The future of Particle Physics from an accelerating point of view - Isabel Bejar Alonso with slides coming from all the physics community - CERN ...
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The future of Particle Physics …… from an accelerating point of view Isabel Bejar Alonso with slides coming from all the physics community Former HL-LHC Configuration, Quality, Risk and Sourcing Officer
¿Qué será … será ….?
2
Habrá que preguntarse ...
¿En las manos de quienes está …?
3
O ... ¿Quienes tienen dinero para financiar
ciencia básica?
4
O son los lideres que inspiraran a nuestros
politicos …
5
Lo que sabemos es que hoy en día hay
una estrategia Europea recién
estrenada,
una estrategia Estadounidense que se
presentó en 2014,
una estrategia japonesa y planes de
crear grandes aceleradores en China …
6
Strategy USA - 2014
Particle physics is a highly successful,
discovery-driven science. It explores the
fundamental constituents of matter and energy, and
it reveals the profound connections underlying
everything we see, including the smallest and the
largest structures in the Universe. Earlier
investments have been rewarded with recent
fundamental discoveries, and upcoming
opportunities will push into new territory. Particle
physics inspires young people to engage with
science.
7
Drivers
8
Strategy USA
Large projects, in time order, include the Muon g-2 and Muon-to-
electron Conversion (Mu2e) experiments at Fermilab, strong
collaboration in the high-luminosity upgrades to the Large Hadron
Collider (HL-LHC), and a U.S.-hosted Long Baseline Neutrino Facility
(LBNF) that receives the world’s highest intensity neutrino beam from
(PIP-II) at Fermilab.
U.S. involvement in a Japanese-hosted International Linear Collider
(ILC).
Areas with clear U.S. leadership in which investments in medium- and
small-scale experiments have great promise for near-term discovery
include dark matter direct detection, the Large Synoptic Survey
Telescope (LSST), the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI),
cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments, short-baseline
neutrino experiments, and a portfolio of small projects.
9
The Strategy Europe in 2014 was …
Exploit its current world-leading facility for particle physics,
the LHC, to its full potential over a period of many years, with
a series of planned upgrades (HL-LHC);
Continue to develop novel techniques leading to ambitious
future accelerator projects on a global scale;
Be open to engagement in a range of unique basic physics
research projects alongside the LHC;
Be open to collaboration in particle physics projects beyond
the European region;
Maintain a healthy base in fundamental physics research,
with universities and national laboratories contributing to a
strong European focus through CERN;
Continue to invest substantial effort in communication,
education and outreach to engage global publics with
science.
10So many possibilities ….
Flavours & CP EW& Higgs
Interactio.
Strong
Astropart.
Neutrino
Dark
Beyond
11No one clear way….
12And now … High-priority future initiatives
Ursula Bassler
CERN Council President
13High-priority future initiatives
14High-priority future initiatives
15Other essential scientific activities
16CERN’s scientific vision and main goals
Full exploitation of LHC including high-luminosity upgrade Fabiola Gianotti
- Vast physics reach for all experiments CERN DG
- Physics and technology milestone towards a future collider
Note: no future for CERN if HL-LHC is not successful
Investigation of technical and financial feasibility of FCC
ESPP gives direction for future collider at CERN*, but prudent approach: feasibility study
first
Reinforced R&D on accelerator technologies: high-field superconducting magnets,
high-gradient accelerating structures, and plasma wakefield, muon colliders, ERL, etc.
To prepare a broad and solid future for HEP, including alternatives to FCC if not feasible.
ESPP recommends development of Accelerator R&D roadmap by European community.
Support of scientific diversity programme and long-baseline neutrino (in particular
LBNF/DUNE)
Diversity is keyword in the absence of clues on E-scale and couplings of new physics
CERN’s 2020 Medium-Term Plan (MTP), covering 2021-2025, provides first
implementation of this vision approved with very strong support by Council in Sept
* Strong support in European particle physics community for Higgs factory as next
collider and on high-energy pp collider; non consensus, however, on which type of
Higgs factory (linear/circular/where)The European Strategy for Particle Physics
Update 2013
Demos un poco de prespectiva a lo que implica
Full exploitation of LHC including high-luminosity upgrade
c) Europe’s top priority should be the exploitation of the full potential of the
LHC, including the high-luminosity upgrade of the machine and detectors with a
ten times more data than in the initial
view to collecting
design, by around 2030. This upgrade programme will also provide
further exciting opportunities for the study of flavour physics and the quark-
gluon plasma.
HL-LHC from a study to a PROJECT
300 fb-1 → 3000 fb-1
including LHC injectors upgrade LIU (Linac 4, Booster
2GeV, PS and SPS upgrade)
18Full exploitation of the LHC: The LHC
1983 : First studies for the LHC project
1988 : First magnet model (feasibility)
1994 : Approval of the LHC by the CERN
Council
1996-1999 :Series production industrialisation
1998 : Declaration of Public Utility & Start of
civil engineering
1998-2000 :Placement of the main production
contracts
2004 : Start of the LHC installation
2005-2007 :Magnets Installation in the tunnel
2006-2008 :Hardware commissioning
2008-2009 :Beam commissioning and repair
2009-2035 :Physics exploitation
Courtesy Fredy Bordry
19June 1994
June 2007 First sector cold
first full scale prototype dipole
ECFA-CERN workshop
April 2008
Last dipole down
1994 project
9T- 1m approved by
single bore council (1-in-2)
25 years
Main contracts signed
83 84 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
2002 String 2
November 2006
Decision for Nb-Ti 9T -10 m prototype 1232 delivered
September 10, 2008
First beams around
Courtesy Fredy BordryAugust 2008
First injection test
Feb. 2013
May 2012
October, 2011 p-Pb82+
Ramping
3.5x10+33, 5.7 fb-1 New Operation
November 29, 2009 Performance
Mode
Beam back First Hints!!
Sept. 10, 2008
First beams around June 28 2011
1380 bunches
March 14th
October 14, 1380 2012
2010 Restart Nov. 2012
L= 1x10+32 with Beam End of p+ Run 1
248 bunches
Repair and Consolidation
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
November 2010
March 30, 2010 Pb82+ Ions
First collisions at 3.5 TeV Higgs Day
Sept.
19, 2008 LS1
Incident
November 2011
Second Ion Run
Courtesy Fredy Bordry 21LHC roadmap: according to … today .
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Physics
LHC Shutdown
Injectors Beam commissioning
Technical stop
2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
LHC
Injectors
COVID + Run 3
2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035
Run 2 LS 2
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
LHC
Injectors
Run 4
Run 3 LS 3 Run 4
LS 4 LS 5
LS 4 Run 5 LS 5
22Y en otros sitios?
23Diversidad …
y colaboración
(Neutrinos, muones y no sólo)
24Diversity programme serving a broad community
AD: Antiproton Decelerator for
antimatter studies
CAST, OSQAR: axions
CLOUD: impact of cosmic rays
on aeorosols and clouds
implications on climate
COMPASS: hadron structure and
spectroscopy
ISOLDE: radioactive nuclei facility
NA61/Shine: ions and neutrino
targets
NA62: rare kaon decays
NA63: radiation processes in
strong EM fields
n-TOF: n-induced cross-sections
UA9: crystal collimation
Neutrino Platform: collaborating
~20 experiments > 1200 physicists with experiments in US and
Japan see later
25Work in progress to solidify LBNF/DUNE plans
At the moment, DOE is struggling with cost increases and
shortfalls in international contributions as it pushes
LBNF/DUNE toward its next managerial milestone.
To pass the milestone, projects must establish a firm
baseline cost and schedule. One problem LBNF/DUNE has
faced is higher-than-expected costs to excavate caverns
for the project’s neutrino detector modules.
26Tested in 2018
CERN Neutrino Platform
Mission:
Provide charged beams and test space to
neutrino community North Area extension
Support European participation in accelerator
neutrino experiments in US and Japan:
R&D to demonstrate large-scale LAr technology
(cryostats, cryogenics, detectors)
Construction of one cryostat for DUNE detector modules
Construction of BabyMIND magnet: muon spectrometer for WAGASCI experiment at JPARC
Refurbishment of ICARUS T600 Construction and test of “full-scale” prototypes of
for short baseline programme DUNE drift cells: ~ 6x6x6 m3, ~ 700 tons
ship to FNAL beg 2017
double-phase
single-phase
27Hyper-Kamiokande, JPARC: construction could start ~2018 April 2020
Prompt
0.38 0.75 > 1 MW p source
realization
Ep = 30 GeV Eν~ 0.6 GeV
Narrow-band ν beam
high intensity at oscillation peak
300 km
HK JPARC
Complementary to LBNE: different detector technology,
~0.5 Mton Water Cerenkov detector shorter baseline ( less sensitive to mass hierarchy),
(~20 x Super-K) narrow-band beam ( high statistics of ν/anti-ν at
~ 1 km underground oscillation peak but limited measurement of oscillation
~ 2.50 off-axis narrow-band beam spectrum) 28Muones?
Muon colliders
Effort started at CERN to support European community.
Main challenges: accelerator and collider rings, interaction region, muon source and cooling,
fast-ramping magnets and power converters, neutrino radiation and civil engineering.
International collaboration being put in place, initially hosted at CERN
CERN’s budget: 2 MCHF/year
29PRESENTE ….
¿¿Presente??
30Full exploitation of the LHC:
DONE!!!
LIU LHC Injector Upgrades
LINAC4 – PS Booster:
– H- injection and increase of PSB injection energy from
50 MeV to 160 MeV, to increase PSB space charge
threshold
– New RF cavity system, new main power converters
– Increase of extraction energy from 1.4 GeV to 2 GeV
PS:
− Increase of injection energy from 1.4 GeV to 2 GeV to increase PS
space charge threshold
− Transverse resonance compensation
− New RF Longitudinal feedback system
− New RF beam manipulation scheme to increase beam brightness
SPS
− Electron Cloud mitigation – strong feedback system, or coating of the vacuum system
− Impedance reduction, improved feedbacks
− Large-scale modification to the main RF system
31
Courtesy Fredy Bordry… and what comes now
EYETS EYETS
? ?
LS2 extended +2 EYETS; LS3 starts now in 2025
However HL-LHC keeps the construction schedule unchanged to keep the momentum!
Covid-19 impact: Run3 start only in 2022!2011-2019: Design and prototypes
3334
35
2018–2021: Major civil engineering works
36Point 1 Underground Works – UR15
Point 1 Surface Works
HiLumi Point 1 Site
382018–2024: Construction and test of hardware
components
392021–2025: Preparation of infrastructure in the
tunnel and new. service galleries
402025 – 2027 Long shutdown (LS3)
QDS
Warm Diodes PIC,BIS
CLIQ
CDBs
OC EE
Valve box DFHX
D2 OC PCs
DFHM
D2 PC OC PCs
US57 D1 PC
PCs IT Trims
UW57 PC IT
CDBs DSHX
D2 OC EE
Cold box DSHM
RF Powering DFM
DCM
Cooling and
Ventilation DFX Cold Diodes
UPR57
DQHDS
Underground Civil Engineering Excavation work to 95% completed!HL-LHC: Pushing the technology!
42Global collaboration
43The largest HEP accelerator in
construction
ATLAS
CMS
200 m
Dispersion Suppressor (DS) Matching Section (MS) Interaction Region (ITR)
Modifications Complete change Complete change and
1. In IP2: new DS and new lay-out new lay-out
collimation in c. 1. TAN 1. TAXS
Cryostat 2. D2 2. Q1-Q2-Q3
2. In IP7 new DS 3. CC 3. D1
collimation with 11 T 4. Q4 4. All correctors
5. All correctors 5. Heavy shielding (W)
Cryogenics, Protection, 6. Q5
Interface, Vacuum, 7. New MQ in P6
Diagnostics, Inj/Extr…
extension of infrastructure
8. New collimators > 1.2 km of LHC
44The FCC integrated program
inspired by successful LEP – LHC programs at CERN
Comprehensive cost-effective program maximizing physics opportunities
• Stage 1: FCC-ee (Z, W, H, tt)ҧ as Higgs factory, electroweak & and top factory at highest luminosities
• Stage 2: FCC-hh (~100 TeV) as natural continuation at energy frontier, with ion and eh options
• Complementary physics
• Common civil engineering and technical infrastructures
• Building on and reusing CERN’s existing infrastructure
• FCC integrated project allows seamless continuation of HEP after HL-LHC
FCC-ee FCC-hhFCC roadmap towards stage 1
>2030 >2036
start tunnel machine
construction installation
>2040 first
2028 approval
ee collisions
2026/7 >2030 - 37
ESPPU element production
2025/26 >2026 - 30 full
technical design
2014 FCC Feasibility proof
2020 2025/26
study kickoff ESPPU 2020 FCCIS
2018 FCC CDR Financing model
2013 kickoff
ESPPU Operation concept
today 2020 2025
2012 Higgs discovery announced FCC Feasibility Study
2011 circular Higgs factory proposal FCCIS H2020 DSY si el futuro es la física de partículas
sin aceleradores….
47Gracias a todos los que trabajan y aportan su
granito de arena para resolver los misterios
que nos entornan
Gracias a aquellos que contribuyen para que
nuestro trabajo sea posible
Gracias a todos los que son curiosos y
despiertan la curiosidad en los que les
rodean
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