National Poultry Improvement Program - Blood Tester Schools - 2020 COVID-19 Impacted Sessions - Arkansas Department of ...

National Poultry Improvement Program
            Blood Tester Schools – 2020
            COVID-19 Impacted Sessions

Introduction to NPIP Blood Tester Schools – 2020
• New applicants will need to contact the Arkansas NPIP Office.         • On-Line Instructional Program
  Please call (501) 823-1717 and leave message if necessary.                • NPIP History and Functions
•    Renewal notices will be sent to past applicants at the most                 • Randolph Chick, DVM
    recent address on file with NPIP.                                                 • Arkansas State Veterinarian
• Those required to test will be sent information and materials as
  needed. Renewals will be sent a statement for the amount owed.            • NPIP Biosecurity
• Instruction and Testing Procedures….                                          • Andrea Andrews
• Written test will be mailed to the address provided via voicemail -                • Arkansas NPIP Coordinator
  or on file from past registrations.
• You will need to access the instructional video on the Livestock          • Poultry PT Blood Testing School
  and Poultry page of the ADA website.                                          • Terry Conger, DVM, PhD
  A. ADA Home page - https://www.agriculture.arkansas.gov                             • USDA-APHIS-VS Epidemiologist
  B. Then tap “Livestock and Poultry” – white bar across top
  C. Touch on icon button for “Poultry Health/NPIP Programs”
  D. Look for “Blood Testing School Information (mid-page):”                • Poultry Diseases Associated with the NPIP Program
• No internet? Paper copies are available by request. Please relay              • Dustan Clark, DVM, PhD
  this information to folks you know are interested.                                  • University of Arkansas Extension Poultry
                                                                                        Veterinarian
• Complete the test, mail back to NPIP with correct fees to:
          Arkansas Department of Agriculture
          National Poultry Improvement Plan Office                          • Blood Sampling Procedures for PT Testing
          1 Natural Resources Drive                                             • Scharidi Barber
          Little Rock, AR 72205
                                                                                      • U of A Extension Poultry - Youth Programs
NPIP Tester cards will be mailed to you after successful completion
of testing.

NPIP History and Functions
• The National Poultry Improvement Plan (NPIP) is a cooperative Federal-State-Industry program
  established in the 1930’s to coordinate programs for the elimination of pullorum disease
  (Bacillary White Diarrhea or BWD), caused by Salmonella pullorum.
• Dr. Leo Rettger in 1899 determined the cause of pullorum disease (Salmonella pullorum)
  Diagnostic blood test for infection of poultry by S. pullorum was developed by Dr. F.S. Jones in
  1913.
• The greatest single factor limiting the early poultry industry, this disease caused nearly 80 percent
  mortality in young birds.
• Pullorum is transmitted from a hen to her chicks via the egg. A number of states started statewide
  pullorum testing programs in the early 1920’s and a few breeding flocks were being identified as
  free of pullorum.
• The start of the present-day program became operational on July 1, 1935, was named the
  National Poultry Improvement Plan and was subsequently adopted by 47 states.
• The National Turkey Improvement Plan (NTIP) was activated on Sept. 25, 1943.
• On Dec. 3, 1971, the two plans were combined under one title, “the NPIP,” with provisions
  applicable to the different types of poultry. The 47 original states plus Nevada (in 1994) became
  responsible for the blood testing and subsequent classification for various disease control
  programs of more than 3 billion breeding chickens and 250 million breeding turkeys during the
  first 70 years.

• Other significant events in the history of the NPIP:
• MG was found to be egg-transmitted like pullorum disease and was added to the NPIP
  for chickens in 1965 and for turkeys in 1966.
• Mycoplasma synoviae (MS - cause of Infectious Synovitis in turkeys and chickens) was
  found to be egg transmitted and was added to the NPIP as a “plan disease” in 1974.
• In 1983, Mycoplasma meleagridis (MM) was added to the NPIP for turkey breeder
  flocks.
• In the late 1980’s Salmonella enteritidis (SE) surfaced as a human health problem. This
  salmonella is often egg transmitted; the SE program was added to NPIP in 1989.
• Development of the global marketplace in the 1990’s led to exports of poultry genetic
  stock and poultry meat - trading partners wanted assurances that products originated
  from flocks free of avian influenza (AI); “U.S. Avian Influenza Clean” program for
  breeding chickens was established in 1998.
• In 2004 commercial production poultry (table-egg layers, broilers and meat-turkeys)
  were added as part of the NPIP.
• Delegates of the 37th biennial conference of the NPIP approved an H5/H7 Low
  Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI) Monitored classification for table-egg layers, broilers
  and meat-turkeys.

• The modern NPIP is a voluntary testing and certification program for poultry
  breeding flocks, hatched chicks & poults, hatching eggs, hatcheries, and dealers.
• Poultry are defined as domesticated chickens, turkeys, ostriches, emus, rheas,
  cassowaries, waterfowl, and game birds (except doves and pigeons) that are bred
  primarily to produce eggs and meat.
• One purpose of the NPIP is to provide support for new technology by establishing
  standards for the evaluation (testing) of poultry with respect to certain diseases.
• The diseases of concern to NPIP programs are avian influenza (fowl plague), S.
  pullorum (pullorum disease), S. gallinarum (fowl typhoid), S. enterica var.
  enteritidis, Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG, CRD or chronic respiratory
  disease/infectious sinusitis in turkeys), M. synoviae (MS, infectious synovitis), and
  M. meleagridis (MM, day-old airsacculitis).
• The NPIP also has programs for “U.S. Salmonella Monitored” and “U.S.
  Sanitation Monitored” that are designed to reduce the incidence of salmonella in
  hatching eggs, chicks, and poults through effective sanitation procedures at the
  breeder farm and in the hatchery.

• Three groups of participants are involved in the NPIP: independent flocks, hatcheries, and dealers
  engaged in production and sale of hatching eggs, baby chicks, poults, and started pullets.
• The vast majority of U.S. States prohibit the entry of any poultry shipments except those
  designated as pullorum-typhoid or “P-T” Clean. Essentially, such bans mean that poultry moving
  interstate are to participate in the “U.S. Pullorum-Typhoid Clean” program of the NPIP or be tested
  negative for pullorum-typhoid before leaving the origin.
• Fifteen states require that all imports of turkeys be MG clean; that requirement for turkeys
  moving interstate require participation in the “U.S. MG Clean” program of the NPIP or be tested
  free of MG before shipment.
• Most trading partners importing live poultry and processed products from the United States require
  NPIP participation. Each spring, APHIS publishes a directory of participants handling egg-type and
  meat-type chickens and turkeys and a directory of participants handling waterfowl, exhibition
  poultry, game birds, and ratites. These directories list hatcheries, independent flocks, and dealers
  participating in the NPIP, the products that they handle, and the disease programs participated in
  for testing.
• Further information about the program can be obtained from:
  http://www.poultryimprovement.org/default.cfm

• NPIP, USDA–APHIS –VS
  1506 Klondike Rd, Suite 101
  Conyers, GA 30094
• Andrea Andrews – Arkansas NPIP Coordinator
• Randolph Chick, DVM - Arkansas State Veterinarian