COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW

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COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
THE

 COUNTRY
      WOMAN                Volume 60 No 01   February 2021

                       1

      Flora and Fauna 2021:
       Pimelea and possum
        For all Women of NSW and the ACT
COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
Country Women’s Association of NSW Contacts
State Office                   State President                   State Vice President        Hospital Support
Level 2, 244 Coward St         Stephanie Stanhope                Ann Adams, OAM              Committee Secretary
Mascot NSW 2020                Ph: 0429 161 038                  Ph: 0428 387 753            Susan Hutchison
PO Box 222                     president@cwaofnsw.org.au         cannoel@bigpond.com         Ph: 02 6554 2185
Mascot NSW 1460                                                                              susan.hutchison@bigpond.
                               State Honorary Secretary          State Vice President
Ph: 02 8337 0200                                                                             com
                               Margaret Breust                   Judy Houghton
Fax: 02 8338 1595
                               secretary@cwaofnsw.org.au         Ph: 02 6342 3205            Agricultural &
info@cwaofnsw.org.au
                               0424 685 789                      judy.houghton01@gmail.com   Environmental Committee
Honorary Editor                                                  Chief Executive Officer     Secretary
                               State Honorary Treasurer
Sue-Ellen Hogan                                                  Danica Leys                 Robin Godwin
                               Anne Kotz
PO Box 1070                                                                                  Ph: 02 6888 5647
                               Ph: 0428 511 948                  Cultural Committee
Tamworth NSW 2340                                                                            robin.godwin@bigpond.com
                               treasurer@cwaofnsw.org.au         Secretary
sueellen.hogan@gmail.com
0409 929 632                   State International Officer       Yvonne Davis                “The Land” Cookery
                               Lyn Braico                        31 Tripoli Way              Committee Secretary
Communications and                                               Albion Park NSW 2527        Mary Hollingworth
                               Ph: 02 9487 2665
advertising                                                      Ph: 02 4256 4541            Ph: 0429 345 255
                               intl.cwaofnsw@gmail.com
Leah                                                             noddydavis54@gmail.com      tinkernanny@outlook.com
Ph: 02 8337 0200               State Agricultural &
communications@cwaofnsw.       Environmental Officer             Show Catering Committee     Social Issues Committee
org.au                         Tanya Jolly                       Secretary                   Secretary
                               Ph: 02 6975 6240                  Tracey Bonfante             Elizabeth O’Dwyer
Association Patron                                               Ph: 0402 508 856
                               allawah@bordernet.com.au                                      Ph: 0421 452 646
Her Excellency the                                               tippee165@hotmail.com       elizabethmarynash@
Honourable Margaret            State Social Issues Officer
                                                                 Handicraft Committee        hotmail.com
Beazley AC QC, Governor of     Bronwyn Dunston
                                                                 Secretary
New South Wales                Ph: 02 6576 4070
                                                                 Pam Wright
                               bronwyn_dunston@dodo.
                                                                 Ph: 02 6767 1044
                               com.au
                                                                 pamwright23@hotmail.com
                                                             1

Cover: Brushtail Possums by Yun Huang Yong. Back Cover: Pimelea.

►► The Country Woman is the official publication of the Country Women’s Association
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2  February 2021 The Country Woman
COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
Contents
State President’s Letter                 4

                                                                            Photo by Patrick Kavanagh

                                                                                                                 Photo by Allthingsnative
CEO’s Report                             5

News from State Office                   6

Advocacy Update                          6

Pygmy Possums in NSW                     7

Gliding possums                          8

Committee Reports                        9

Endangered Pimelea Species               13                             8                                  13
AGM Information Pull Out                 15

Welcome New Members                      22

Sudoku                                   24

Telstra Update                           25
                                                       1
Parental Leave Legislation               26

Celebrations                             27

From our Branches                        27

From our Groups                          31

From the Archives                        32                          15                                   32
From the Editor
Welcome to the first Journal of        and are looking forward to coming     Conference to go ahead this year,
2021! I hope all our members were      together again to commence our        incorporating important health
able to have an enjoyable holiday      busy schedule of social, formal       and safety aspects—just one way
season wherever they were. The         and community activities. Also        that 2021 is starting to look a little
December hotspot declarations          like many branches, advocacy will     brighter!
and lockdowns had me changing          be at the top our agenda as we
                                                                             As always, I hope you enjoying
my plans at the last minute, heading   start discussing and debating the
                                                                             reading this edition of the Journal
north to spend time with friends       motions put forward for the 2021
                                                                             and thank you to all our members,
rather than south to see family;       Conference. We are reminded of the
                                                                             branches and groups that have
however, I was still pleased to be     important role that CWA of NSW
                                                                             contributed.
able to take a break and spend time    plays in advocating and creating
with people important to me.           change for our communities. Last      Sue-Ellen Hogan,
                                       month we were greeted with the
Like many branches, my branch will                                           Hon Editor
                                       wonderful news of plans for the
be resuming meetings this month

                                                                      The Country Woman  February 2021             3
COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
State President’s Letter
                                           can face whatever is thrown at us.       childcare, health, work or whatever,
                                           In part because of our resilience, but   please let them know about the CWA
                                           also the support of our networks,        Virtual Branch. It is possible to be
                                           and each other.                          an active member without being a
                                                                                    member of a physical branch.
                                           Now COVID-19 is dictating how we
                                           interact and live in our communities.    With the Centenary of CWA of NSW
                                           We need to remain vigilant in what       approaching we need branches
                                           we do and how we live, but we            and groups to plan and organise
                                           need to continue living. Follow the      local activities to celebrate the
Welcome to 2021. What a difference
                                           guidelines issued by government,         occasion. It would be wonderful to
a year makes. This time last year,
                                           keep safe, but do not allow fear of      take this forward into the younger
after losing everything in the
                                           the unknown dictate what you do.         generations so that CWA can
bushfires, I was not even capable of
                                           Download the Service NSW App so          continue for another 100 years.
contemplating how to move forward
                                           you feel safer going out and about,
with my life, at the time it was a                                                  February executive will now be
                                           knowing that you can be very quickly
matter of existing. As I sit in my                                                  held in Dubbo. From there I will
                                           contacted if any cases pop up in
new home looking out over green                                                     be heading to Lismore for a Facts
                                           your area. Continue, or even begin,
pastures and recovering bushland, I                                                 Day. Then, COVID-19 restrictions
                                           to meet in your friendship, craft,
am thankful for all that I have. I would                                            permitting, I am planning to travel to
                                           chat groups. Keep your distance
not be in the space that I am today                                                 and meet with the members in the
                                           and wear a mask; there are ways to
without the support of my family,                                                   north eastern Groups in NSW.
                                           gather safely.
friends and complete strangers                                                      Too often we underestimate the
who have given me unconditional            We need to continue planning our
                                                                                    power of a smile, a kind word, a
support and encouragement this             activities as if they will go ahead.
                                                                                    listening ear, an honest compliment,
past year, thank you.                      If, later, we need to amend the
                                                                                    or the smallest act of caring, all of
                                           execution of those activities, then
It is remarkable how quickly the                                                    which have the potential to turn a
                                           we will. But we 1need to continue
landscape changes. From drought                                                     life around.
                                           planning with the expectation that
and fire, to bumper harvests,
                                           we will be able to fulfill our plans.
devastating storms, floods, lush
pastures and always the possibility        If you know of people who cannot         Stephanie
of returning drought. Yet we move          attend physical meetings, whether
forward with confidence that we            from mobility issues, distance,

  COVID Safe signage for branch meetings or events
  NSW Government signage is available to help remind members and visitors to keep COVID safe. Posters can be
  displayed in your CWA rooms or at your meeting venue. The artwork for floor dots is also available if needed to
  seperate people while queuing. Download the posters and floor dots from https://www.nsw.gov.au/covid-19/
  covid-safe/toolkit
  Always remember to follow your branch’s COVID Safe Plan and comply with all government requirements.

4  February 2021  The Country Woman
COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
CEO’s Report
                                         we are confident of being able to        We could have never envisaged
                                         hold a Conference and AGM, albeit        this colossal effort when we first
                                         under very different conditions to       began this work with a release of a
                                         normal. Please take the time to read     $100,000 from the Disaster Relief
                                         the information about conference         Fund. This is a huge effort that all
                                         in this journal and discuss at your      members can be proud of and has
                                         branch meetings as necessary.            made a real difference to many.
                                         The largest change for 2021 is that
                                                                                  I look forward to either seeing you
                                         there will be one delegate and one
                                                                                  at Bega in May or connecting with
                                         nominated observer per branch.
                                                                                  you in some way throughout the
Happy New Year to all members.           Whilst we hope for the best, we
                                                                                  year.
This time last year we were              also plan for the worst and should
starting off 2020 in unprecedented       COVID-19 conditions change again,        Kind regards,
circumstances with the bushfire          there will be further decisions made
                                                                                  Danica Leys,
crisis across the state and this         in relation to the Conference.
year we start off again, in unknown
                                                                                  Chief Executive Officer
                                         Our advocacy and policy work is
territory in relation to a global        more important than ever and our
pandemic. We are however, all            work continues in this area. Two
looking forward positively to what       significant achievements for CWA          Call for Nominations
2021 will bring.                         of NSW recently were the Regional         Nominations are called for the
This edition of the journal contains     Domestic Violence Roundtable,             following State Committees:
important information about the          undertaken in partnership with
planning and strategy for our            Domestic Violence NSW, and                Agricultural & Environmental,
upcoming conference in Bega.             the submission of our extensive           Cultural, Handicraft, Hospital
There is a pull-out in the centre        comments into the NSW Upper               Support, International, Show
which includes a draft program and       House Inquiry into the adequacy           Catering, Social Issues and ‘The
agenda. This document can be used        of health services1 in rural, regional    Land’ Cookery.
for discussion at branch meetings,       and remote areas of NSW. There is         Nominations close with the Chief
particularly around the motions.         an advocacy report in this edition of     Executive Officer on 31 March.
The pull-out also contains advance       the journal with full details of this
information for delegates prior to       work. We thank all the member that        Nomination forms must be
their registration at Conference.        assisted in filling out the survey for    accompanied by the completed
Please note, there may be some           the health services submission. We        relevant committee essential
additions to the motions section         had over 800 respondents which            selection criteria form.
as we receive final amendments, as       has made our submission a very            State Office Bearers will assess
well as final confirmations on the       strong one amongst many.                  nominations for ratification by
agenda program. A final email will       Our     drought    support     work       State Executive at their pre-
be sent to all delegates just before     continues, although we do envisage        conference Executive meeting.
the event with all of this information   this will be wrapping up soon as
and any last minute amendments                                                     Forms can be found on pages G
                                         much of the state finally sees some       14-1 to G 14-16 in the Procedures
and changes.                             significant rain. We have now             Manual or downloaded from the
At the time of writing this report,      distributed close to $19 million to       website.
                                         families in need since July 2018.

 Jam Drops and Marble Cake Now Available
 After previously being out-of-print, our baking cookbook—Jam Drops and Marble
 Cake—is back. This collection of recipes from The Land Cookery Competition is now
 available from State Office. It features a range of favourites including buttercakes,
 sponge cakes, biscuits, scones and more. First printed in 2012. Branches can purchase
 a box of 20 at a discounted price.
 Download an electronic order from (which calculates prices and postage) from www.
 cwaofnsw.org.au/orderform or shop online at www.cwaofnsw.org.au/onlineshop.
 Ensure you log in to receive member prices.

                                                                           The Country Woman  February 2021       5
COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
News from State Office
Branch Insurance 2021                   that the annual evaluation of safety     1st March at State Office.
                                        in meeting places is due to be
Association Liability Insurance,
                                        undertaken in March.                     Delegates’ forms
Personal Accident Policy, Public &
                                        The Work Health and Safety               Due to COVID-19 restrictions,
Products Liability Insurance are
                                        Resource Kit material should be used     Branch Delegates form has been
covered by the Association. In late
                                        to undertake your risk assessment        replaced with an online form
February, all Branch Secretaries will
                                        to ensure your meeting place is safe     found   at    https://tinyurl.com/
receive a Certificate of Currency
                                        for both members and those renting       cwastateconf.
to 1 March 2022, an Event Duty of
Care checklist, Injury Report form      CWA premises (if applicable). If your    This must be submitted online no
and an informative newsletter from      branch rents premises any issues         later than 7th March.
Scott & Broad which should be read      should be raised immediately with        If no one from your branch has
carefully. Branches with building       the landlord or owner.                   internet access call 02 8337 0200
and/or contents insurance will also     The WHS Resource Kit can be              for assistance.
receive a premium renewal advice,       downloaded from the website.
which is due for renewal directly to                                             Past State Presidents’
Scott & Broad by 31 March 2021. It      The Wagga Daily                          Award
is recommended the Duty of Care         Advertiser Publicity                     The Past State Presidents’ Award
checklist be used prior to any CWA      Officer’s Award                          recognises a branch who has
activity, whether on CWA owned                                                   made a significant contribution to
property or not. The Injury Report      This award is presented to a Branch
                                        or Group Publicity Officer each          the community during the last 12
form should be used if a person                                                  months. Entries close at the end
sustains an injury during a CWA         year for the report or collection of
                                        reports (not necessarily published)      of February. Information and the
function or on CWA property.                                                     entry form can be found in the
                                        that best portrays the ideals and
WHS Checklists Reminder                 activities that promote the aims and     Procedures Manual (G 18-1-706 & G
                                        work of the CWA. Entries are due by      19-1).
Groups and branches are reminded
                                                          1

 Advocacy Update
In December we co-hosted a              Rail Senate Inquiry in November.         of responses to our health survey
parliamentary       roundtable   to     Parts of the Inland Rail route are       which has formed the basis of our
discuss regional domestic violence      open for public comment, and             submission so we thank all members
concerns, with Domestic Violence        we are participating in the NSW          who completed the survey.
NSW. The Attorney General and           parliamentary inquiry into Inland
                                                                                 The Social Issues Committee has
Minister for Prevention of Domestic     Rail and Regional NSW.
                                                                                 joined the Keeping Women Out
Violence was in attendance, as well
                                        After receiving state Government         of Prison (KWOOP) alliance, and
as a guest appearances from the
                                        conditional approval in September,       holds a position on the ‘community
Minister of Regional Youth and
                                        the Santos Narrabri Gas Project          support’     subcommittee.      The
Women and the Shadow Minister
                                        was approved by the Federal              Coalition and the Subcommittee are
for Women and the Prevention
                                        Government in late November.             looking to raise awareness about
of Domestic and Family Violence.
                                        The CWA of NSW holds a position          the specific concerns surrounding
The Roundtable focused on three
                                        on the Community Consultation            women’s interaction with the
priority areas: Access to services
                                        Committee for the project which          criminal justice system, impacts
(geographical and social isolation,
                                        we are hopeful to maintain during        on families and children, as well as
lack of infrastructure), access
                                        the next phase of development and        support for transitioning back in to
to justice (police, justice system
                                        ensuring all conditions are strictly     the community and the prevention
and legal support), and access to
                                        adhered to.                              of re-entering the prison system.
affordable housing and access to
accommodation and support for           In January we sent our submission        As always we continue to encourage
victim-survivors. We have written       in to the NSW Parliamentary Inquiry      members to be in touch with the
a co-branded letter to the Minister     into health outcomes and access to       policy manager or the relevant
with specific actions and requests      health and hospital services in rural,   Committees about any and all
identified at the roundtable.           regional and remote New South            advocacy and policy issues that we
                                        Wales. We received a large number        can incorporate into our work.
We   participated   in   the   Inland

6  February 2021  The Country Woman
COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
Pygmy Possums in NSW
Eastern Pygmy-possum                         hectares.                                snow melts in spring.
(Cercartetus nanus)                       ▪▪ Young can be born whenever food       ▪▪ Seventy percent of the diet
                                             sources are available; however,          is invertebrates such as the
Description:     Eastern     Pygmy-          most births occur between late           migratory      Bogong      Moth,
possums are small (15 to 43 grams)           spring and early autumn.                 caterpillars, beetles, spiders
active climbers, with almost bare,
prehensile (capable of curling and
                                          ▪▪ Agile climbers but can be caught         and millipedes; the remainder
                                             on the ground in traps, pitfalls or      comprises fruits and seeds from
gripping) tails, and big, forward-                                                    species such as the Mountain
                                             postholes; generally nocturnal.
pointing ears. They are light-brown
fur on their back and white under         ▪▪ Frequently spends time in                Plum Pine and Snow Beard-
                                                                                      heath.
                                             torpor especially in winter, with
their belly. Adults have a head and
body length between 70–110 mm                body curled, ears folded and          ▪▪ One litter of four young are
                                             internal temperature close to the        produced in spring; young are
and a tail length between 75–105
                                             surroundings.                            independent by late summer;
mm.
                                                                                      they breed when one year old;
Distribution: The Eastern Pygmy-          Mountain Pygmy-possum                       average longevity is two to three
possum is found in south-eastern          (Burramys parvus)                           years but females may live up
Australia, from southern Queensland                                                   to thirteen years and males five
to eastern South Australia and in         Description: Mountain Pygmy-                years.
Tasmania. In NSW it extents from          possum adults average 40 grams
                                          but vary from 30 grams in spring up
                                                                                   ▪▪ The only Australian mammal
the coast inland as far as the Pilliga,                                               to be entirely restricted to the
Dubbo, Parkes and Wagga Wagga on          to 80 grams in autumn when they
                                                                                      alpine zone in areas above the
the western slopes.                       fatten for winter hibernation. Of the
                                                                                      winter snowline; it is dependent
                                          total length of 250 mm, over half is
Habitat and ecology                                                                   on the insulation provided by
                                          tail. The fur is dense and fine, grey-
▪▪ Found in a broad range of              brown above and creamy to bright
                                                                                      snow for its survival.
   habitats from rainforest through       fawn under the body. The nose is         Western Pygmy Possum
   sclerophyll     (including    Box-     pink and there are 1   dark shadows
   Ironbark) forest and woodland          around the eyes. The tail, which can
                                                                                   (Cercartetus concinnus)
   to heath, but in most areas            be coiled, is furred at its base, then   Description: The Western Pygmy
   woodlands and heath appear to          greyish-pink, with short, sparse         Possum is a tiny (weighing between
   be preferred, except in north-         hairs.                                   8 and 21 grams), nocturnal marsupial.
   eastern NSW where they are                                                      It fur is fawn or reddish-brown on
                                          Distribution: The Mountain Pygmy-
   most frequently encountered in                                                  the back and white underneath the
                                          possum lives only in alpine and
   rainforest.                                                                     belly, with a finely-scaled, naked
                                          subalpine areas on the highest
▪▪ Feeds largely on nectar and            mountains of Victoria and NSW. In
                                                                                   tail. Adults are between 64 and
   pollen collected from banksias,                                                 106 millimetres (average 80) long,
                                          NSW the entire range is in a 30 km
   eucalypts and bottlebrushes; soft                                               with a similar length (53 to 101 mm)
                                          by 8 km area of Kosciuszko National
   fruits are eaten when flowers are                                               prehensile tail that is held coiled
                                          Park between Thredbo and Kerries
   unavailable. They also feed on                                                  and aids its movement through the
                                          Ridge, where it occupies less than
   insects throughout the year.                                                    foliage.
                                          four square kilometres of habitat.
▪▪ Shelters in tree hollows, rotten       The total population size is less than   Distribution: The Western Pygmy
   stumps, holes in the ground,           500 adults.                              Possum occurs in temperate to
   abandoned bird-nests, Ringtail                                                  arid woodlands across southern
                                          Habitat and ecology
   Possum dreys or thickets                                                        Australia, extending from the south
   of    vegetation;     nest-building    ▪▪ Lives on the ground in rocky          west corner of Western Australia,
   appears to be restricted to               areas where boulders have             through South Australia and
   breeding females; tree hollows            accumulated below mountain            western Victoria, with the eastern
   are favoured but spherical nests          peaks; frequently associated          limit in south-western NSW. In NSW
   have been found under the bark            with alpine heathland shrubs          it was first trapped in Mallee Cliffs
   of eucalypts and in shredded bark         dominated by the Mountain             National Park in surveys in 1996,
   in tree forks.                            Plum-pine          (Podocarpus        though a specimen in the National
▪▪ Appear to be mainly solitary, each        lawencei).                            Museum of Victoria was collected
   individual using several nests,        ▪▪ Survives winter by fattening in       near Gol Gol in 1958. Since 1996, this
   with males having non-exclusive           late summer and autumn and            species have been found at a number
   home-ranges of about 0.68                 hibernating for up to seven           of sites in woodlands east of the
   hectares and females about 0.35           months, from autumn until the         Darling River, with many on Mallee

                                                                            The Country Woman  February 2021         7
COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
Cliffs National Park and surrounding       ▪▪ Shelters during the day in a leaf-        avoid predators by staying as still
areas. Recently confirmed in Mungo            lined nest in tree-hollows or in          as possible.
National Park. West of the Darling            disused birds’ nests, leaf clumps      ▪▪ Nectar and pollen are important
River it appears to occur at much             on the ground, under stumps or            components of this species’ diet
lower densities, with less than ten           in mallee lignotubers at the base         and it appears to select habitat
records from both Tarawi Nature               of live trees; shelters also include      based on flower availability rather
Reserve and Scotia Sanctuary.                 spinifex hummocks, shrubs, piles          than structural attributes. It also
                                              of dead branches and bark strips,         feeds on invertebrates including
Habitat and ecology
                                              ground depressions and in the
▪▪ In NSW, has been found in mallee                                                     insects.
   shrubland either dominated by
                                              tree canopy.
                                                                                     ▪▪ Breeding can occur at any time of
   spinifex or with an understorey         ▪▪ Forages at night on the ground            year, and in good seasons up to
                                              and in shrubs, feeding on nectar,         three successive litters (of up to
   of tea-tree and also in Belah
                                              pollen, insects and possibly              six young each) can be produced.
   in a mixed woodland with a
                                              small lizards, using its forefeet         Normal litter size is two to four.
   well-developed understorey of
                                              to grasp food. There seems to be
   saltbush. In other states is also                                                 © State of New South Wales
                                              higher mobility in windy nights
   frequently found in woodlands                                                     (Department of Planning, Industry
                                              conditions, as opposed to still
   with dense heath understorey.                                                     and Environment) 2021
                                              nights where they appear to

 Gliding possums
Gliding possums are marsupials             belly and varies from dark grey, dusky    and vocal glider.
sometimes referred to as flying            brown through to light mottled grey       Adults weigh 450-700 grams, have a
phalangers, or simply as gliders.          and cream on their back.                  head and body length of about 30 cm
There are many types of gliding            It has large ears and strongly            and a large bushy tail that is about 45
possums, from tiny feathertail             reflective eyeshine in the beam of a      cm long.
gliders that are the size of a small       spotlight making it easy to detect.       It has grey to brown fur above with a
mouse to the almost cat-sized
                                           Sugar glider      1
                                                                                     cream to yellow belly, which is paler
greater gliders. Five gliding possum
                                                                                     in young animals. The dark stripe
species live in NSW.                       The    sugar    glider’s  (Petaurus
                                                                                     down the back is characteristic of
                                           breviceps) fur is a blue-grey to
Feathertail glider                         brown-grey, with a dark stripe that
                                                                                     the group.
Feathertail   gliders    (Acrobates        extends from the middle of the head       It has a large gliding membrane that
pygmaeus) are small, measuring             to the mid-back region.                   extends from the wrist to the ankle.
between 6.5 to 8 cm in length from
head to body.
                                           They are about the size of a rat with     How do they glide?
                                           adults weighing between 100 to 160        A gliding possum has a ‘gliding
They are mouse-shaped and have             grams. They have a round face and         membrane’—a thin sheet of skin
grey-brown fur on the back and a           their tail is thick and may have a        which stretches between its
white underbelly. The distinctive tail     white tip.                                forepaws and its ankles.
is quill-like and hairless, except for a
fringe of long stiff hairs down either     Squirrel glider                           When it leaps from a branch,
side that resemble a feather. Their        Adult squirrel gliders (Petaurus          its outspread limbs extend the
tail is about 7 to 8 cm long.              norfolcensis) have a head and body        membrane, allowing the animal to
                                           length of about 20 cm.                    glide from tree to tree.
Feathertail gliders only         weigh
between 10 and 15 grams.                   They have blue-grey to brown-grey         At first the leap is downwards, but
                                           fur on their back, white on the belly     as the animal increases speed, the
Their gliding membrane extends
                                           and the end third of the tail is black.   angle of flight flattens out. With
from elbow to knee and is thicker
                                           There is a dark stripe from between       its long, well-furred tail acting as a
than other glider species.
                                           the eyes to the mid-back and the tail     rudder, the glider can steer towards
Greater glider                             is soft and bushy averaging about 27      its next tree. Then, just before
The greater glider (Petauroides            cm long.                                  landing, it uses its tail to bring it into
volans) is the largest gliding possum                                                a “nose up” position (much like an
                                           Squirrel gliders are up to twice the
with a head and body length of 35 to                                                 aircraft landing). Feet stretched out
                                           size of sugar gliders, and their facial
45 cm and a long furry tail measuring                                                in front, it is ready to grasp the tree
                                           markings are more distinct.
45 to 60 cm.                                                                         trunk and land.
The greater glider has thick fur
                                           Yellow-bellied glider                     © State of New South Wales
that increases its apparent size. Fur      The yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus       (Department of Planning, Industry
colour is white or cream under the         australis) is a large, active, sociable   and Environment) 2021

8  February 2021  The Country Woman
COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
Handicraft Report
Finally 2020 is behind us and I           conflicting information as to           or group who run workshops
certainly hope that 2021 will be          exactly what you can enter in the       teaching ladies or young girls who
a better year and we will be able         competition. If you read in the         wish to learn sewing, knitting,
to look forward to attending              Schedule which was printed in           crochet or any other handicrafts.
Conference at Bega in May. I              the April Journal it states under       I am sure there are a lot of ladies
for one am looking forward to             Section 1 “any handicraft technique     and girls within your communities
our Handicraft Competition and            excluding pottery or scrapbooking”.     who would love to learn some form
Display this year. Our organisation       The Committee will be meeting           of handicraft but do not know
has some very talented ladies who         on the 2nd February when we will        anyone who is able to teach them.
produce such beautiful work each          discuss this matter and hopefully       This is where CWA can help out
year. The display will be held in         clarify just what is meant by “any      and it would be great to see more
the Uniting Church Hall, 125 Gipps        handicraft technique”.                  branches or groups running these
Street, Bega which is 500 metres                                                  kind of workshops.
                                          The Handicraft Shop will be in
from the Conference venue. I hope
                                          operation at Conference and any         You can contact me by email at
everyone will make the effort to
                                          donations from members are always       dianafrost@bigpond.com or by
come and view the Display.
                                          very much appreciated. Items can        phone: 0405 818 642.
It appears that there is still some       be delivered to the venue at Bega or
                                                                                  Good luck to everyone who enters
confusion    amongst      members         sent in the Group suitcases. Please
                                                                                  the Competition.
as to what you can enter in the           label these items clearly and include
competition. Recently there has           your Group and Branch names.            Diana Frost,
been some comments made on
                                          I would like to hear from any branch    Chairperson
the closed Facebook group giving

 Hospital Support Report                                   1

Welcome to 2021 and what appears          I was given a very generous             the social worker from the
to be yet another challenging year.       donation of new women’s wear            Shoalhaven Hospital. They have
The Committee met in December             from a lady who has now closed          been experiencing a rise in the
at the Woy Woy Branch Hall. Thank         her clothing business; the clothing     number of antenatal cases in need
you to Jane Bowtell, Woy Woy              is of excellent quality and is being    of assistance. Hospital Bags have
Branch President, for making the          distributed in rural areas. A large     been delivered and we have also
rooms available for the Committee         amount of these clothes have            arranged a delivery of baby needs
to use. This was our first face-to-       been delivered to our Committee         for a single mum who is expecting
face meeting since February and           member, Iris Willoughby-Reynolds,       twins.
so it was lovely to meet again and        who is working with Glen Innes
                                                                                  We had hoped to meet at State
to plan for the coming year. A lot        Natural      Resources      Advisory
                                                                                  Office on 24th February 2021 to
of our stock from State Office was        Committee (GLENRAC) and these
                                                                                  organise our shelves and once
distributed for our members to take       clothes will be donated to rural
                                                                                  more pack Hospital Bags ready for
back to their areas for distribution to   ladies in the New England area. Iris
                                                                                  distribution to NSW hospitals but as
those needing assistance. Woy Woy         is also working with an organisation
                                                                                  COVID-19 once more rears its head,
Branch have given the committee           called Pathfinders in the Glen
                                                                                  we may have to change our plans. I
11 patchwork quilts, and these have       Innes, Inverell and Tenterfield
                                                                                  had hoped to invited members from
been donated to the Central Coast         areas. Pathfinders are working with
                                                                                  the Shoalhaven area to attend on
Helping Hands and Streethearts;           families including single men and
                                                                                  this day with an idea that we could
both organisations assist families in     women and their children who are
                                                                                  provide local assistance to the case
crisis.                                   experiencing domestic violence
                                                                                  workers. As it seems impossible to
                                          and families who are at risk of
I was able to arrange a delivery of                                               plan too far ahead at the present
                                          becoming homeless. We have been
beautiful quilts and toys to Ronald                                               time, I will use the closed Facebook
                                          able to send Iris two large boxes of
McDonald House at the John Hunter,                                                group to keep members informed
                                          lovely children’s wear that has been
this was just prior to Christmas, but                                             of any changes.
                                          made by members as well as many
once again they have had to limit
                                          toiletries.                             Elisabeth Hodgson,
what can be excepted from us by
the families staying at the House.        The Committee is working with           Chairperson

                                                                           The Country Woman  February 2021       9
COUNTRY WOMAN - CWA of NSW
CWA Tea Rooms
       Help Wanted
                                        Show Catering
                                        The Royal Easter Show is fast             and bottles for jams and relishes.
  Come along and join us at the         approaching and will this year
   Sydney Royal Easter Show.                                                      The Show Catering Committee
                                        be held from Thursday 1 April to
                                                                                  consists of 17 members; however,
                                        Monday 12 April. We need your
       1st to 12th April 2021                                                     just recently one member found
                                        help! Thank you if you have already
                                                                                  herself unable to continue for
  If you are fit and willing to help    volunteered. To others, please
                                                                                  this year. We really need our
 in any position, we would like to      consider coming for a shift or two.
                                                                                  full complement, so urge you to
   hear from you. Please note: all      A coupon is printed here in the
                                                                                  consider nominating ASAP for the
   positions require you to be on       Journal. Family and friends are most
                                                                                  Committee for the 2021 Show. If
       your feet for 4 ½ hours.         welcome and all volunteers receive
                                                                                  you want information about what
                                        free entry to the Show.
Volunteers need to be 16 yrs or over.                                             is involved please don’t hesitate to
                                        Donations of fruit cakes, date            contact myself or another member
   Please complete the coupon           loaves, jams and pickles are greatly      of the Committee.
      below and forward to:             appreciated. The public loves these
                                                                                  As well, nominations for this
       Ms Cheryl Mayberry               home cooked items and they sell
                                                                                  Committee for next year close
                                        very well. Please make sure that you
         16 Mancini Drive                                                         at State Office on 31 March 2021.
                                        attach a CWA food label (templates
                                                                                  Please do consider joining the
    Lake Wyangan NSW 2680               can be downloaded from the CWA
                                                                                  Committee. We work hard, but we
                                        website).
                OR                                                                do have a lot of fun!
                                        We do appreciate that many have
 download from www.cwaofnsw.                                                      Hope to see you at the 2021 Royal
                                        been through some difficult times of
org.au/showcoupon and email to                                                    Easter Show.
                                        late. May we suggest that branches
   cwashowkiosk@gmail.com               and groups assist their cooks by          Rowena Casey,
Name(s):_______________
                                        purchasing for them ingredients           Chairperson
                                        such as fruit, sugar, dried fruit, etc,
                                                          1
____________________
Address: _______________
____________________
_______ Post Code______
                                         The Land Cookery
                                        Happy New Year to all members             for this year and in 2022 only 250 ml
Phone: ________________                 and what a difference a year can          jars will be accepted.
                                        make. Some areas have had some
Email: ________________                                                           Group returns are to be sent to me
                                        flooding but we are certainly not
                                                                                  by end of March. My address is: 89
____________________                    complaining; the rain has been a
                                                                                  Algies Rd, Belbora, Gloucester, NSW
                                        welcome relief.
Branch: _______________                                                           2422. Email: mdhawdon@outlook.
                                        Thank you to all our new Branch           com
Group________________                   and Group Cookery Officers for
                                                                                  With many Group judging days
Date/s you wish to work_____            your guidance to members. Once
                                                                                  approaching please observe the
                                        the cooking days are completed
____________________                                                              CWA COVID-19 rules which are to be
                                        it’s important to ensure your forms
                                                                                  adhered to. These are found in the
                                        are correctly completed. If the 1st
Please tick shift preferred.                                                      October Journal. Particularly thanks
                                        place winner is unable to enter at
                                                                                  to Leah for keeping us informed via
  o 9:15 am–1:45 pm                     state, please advise your Group
                                                                                  e-news and regular extra COVID-19
                                        Officer so the 2nd place could then
   o 1:30 pm–6:00 pm                                                              updates on Facebook.
                                        represent your group. It’s important
These are starting/finishing            that exhibitors are aware of tin size     Conference times and location will
times.                                  and the recipe if one is stipulated       be in the April Journal; we are very
If you have any queries regarding       in the schedule. In the past we           much looking forward to this.
working at the show contact:            have received entries with a simple
                                                                                  Warm regards,
Cheryl Mayberry                         mistake of the wrong colour icing
M: 0403 166 519                         or the wrong size tin. Jars will be       Denise Hawdon,
                                        accepted in the 375 ml and 250 ml         Chairperson
E: cwashowkiosk@gmail.com

10  February 2021  The Country Woman
International Report
Welcome to 2021 members and              Those of you who were able to           our members to still celebrate and
what an exciting couple of months        join us in the Ecuador Zoom             enjoy Ecuador!
we have had in the International         Information Sessions would have         The Associated Country Women of
Portfolio!                               had the chance to meet two of           World (ACWW) South Pacific Area
Thank you to everyone who                our    International      Scholarship   Conference will be held online for
contributed to the shipment to Port      recipients, The Youth Orchestra         the first time ever on International
Moresby, Papua New Guinea. We            of Ecuador and the Ministry of          Women’s Day, 8 March 2021. You
sent through five huge pallets (over     Economic and Social Inclusions          can register your interest with me
half a tonne!) of humanitarian items     (MIES), both for their work with        ASAP to receive the link to this
including Material Aid, Mother           homeless      and      disadvantaged    event once it is available. Just email
& Baby Packs, School Packs and           children. These two Ecuadorian          me on rlbraico@bigpond.net.au or
ACWW goods. What a wonderful and         associations are doing amazing          call me on 0422 580 922.
generous effort from all our CWA of      work in their local communities
                                         and have the endorsement of the         Keep up the great work and thank
NSW members and their families. I                                                you one and all for all your support
am excited to say that the shipment      Ambassador and Ecuador Embassy
                                         here in Australia. We have donated      of International. Looking forward to
arrived just after Christmas to very                                             2021.
excited CWA of PNG members for           $2,000 to each association for their
them to distribute throughout PNG.       local education programs and both       Hugs and love,
                                         are very grateful for our support.
We have also donated $10,000 to                                                  Lyn Braico,
Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors        I am anticipating many International    State International Officer
without Borders) for their training      entries for our competitions and
scholarships. In this crazy COVID-19     look forward to working with the
world, the need for healthcare           Ambassador and his staff to judge
workers is at its peak and to be         these beautiful items. Ecuador has
able to assist with empowering           proven to be popular and exciting
communities to have their own local      for our members and although
                                                            1
healthcare professionals is a project    COVID-19 has changed the way we
the    International      Committee      have highlighted this year’s Country
wanted to support. www.msf.org/          of Study, I am so impressed with the
academy                                  creativity and resourcefulness of           CWA items being ready to go to PNG

 Social Issues Report
Happy New Year.                          ▪▪ The George’s Institute regarding     ▪▪ Defib machines
The Social Issues Committee are
                                            member’s participation in a          ▪▪ Midwifery led continuity of care
still following:
                                            dementia survey                      ▪▪ Out of pocket costs of follow up
 ▪▪ Royal Commission into Aged           ▪▪ KWOOP (Keep women out of               x-rays and mammograms
    Care Quality and Safety
                                            prison)                              ▪▪ Public audiologists
 ▪▪ Review of the Narcotic Drugs Act     ▪▪ Draft Rural Regional & Remote        ▪▪ Perinatal support       services, to
                                            Health inquiry CWA survey              name a few.
    1967
                                         ▪▪ Maternity Services Alliance.         We have reviewed submission into
We are still “watching” with interest:
▪▪ Review of Fair Trading                We are still concerned about the
                                         following:
                                                                                 Regional Health.
   Amendment         (Cash       Loan                                            The Social Issues Committee are
   Machines) Bill 2019                    ▪▪ Aged care                           still drafting guidelines for members
▪▪ Special Commission of Inquiry          ▪▪ Homelessness                        to present issues to the Committee.
   into Drug “Ice” submission: The        ▪▪ Health                              Hopefully these will be finalised at
   interim report was released            ▪▪ Women’s refugee centres in          our next scheduled meeting on the
   3/7/2020                                  regional, rural and remote areas.   29 January and will be distributed.
▪▪ Cannabis Medicines Prescribing        We have received responses from         Stay safe,
   Guidance submission                   government bodies on these issues:
▪▪ Inquiry into NSW School                ▪▪ Unflued gas heaters
                                                                                 Bronwyn Dunston,
   Curriculum                                                                    State Social Issues Officer
                                          ▪▪ Lyme disease
                                                                          The Country Woman  February 2021              11
State Cultural
Reflecting on the current holiday season, pleasant                          the overlap between “the Arts” and “culture” and
temperatures and all the lovely rain recently it seems                      reach some conclusions about what culture actually
almost unbelievable to think back on last New Year                          is, and how it impacts all our lives. Further guidelines,
when so much of the state was beset by smoke, heat                          including a definition of culture, will appear in the next
and unprecedented bush fires. The changeability brings                      Cultural Report.
Dorothea McKellar’s famous poem about our sunburnt
                                                                            The Committee wishes to thank all members who have
country to mind and her message certainly resonates,
                                                                            entered the 2021 literary competitions and encourages
along with the old adage, “what a difference a year
                                                                            these members, and all others, to consider creating an
makes!”
                                                                            entry on the 2022 subjects announced in the December
Fortunately, the Cultural Committee was able to meet,                       Journal. Finally, we hope you will support us by taking
with the majority of members physically present and                         a ticket, or two, or even more, in the lovely raffle being
observing COVID-19 health regulations, at State Office,                     run which will be drawn in May this year. This will
on 17th November 2020. The members not present at                           be an overall winner’s pick for one of the four prizes,
Mascot were able to join in and contribute via Zoom                         with second place having a pick of the remaining three
and telephone link up.                                                      prizes, and third place, pick of two prizes, to give
                                                                            winners an increased chance of getting the prize they
                                                                            would most enjoy. A big thank you to artist Kristene
                                                                            Smith for donating her original multimedia artwork,
                                                                            from the Kandos—Rylstone Cultural Workshop, as one
                                                                            of the four prizes on offer in the raffle.
                                                                            Keep safe.

                                                                            Eva Campbell, Chairperson
   Winning Junior posters 2020 by Charlie Tyack, and Brianna Praestin

Unfortunately, the restrictions around sharing food                     1
proved to be good for dieting as we were unable to
partake of our usual Christmas party. However, it was a
most productive gathering with discussion focused on
                                                                             WE’RE HERE
arrangements for the possible Bega State Conference,
the appointment of judges for the current literary
                                                                             FOR YOU!
                                                                             Older Women's Network NSW
competitions, the development of the new Art Schedule
                                                                             FREE Online Sessions
planned to be presented for 2022 and a very lively
debate on precisely what constitutes “culture.”                                   Chair yoga           Tai Chi
On the latter discussion point it became increasingly                             New Moves            Feldenkrais
apparent that the Committee needs to give its attention                           Writing Club         Walking
to a detailed presentation on the wider aspects of
“the meaning of culture” and its significance for                               Join other older women who are
contemporary Australian society. Just as the CWA is                            keeping connected & well through
more than “tea and scones” Australian culture is more                           these free online Zoom classes!
than “a poem, a painting or someone’s holiday snaps”.
                                                                                You can be based anywhere and
The distinction between what we identify as “the Arts”
                                                                               you don’t have to be a member to
and culture, while recognising that “the Arts” (sometimes
                                                                               sign up for any of these activities.
referred to as “high culture”) are a significant part of
our overall culture, is subtle, potentially confusing and
                                                                                    It’s easy and free to join.
can be problematic in a more complete understanding
                                                                                         Book online here:
of the scope and role of culture in a community and a
                                                                                    https://bit.ly/OnlineOWN
society. If the challenges implied in words such as art,
literature and culture seem like a brain teaser, and                           Sign up for our fortnightly newsletter
are jumbling around in your mind, then you may be                              dOWNtime at https://bit.ly/2CT6m1S
beginning to realise and appreciate why the discussion                                    Want to know more?
at the last Committee meeting was referenced as, “a                                       Go to www.ownnsw.org.au or
very lively debate.”                                                                      Call us on 02 9519 8044
                                                                                          Follow us:
Perhaps at a branch meeting, you may like to discuss

12  February 2021  The Country Woman
Endangered Pimelea Species
Bungonia Rice-flower                      Gorge Rice-flower

                                                                                                                                  Photo by Allthingsnative
Scientific name: Pimelea axiflora         Scientific      name:      Pimelea
subsp. pubescens. Conservation            cremnophila. Conservation status in
status in NSW: Endangered                 NSW: Critically Endangered
The Bungonia Rice-flower is a shrub       An erect shrub up to 2.5 m high.
that grows up to 3 m high with            Stems are red-brown with white
smooth or hairy stems. Its leaves are     rigid, bristly hairs up to 3 mm long.                  Spiked Rice-flower
2-10 mm wide and 5-60 mm long             Stems become hairless with age.
with a curled back margin. Leaves are     Leaves are narrow elliptic (oval,
                                                                                     Rice Flower
smooth above, and have prominent          broadest at middle) to narrow ovate        Scientific name: Pimelea elongata.
secondary veins when viewed from          (broadest below the middle). Leaf          Conservation status in NSW:
below. The leaf stalk is up to 3 mm       stalks are densely hairy, up to 1 mm       Endangered
long. The flowers are in heads and        long. Leaf blades are 10-37 mm long        The Rice Flower is a slender
surrounded by bracts 2-7 mm long.         and 2.5–6 mm wide. The side of the         erect forb to 50 cm high, mainly
There are 2-10 white flowers in a         leaf blade facing away from the plant      herbaceous but woody at the base.
head, and they are followed by a fruit    is hairy with scattered white rigid,       Leaves alternately arranged along
which is 3-4 mm long and green.           bristly hairs. These hairs become          the stem, linear, 6-10 mm long
The features that distinguish it from     denser and longer toward the               and 1-2 mm wide, mainly hairless,
the other subspecies are that young       margins of the leaf.                       yellow-green but drying blue-green.
stems have hairs to 1 mm long; the        Flowers occur in clusters of 1 to 4        The flower spikes are condensed
leaf stalk and lower surface of leaves    and are either functionally male,          when young but elongate to 15 cm at
are hairy; the leaves are 6-22 mm         bisexual or functionally female. The       maturity. Flowers yellow-green, 4-5
long and 2-5 mm wide; and the             pale green fruit is egg-shaped and         mm long, densely covered with short
female flowers are 3-4 mm long.           dry.                                       flattened hairs. Mature fruits green,
Endemic to NSW and currently only                                                    about 3 mm long, mostly hairless.
                                          It is endemic to NSW. Known from
known to occur in the Bungonia                              1                        It occurs in the north-western plains
                                          a single population    in Oxley Wild
State Conservation Area, south east       Rivers National Park, approximately        of NSW from localities including
of Goulburn. Bungonia Rice-flower         40 km east of Walcha on the New            Walgett and Bourke. The species
occurs in a single population which       England Tablelands. The number of          occurs generally in inland areas
is estimated to contain a total of 50     mature individuals is estimated to be      of eastern central Australia, from
to 500 plants within an area of less      very low, with fewer than 100 plants.      western NSW and south-western
than 4 square kilometres.                                                            Qld to north-eastern SA and the
                                          It occurs in open forest along the
It occurs on limestone cliff edges                                                   southern NT.
                                          rim of the Macleay River gorge at
and outcrops.                             approximately 1,000 m altitude and         It is found on heavy-textured soils
Threats                                   grows on exposed cliff tops or more        with a thin sandy upper layer.
 ▪▪ An unknown pathogen is affecting      sheltered cliff-side sites with south-     Recorded from a flat area in open
    vegetation adjacent to the            westerly to south-easterly aspects         Maireana shrubland with Acacia
    population and has the potential      in shallow skeletal loam soils over        aneura, on hard red sandy-loam
    to infect the population. Its         metasediments. Known to flower in          with considerable clay content.
    impact on the species is currently    October. Likely to flower throughout       Qld populations are often found in
    unknown.                              spring.                                    Mulga or Poplar Box woodlands and
 ▪▪ Plants close to existing walking      Threats
                                                                                     flowers mainly April to October but
                                                                                     also most of the year.
    tracks are exposed to inadvertent      ▪▪ Risk of extinction from stochastic
    or deliberate physical damage by          environmental events due to the        The species is said to have caused
    bushwalkers.                              highly restricted distribution and     numerous outbreaks of St George
 ▪▪ The species’ very highly restricted       small population size.                 disease in cattle in the Bourke area
    geographic distribution and low        ▪▪ Inappropriate fire regimes             between 1934 to 1971.
    number of mature individuals              including fire frequency, intensity,   The Rice Flower is dependent
    also place the population at risk         seasonality and scale.                 on seasonal rainfall events and
    of decline due to environmental        ▪▪ Competition        and      habitat    completes its life cycle in a relatively
    stochasticity.                            degradation caused by feral goats.     short period; adequate wet periods
 ▪▪ Possibility that increases in fire     ▪▪ Extreme drought.                       are therefore important, as is a level
    frequency could cause local
    extinction.
                                           ▪▪ Lack of ecological knowledge.          of clay in the soil in order to facilitate
                                                                                     moisture retention.

                                                                             The Country Woman  February 2021            13
Threats                                  A soil seedbank develops and is           flowers consistently in late winter.
 ▪▪ Lack of knowledge of distribution    maintained in the presence of a           Plants as young as four months are
    and threats/issues.                  suitable disturbance regime.              capable of flowering abundantly,
 ▪▪ Natural habitat areas have been      Threats                                   although most mature after one
    modified for grazing.                 ▪▪ Loss of habitat to urban              year.
 ▪▪ Natural habitat areas have been          development.                          Previously recorded as occasional
    modified by domestic stock, feral     ▪▪ High frequency fire will cause        and localised, e.g. in populations
    goats and rabbits.                       death of young individuals and        comprising less than 50 plants. No
 ▪▪ Insufficient understanding of            stop recruitment to populations.      wild recruitment has been observed
    species ecology.                      ▪▪ Mowing, grazing, spraying or          until recently. Volunteer seedlings in
                                                                                   nursery conditions and garden trials
                                             other types of similar habitat
Spiked Rice-flower                           modification.                         have been stimulated to germinate
Scientific name: Pimelea spicata.         ▪▪ Illegal dumping of rubbish.           by solely the provision of consistent
                                                                                   water. The abundant seedling
Conservation status in NSW:               ▪▪ Slashing along fire trials causing    response eight months after a low-
Endangered                                   damage to the species                 intensity fire followed by consistent
The Spiked Rice-flower is a shrub         ▪▪ Weeds including African olive,        rain suggests interacting factors
to 50 cm tall that may be erect or           African    boxthorn,      Lantana,    may cause pulses in population
somewhat spreading in habit. The             privets,     green        cestrum,    appearance and survival.
leaves are opposite and elliptical,          blackberry, crofton weed, bridal
to 20 mm long by 8 mm wide,                                                        Bolivia Hill Rice-flower has been
                                             creeper and exotic grasses pose
and usually held outwards from                                                     recorded on deep granite soils
                                             an increasing threat to this
the stem. The white, pink-tinged                                                   or black sandy soils on granite
                                             species.
                                                                                   outcrops in open woodland. Partial
flowers are tubular, to 10 mm long,       ▪▪ Changed hydrology and soil            shade seems to benefit the species,
with four spreading petals. They             movement.
                                                                                   although garden plants have been
may appear at any time of the year,
but are mostly seen in summer as
                                          ▪▪ Nutrient-rich run-off / run-on.       recorded growing strongly in both
                                                                                   full shade and full sun. While mature
they are probably related to rainfall.   Bolivia Hill Rice-flower
Inflorescences start as dense                                                      plants have previously been found
                                         Scientific name: Pimelea venosa.          most commonly growing at the base
clusters (like most rice flowers) and
                                         Conservation status
                                                         1      in NSW:            of boulders, recent observations
then extend along an elongating
                                         Endangered                                suggest the correlation is due to
stem as the inflorescences age (the
only species of Pimelea in Greater       This upright shrub has stems and          more exposed seedlings being
Sydney to do this).                      leaves densely covered with whitish,      accidentally crushed by herbivores.
                                         soft, spreading hairs. The dull green     Threats
Once widespread on the Cumberland
Plain, the Spiked Rice-flower
                                         leaves are narrowly oval-shaped
                                         or slightly wider at the end, 10–15
                                                                                    ▪▪ Clearing of habitat for grazing,
occurs in two disjunct areas; the                                                      roadworks and railway track
                                         mm long and 4–6 mm wide, and are              maintenance.
Cumberland Plain (Marayong and
                                         softly hairy. Veins on the leaves are
Prospect Reservoir south to Narellan
                                         prominent and brown. The small             ▪▪ Grazing by domestic stock,
and Douglas Park) and the Illawarra                                                    macropods and other herbivores.
                                         white flowers are bisexual and are
(Landsdowne to Shellharbour to
                                         covered in coarse hairs. Flowers           ▪▪ Browsing by feral goats, and
northern Kiama).                                                                       associated     soil   compaction,
                                         grow in heads of two to six. Fruit is
It is found on well-structured clay      approximately 3 mm long and green.            erosion and nutrient addition.
soils. Coastal headlands and hilltops    The species is distinguished by the        ▪▪ Risk of extinction from stochastic
are the favoured sites.                  densely hairy leaves and stems, and           environmental events due to the
Mature plants spread over short          the prominent brown primary and               highly restricted distribution and
distances through underground            secondary veins on the leaves. Plants         small population sizes.
rhizomes, and this can assist them       are typically 1 m in height, with some     ▪▪ Plants have been observed being
to recover from disturbances like        attaining 2 m.                                eaten by caterpillars, and some
fire and irregular grazing. However,     This rice-flower species occurred             larger stems are hollowed out by
the age plants must be, and what         primarily in the Bolivia Hill and Bluff       borers enough to break off.
proportion recover, is largely           Rock Ranges south of Tenterfield.          ▪▪ Inappropriate fire regimes.
unknown.                                 Another apparently valid record was        ▪▪ Insufficient understanding of
Flowers may be self-pollinating,         made 100 km east of this region in            species ecology.
although fruit production is variable.   the late 1800s, suggesting a formerly      ▪▪ Insufficient understanding of
Fruit are not dispersed well,            widespread distribution.                      threats.
with most seedlings germinating          Flowers were originally reported to       © State of New South Wales
close to the adult (within 30cm          appear from October to December.          (Department of Planning, Industry
or so according to P. Hogbin).           However, the only known population        and Environment) 2021
14  February 2021  The Country Woman
Annual General Meeting Information Pull Out
      99th Annual General Meeting
                               Monday, 3 May to Friday, 6 May 2021
                                       Bega Showground

At the time of writing, plans remain in place to proceed with the 2021 conference in Bega but under the following
altered conditions:
 ▪▪ Branches will be entitled to one voting delegate per branch
 ▪▪ Branches can also nominate one observer to attend conference. Investigations are currently being made as to
    the ability to host observers in a separate venue at Bega or nearby with the Conference to be live-streamed to
    them
 ▪▪ Past State Presidents to have one vote each as per normal
 ▪▪ Group votes are to yet to be confirmed, with a possible maximum of one voting delegate per group. This will
    depend on the number of branch delegates indicating their attendance (please see registration for branch
    delegates below)
 ▪▪ Committee displays are currently under consideration, with a desire to include these under COVID safe
    conditions wherever possible. This will be discussed further at the February State Executive Meeting
 ▪▪ Livestreaming of the entire conference proceedings is being investigated to allow all members to observe, no
    matter their location
 ▪▪ Mask wearing will be compulsory for any person wishing to speak at a microphone, and may also be mandated
    for the remainder of delegates (depending on COVID conditions at the time)
 ▪▪ Alterations to the Gala Dinner and Conference Shop are listed in information following.
In order for us to successfully plan for and execute the above, it is imperative that branches proposing to send a
delegate and/or an observer register their intention with1 us ASAP. Branches can do this by filling out the online
form sent on the 19th January via email or go to https://tinyurl.com/cwastateconf. This form also replaces the
usual delegate form for 2021.
If a branch has not provided delegate/observer information by the 7th March, they will NOT be able to send a
delegate or to annual conference as we need to know, with absolute confidence, the number of branch delegates
and observers we are expecting, well before the conference itself.
The fall-back position in the event that the face-to-face Conference needs to be cancelled is for a postal voting
procedure to take place, with an online component for guest speakers and other formalities over the course of a
day.

Draft Program
Times are approximate. Program is subject to change.

Sunday 2 May                                            Wednesday 5 May
1.00–5.00 pm  Local Markets (Bega Showground)       9.00am–12.30pm Business Session
1.00pm–5.30pm Registration                          2.00–5.00 pm    Business Session
6.00pm Ecumenical Service (Christ Church Cathedral) 6.00 for 6.30pm Gala    Event    (Bega
                                                                    Showground)
Monday 3 May
9.30am–11.30am Official Opening                         Thursday 6 May
1.00pm–5.00 pm First Special General Meeting            9.00am–1.00pm Second Special General
               & Business Session                                     Meeting & Committee
Evening        Free                                                   Reports and Award
                                                                      Ceremony
Tuesday 4 May                                           From 1.10 pm* Tours depart from Bega
                                                                                                                     Photo by Abir Anwar

9.00am–12.30pm Business Session                         *or earlier   Showground
2.00pm–4.30pm Business Session
4.30pm         Country of Study           Information
               Session
                                                                      The Country Woman  February 2021       15
Draft Agenda
This information is for use by the branch to discuss motions and to provide advance information for delegates. Only
delegates will receive further information at registration; observers need to keep this section to take to the AGM for
reference. The motions still to be finalised will be uploaded to the CWA website after the February Executive meeting.
Go to www.cwaofnsw.org.au/agm. They will also be listed in the April journal.

Association Activities                   a) the declaration of a climate          industry has become increasingly
                                         emergency in recognition of the          dependent on overseas supply
1a) Barwon Group:                        need for urgent action on climate        sources. COVID-19 has raised many
“That the specific Health Research       change                                   concerns regarding our ability
Fund Annual Project for 2021-2022        b) urge all levels of government to      to consistently obtain imports
be Ovarian Cancer”.                      introduce policies to effectively        necessary for construction projects.
                                         address rising emissions in line         One of such vital products is
1b) North Coast Group:
                                         with the UN Intergovernmental            insulation. The Australian wool
“That the specific Health Research                                                industry provides an excellent
                                         Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Fund Annual Project for 2021-2022                                                 opportunity for the government to
                                         recommendations of net zero
be Still Birth”.                                                                  lead by example and encourage use
                                         emissions by 2050”.
1c) Darling    River   and   Monaro                                               of local products by implementing
                                         3. Nimbin Branch, Far North Coast        the use of Australia wool insulation
Groups:
                                         Group                                    in housing and building construction
“That the specific Health Research                                                where appropriate.
                                         Preamble: Two recent reports have
Fund Annual Project for 2021-2022
                                         expressed alarm at the impact of the     “That the policy of CWA of NSW
be Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma
                                         recent bushfires on koala population     should be to advocate for the
(a form of children’s brain cancer)”.
                                         and habitat. According to Dr Stuart      use of Australian wool insulation
Agricultural/Environmental               Blanch, (WWF, Australia) without         products to be used in development
                                         urgent government action koalas          and refurbishment of NSW Public
2. Bangalow Branch, Far North            could be extinct by 2050. The NSW        Building and Housing”.
Coast Group                              Portfolio Committee’s report (p xii)
                                         stated that logging                      5. Picton District Branch, Illawarra
Preamble: Our climate is warming.                            1 in Public State
                                         Forests has had cumulative impacts       Group
This is being caused by increasing
emissions of greenhouse gases into       on koalas over many years because        Preamble: In 2012 the koala was
the atmosphere as a result of our        it has reduced the maturity, size and    listed in Queensland, NSW and ACT
industrial, transport and agricultural   availability of preferred feed and       as “vulnerable” to extinction with
processes.     Climate      change  is   roost trees; and the vulnerability       the worst-case extinction to be 2050.
emerging as a serious threat to our      of koala habitat is compounded by        Climate change such as increasing
environment, our economy and             climate change by increasing the         temperatures, heat bank effects
society. This is evident in Australia    impact and severity of drought and       in over-developments, increased
experiencing the worst drought           bushfires. Further, The Australian       severity of droughts and catastrophic
since records began, catastrophic        Forests and Climate Alliance,            bushfires are causing koalas to move
bushfires, intense storms and            comprising       Australia’s   leading   closer to extinction. Cleared habitat
flooding, record-breaking heatwaves      conservation organisations, claim        leaves koalas exposed to starvation,
and the near-collapse of the Murray-     forests are critical for the role they   dog attack and car accidents. The
Darling River system. Climate            play in filtering and regulating water   Queen’s Commonwealth Canopy
change will have huge impacts on         flow, capturing atmospheric carbon,      Rewilding of Sydney’s Koalas Project
agriculture, industry, the viability     and providing a bio-diverse habitat.     will supply safe movement of koalas
of many inland communities and           “That the policy of the CWA of           through bushland from the coast to
the health of us all. It will only       NSW shall be that the NSW State          the Blue Mountains National Park
get worse if we continue with a          Government be urged to place a           estate. Wildlife overbridges and
“business as usual” approach. It is      moratorium on logging in Public          underbridges for fauna to safely cross
critical that all levels of government   State Forests until a full ecological    will be constructed at kill spots. Two
acknowledge the seriousness of the       assessment of loss and options           proposed National Parks, the Upper
situation and put in place evidence-     for forest rehabilitation has been       Georges River and the Bargo Nepean
based policies to mitigate against       completed after the 2019-2020            will provide food, water and shelter
rising temperatures above 1.5°C, and     bushfires”.                              for koalas. The Rewilding of Sydney’s
that they acknowledge the cost of                                                 Koalas in south and south-western
inaction, as well as action.             4. Wagga Wagga Evening Branch,           Sydney will provide significant
                                         Riverina Group                           benefits to our region, state and
“That the policy of the CWA of NSW
                                         Preamble:     Australia’s    building    country including opportunities
shall be to support:

16  February 2021  The Country Woman
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