The Dawn of the 5G Era and DOCOMO's R&D Activities
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Feb. 18, 2021 The Dawn of the 5G Era and DOCOMO’s R&D Activities Naoki Tani NTT DOCOMO, INC. Executive Vice President Chief Technology Officer Executive General Manager of R&D Innovation Division ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. Names of companies, products or logos contained in this material are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective organizations.
Digital Transformation (DX) Gaining Traction Changes in society Evolution of technology (Society5.0) (Fourth industrial revolution) Sustainable society Digital IoT, AI, AR/VR, 5G, etc. Measures for aging population, environment transformation Robots, drones, autonomous vehicles, protection, labor productivity improvement, etc. etc. Contactless, remote-style society Rise of digital platformers Intra-industry mergers and Emergence of new players Workstyle change inter-industry collaboration Creation of new added value Transformation of industrial structure ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 1
DOCOMO’s Approach to R&D A society where everyone can shine and tap into a broad spectrum of possibilities by reaching out and connecting with others Wellbeing Society Core technology evolution Cyber-physical convergence Cyb er s p ac e Data Future prediction/ utilization AI x data 2 Data acquisition/ accumulation knowledge discovery 3 Cyber-Physical Connectivity 5G/Next-gen network NW convergence NW Customer 1 4 Informatization of people, touchpoints IoT/Devices things and events Actuate Physical space ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 2
ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved.
Advancement of Mobile Networks Transmission speed: Up 1.75 million-fold in 27 years Ultra high-speed data High-speed data Low-speed data Voice 4.2Gbps Digital (2020) Analog 2.4kbps (1993) ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 4
Creating a New History 1G 2G 3G 4G 5G 6G 1980 1985 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Solution of social issues Car phone Shoulder phone MOVA i-mode Smartphone Human-centered value Mobile Portable Pocket-size Information A wide array of creation telephone telephone handset in your hand apps/videos The first wave The second wave The third wave Proliferation of Mobile Phones Mobile Multimedia New Business Value ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. ©2020 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 5
DOCOMO’s 5G: NOW DOCOMO’s 5G: Commercial service launched Mar. 25, 2020 5G subscriptions 5G area buildout Participation in 5G Open Partner Program 5G service available in Approx. 1.41 mil Over 3,600 organizations 209 cities Social implementation Solution Field partner partner Expand Circle of further co-creation Support network construction As of Dec. 31, 2020 As of Dec. 31, 2020 As of January 2021 ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 6
“Lightning Speed 5G” Coverage Expansion Using 3 New Spectrum Bands 3 New 5G spectrum bands 3.7GHz 4.5GHz 28GHz Lightning Speed 5G High-speed, large-capacity population coverage: High-speed, large-capacity population coverage: Approx. 70%* 55%* ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 7 *Projected 5G area coverage using new spectrum
“Lightning Speed 5G” Roadmap for Speed/Capacity Enhancement 2020 ・・・ 202X Max. download speed: 20Gbps Sept. 23, 2020 Max. upload speed: 10Gbps Started millimeter wave (28GHz band) service Max. download speed: 4.1Gbps Max. upload speed: 278Mbps Mar. 25, 2020 Max. download speed: 3.4Gbps Max. upload speed: 182Mbps Dec. 7, 2020 3.7GHz Started carrier aggregation with sub-6 bands ▲5G service launch Max. download speed: 4.2Gbps *1 Sub6-CA*2 Max. upload speed: 480Mbps 4.5GHz *1: Maximum value for applicable area coverage set forth in the technical standard of compatible devices. ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 8 *2: Carrier aggregation compliant with O-RAN specifications.
Evolution of Network to Respond to Varying Needs Lower latency (MEC＊) ＊Multi-Access Edge Computing Software-based (virtualization) Shared use of generic hardware to realize cost efficient network Further reduction of end-end latency highly resilient against equipment failure and disasters Radio access latency Fixed line latency Latency proportional to physical distance between base station Various software can share common generic hardware and server Transmit NW Internet Server Packet switch Voice switch NW equipment Status notice Software Software Virtualization management Virtualization layer system The shorter the distance, Instruction the lower the latency Generic HW Generic HW Open (O-RAN*) *O-RAN : Open Radio Access Network Slicing (5GC) Enable fast, flexible and efficient network construction Flexible network rollout through software implementation through interconnectible open interface 5GC Vendor B Vendor G Large Large capacity slice Vendor I capacity Internet Video content Need service (logical NW) server, etc. Vendor A Vendor C Vendor H Low CU latency Low latency slice Need MEC server, etc. app (logical NW) Vendor E Vendor B Vendor D CU Vendor A ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. Vendor F 9
5G Essential Patent Ownership Share No. 1 No.2 No.3 No.6 No.4 No.5 (Source) Cyber Creative Institute Co. Ltd. “Essentiality Evaluation of SEP Declared 5G Patents” (Underlines in the chart were added by NTT DOCOMO, INC.) https://www.cybersoken.com/blog/topics/2020/10/12/2825/ ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 10 Announced by DOCOMO: Oct. 20, 2020
5G Open RAN Ecosystem Started joint studies with partners to promote open intra-equipment interface in addition to open inter-equipment interface Overseas telecom carriers Xilinx Dell Technologies Wind River Fujitsu Intel VMware 5G Open RAN ecosystem Red Hat Mavenir Qualcomm Technologies NEC NVIDIA NTT DATA ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 11 Press release: Feb 3, 2021
5G Development Track Record and 6G Outlook Publication of DOCOMO 5G White Paper DOCOMO 5G (FRA) 5G Verification trial Initial concept conference Start of DOCOMO 5G presentation experiment announced 3GPP standardization ARIB 20B AH 5GMF established established System development 5G Basic concept commercialization Study projects established Verification trial Standardization System development Ver. 1.02.0 3.0 DOCOMO B5G DOCOMO 5G Evolution & WRC23 WRC27 6G Initial concept conference presentation 6G White Paper Beyond 5G Promotion Next G Strategy Council Alliance, US Beyond 5G Promotion Consortium Basic concept 6G Study projects established commercialization? Verification trial -- Standardization – System development ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 12
Challenging the “Extremes” toward 6G 6G Extreme high Extreme low data rate/capacity latency • Peak data rate >100Gbps • E2E extreme low latency
World Envisaged by 5G Evolution & 6G TM DOCOMO White Paper “5G Evolution and 6G” Ver. 1.0 (Published Jan. 22, 2020) Ver. 2.0 (Published Jul. 17, 2020) Ver. 3.0 (Published Feb. 2, 2021) https://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/corporate/technology/ whitepaper_6g/?icid=CRP_CORP_to_CRP_CORP_tech nology_whitepaper_6g ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 14
World Envisaged by 5G Evolution & 6G Coverage extension Explore industrial adoption Overall evaluation connecting actual plants and equipment Utilization of high altitude pseudo satellites (HAPS), satellite MIMO, underwater MIMO, millimeter wave performance verification for high-mobility environment, Area estimation using point cloud data, definition of co-existence conditions communication performance verification at 360km/h, flexible reflector films, with industrial equipment, various verifications using real metasurface lens, 5G relay node, Pinching antenna, smart surface environments/equipment, URLCC verification trial, etc. Use of THz bands Future network 6G simulator, 100GHz band high-output power amp, AI For RAN, Cradio , VM-MIMO, OAM-MIMO, 150GHz band transmission system, 300 GHz band ultra high-speed IC, Analog-ROF,６G radio techniques (Mega-MIMO, etc.) THz propagation tests, mobility performance verification using sensing ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 15
ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved.
Mobile Spatial Statistics Mobile spatial statistics is a new form of demographic statistics that can track “when” and “what kind of person” moved from “where” to “where” New demographic statistics “Extrapolation” that estimates population based on no. of devices Operation data*3 of : Users in Japan: Approx. 80 mil units *1 Foreigners visiting Japan: Approx. 12 mil units *2 *1: Estimation is performed based on these units after eliminating the no. of enterprise and MVNO accounts, etc. (As of March 2020) *2: Actual no. of visitors for 2019 *3: Data required to maintain mobile phones connectible all the time ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 17
AI-based Traffic Jam Prediction Traffic condition prediction model that patternizes the correlation between historical population data and traffic conditions Provide traffic jam Population distribution Predicts traffic status for the hours projection data of the day when people return home Projected required time Projected traffic demand ? Traffic condition prediction model © OpenStreetMap contributors NEXCO East Japan Projection data for Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line and Kan-etsu Expressway is currently provided on a daily basis 1 2 3 Values Improved satisfaction Vitalization of Traffic jam mitigation delivered of expressway users regional economy ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 18
Behavior Change Techniques Development of a technique that powerfully induces people’s behavior change through personalized “nudge”*1 leveraging insights from behavior economics Weather Current Shop Map info. time info. info. Behavior change platform Congestion/ Attribute Open Partner traffic jam info. info. Prediction data data data Behavior change model ③Info. distribution ① Collect info. ② Analyze info. & personalize (Attribute-based nudge) Smartphone Smartphone ④ Behavior change *1: Nudge=A behavioral economics term for an act Marketing/ aimed at inducing people to voluntarily make a choice that leads to a better behavior (e.g., Traffic jam Customer health promotion, disease prevention). *2: Press release dated Feb. 10, 2021, “DOCOMO mitigation*2 referral to start verification trial for a new method of 19 information distribution aimed at inducing ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. behavior change” (Japanese only).
New Experiences Enabled by XR (VR/AR/MR) Virtual Reality Augmented Reality Mixed Reality Experience in a virtual space Superimposition of content Experience in a world where that is completely detached on to real world real world and virtually from real world displayed objects are converged and made indistinguishable ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 20 *XR is a collective term representing VR, AR and MR
Transcendence in 5 Areas Realized by 5G × XR OMO＊ Scale Recognition 5G x XR Time Distance ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 21 ＊Online Merges with Offline: A marketing approach integrating online experience with physical shops
World DOCOMO Aspires to Create with XR and Technical Developments Discovery of new value and Remote operations & Bring fun & convenient places, or attractiveness of communities & customer experience other places you want to go tourist destinations with a rich sense of reality to your living room Front/portal Device/UI XR technologies 3D content Spatial platform ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 22
Enhanced Spatial Value through Virtual Event Platform A platform that delivers “real” events as a new “digital” experience New forms of seminar/exhibition New forms of city/community Real Digital Real Digital New forms of music/sport New forms of education Real Digital Real Digital ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 23
New Society Brought About by Digital A society where everyone can shine and tap into a broad spectrum of possibilities by reaching out and connecting with others W e l l bWellbeing e i n g Society Society Construct a smart city leveraging cross-sectoral DX Transport Medical/healthcare Urban design Fintech Communication ・・・ Realize comfortable and Realize a society in which Deliver new experience Create a fair and everyone can stay and value in all Realize a new world of optimal transport for healthy while pursuing touchpoints of in the highly convenient communications culture all people/objects economic sphere their everyday activities community AI traffic jam AI x Data prediction ・・・ TM Technical development 5G/Next-gen NW ・・・ coupled with business IoT/Devices ・・・ ⓒ2021 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved. 24
The new of today, the norm of tomorrow
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