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The definition of contemplate This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: "Chalcedonian Definition" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)Part of a series onChristology Christ (Messiah) Son of God God the Son Kyrios Logos Incarnation Pre-existence of Christ Person of Christ Hypostatic union Love of Christ Imitation of Christ Knowledge of Christ Intercession of Christ Perfection of Christ Threefold office Lutheran Christology vte The Chalcedonian Definition (also called the Chalcedonian Creed or the Definition of Chalcedon) is a declaration of Christ's nature, adopted at the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451. Chalcedon was an early centre of Christianity located in Asia Minor (modern Turkey). The council was the fourth of the ecumenical councils that are accepted by Chalcedonian churches which include the Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and Reformed churches.[1] It was the first council not to be recognised by any Oriental Orthodox church; for this reason these churches may be classified as Non-Chalcedonian. Context The Council of Chalcedon was summoned to consider the Christological question in light of the "one-nature" view of Christ proposed by Eutyches, archimandrite at Constantinople, which prevailed at the Second Council of Ephesus in 449, sometimes referred to as the "Robber Synod".[2] The Council first solemnly ratified the Nicene Creed adopted in 325 and that creed as amended by the First Council of Constantinople in 381. It also confirmed the authority of two synodical letters of Cyril of Alexandria and the letter of Pope Leo I to Flavian of Constantinople.[3] Content The full text of the definition reaffirms the decisions of the Council of Ephesus, the pre-eminence of the Creed of Nicaea (325) and the further definitions of the Council of Constantinople (381).[4] In one of the translations into English, the key section, emphasizing the double nature of Christ (human and divine), runs: Following, then, the holy Fathers, we all unanimously teach that our Lord Jesus Christ is to us One and the same Son, the Self-same Perfect in Godhead, the Self-same Perfect in Manhood; truly God and truly Man; the Self-same of a rational soul and body; co-essential with the Father according to the Godhead, the Self-same co-essential with us according to the Manhood; like us in all things, sin apart; before the ages begotten of the Father as to the Godhead, but in the last days, the Self-same, for us and for our salvation (born) of Mary the Virgin Theotokos as to the Manhood; One and the Same Christ, Son, Lord, Only-begotten; acknowledged in Two Natures unconfusedly, unchangeably, indivisibly, inseparably; the difference of the Natures being in no way removed because of the Union, but rather the properties of each Nature being preserved, and (both) concurring into One Person and One Hypostasis; not as though He was parted or divided into Two Persons, but One and the Self-same Son and Only-begotten God, Word, Lord, Jesus Christ; even as from the beginning the prophets have taught concerning Him, and as the Lord Jesus Christ Himself hath taught us, and as the Symbol of the Fathers hath handed down to us.— Bindley 1899, p. 297 The Definition implicitly addressed a number of popular heretical beliefs. The reference to "co-essential with the Father" was directed at Arianism; "co-essential with us" is directed at Apollinarianism; "Two Natures unconfusedly, unchangeably" refutes Eutychianism; and "indivisibly, inseparably" is against Nestorianism.[2] Oriental Orthodox dissent The Chalcedonian Definition was written amid controversy between the Western and Eastern churches over the meaning of the Incarnation (see Christology). The Western church readily accepted the creed, but some Eastern churches did not. Political disturbances prevented the Armenian bishops from attending. Even though Chalcedon reaffirmed the Third Council's condemnation of Nestorius, the Non-Chalcedonians always suspected that the Chalcedonian Definition tended towards Nestorianism. This was in part because of the restoration of a number of bishops deposed at the Second Council of Ephesus, bishops who had previously indicated what appeared to be support of Nestorian positions. The Coptic Church of Alexandria dissented, holding to Cyril of Alexandria's preferred formula for the oneness of Christ's nature in the incarnation of God the Word as "out of two natures".[5] Cyril's language is not consistent and he may have countenanced the view that it is possible to contemplate in theory two natures after the incarnation,[5] but the Church of Alexandria felt that the Definition should have stated that Christ be acknowledged "out of two natures" rather than "in two natures". The definition defines that Christ is "acknowledged in two natures", which "come together into one person and one hypostasis". The formal definition of "two natures" in Christ was understood by the critics of the council at the time, and is understood by many historians and theologians today, to side with western and Antiochene Christology and to diverge from the teaching of Cyril of Alexandria, who always stressed that Christ is "one". However, a modern analysis of the sources of the creed (by A. de Halleux, in Revue Theologique de Louvain 7, 1976) and a reading of the acts, or proceedings, of the council show that the bishops considered Cyril the great authority and that even the language of "two natures" derives from him. This miaphysite position, historically characterised by Chalcedonian followers as "monophysitism" though this is denied by the dissenters, formed the basis for the distinction of the Coptic Church of Egypt and Ethiopia and the "Jacobite" churches of Syria, and the Armenian Apostolic Church (see Oriental Orthodoxy) from other churches. References Christianity portal ^ Olson, Roger E. (1 April 1999). The Story of Christian Theology: Twenty Centuries of Tradition Reform. InterVarsity Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-8308-1505-0. ^ a b "Chalcedonian Definition". Episcopal Church. Retrieved 27 February 2020. ^ Bindley 1899, p. 225. ^ Schaff 1885. ^ a b Bindley 1899, pp. 91-92. Sources Bindley, T. Herbert, ed. (1899). The Oecumenical Documents of the Faith. London: Methuen. Edwards, Mark J. (2009). Catholicity and Heresy in the Early Church. Farnham: Ashgate. ISBN 9780754662914. Grillmeier, Aloys (1975) [1965]. Christ in Christian Tradition: From the Apostolic Age to Chalcedon (451) (2nd revised ed.). Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664223014. Gwynn, David M. (2009). "The Council of Chalcedon and the Definition of Christian Tradition". Chalcedon in Context: Church Councils 400–700. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. pp. 7–26. ISBN 9781846316487. Schaff, Philip, ed. (1885). "The Definition of Faith of the Council of Chalcedon" . Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Series II. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark. Vil. XIV – via Wikisource. Kelly, John N. D. (2006) [1972]. Early Christian Creeds (3rd ed.). London-New York: Continuum. ISBN 9780826492166. Meyendorff, John (1989). Imperial unity and Christian divisions: The Church 450-680 A.D. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press. ISBN 9780881410563. Price, Richard; Gaddis, Michael, eds. (2005a). The Acts of the Council of Chalcedon. 1. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 9780853230397. Price, Richard; Gaddis, Michael, eds. (2005b). The Acts of the Council of Chalcedon. 2. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 9780853230397. Price, Richard; Gaddis, Michael, eds. (2005c). The Acts of the Council of Chalcedon. 3. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. Price, Richard (2009a). "The Council of Chalcedon (451): A Narrative". Chalcedon in Context: Church Councils 400–700. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. pp. 70–91. ISBN 9781846316487. Price, Richard (2009b). "Truth, Omission, and Fiction in the Acts of Chalcedon". Chalcedon in Context: Church Councils 400–700. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. pp. 92–106. ISBN 9781846316487. Roueché, Charlotte (2009). "Acclamations at the Council of Chalcedon". Chalcedon in Context: Church Councils 400–700. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. pp. 169–177. ISBN 9781846316487. External links The Chalcedonian Creed in Greek at www.earlychurchtexts.com. (with dictionary lookup links) Definition of Chalcedon Retrieved from " / feɪn /See synonyms for: feign / feigned / feigning on Thesaurus.comto represent fictitiously; put on an appearance of: to feign sickness.to invent fictitiously or deceptively, as a story or an excuse.to imitate deceptively: to feign another's voice.verb (used without object)to make believe; pretend: She's only feigning, she isn't really ill.TEST YOUR MERIT ON THESE NEW WORDS IN 2021The Dictionary added new words and definition to our vast collection, and we want to see how well-versed you are in the formally recognized new lingo. Take the quiz!What does JEDI stand for?Meet Grammar CoachImprove Your Writing Meet Grammar CoachImprove Your Writing First recorded in 1250–1300; Middle English fei(g)nen, from Old French feign-, present stem of feindre, from Latin fingere “to shape, invent, feign”feigner, nounfeign·ing·ly, adverbun·feign·ing, adjectiveun·feign·ing·ly, adverbfain, faint, feign , feintfeet on the ground, feeze, FEF, Fehling's solution, FEI, feign, feigned, feijoa, feijoada, Feininger, feinschmeckerDictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2021play, dissimulate, bluff, assume, invent, fake, stonewall, fabricate, devise, imagine, dissemble, simulate, act, forge, affect, imitate, counterfeit, sham, play possum, put onWe each have on a disposable mask, which was still a newish kind of thing in March 2020, and we are lying on the floor, hugging, feigning panic.They cannot feign ignorance at the end of a journey that was ugly all along.Give us a moment to feign excitement...TVLine Sandra Bullock and Melissa McCarthy went trick-or-treating together.And you have to possess a certain amount of humility—or at least try to feign it from time to time.But anyone who can feign a relationship for 40 days can surely do it for one meal.I could likely feign my way through a short story—a very short story—in Farsi.Khaled Hosseini: How I Write|Noah Charney|November 7, 2012|DAILY BEASTSkilled physicians feign indifference to their calling that they may smack of the kennel and the hunting-field.A Cursory History of Swearing|Julian SharmanShe answered coldly that she could not feign; indifferent she was to everything on earth, indifferent she always should be.It Is Never Too Late to Mend|Charles ReadeKnoblock's sincere indignation wins, and the secretary backs away from the bedroom as I plunge under the covers and feign sleep.My Wonderful Visit|Charlie ChaplinSomething prompted Jack to lie still and feign sleep, while he kept his gaze on the man, who was looking fixedly at him.Two Boys in Wyoming|Edward S. EllisIn addition to the bedtime story, Peter found it necessary to feign great weariness in order to suggest a similar feeling in Pat.The Boy Grew Older|Heywood Brounto put on a show of (a quality or emotion); pretendto feign innocence(tr) to make up; inventto feign an excuse(tr) to copy; imitateto feign someone's laughfeigner, nounfeigningly, adverbC13: from Old French feindre to pretend, from Latin fingere to form, shape, inventCollins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012FEEDBACK© 2021 Dictionary.com, LLC [ verb suh-spekt; noun suhs-pekt; adjective suhs-pekt, suh-spekt ]/ verb səˈspɛkt; noun ˈsʌs pɛkt; adjective ˈsʌs pɛkt, səˈspɛkt /to believe to be guilty, false, counterfeit, undesirable, defective, bad, etc., with little or no proof: to suspect a person of murder.to doubt or mistrust: I suspect his motives.to believe to be the case or to be likely or probable; surmise: I suspect his knowledge did not amount to much.to have some hint or foreknowledge of: I think she suspected the surprise.verb (used without object)to believe something, especially something evil or wrong, to be the case; have suspicion. a person who is suspected, especially one suspected of a crime, offense, or the like. an animal or thing that is suspected to be the cause of something bad: Investigators focused on faulty wiring as a suspect in the house fire.The cause of the disease was not confirmed, but the suspect was an insect.suspected; open to or under suspicion. See synonyms for suspect on Thesaurus.comTEST YOUR MERIT ON THESE NEW WORDS IN 2021The Dictionary added new words and definition to our vast collection, and we want to see how well-versed you are in the formally recognized new lingo. Take the quiz!What does JEDI stand for?Meet Grammar CoachImprove Your Writing Meet Grammar CoachImprove Your Writing the usual suspects, the people, animals, or things that are commonly associated with a particular activity, situation, etc. (often used facetiously): We visited a family farm with sheep and bunnies and roosters and goats—the usual suspects!First recorded in 1250–1300; Middle English (adjective) from Latin suspectus, past participle of suspicere “to look up, look and see, regard with mistrust,” equivalent to su- “under, below, beneath” + -spicere, combining form of specere “to see, observe, keep an eye on, take into consideration”; (verb) partly from the adjective, partly from Middle French suspecter “to hold suspect,” or directly from Latin suspectāre, frequentative of suspicere; see su- sus·pect·i·ble, adjectivenon·sus·pect, noun, adjectivepre·sus·pect, verb (used with object)un·sus·pect·ing, adjectiveun·sus·pect·ing·ly, adverbSusiana, Susie, sus laws, suslik, Suslov, suspect, suspend, suspended animation, suspended sentence, suspender, suspender beltDictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2021Sus is a shortening of suspicious or suspect. In slang, it has the sense of “questionable” or “shady.” In England and Wales, sus appears in sus law, a name for a stop-and-search law that allowed the police to arrest suspected persons if they appear in violation of the Vagrancy Act of 1824. The British shortening dates back to the 1950s, with earlier abbreviations of sus for suspicion in other contexts reaching into the 1930s (and related to suss out). Black and ethnic minority groups felt especially targeted by sus laws in the 1970s–80s and ran a successful campaign called Scrap Sus. The law was indeed scrapped in 1981. Across the pond, sus is short of suspicious, extended to people’s behavior, beliefs, or other things deemed “shady” or “sketchy” in some way. Perhaps a shortening independent from the British English slang, sus spreads online in Black and internet slang in the early 2000s, entered on Urban Dictionary as early as 2003. In the UK, expect to encounter sus in the context of historic sus laws, often discussed in terms of racial inequalities in policing. I need to remind my former @metpoliceuk senior officers that indiscriminate stop & searches without reasonable grounds through the #SusLaw in #OperationSwamp was a key factor behind the #BrixtonRiots. They need to refresh their memory of the #ScarmanReport. #InstitutionalAmnesia pic.twitter.com/WlvenyYn8L — Leroy Logan MBE (@LeroyLogan999) November 12, 2018 On the internet and in Black slang, sus commonly calls out some behavior, action, person, or thing as questionable or objectionable. In this way, sus has come to mean “bad” more generally. Sus has spread into more mainstream slang, notably appropriated by Tesla’s Elon Musk in a June 2018 tweet. Looks so sus when we paint cars red pic.twitter.com/SIO2nInjhJ — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) June 23, 2018 This content is not meant to be a formal definition of this term. Rather, it is an informal summary that seeks to provide supplemental information and context important to know or keep in mind about the term’s history, meaning, and usage. speculate, consider, assume, doubt, presume, believe, think, wonder, suspected, thick, pseudo, thin, open, conjecture, conclude, reckon, conceive, gather, mistrust, feelBy the logic of this book, a lot of music made without “real” instruments — a lot of the music in the world right now, and some of the best — may start to look suspect.The suspect “was actually caught in the act,” prosecutor Arielle Hinton said this week during Cline’s first court hearing in the case in Montgomery County District Court.On one occasion, the father reported a credit card stolen and said he suspected his son had taken it, police said.Parker Pearson suspects other, still-undiscovered stone circles in western Wales contributed to the construction of Stonehenge and Bluestonehenge.After the shooting, a suspect was seen leaving the area in a silver SUV, possibly a Nissan Rogue.A fourth suspect, a 26-year-old woman named Hayat Boumeddiene, remains at large.France Kills Charlie Hebdo Murderers|Nico Hines|January 9, 2015|DAILY BEASTThe third suspect, an 18-year-old named Hamyd Mourad, who turned himself in, is part of the same extended family.The big slug happened to hit the suspect in the street, passing through his arm and then striking Police Officer Andrew Dossi.Shot Down During the NYPD Slowdown|Michael Daly|January 7, 2015|DAILY BEASTI suspect [Teresa] will get money sent in to her, so she can shop at the commissary.In such beer polls, I suspect a lot of voters would pick Huckabee.Why This Liberal Hearts Huckabee|Sally Kohn|January 6, 2015|DAILY BEASTAbout this time the famous Philippine painter, Juan Luna (vide p. 195), was released after six monthsʼ imprisonment as a suspect.The Philippine Islands|John ForemanIn this case, I suspect, there was co-operant a strongly marked childish characteristic, the love of producing an effect.Children's Ways|James SullyI suspect, from the evident care taken of it, that its product is considerably relied on for food.Glances at Europe|Horace GreeleyYou see it for yourself, no Englishman ever shall suspect me, when we shall converse, of being other than a Briton.The Pit Town Coronet, Volume I (of 3)|Charles James WillsOnly then did I own that by hook or by crook—and mostly by crook, I was forced to suspect—they had purposely given me the slip.Raw Gold|Bertrand W. Sinclair(tr) to believe guilty of a specified offence without proof(tr) to think false, questionable, etcshe suspected his sincerity(tr; may take a clause as object) to surmise to be the case; think probableto suspect frauda person who is under suspicioncausing or open to suspicionsuspecter, nounsuspectless, adjectiveC14: from Latin suspicere to mistrust, from sub- + specere to lookCollins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012WORD OF THE DAYfurphynoun | [fur-fee ]SEE DEFINITIONFEEDBACK© 2021 Dictionary.com, LLC
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