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Welcome What’s inside Windows 7 is one of the most this guide? successful operating systems (OS) that Microsoft has produced but, What’s happening to Windows 7? Find out why Windows 7 support is from January 2020, a decade after ending and what you need to do its launch, Microsoft is ending page 4 consumer support, so anyone who has a Windows 7 computer will need Windows 10 – what’s new? to start making plans for what to Discover how Windows 10 compares do next. If you’re affected, there’s to Windows 7 no need to panic. The easy solution page 6 is to switch to Windows 10, either Is my PC too old for Windows 10? by upgrading your existing PC If your PC won’t run Windows 10, now or by purchasing a new one. And might be a good time to buy a new one the good news is that Windows 10 page 8 will feel instantly familiar to seasoned Windows 7 users, while offering How to upgrade from Windows 7 all the advantages of a modern to Windows 10 operating system. Windows 10 Learn how to prepare for and carry is also easy to use, more secure out the upgrade procedure page 10 and will remain fully supported by Microsoft for many years to come. Fix Windows 10 upgrade problems We show you how to fix common issues with upgrades page 12 Get started with Windows 10 © Which? Ltd 2019 This guide has been produced for general Now you’ve upgraded, it’s time to get information and interest only. Which? makes every effort to ensure that the information in the guide is correct, but we to know Microsoft’s latest OS cannot guarantee that it is 100% free of inaccuracies, errors and omissions. We are not responsible for ensuring that the page 14 advice given in this guide is suitable for your purposes, or for any financial loss or loss of data that may be incurred as a result of following the advice. This is an independent publication and is not affiliated with, or authorised, sponsored Jargon buster or approved by the companies it refers to. The guide may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any Technical terms explained form or otherwise made available to third parties without the written permission of Which? Ltd. Commercial use of the guide page 16 is not permitted. You can enquire about using Which? content by emailing corporatequeries@which.co.uk. Acknowledgements: This guide contains screenshots which remain the property of Microsoft (front cover, pages 5, 8, 10–15). 2 which.co.uk which.co.uk 3
What’s happening to Windows 7? Microsoft is calling time on Windows 7 soon, but what does this mean and how will it affect you? We answer your questions Q What’s happening to Windows 7? or providing the security updates needed to patch Q What are the main features A On 14 January 2020, Microsoft will end its support and updates for any vulnerabilities and flaws that are identified. So if you continue to use your of Windows 10? A Windows 10 has dozens of new features. Here consumer editions of Windows 7 PC after this are a few highlights: Windows 7. date, there’s a much greater ■ Built-in security, including Q Why is Microsoft risk that hackers or malware could gain unauthorised antivirus protection, with Windows Security Some older PCs use a 32-bit system, whereas Q How much does Windows 10 cost? run the upgrade first before having to buy – A ending Windows 7? Most software is subject to a fixed access to your system, personal data and files. ■ Pre-installed apps (small programs) for photos, music, email and more newer ones tend to use a 64-bit system. Windows 10 is available for both A For a limited time after launch Microsoft offered Windows 10 as a free if it completes and you receive no prompts to enter a licence key, you shouldn’t ‘product lifecycle’ that begins when the software is released Q What do I need to do? ■ A redesigned Start menu ■ A simpler Settings app types of system, but you’ll need to make sure you get upgrade from Windows 7. Unfortunately, that offer has need to buy. Purchase directly from Microsoft, and lasts throughout a set period (anything from three to 10 years), during which A In order to stay safe you have two choices: upgrade your computer to ■ A new web browser – Microsoft Edge ■ A built-in, voice-controlled the correct version for your computer’s system type. You can find out whether now ended, so you might find you have to pay for Windows 10. You can rather than a third-party seller, to avoid getting a licence that doesn’t work. the software is supported Windows 10 (see pages digital assistant – Cortana your computer is 32-bit purchase it directly from by updates. Windows 7 10–11 for more), or buy a ■ Regular feature updates – or 64-bit by clicking Start, Microsoft at microsoft.com/ has reached the end of new PC with Windows 10 Windows 10 receives new right-clicking Computer en-gb/store/b/windows. SHOULD I WAIT FOR its lifecycle, so Microsoft is (see pages 8–9). features from Microsoft and selecting Properties Windows 10 Home is £119.99 WINDOWS 11? retiring it. You can read more every year. – look under System type and Windows 10 Pro is No. Windows 10 is the about Windows lifecycles at support.microsoft.com/ Q Should I upgrade to Windows 8.1 or 10? Q What edition of (see screenshot, below). £219.99. However, you can ‘last version’, so there will never be a Windows A en-gb/help/13853/ Microsoft currently Windows 10 do I need? 11. With Windows 10, the idea is that the operating windows-lifecycle-fact-sheet. supports two versions of Windows: 8.1 and 10. A As with previous versions of Microsoft’s system is supplied as an ongoing service, Q What does this mean for you? However, there is arguably little point in upgrading to operating system, there are several editions of Windows rather than a one-off purchase with a finite A If you have a Windows 7 PC it won’t suddenly stop working on 14 January Windows 8.1, since its product lifecycle ends on 10 January 2023, whereas Microsoft 10 available. The most relevant for home users is likely to be Windows 10 lifecycle. This means that Windows 10 will keep going indefinitely and you will continue 2020, but it will become far promises to continue Home. Windows 10 Pro has to receive updates, less safe to use, because supporting Windows 10 some additional features, as long as you keep Microsoft will no longer be on your PC as long as you but these are mostly geared your PC up to date. supporting the software keep the software up to date. towards business users. 4 which.co.uk which.co.uk 5
Windows 10 – what’s new? Apps and programs Windows 10 apps are like mini programs, The Edge browser Windows 10 debuts Microsoft’s new web Windows 10 may look different to Windows 7 and offer lots of similar to those on mobile devices such as browser, Edge (see screenshot, below). The new features but, thankfully, Microsoft’s latest operating system smartphones and tablets. The OS comes most recent version includes extensions – with several apps built in – Music, Mail, tools that add functions to the browser such will feel reassuringly familiar Calculator – but you can download others as ad blockers and password managers. The Start menu and desktop The Settings app via the Microsoft Store app, some of which Development of Internet Explorer has Microsoft experimented with dropping One major change is how you access many are free. Apps are usually simple to use ended, but Internet Explorer 11 is supported the Start menu in the Windows 8 operating of your PC’s settings. In Windows 7 these and safer than traditional programs, as under Windows 10 and the older browser is system, but it proved unpopular. Windows 10 were accessed via the Control Panel, but in they can’t access important system files. still available – click Start, type iexplore and uses a more traditional desktop, with a Start Windows 10 most everyday system settings Windows 10 can run traditional PC press Enter to launch it. You can also install button in the bottom left-hand corner of the and tools have moved to the Settings app programs and applications as well as other browsers, such as Chrome or Firefox. screen and a Start menu that pops up when – just click Start then the Settings cog icon, new-style apps, though some older Windows clicked to provide access to programs and or search for ‘settings’. 7 programs might suffer compatibility issues. files. On the left is an alphabetical list of In the Settings app you’ll find sections installed programs, while on the right you can for System, Devices, Network & Internet, Updates arrange shortcuts to apps and files, including Personalisation, Apps, Accounts, Ease In Windows 7 you can choose which ‘live’ tiles that display constantly updated of Access, Update & Security and more. updates to install or switch some off information such as news headlines and Each section is divided into subsections altogether – though it’s unsafe to do so. weather. If you start typing the program you that can be navigated using the left-hand In Windows 10, updates are compulsory Windows Security want, the Start menu will automatically find it. pane – the settings are in the main part (see screenshots, below). For installation, Windows 7 includes Defender – a built-in of the window on the right. To check for see The Settings app, left. firewall and security tool – but this only Windows updates, click Update & Security, Microsoft issues security updates and protects your PC against specific types of Windows 7 then Windows Update on the left and fixes on an ongoing basis, some of which malware, so a separate antivirus program is scroll through the options on the right. require you to restart your PC. In addition, needed for complete protection. In Windows Microsoft issues major updates to Windows 10, however, Windows Security works like a 10 twice a year – usually in spring and full antivirus program, watching for malware autumn. These update the operating system all the time, so it’s possible to use Windows to the latest version and bring lots of new 10 without installing any third-party security features and improvements. protection. If you prefer, you can install an alternative antivirus tool – some third-party Windows 7 security products provide additional features, Windows 7 such as password management tools. Windows 10 Windows 10 FIND OUT MORE We test both free and paid-for security Windows 10 software to find out which offer the best protection. If you have access to our site, you can see the Best Buys at which.co.uk/antivirus. 6 which.co.uk which.co.uk 7
Is my PC too old for Windows 10? ■ Many newer computers are designed for Windows 10’s features, such as a help speed up start-up times and extend battery life. The downside is they are touch-sensitive screen to support Windows more expensive per GB of storage. It’s not worth upgrading to Windows Ink handwriting and annotation abilities. ■ Screen size 10 if your current PC isn’t up to it. ■ A new PC will be under warranty and With a laptop’s screen, bigger isn’t always We help you work out if your PC will last for many years, whereas your old better – smaller screens often allow for longer will support Windows 10, or if you machine could develop a hardware fault battery life and more portability. Check the need to buy a new one that requires costly repairs. resolution, too – cheaper laptops might have ■ Upgrading to Windows 10 costs £119.99, lower-resolution screens, which can make What does my computer need to but some cheaper computers cost little your display feel cramped. upgrade to Windows 10? more than that – you can get a decent ■ Hybrids To upgrade a Windows 7 PC to Windows 10, it budget model for £150–£200. The line between laptops and tablets is should meet these requirements (although if it becoming increasingly blurred. Many only meets the most basic requirements it may How to buy a new laptop laptops have touchscreens and detachable be slow to use when Windows 10 is installed): If you decide to go for a new computer, keyboards, allowing you to use them like here are some features to look out for: a tablet. A hybrid combines the portability ■ 1GHz or faster processor of a tablet with the functionality of a laptop. ■ 1GB of Ram for 32-bit PCs, or 2GB of Ram ■ Processor for 64-bit PCs The clock speed of the processor, measured For more advice on buying the best laptop, ■ 16GB free hard-drive space for 32-bit in gigahertz (GHz), governs the laptop’s visit which.co.uk/buy-laptop. PCs, or 32GB for 64-bit PCs performance. But these days other factors, ■ A display with 800x600 pixels or greater FIND OUT MORE including how many cores the processor has, Should I buy a desktop PC instead? resolution If you’re in the market for a new PC also play an important part. Many processors A desktop PC is essentially a more traditional and have access to our site, you can now come in dual- or quad-core form, ‘tower’-style computer, although they come Check your current PC’s processor and Ram read our expert reviews of the latest doubling or quadrupling their power. in various shapes and sizes, including more by clicking Start, right-clicking Computer and models at which.co.uk/computing- ■ Memory (Ram) discreet mini PCs and stylish all-in-one reviews to find the best model for selecting Properties. To find out how much Ram is your laptop’s short-term memory, models. Desktop PCs tend to be more your budget and requirements. available hard-drive space you have, click which stores information while you’re using customisable and upgradable. They’re Start > Computer, then check your C:\ drive. it. The amount of Ram it has determines often a little cheaper than laptops, too. You Right-click anywhere on your desktop and Should I buy a new PC instead? how many different tasks it can accomplish can also keep costs down by reusing your select Screen resolution to find out your Even if your current PC meets or exceeds at one time. current computer’s accessories, such as a current display’s resolution (see below). these requirements, you might still be better ■ Hard drive keyboard, mouse or monitor. off buying a new computer. Here are some Your laptop’s hard drive provides long-term key considerations: memory for your files and software. Its size is measured in gigabytes (GB) or terabytes (TB). RECYCLE YOUR OLD COMPUTER ■ If your PC is old – perhaps more than eight Check how much storage you’re currently If you’re buying a new PC you’ll need to years old – it might struggle to run Windows using to ensure your new laptop exceeds that. consider what to do with your old one. You 10 smoothly, taking a long time to start up ■ Solid state drive (SSD) can recycle old computers, but you’ll need or perform tasks. Many laptops have a solid state drive or a to make sure you’ve removed all trace of ■ The older your computer, the more likely hybrid SSD/hard disk drive. SSDs work like your personal data first. Learn more at you are to encounter compatibility problems hard drives but there are no moving parts which.co.uk/recycle-computer. with Windows 10. so they’re more reliable. They’re faster, 8 which.co.uk which.co.uk 9
How to upgrade from 4 Start the upgrade procedure The precise method for launching Cortana, Windows 10’s built-in voice-controlled digital assistant, will Windows 7 to Windows 10 Windows 10 installer will depend on the format in which you purchased it. If you read these options aloud and, if you have a microphone attached to your bought it as a DVD or USB, insert the disk PC, you can make your selections using Installing a new version of Windows is a little time-consuming, but it or drive into your PC and the installer your voice. Alternatively, you can disable needn’t be stressful or complicated if you prepare properly and follow should launch automatically. If you got voice control by clicking the microphone the instructions step by step a download from Microsoft’s online icon at the bottom of the screen. store, double-click the downloaded file. 1 Get Windows 10 Before you buy Windows 10, make sure your current PC meets Microsoft’s system 3 Tidy up It’s worth doing some housekeeping before you upgrade your PC. Make sure The installer will check for updates and run a compatibility check on your PC’s hardware and software – if any issues are requirements for the upgrade (see page 8 you get the latest updates, make room found, you will see a message flagging for more on this). You’ll also need to ensure for Windows 10 and clear out any junk this (see pages 12–13 for compatibility you get the correct edition of Windows 10 or unwanted files. and upgrade problems). Choose to Keep for your needs and for your PC (see page 5). First, click Start > Control Panel > personal files and apps, then click Install. System and Security > Windows Update > 2 Back up Before you start, back up your PC so you can restore everything should anything go Check for updates and install any available updates. Next, click Start > Control Panel > Uninstall a program and work through the 7 Finish up Work through any remaining steps, wrong. We recommend using Windows 7’s list, clicking on any programs you no longer selecting your preferred setup options. built-in tools to create a system image, which need, then click Uninstall. To enable Cortana you must give permission is a backup of your entire hard drive. For this You can remove junk and temporary for Microsoft to collect certain data and your you’ll need an external USB hard drive large files by clicking Start, typing Disk Cleanup PC usage, including your location, search enough to take the contents of your hard and pressing Enter. Click Cleanup system history and calendar details. If you prefer drive – to check, click Start > Computer, then right-click the icon for C: drive and select Properties. Look under Used space – you’ll files, then tick the boxes next to the items in the Files to delete list and click OK > Delete Files. 5 Wait while the upgrade is carried out You’ll see a progress screen, then your PC will restart and display the Windows not to share this data, click Decline when asked to opt out. You’ll then have a short wait while Windows configures your PC, before need a USB drive with this amount or more. 10 logo. It might seem like the upgrade you are greeted by the Windows 10 desktop. Plug this in, then click Start > Control Panel > has frozen, but it’s working away in the System and Security > Back up and restore > background, so leave your computer Create a system image. Follow the steps, alone. Your computer will restart more ROLLBACK TO WINDOWS 7 selecting your external drive from the On a than once as the installer carries out the After upgrading to Windows 10 you can hard disk dropdown menu when prompted. upgrade. The process usually takes revert to Windows 7 should you need to between 30 minutes and an hour. retrieve a file (after January 2020 you should then upgrade again). In Windows 10, click Start > Settings > Recovery, then 6 Select your initial settings Eventually, you should see a screen asking you to complete setup by making a click Get started under Go back to Windows 7 and follow the steps. You can do this for up to 30 days after upgrading. few choices. Select United Kingdom for your You can also use the system image backup location and keyboard layout if prompted, you made in step 1 to restore your PC. for example (see screenshot, right). 10 which.co.uk which.co.uk 11
Fix Windows 10 My files open with the wrong programs When you double-click a file – an MP3 music list. Click the category of device you’re having problems with – for example, click Display upgrade problems file or JPG photo, for example – Windows opens the file in its associated program. adaptors if the issue is your screen. Now right-click the device listed and select Update The trouble is, Windows 10 often changes driver, then click Search automatically for With any luck your upgrade will have gone smoothly but, the associated programs to common file updated driver software. If Windows can’t find if you’re having problems, don’t worry – there are easy ways types, so when you double-click the file it a more up-to-date driver for your hardware, to solve most common issues opens in an alien program – often one of visit the manufacturer’s website to find one Microsoft’s own built-in apps, such as Groove yourself – most hardware manufacturers I get an error message when My programs no longer work Music – instead of the one you’re expecting. provide these via the Downloads or Support I try to upgrade to Windows 10 in Windows 10 Click Start > Settings > Apps > Default section of their website. If the upgrade fails, freezing and displaying If you’re using older programs under Windows apps. Click the icon under the category error messages, don’t panic: there are a 10, compatibility issues could prevent them you want to change – Music, for example – few things you can try. First, make sure running correctly – or even at all. If so, click and a list of alternative programs and apps you have enough free space on your hard Start, type compat and press Enter. Click you have installed will be displayed. Click drive – you should have at least 16GB Next to see if Windows 10 can detect the the program you want to switch to; for spare. If not, move some files to external problem automatically. If the program in instance, we’re switching from Groove drives and uninstall programs (see page 10). question is listed on the next screen, click Music to Windows Media Player. Check your hard drive for errors, too. to select it, then click Next. Otherwise, click Open Computer, then right-click your Not Listed > Next > Browse and look for the C: drive and select Properties. Click the exe file of the program – you should find it in Tools tab, then click Check now > Start > the C:\Program Files folder. Click Next, then Schedule disk check and restart your PC. select Try recommended settings. If this Any errors should be fixed automatically. doesn’t help, run the tool again and select When your computer restarts, unplug Troubleshoot program for more options. any extra hardware – printers, external drives and USB sticks, for example – then run Windows Update several times until you’re sure there are no more updates to install. Finally, restart your PC and try My hardware doesn’t work properly upgrading to Windows 10 again. after the upgrade As with software, it’s possible that hardware (like your screen or printer) designed to work with Windows 7 might cause problems after upgrading to Windows 10. You could, for example, find that your screen is skewing GET MORE HELP DID YOU KNOW? or displaying in an oddly stretched manner, As a Which? Tech member you can get or that you have no sound. External devices expert technical support and buying If your PC is experiencing a problem, try advice for computers, printers, tablets, Windows 10’s troubleshooting tools to fix might not work properly, either – you could smartphones, TVs, broadband and more. problems automatically. Click Start, type have problems printing. Updating drivers To email us visit which.co.uk/techsupport trouble, then click the Troubleshooting should resolve these issues; right-click Start and click on Ask our experts directly. settings link. and select Device Manager from the pop-up 12 which.co.uk which.co.uk 13
Get started with Windows 10 Using File Explorer Open File Explorer from its taskbar icon needing your attention. Individual security tools appear on the left – click one to see to browse all the files on your hard drive. its settings and options. For example, if you Whether you’ve upgraded to Windows 10 or bought a new PC, By default, it shows the Quick access view, want to scan your PC for malware, click Virus it’s time to find out how Microsoft’s latest operating system works. with frequently used folders at the top & threat protection, then click Scan now. Here we explore how to sign in, browse programs and files and and recent files at the bottom. For a more find your way around traditional view of your PC’s drives and Using the Microsoft Store user folders, click This PC on the left. If The Microsoft Store is a built-in app that Setting up an account Using the taskbar you’d prefer this view permanently, click allows you to buy and download apps, Unlike Windows 7, users can sign in to The taskbar runs along the bottom of the View > Options and select This PC from the games, movies, TV shows and more. You Windows 10 with a Microsoft account, screen. On the left is the Start button and Open File Explorer to menu, then click OK. can access it via the taskbar icon if you which will allow you to access a number of Search bar. The circular icon next to the are signed in with a Microsoft account. Microsoft services, including Outlook.com Search bar is the Cortana button. Click Click the Search icon to find something webmail, Xbox and OneDrive online storage. this to ask Cortana a question or change by keyword or browse by category by If you don’t have a Microsoft account, you the digital assistant’s settings. The icon clicking the headings at the top. can sign up for one at account.microsoft. to the right is the Task View button. Click com. If you prefer to sign in with an offline this to view all the program windows Uninstall apps and programs account, click Start > Settings > Accounts, currently open and your Timeline – Click Start > Settings > Apps. Click any apps then click Sign in with a local account which lists your recent activity. or programs you no longer want and click instead and follow the steps. By default, there will be shortcuts Uninstall > Uninstall to remove them. You for Edge, File Explorer and the Microsoft can also uninstall software by right-clicking Using the Start menu Store on the taskbar. You can add further Using Windows Security on its icon in the Start menu list and To customise the Start menu, scroll through useful shortcuts by opening a program In a recent Windows 10 update, Microsoft selecting Uninstall > Uninstall. the apps and programs on the left until – WordPad, for example – then right- consolidated all its built-in security tools you find one for which you want a shortcut. clicking its taskbar icon and selecting into a new app called Windows Security, Right-click and select Pin to Start – a tile Pin to taskbar. which can be accessed by clicking the shield for the program will appear in the right-hand On the right of the taskbar is the icon in the notification area (on the right of pane. You can rearrange the tiles by clicking Notification area, which shows the date, the taskbar) or selecting Windows Security and dragging them. Right-clicking a tile time, volume controls (the speaker icon) from the Start menu app list. The app opens gives more options – such as resizing it and icons for other programs that run on a Security at a glance screen (below), or switching the Live Tile function (where in the background, such as anti-virus showing your PC’s status and any issues it displays live information) on or off. software – click the up arrow to see more. Click the speech bubble icon on the far right to reveal recent notifications and shortcuts to useful settings. FIND OUT MORE For more expert tips, tricks and tutorials on how to use Windows 10, as well as simple solutions to other technology problems, visit our Tech Support site at computing.which.co.uk. 14 which.co.uk which.co.uk 15
Jargon ■ GHz (gigahertz) A measurement of such as Windows on a PC or Android and iOS buster processing speed ■ Graphical user on mobile devices ■ Password manager interface (GUI) The way A tool that can securely ■ 32-bit/64-bit Older you control programs using manage and generate computers run on 32-bit buttons on-screen along with passwords and logins systems, while newer PCs a mouse and keyboard ■ Ram Your computer’s run on 64-bit systems ■ Hacker Criminals who temporary ‘working’ ■ Antivirus Software that use vulnerabilities to gain storage area scans for viruses and other access to devices and data ■ Resolution The amount malware, and removes them ■ Hard drive A computer’s of detail in an image or from your computer permanent storage. Files displayed on a screen, ■ App (Short for application). and programs are all kept measured in pixels A small program installed on on the internal hard drive, ■ Software A general mobile devices and newer external hard drives can term for programs and versions of Windows. be used for backup applications that run on ■ Back up Making copies ■ Hardware The physical computers of your files to keep them parts of a computer and ■ SSD A newer type of safe in the event that the related devices, such as a storage device, like a hard originals are lost, destroyed hard drive, monitor, printer drive but faster and with or stolen and mouse no moving parts ■ Digital assistant ■ High definition A ■ System image A type A voice-controlled computer high-quality video, clearer of backup that takes a system, such as Cortana than older, ‘Standard snapshot of your entire on Windows 10, Alexa on definition’ (SD) video hard drive, rather than Amazon Echo devices or ■ Hybrid device A device just specific files Siri on Apple products that can work in two different ■ TB (terabyte) A ■ Driver A small piece of ways, such as a laptop that measurement of storage software that allows hardware can be used as a tablet space: 1,000 gigabytes (GB) to interact with your computer ■ JPG A type of image file ■ USB A commonly used ■ Extensions Small tools (pronounced ‘J-Peg’) interface for connecting that can add extra functions ■ Malware An umbrella external devices to a web browser, such as term for viruses, Trojans, ■ Virus A malicious an ad blocker ransomware and other program that spreads from ■ Firewall A security system malicious programs computer to computer that blocks incoming and ■ MP3 A type of audio file ■ Web browser outgoing connections that ■ Operating system The software you use may harm your computer The core software that to browse websites, such ■ GB (gigabyte) A provides a user interface as Edge in Windows 10. measurement of storage by which people can Other examples are Chrome, space: 1,000 megabytes (MB) interact with their device, Firefox or Internet Explorer 16 which.co.uk
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