visités
As regards children, the survey de manière hebdomadaire voire plus.
showed that the main locations for La carte ci-joint localise ces lieux priori-
this type of need were schools and taires.
crèches, for which people need
to travel on a daily basis, as well
as playgrounds and public green
spaces, which are visited on a weekly
basis or even more frequently.
The attached map shows these
priority locations.
Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
Short-term day-time demand
Schools
(perspective.brussels, 2021)
Demande courte durée de jour
Crèches
Ecoles (perspective.brussels,
(perspective.brussels, 2021)
2021)
Crèches (perspective.brussels,
Playgrounds
2021)
(Brussels Environment, 2012)
Aires de jeux
Public (Bruxelles
green spacesEnvironne-
ment, 2012)
(and entrances) (Brussels
Espaces verts publics
Environment, 2009)(et entrées)
(Bruxelles Environnement, 2009) 1 : 65 000e
28 29
28
2 8I pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 29Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
Even though they are used less
frequently, cultural and sports
facilities in connection with children
Même si leur usage est moins fréquent,
were also cited by the survey
les équipements culturels et sportifs en
respondents for this type
lien avec l’enfance ont of parking été
également
need.
mentionnés par les répondants de l’en-
Asquête
such,pour ce type
sports de besoin
centres, en station-
swimming
nement.
pools, theatres, cinemas, museums,
libraries, multimedia
Dès lors, les centresspaces, cultural
sportifs, piscines,
centres and other creative centres
salles de spectacle, cinémas, musées,
have been indicated
bibliothèques, on a separate
espaces multimédia,
centres culturels et autres centres de
map.
créativités ont été indiqués sur une
carte à part.
Demande courte durée de jour
Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
Short-term day-time demand
Cultural and sports facilities in connec-
tion with children (ADT, 2011)
Sports centres
Swimming pools
Theatres
Cinemas
Museums
Libraries
Multimedia spaces
Cultural centres
1 : 65 000e
Creativity centres
30 31
30
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The second type of short-term day-
time parking need is connected with
shops. The attached map therefore
Le deuxième
pinpoints type de
the weekly besointhat
markets relatif au
stationnement
take place in the de BCR,jouralldethe
courte durée
active
est liédistinguishing
shops, aux commercebetween
s. La cartefood
ci-joint
localise dès lors les marchés
shops and post offices, as well as the hebdoma-
daires Local
existing tenus Identity
en RBC,Hubs l’ensemble
(NIL in des
commerces
French) actifsin the
identified en Regional
distinguant les
commerces alimentaires
Sustainable Development Plan et les points
« poste
(PRDD in », ainsi que les Noyaux d’Identi-
French).
té Locale (NIL) existant identifiés au Plan
Régional de Développement Durable
(PRDD).
Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
Short-term day-time demand
Weekly markets
(BRAT, 2021)
Demande courte durée de jour
Food shops (supermarkets, etc.)
(hub.brussels, 2021)
Post offices (bpost, 2021)
Shops (all types)
(hub.brussels, 2021)
Local identity hub (PRDD, 2019)
1 : 65 000e
33
3 232
32 I pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 33Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
Opportunities
Besides
Opportthe
uniténeeds,
s the opportuni-
ties for the development of parking
Outres les besoins, les opportunités
specifically for cargo bikes were also
liées au développement du stationne-
mapped out. The following
ment spécifique were
au vélo cargo ontiden-
égale-
tified as opportunities:
ment été cartographiées. Ont été identi-
fiées comme
Cambio opportunités:
stations: this operator is
Les stations
studying Cambio:ofcet
the possibility opérateur
renting
étudie cargo
out shared la possibilité
bikes atde somemettre
of itsdes
vélos cargo partagés en location dans
stations
certaines de ses bornes
BePark car parks: this operator has
Les parkings BePark: cet opérateur
recently started offering (conventio-
propose depuis peu du stationnement
nal) bike parking and is studying the
vélo (classique) et étudie la possibilité
possibility of providing more specific
d’accueillir plus spécifiquement des
parking for cargo bikes
vélos cargo
Public car parks:
Les parkings management
publics: of a été
leur gestion
these has been
confiée entrusted to parking.
à parking.brussels, qui est
brussels, which is also the operator
également l’opérateur en charge du
in charge
parkingof public
publicdesparking
vélos for bikescar-
et vélos
and cargo bikes. There is therefore
go. Une opportunité existe ainsi de
an opportunity
développer to dudevelop specificspéci-
stationnement
parking
fiquein dans
the spare spaces résiduels
les espaces in cer- de
Opportunites
tain certains
car parks, or even voire
parkings, to transform
de transfor-
Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
certain
merparking spaces
certaines for de
places motor
stationne- OpportunEmpty
ités commercial unit
mentinto
vehicles motorisé
spacesparfor
des emplacements
bikes and (hub.brussels, 2021)
cargo pour vélos et vélos cargo.
bikes. Cambio Station (utilisation rate)
(Cambio, 2020)
Public car parks (Mobigis, 2021)
BePark car parks (BePark, 2021)
High potential (usable vacant
space)
Medium potential (not much
usable space)
Low potential
No potential 1 : 65 000e
3 434
34 I pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 35 3 5RECOMMENDATIONS
By combining the identified and Although quantified standards are Furthermore, it is advisable to
pinpointed (zones/locations), the proposed, it is important to remember envisage more parking than there
most suitable secure facilities and that observation on the ground, is demand, as a well-designed in-
spaces and ongoing trials, or ini- analysis of the needs in terms of the frastructure will have a definite draw
tiatives tested here and elsewhere, public, the functioning and the spe- effect and will lead to an increase in
it is possible to make a series of cific characteristics of the locations the number of users, which entails
recommendations to meet the varied around which to develop specific the risk of being saturated more qui-
demand for parking for cargo bikes. parking for cargo bikes, remains the ckly than initially anticipated.
best technique for identifying parti-
Based on the mapping of the needs
cular needs: for example, swimming
by type of parking (night-time, long-
pools with smaller pools for children
term daytime, short-term daytime),
or children’s games will have more
zones have been defined where inter-
need for cargo bike parking than
ventions should be concentrated as a
pools with only a large pool, even
priority. These maps are presented in
if they are located in municipalities
attachment and then repeated in the
with more cargo bike users.
specific pages of each recommenda-
tion.
Besides the priority areas for inter-
vention, this part of the study will
examine the most suitable methods
of intervention, pinpoint the asso-
ciated opportunities, propose quan-
tified standards and identify specific
points of attention.
36
3 6I pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 37LONG-TERM NIGHT-TIME PARKING
General Modalities for intervention Standards Points ofPoattention
ints d’att
tteenti
tio
on PriorityZozones
nes priorfor
itairintervention
es d’interventi
tioon
In view of the duration and period of The fastest solution to implement is 5-10% of bike parking spaces away The main Les
pointspoints d’attention
of attention forpour
this ce type Ces zones
de zones
These sont on
are shown représentées
the dans la
parking, the priority is to implement one where existing conventional bike from the roadside should at least stationnement
type of parking sont d’assurer
are to ensure comfor- un confort carte
map below. ci-dessous.
They Elles ont
were defined by été définies
secure solutions. parking facilities in secure locations be adapted and ideally dedicated to d’accès
table access aux
to the emplacements
parking spaces dédiéscombining
aux en croisant la concentration
the concentration of des fac-
are adapted: ensure the availability cargo bikes in new residential and dedicatedvélos cargo.
to cargo Puisqu’il
bikes. Sincesont a priori situés
they teurs
favourable favorables
factors in the des quartiers (zones
districts
In the vast majority of requests for roses foncées de la carte des pages 24
of a specific space at the end of the public car park developments. are a priorihors voirie,
located les from
away conditions
the de pente et pink areas on the map on pages
(dark
this type of parking, proximity to the et 25), les endroits où sont stationnés
row of racks and/or place low racks d’obstacles
roadside, the à obstacles
gradient and franchir (bordures,
24 and 25), the places where cargo
home is a crucial element to take To this end, the municipal and
(preferably waves) in addition to the portes…)
to be traversed doivent
(kerbs, gates, optimisés. bikes areles
êtreetc.) vélos cargo dans l’espace public la
parked in public spaces at
into account: the closer the parking regional administrations issuing nuit ainsi que les domiciles des per-
existing facilities, while ensuring ap- La mise en lumière jouera également
must be optimised. en and the homes of people on the
night
facility is to the home, the more permits should be informed of this sonnes inscrites sur la liste d’attente
propriate signing to prioritise cargo faveur du sentiment de sécuritéwaiting des list for specific bike boxes.
attractive it is. Cargo bike users who approach, and the office in charge of Lighting will also enhance the feeling pour des box vélos spécifiques. Lors-
bikes in these spaces. locataires de l’espace, et la mise à dispo-
Where the intensity of these factors
rent a parking space outside their revising the Regional urban planning of security for the people renting the que l’intensité de ces facteur était
sition d’un petit espace de stockage was less significant, the zone was
home usually have it on their street. In the medium term, large pockets regulations (RRU), which is currently parking space, and providing a small moins importante, la zone a été définie
sécurisé où une batterie peut êtredefined re- as secondary.
of parking away from the roadside underway (Good Living), should be secure storage area where a battery comme secondaire.
chargée augmentera également son
should be developed by mobilising approached. can be recharged will also increase
intérêt.
public car parks: installing low racks its appeal.
Similarly, if management contracts
(preferably waves) in addition to
are concluded or renewed for public
existing bike facilities or even instal-
car parks, clauses to this effect
ling crosses in the place of parking
should be incorporated to oblige the
spaces (which provide sufficient
private concessionaires in charge of
manoeuvring space in the front and
the management.
at the rear), where this is appropriate.
Also in the medium term, parking
spaces away from the roadside
should also be mobilised to develop
small pockets of secure parking
throughout the territory, by targeting
the (co-)owners of vehicle accesses.
Priorité de nuit longue durée
Long-term night-term priority
Zones prioritaires
PriorityZones
zonessecondaires 1 : 150 000e
Secondary zones 39
38
3 8I pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 39Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
Opportunities
Public
Oppocar
rtunparks
ités and BePark car
parks
Les parkings in
located the priority
publics inter- Be-
et les parkings
vention zone were
Park situés dansidentified
la zone and prioritaire
added
d’intervention ont été identifiés etan
to the map. They represent ajou-
opportunity to develop
tés à la carte. long termune
Ils représentent ren-op-
table parking
portunité d’yspaces there,des
développer withemplace-
the
guarantee of having
ments louables sur alereserved space.
long terme, avec
l’assurance
Vehicle d’y avoir
accesses haveune place
also réservée.
been
Les accès
added to the carrossables
mapping as theyont également
été ajoutés
represent à la cartographie
an opportunity for thepuisqu’ils
représentent une opportunité
development of space sharing away de déve-
fromloppement
the roadsidede partage d’espace hors
with a subscrip-
voirie avec abonnement, géré par par-
tion, managed by parking.brussels or
king.brussels ou un autre opérateur
another private operator.
privé.
Cambio stations
Les stations have ont
Cambio alsoégalement
been été
included on the map, since the
reprises sur la carte puisque la zoneprio-
rityd’intervention
interventionprioritaire
zone is also
est where
également
thecelle
parking situation is the most
où la situation est la plus défavo-
unfavourable
rable en termesand sharing cargo bikeset
de stationnement
is an
quealternative
le partagetode buying
vélos one. The
cargo repré-
target audience for this opportunity
sente une alternative à l’achat. Le public
is therefore people
visé par cette who do est
opportunité notdonc
yet celui
Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
own quia ne
cargo bike. pas encore de vélo car-
possède
go.
Long-term night-time
opportunities
Opportunités de nuit longue durée
High potential BePark car parks
(usable vacant space)
Public car parks
The most suitable Cambio stations
Interesting zones for long-term
night-time parkingt
Priority
Secondary
1 : 65 000e
440040
I pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels pa r k i n g s t r at e g y f o r c a r g o b i k e s - brussels 41 4 1Stratégie de stationnement pour vélos cargo - Bruxelles
LONG-TERM DAY-TIME PARKING
General Modalities for intervention Standards Points of attention Priority zone for intervention
Points d’att
tteenti
tio
on Zone prioritaire d’interventi tio
on
In view of the duration of parking, The fastest solution to implement is 5-10% of bike parking spaces away The main points of attention for La zone The priority zone was defined
prioritaire a été définies sur on
Les points d’attentions pour ce type de
the priority is to implement secure one where existing conventional bike from the roadside should at least this type of parking are to ensure base de the la localisation exacte des bu- of the
basis of the exact location
stationnement sont d’assurer un confort
solutions. parking facilities in secure locations be adapted and ideally dedicated to comfortable access to the parking reaux (reprise officesdans
(taken from the office
l’observatoire des obser-
d’accès aux emplacements dédiés aux
and/or in public spaces are adapted: cargo bikes for employees in new spaces dedicated to cargo bikes. For bureaux vatory carriedpar
réalisé out byperspec-
perspective.
Proximity to the point of destination vélos cargo. Pour les emplacements
ensure the availability of a specific non-residential building projects parking spaces located away from the brussels
tive.brussels
20
en 2017in 2017).
20
). LesAspoints
the points
is one element to be taken into situés hors voirie, les conditions de
space at the end of the row of racks (offices, economic activities, major roadside, the gradient and obstacles relatifs aux stations de métro et aux and
related to the metro stations
account: the most attractive parking pente et d’obstacles à franchir
and/or place low racks (preferably infrastructure, etc.) and public car to be
(bordures, traversed
portes…) (kerbs,
doivent êtregates, etc.) gares étant
optimi- railway
des stations
points deare specific desti-
destination
facilities are those located at or near
waves) in addition to the existing parks. must
sés. Pour les be optimised.
dispositifs For facilities
en voirie, le con- onspécifiques,
nation points,
ils ont été they have been
conservés « à kept
the workplace, and those located to
facilities, while ensuring appropriate fort et the roadside,
la sécurité desthe comfort and
manœuvres doi-safety
part » de‘separate’
cette zone.from this zone.
optimise intermodality and access to To this end, the municipal and
signing to prioritise cargo bikes in of manoeuvring must be
vent être assurés (débordement sur la ensured
a public transport stop. regional administrations issuing
these spaces. voirie, (protruding into thepour
passage de bordure road,y crossing
accé-
permits should be informed of this
In the medium term, large pockets approach, and the office in charge of der…). the kerb to access it, etc.).
of parking away from the roadside revising the Regional urban planning La miseLighting parking
en lumière des spaces away from
emplacements
should be developed by mobilising regulations (RRU), which is currently hors voirie jouera également
the roadside en faveur the
will also enhance
public car parks: installing low racks underway (Good Living), should be du sentiment
feelingdeof sécurité
securitydesfor locataires
the people ren-
(preferably waves) in addition to approached. de l’espace, et laparking
ting the mise à disposition
space, andd’un
providing
existing bike facilities or even instal- petit espace
a smallde stockage
secure sécurisé
storage où
area where
Similarly, if management contracts
ling crosses in the place of parking une batterie peut être rechargée aug-
a battery can be recharged will also
are concluded or renewed for public
spaces (which provide sufficient mentera également
increase son intérêt.
its appeal.
car parks, clauses to this effect
manoeuvring space in the front and
should be incorporated to oblige the
at the rear), where this is appropriate.
private concessionaires in charge of
In the medium term, parking spaces the management.
away from the roadside should also
be mobilised to develop pockets of
secure parking in employment areas,
targeting, among others, corporate
landlords renting offices in the BCR.
Priorité de jour longue durée
Long-term day-time priority
Zones prioritaires
Priority zones
Gares SNCB
SNCB stations 1 : 150 000e
Stations de métro
Metro stations
43
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