The 17th Annual Student Conference - University at Albany
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The 17th Annual Student Conference
Conference Program
Accessing the Conference
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Organization Search: Center for Undergraduate
Research and Creative Engagement
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CURCE's conference organizational team would like to
offer special thanks to Kim McDonnell of ETS for her
invaluable technological support and advice, as well as
the moderators, including the faculty, staff, and students
listed below:
Kathryn Fore
Madeline Illenberg
Chang Sup Park
Jermaine Harris
Arati Iyengar
Marcie Newton Becky Dinkell
Ewan McNay Leah Rotella
Joseph Meyer Kaitlyn Beachner
Nicole Ralbovsky Natalie Coffey
Zahirul Hasan Khan Nurat Affinnih
Julie Novkov Darlene Poirier
Stacey Zyskowski Lauren Clemens
Diana Mancini Kim McDonnell
Mary Ellen Mallia Linda Krzykowski
Jonathan Muckell Sheri Stevens
Amanda Spriggs ITS/Blackboard
Annie Connors
Arun Richard Chandrasekaran
Sincerely,
Marilyn Masson, Deana Vitrano
Hayley Peterson, Peri Sosensky, and
Allison Wilck, ,
(CURCE Conference Team)
PRESIDENTIAL AWARD FOR
UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Congratulations to the twenty-four University at Albany Undergraduates who received the
Presidential Award for Undergraduate Research
David Allen - Where Green Men, Shifty Lads, and Edward Waverley Collide: The Exoticizing of Scotland in 19th-
Century Highland Folklore
Faculty Advisor: Kir Kulken, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Pranjal Atrey - Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Cryosphere
Faculty Advisor: Mustafa Aksoy, College of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Department of Electrical and
Computer Engineering
Thomas Banco - Quantification of DNA base-stacking energy at single-molecule level
Faculty Advisor: Ken Halvorsen, College of Arts and Sciences, The RNA Institute
Lucas Campo - Senator Bernie Sanders, The Political Context of the 2020 Election, and the Treatment of the
Democratic Frontrunners by the Mainstream Media
Faculty Advisor: Anne Hildreth, Rockefeller College of Public Affairs & Policy, Department of Political Science
Anthony Capece - Cyber Innovation Lab - A Cybersecurity Testbed for the advancement of intrusion detection
systems
Faculty Advisor: Sanjay Goel, School of Business, Department of Information Security & Digital Forensics
Jeffrey Doherty - The Internal Changes of the Guardia di Finanza: 2005 to 2015
Faculty Advisor: Brian Nussbaum, College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity
Nicholas Dorthe - “No French Laws! No Popery!”: How Anti-Catholicism Unified the Public during the American
Revolution
Faculty Advisor: Christopher Pastore, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History
Rachel Freeman - Animal Use at the Pre-Columbian Maya Urban Capital of Mayapan, Yucatan, Mexico
Faculty Advisor: Marilyn Masson, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Anthropology
Cassandra Kane - A year of pediatric injury prevention on instagram
Faculty Advisor: Jennifer Manganello, School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy, Management and
Behavior
Kara Laflamme - Role of RNA modifications on gametogenesis
Faculty Advisor: Prashanth Rangan, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences
Joel Lopez - The Venezuelan Refugee Crisis: A Consequence of U.S. Economic Sanctions
Faculty Advisor: Christine Vassallo-Oby, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Latin American, Caribbean
and U.S. Latino Studies
Alyse McAlpine - Derivatives Use and Risk Taking: Evidence from Alternative Mutual Funds
Faculty Advisor: Ying Wang, School of Business, Department of FinanceJayda Melnitsky - Behavioral Effects of Early Postpartum Offspring Removal in Rats Faculty Advisor: Joanna Workman, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology Emily O’Halloran - Correlates of Compliance in Community Diversion Programs Faculty Advisor: Alissa Worden, School of Criminal Justice Sophia Patka - The Relationship Between Political Ideologies and College Faculty Advisor: Zsofia Barta & Anna Newheiser, Rockefeller College of Public Affairs & Policy, Department of Political Science Hayley Peterson - Operational Code Analysis: Assessing Leadership Behavior in International Relations Faculty Advisor: Michael Young, College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity Tamika Ramos-Ungewitter - Empowering and Enhancing the Strengths of Transition Age Youth (Foster Care) through Trauma-Informed Practices. Faculty Advisor: Lani Jones, School of Social Welfare Chloe Ross - The Transformation of Grendel’s Mother through Translations and Adaptations of "Beowulf" Faculty Advisor: Helene Scheck, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English Anthony Scalise - A diachronic study of Iberian leismo from the 13th to the 20th centuries Faculty Advisor: Sara Zahler, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures Sharon Shaughnessy - Gender differences in alternative splicing in myotonic dystrophy Faculty Advisor: Andy Berglund, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences Javier Vilcapoma - Toward tailored biostability of DNA nanostructures Faculty Advisor: Ken Halvorsen, College of Arts and Sciences, The RNA Institute Ian Walter - Deep Learning Based Optical Camera Communications Faculty Advisor: Hany Elgala, College of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Arielle Westcott - Girls in Wonderland: Gender in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland & Spirited Away Faculty Advisor: Laura Tetreault, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English Hyun Ah Yoon - RACK1 facilitates cap-independent translation of polyA-leader sequences Faculty Advisor: Gabriele Fuchs, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences
SITUATION PRIZE FOR RESEARCH
Congratulations to the nine University at Albany Undergraduates who received the Situation
Prize for Research
Nurat Affinnih - Optical Activation of GABA Release from D2-Medium Spiny Neurons
Faculty Advisor: Annalisa Scimemi, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences
Deborah Ariyibi - Analysis of mouse genomic DNA using polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis
Faculty Advisor: Annalisa Scimemi, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences
Emily Copertino - Remembering Strangers: A Look Into the Production Effect and Face-Name Associations
Faculty Advisor: Jeanette Altarriba, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
Caleb Levine - The effects of metformin on high-fat diet induced cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation
Faculty Advisor: Ewan McNay, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
Meghan Pannone - The Silence of Women: The Trauma and Oppression of Women in Communist States
Faculty Advisor: Camelia Lenart, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History
Sharon Shaughnessy - Sex-based Differences in Alternative Splicing in Patients with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1
Faculty Advisor: Andrew Berglund, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences
Jalissa Thomas - Detection and Age Estimation of Body Fluids on Interfering Substrates using Raman spectroscopy
and HAMAND
Faculty Advisor: Igor Lednev, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry
Kathryn Ting - Container Glass Analysis: Reconstructing African American Lifeways at the Stephen and Harriet
Meyers Site in Albany, NY
Faculty Advisor: Marilyn Masson, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Anthropology
Mark Verenich - Dosing RBFOX1 to assess endogenous splicing
Faculty Advisor: Andrew Berglund, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological SciencesSORRELL CHESIN RESEARCH AWARD
Congratulations to the four Juniors and Seniors in Life Sciences Research at University at
Albany who received the inaugural Sorrell Chesin Research Award
Carmalena Cordi - Angiocrine Factor Profiling for Salivary Gland Regeneration
Faculty Advisor: Melinda Larsen, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences
Caleb Levine - The effects of metformin on high-fat diet-induced cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation
Faculty Advisor: Ewan McNay, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
Le Gia Cat Pham - Glutamine Antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) slows Triple Negative Breast Cancer
growth by inhibition of hyaluronan synthesis
Faculty Advisor: JoEllen Welsh, Cancer Research Center
Mark Verenich - Dosing RBFOX1 to assess endogenous splicing
Faculty Advisor: Andy Berglund, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological SciencesCURCE STRATEGIC PLAN
ACCELERATOR GRANTS
Congratulations to the University at Albany Undergraduates who received a CURCE Strategic
Plan Accelerator Grant for the 2019-2020 Academic Year
Travel Grant Recipients
Nurat Affinnih - Optical activation of GABA Release from D2-medium Spiny Neurons
Faculty Advisor: Annalisa Scimemi, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences
Thomas Banco - Quantification of individual Base-Stacking Interactions in DNA using Single-Molecule Force
Clamp and Calorimetry experiments
Faculty Advisor: Ken Halvorsen, College of Arts and Sciences, The RNA Institute
Haley Chesbro - D1-Medium Spiny Neurons in the Striatum can be Selectively Activated using ChannelRhodopsin
to Determine its Effect on GABAergic Signaling
Faculty Advisor: Annalisa Scimemi, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences
Danielle Duguid - A Regional Analysis of Settlement and Abandonment in the Lower Illinois River Valley
Faculty Advisor: Sean Rafferty, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Anthropology
Hayley Peterson - Operational Code Analysis: Assessing Leadership Behavior in International Relations
Faculty Advisor: Michael Young, College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity
Jalissa Thomas - The Detection and Identification of Blood on Interfering Substrates using Raman Spectroscopy
and HAMAND for Forensic Purposes
Faculty Advisor: Igor Lednev, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry
Javier Vilcapoma - Toward tailored biostability of DNA nanostructures.
Faculty Advisor: Ken Halvorsen, College of Arts and Sciences, The RNA Institute
Jendayi Womack - Katrina Lake website
Faculty Advisor: Jennifer Goodall, College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity
Shouye Zhang - Asian Americans’ Struggles for Equal Employment in 1974 New York City
Faculty Advisor: Carl Bon Tempo, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of HistoryResearch Grant Recipients Habib Affinnih - Promotion of the WCI Film and Lecture Series Faculty Advisor: Rae Muhlstock, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History Nurat Affinnih - Optical activation of GABA Release from D2-medium Spiny Neurons Faculty Advisor: Annalisa Scimemi, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences Hannah Cast - Reenvisioning the War Through Children's Eyes: Northern and Southern Children's Literature in Post Civil War America Faculty Advisor: Christopher Pastore, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History Haley Chesbro - D1-Medium Spiny Neurons in the Striatum can be Selectively Activated using ChannelRhodopsin to Determine its Effect on GABAergic Signaling Faculty Advisor: Annalisa Scimemi, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences Abigail Dopico - Relationships between Psychosis and Trauma and the Role of Resilience Faculty Advisor: James Boswell, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology Sion Hardy - Dissociation Faculty Advisor: Daniel Goodwin, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Art & Art History McKenna Jackson - The Aftermath of Immigration Enforcement Episodes: An Exploration of the Impacts on Young Adults Faculty Advisor: Joanna Dreby, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Sociology Caleb Levine - The effects of metformin on high-fat diet-induced cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation Faculty Advisor: Ewin McNay, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology Alex Pena - The Aftermath of Immigration Enforcement Episodes: An Exploration of the Impacts on Young Adults Faculty Advisor: Joanna Dreby, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Sociology Hayley Peterson - Operational Code Analysis: Assessing Leadership Behavior in International Relations Faculty Advisor: Michael Young, College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity Kate Sazon - Creating a Report Gene System to Study Regulatory Elements In Vivo Faculty Advisor: Morgan Sammons, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences Nina Sivaslian - Client Exploration Faculty Advisor: Leona Christie, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Art & Art History Stephany Solis - Albany Birth Justice Storytellers Project Faculty Advisor: Rajani Bhatia, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Women's, Gender and Sexuality Studies Anthony Testo - Activity of phosphatases in the absence and presence of clay minerals Faculty Advisor: Rixing Huang, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Environmental and Sustainable Engineering Shouyue Zhang - Radical Model Minority: Chinese Americans’ Struggles for Housing and Employment in New York City 1969 - 1974 Faculty Advisor: Christopher Pastore, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History
ABSTRACTS
Arranged by session group and alphabetically by author last name
Session 1 - Other Worlds, Identities, and Transforming Narratives in Literary Analysis
David Allen - Where Green Men, Shifty Lads, and Edward Waverley Collide: The Exoticizing of Scotland in 19th-
Century Highland Folklore
Faculty Advisor: Kir Kuiken, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
This paper will contextualize the 19th century Scottish folklore compiled in Sir George Douglas’s 1901 "Scottish
Fairy and Folk Tales" in the historical and literary moment during which the collection was published. This includes
reference to and distinction from Walter Scott’s historical novels, such as their differences between oral and written
form, including their disparate narrative techniques and evolutions, origins and perspectives, views of nationhood,
and the otherworldly imagery and ethics depicted in the tales. My paper will then refer to Douglas’s edition as a
model for the division between English and Scottish literature and culture, creating potential for Scottish social
otherness through the tales’ representation of distorted, foreign bodies and the contrary codes of ethics between
civilized and otherworld settings. I will exhibit how the addition of the stories to the Anglo-American literary canon
conflates the images of the Scotsman villager with those of the Highland otherworld through analysis of the
characters’ shifts to an unrestricted system of ethics upon facing invasive and violent mythical creatures. As the
civilized and wild landscapes merge, they affirm a colonial paradigm similar to that of England and Ireland,
restating the stereotypes and incongruences that mark contemporary UK politics.
Skylar Blankenship - Little Women, a Sentimental Lens, to Read the Christian Feminist Novel of the 21th Century
Faculty Advisor: Wendy Roberts, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Louisa May Alcott was a female author at the forefront of the feminist and reformist movements of the 18th century.
Little Women, a sentimental novel, was one of the methods Alcott utilized to communicate the changes she believed
were necessary and would better society. The ideals of equality between the sexes as well as independence for
women were portrayed by Alcott through the actions and relationships of the March women. Taking into
consideration the realistic approach Alcott takes, we will examine the fulfillment of one specific societal role of
women, mother, in order to prove Little Women bridges the gap between feminism and Christianity in the
sentimental as well as reformist genres. The argument will be furthered by connecting the sentimentalist genre’s
importance to the 19th century as connected to the just demands of women lingering within the Christian-Feminists
novels of modern day. This part of argument will be proven by using the observations and conclusions made
regarding the societal role of mother in Little Women as a lens to look at the same role in the modern novel, The
Red Tent by Anita Diamant.
Christopher Bressette - Theatres of the Mind: Dungeons & Dragons as the Contemporary Form of Fantasy
Literature
Faculty Advisor: Mary Valentis, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Dungeons & Dragons has functioned as the most popular form of tabletop roleplaying since its inception in 1974,
yet the literary merits created by its unique blend of collective storytelling and social contract negotiation has gone
unappreciated by traditional scholarship. While evaluations of the game’s roleplay formula and growing popularity
have certainly landed it mainstream attention, a serious consideration of D&D’s narrativity as a form of ‘literature’
has yet to be undertaken. This paper argues that Dungeons & Dragons’ system of engagement not only facilitates an
infinitely more complex form of storytelling comparative to traditional fantasy media, but that the communal
literature created therein continually subverts the tropes and demographics of the genre to make the game more
emblematic of contemporary culture. Split over four chapters, the paper divides its examination of Dungeons &
Dragons’ fiction making process between three substantive analytical sections and a final creative portion that puts
these theories into practical application through the documentation of an actual campaign. Each of the threeanalytical chapters focus on a different sphere of the roleplaying process and how the game builds off the foundations of its literary predecessors while also internally innovating itself across its various editions. The paper also features a swathe of visual evidence taken from the game’s core rule books to demonstrate the evolving ideological identity that occurs between editions, with special attention given to issues of diversity and representation. Henry Burkert - From The Interzone to The Internet: Naked Lunch in the 21st Century Faculty Advisor: Paul Stasi, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English Burroughs’s seminal work, Naked Lunch, explores three major themes that are still relevant today; control, subjective space/time, and dehumanization. These themes are examined in both the real world, and the alternate reality of Interzone. More than just a work of fiction, Naked Lunch is a warning about how centers of power exert control, and a guide instructing readers on how to subvert these powers. Sixty years after its publication, the question must be asked, are these tools for subversion being put to good use, or have they been adopted by the centers of power Burroughs so adamantly tried to dismantle? To answer this it is necessary to examine the novel’s major themes and their relation to one another. I do this through a comparison of the fictional Interzone and the Internet, specifically social media, will be explored. The similarities between the two offer a lens with which we can discern in what ways Burroughs anxieties have manifested themselves in the 21st century, and how they’ve changed. It seems as though the “machine” has absorbed most of Burroughs’ tactics, yet there may be some subversion that is still present in our continually globalized world. The final part of my thesis delves into how contemporary society can subvert control through Burroughsian logic, as well as the inherent flaw of this logic. By drawing on the literary movement of New Sincerity, I believe it is possible to move beyond Burroughs’s pessimistic worldview and gain a level of autonomy in our increasingly interconnected world. Kiana Flores - Literary Apothecaries in American Culture Faculty Advisor: Aashish Kaul, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English Poetry is used to communicate experiences, ideas and emotions. Ecopoetry, a developing sub-genre, combines the natural and the social environment to offer an important ecological message. Poets like Alexis Pauline Gumbs, Patricia Smith and Audre Lorde use ecopoetry to address wounds that fester in their respective community. These poets are all American women of color who were born in the twentieth century. By focusing on women of color within this time period, I aim to draw attention to the issues and critiques of discrimination found in their environments that might not be easily known from the predominant narratives in society. Stephanie Medrano - "A false character that follows the name around": Redefining Metanarratives and Unveiling Hidden Narrative Identity Formation in Don DeLillo's White Noise and Mao II Faculty Advisor: Kir Kuiken, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English Don DeLillo has become an author who toys with the conventions of postmodernism in an attempt to define the genre. One of these conventions, under the lens of Jean-Francios Lyotard, involves the “incredulity toward metanarratives”—narratives which embody universal truths—that he claims to end the modern era and lead us into postmodernity. DeLillo, however, refutes this claim by redefining the metanarrative and insisting this form of narrative to have conceptual and subjective universal truths. In other words, metanarratives hold as much truth or validity as we believe or allow them to, and because of this they’re able to exist within the postmodern genre. By way of estrangement, DeLillo uses his two novels, White Noise (1998) and Mao II (1991) to exemplify this redefinition and execution of the metanarrative and initiates self-identification by way of false narrativity within the postmodern genre to add to the discourse on narrative functions in postmodernity. Chloe Ross - The Transformation of Grendel’s Mother through Translations and Adaptations of Beowulf Faculty Advisor: Helene Scheck, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English It may seem that giving a narrative to a woman that had no voice is inherently a feminist endeavor, but that is only if her lack of narrative and her dehumanization is an act of misogyny. Not only was Grendel’s mother given a voice, but also changed from an overwhelmingly monstrous character to a human. In my thesis, I examine the character
Grendel’s mother throughout translations and adaptations of Beowulf and track how the change in her features aligns with her representation and lack of representation by critics. While often unchallenged and perpetuated by critics, the idea of Grendel’s mother as a monster neglects to recognize her humanity and maternal instincts and I intend to examine where and why these instincts disappeared and were rediscovered. Beyond this, I want to look at the endeavors to recreate Grendel’s mother as representations of the cultural climate they were created in. I will first look at translations as adaptations of Beowulf, then move on to the novels Grendel, Grendel’s Mother, and The Mere Wife. The ambiguity and shifts in the character will beg the question: who exactly gets to create Grendel’s mother? Arielle Westcott - Girls in Wonderland: the Male Gaze, Anorexia, and Bad Women in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland & Spirited Away Faculty Advisor: Laura Tetreault, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English This project aims to examine gender as perpetuated in the “Wonderland” trope, paying specific attention to Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Hayao Miyazaki’s Spirited Away. At the surface level, these works seem like they don’t have much in common—they come from different cultures, different time periods, and different social contexts. However, to say that these stories are too dissimilar to compare is simply incorrect as both deal with the transitional periods of young girls who are approaching adolescence. Because both stories contain an alternate world in which the main little girl character wanders into and journeys through, they can both be considered under a shared “Wonderland” genre. In this genre, I have noticed three main characteristics that are also present in other stories that contain a “Wonderland”: these stories are written by men about young girls, they contain moments in which food has some magical property or incites transformation, and a woman character is often depicted as the antagonist. I will be examining these components largely through the lens of Girls’ Studies, drawing from scholars such as Catherine Driscoll, whose analyses extend beyond a Western scope, and Elline Lipkin, who provides insight on the socialization of girls in regard to body image and development. In applying this lens to my primary texts, I intend to examine the implications of having an alternate world facilitate the growth of these young girls and how their gender might affect this development.
Session 2 – CANCELED
Session 3 - Mitigating Climate Change, Sustainability, and Conservation:
Interdisciplinary Approaches
Ephrim Bazile and Dylan Samuel Gambitsky - Tree Planting the key to reversal
Faculty Advisor: Chang Sup Park, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Communication
Global warming signifies the rise in the average earth temperature of earth's climate system over a prolonged period.
Humans are the primary causal factor for rising earth temperatures due to costly habitual routines involving the food
we eat, building projects, and destruction of resources. At the same time, advocacy groups work to reduce our
dependency on harmful resources by arguing for expanding clean energy use across cities, states and nations. Private
industry has fought against the federal government in court to prevent legal limits of carbon pollution from vehicle
emissions and power plants. Some organizations like the NRDC help implement practical clean solutions and fight
oil and gas projects that would cause a spike in pollution. Mathematical models demonstrate that major tree planting
efforts could potentially reverse pollutioon effects by a significant margin. Trees impact the environment by
providing oxygen, improving air quality, ameliorate climate change (cooling temperatures), conserving water,
preserving soil and supporting wildlife ecosystems. During the process of photosynthesis, trees take in carbon
dioxide and produce the oxygen we breathe, leaves absorb and filter the sun's radiant energy, and trees affect wind
speed (and direction) and shield us from rain, sleet, and hail. Trees also lower the air temperature and heat intensity
of the greenhouse effect by keeping the Co2 levels low. Trees thus moderate the effects of sun, rain, and wind.
Large scale tree planting (reforestation) could reverse some of these “irreversible” trends in global warming, as one
of the most effective of a suite of actions that should be undertaken to combat climate change.
Kianni Brown, Henry Burkert, and Tom Castro - The Top 50 U.S. Companies Efforts Toward Reducing Climate
Change
Faculty Advisor: Chang Sup Park, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Communication
Since the introduction of climate change as a major environmental issue, people were encouraged by politicians,
celebrities, and major companies to make small changes in their everyday lives. For example, replacing batteries,
turning off the lights when not being used, and carpooling, when combined, would make a huge impact on global
climate change. However, as temperatures continue to rise worldwide it has become clear that the climate crisis is
out of the control of the average person. Recent studies suggest that a handful of corporations and conglomerates are
responsible for over 70% of the world's pollution. These companies use misinformation and propaganda to protect
their interests while they continue their rampant pollution. Furthermore, politicians beholden to major companies
through political donations work against climate change legislation getting passed. Despite these issues some
corporations are doing their part by proactively investing in anti-pollution measures, such as Alphabet Inc., Tesla,
and celebrities like Mr. Beast have done their fair share to reduce CO2 emissions, incorporate recycling, and
renewable energy. This comparison of the policies and actions of polluting and non-polluting companies reveals
how far we have come, and how much more we need to accomplish to battle global climate change. This paper
compares the top 50 companies in the United States in terms of relative successes or failures in reducing pollution
and further considers the costs to corporations of going "green." I consider future policies that might systemize
corporate sector efforts to reduce global climate change.
Arturo Lua Castillo - The Real Potential of Renewable Energy in Mexico
Faculty Advisor: Christine Vassalo-Oby, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Latin American, Caribbean,
and U.S. Latino Studies
This project is meant to function as a foundation for future pathways towards renewable energy production and
economic development in Mexico. An analysis is made of Mexico’s current energy policy and economic
configuration. Current energy proposals are then compared to the country’s climate and development proposals with
respect to current climate and emissions trends. Upon reviewing the current administration’s approach to energy
reform this work then takes accounting of the country’s geography and potential for implementing renewableenergy. Through a brief review of the geographical advantages in solar, geothermal, and wind resources this research attempts to prove that renewable resources are not only viable but essential if the country is to meet policy promises. With resources and options accounted for, the following step is understanding how the implementation of renewable energy programs can be used as a means of equitable social and economic development. Different pathways of import centered, indigenous growth, and a composite approach are weighed against each other. The comparison draws upon economic factors like employment, the creation of skilled labor, and future economic returns. Using the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals ( SDGS) as a framework, the current needs of Mexican society are considered. Special attention is given to the impacts of sustainable energy infrastructure in marginalized, impoverished and isolated communities. This research also draws upon examples from similar, although smaller scale, programs in other countries. This research concludes with a policy recommendation for the Mexican government. Samantha Davey, Sarah Clark, and Daniel Cole - The Paris Agreement: How the U.S. Withdrawing Can Cost Us The Planet Faculty Advisor: Chang Sup Park, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Communication The Paris Agreement is an agreement written by the United Nations that strives to globally improve global warming and fight climate change. It was signed in 2016 and today has 194 signatures, plus the European Union. It was one of the first initiatives to bring together all developing countries in working toward the common cause to take action to prevent climate change and begin adapting to its effects. In June of 2017, President Donald Trump withdrew the United States from the Paris Agreement, making them the only country to ever do so. With the U.S. being one of the biggest sources of greenhouse gas emissions, they have affected the rest of the world by withdrawing. ActNow, the United Nations climate change campaign, works to teach and encourage people on adapting to different consumer tactics within all aspects of life, in order to preserve our climate. Their campaign this year focuses on the impact food and fashion has on climate change and how they contribute nearly 10 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. Andrew Light, a former climate official in the State Department who helped develop the Paris Agreement, says, “These agreements are just only as good as the commitments from each country.” If we plan on fighting climate change globally, it is imperative that each country sticks to the specific guidelines they set in the agreement. With the United States being one of the biggest influences on the planet, withdrawing from the Paris Agreement was a mistake that will cost us our planet. Michaela Flynn - Carbon Offsets Faculty Advisor: Mary Ellen Mallia, Office of Sustainability Carbon offsets are the action of compensating for the emission of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. In 2017, the UAlbany community produced 58,015 metric tons of CO2, which to put into perspective, is enough to fill nearly 30 Empire State buildings. Part of these emissions account for the 24 million miles a year that faculty, staff, and students travel. An idea that has become increasingly popular among other universities around the country is to offset the emissions associated with travel. Schools such as Duke, Colgate, and MIT have been extremely successful in their endeavors, either by generating their own offset projects or purchasing them from organizations that will embark on carbon reduction projects. These can be local or international in nature and take a variety of forms from developing renewable energy, waste and water management, reforestation, and energy efficiency projects. This poster will outline the various forms of university travel and the carbon emissions associated with them, illustrate the costs of purchasing offsets to abate these emissions and provide examples of carbon offset projects that could be done in NYS. Benjamin Furgang and Zachary Gibbs - Block Island Wind Farm Faculty Advisor: Chang Sup Park, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Communication Block Island is a small island (about ten square miles with a population of 1,051) located nine miles south of Rhode Island. The entire island has been powered with a wind farm since December 2016, five turbines constructed on stilts in the water roughly four miles from the island. Wind farms located offshore are able to produce more energy than those on land, as winds are stronger over the ocean. The Block Island Wind Farm, constructed by Deepwater
Wind at a cost of $290 million, is the first offshore wind farm in the United States. It's modeled after the Sheringham Shoal offshore wind farm that helps power various locations in the United Kingdom. It’s also the largest project in Rhode Island to use wind power. Not only has the wind farm helped fight climate change by using only clean energy, it has also created jobs for many people living in Rhode Island. Every building on the island is powered by the wind farm, which drastically reduces the emission of greenhouse gases (roughly 40,000 tons) while producing the same amount of energy. In the future, more wind farms similar to this are planned, including one long term project that would partially help to power Long Island. The Block Island Wind Farm has proven to be a reliable source of energy that provides the same amount of energy as fossil fuels while nearly eliminating its carbon footprint. This technology is a great solution for powering islands, since the movement of renewable energy is very difficult to remote areas, so newer methods of generating energy within close proximity to the island allow for a more autonomous, cleaner source of power. Jacob Jock, Matthew Lee, and Joseph Kiernan - The Future of Vehicles in the Market Faculty Advisor: Chang Sup Park, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Communication Electric vehicles are one of the leading examples of the push to reduce humanity’s impact on climate change. Although they have existed since the late 1800s, only recently has the electric car become viable in the industry. This presentation will focus on the impact that electric cars will have on the environment in the future, both good and bad, and also who in the game is innovating the fastest. The last decade was more or less a renaissance for the electric car, with technology finally allowing them to be as viable as an internal combustion engine (ICE) powered car in terms of range and reliability. Range increases and faster charging for EVs have been debuting every year, and at least in the United States government subsidies have pushed prices of models from Tesla into the $30,000 range that the median new car buyer buys from. Carbon footprint generated by vehicles will drop drastically once the percentage of electric cars on the road rises, and also as less gasoline is needed to power traditional ICE models. Additionally, many European countries are moving to ban the sale of non-electric cars in the future. In only five years, all new cars in Norway must be emission free, for example. That same regulation will apply in France and the UK in 2040, and numerous other countries by that time. Soon enough, most of the cars you see will be fully electric, and for most that cleaner future is something to look forward too. Shu Jun Lin-Chin - Population density estimation of white-tailed deer in the Albany Pine Bush Preserve using capture-recapture methods and non-invasive genetic sampling Faculty Advisor: Arati Lyengar, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences Population density estimation using capture-recapture methods and non-invasive genetic sampling using fecal samples is a popular technique in wildlife biology. This study aimed to optimize methodology for estimation of population density of white tailed deer in Albany Pine Bush Preserve. Precise estimates of white-tailed deer numbers are needed since overabundant deer pose a threat to the viability of many native plant species and as the primary hosts for adult black-legged ticks, they are responsible for the spread of Lyme disease. We sampled fecal pellets from five predefined transects on two occasions 24-48 hours apart, extracted DNA, and amplified six microsatellite markers and a sex determining marker in a total of 40 samples from three transects (1, 2 and 4). Samples from two other transects were discarded due to poor amplification success. Multi-locus genotypes from 34 unique and six recaptured individuals were obtained and pairwise relatedness estimated using related in R. Based on the Queller & Goodnight estimates, individuals were classified as Full Sibs (FS) or Parent Offspring (PO), Half Sibs (HS), and Unrelated (U). Results showed a higher proportion of related individuals (68 % FS/PO or HS) between transects 1 and 4 both to the east of the I-90 than between either and transect 2 situated to the west of I-90 (45 % between 1 and 2 and 36 % between 2 and 4). Further sampling needs to be carried out before a reliable density estimate can be obtained but this study has successfully developed and optimized the methodology needed. Kyle Lininger - Identifying local and sustainable food Faculty Advisor: Mary Ellen Mallia, Office of Sustainability We all consume food regularly whether or not we like to think about where our food originates. However, when finding our carbon footprint, the source of our food is vital to define and consider. The further food travels and the manner in which is it produced all factor into its carbon footprint. This means that when we are considering a local market for food, we need to have a definition of what is considered local. This university uses a tool called STARS,
which stands for the Sustainability Tracking, Assessment & Rating System, to determine the local and sustainable food expenditures on campus. This poster will provide an overview of the determinants of local and sustainable foods and an analysis of the amount of local and sustainability produced food available in the dining halls and other food outlets. Saba Mann, Ryan Lotz, and Matt Mosher - Nuclear Fusion as a Means to Fight Climate Change Faculty Advisor: Chang Sup Park, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Communication Maisy Noble-Buono - UAlbany Embodying UN Global Goals Faculty Advisor: Mary Ellen Mallia, Office of Sustainability In 2015, the United Nations world leaders agreed to seventeen global goals known as the Sustainable Development Goals. These goals are a call for action by all countries to create a better world by ending poverty, fighting inequality and addressing the urgency of climate change. UAlbany has a variety of clubs, organizations, departments, events, and initiatives that align with these goals such as our research in ecology and climate change, solar panels on campus buildings, and the Purple Pantry. My research entails cataloging the ways our university embodies the UN Global Goals by defining the goals and illustrating how UAlbany is fulfilling each one. Anthony Testo - The Effects of Surface Adsorption on Laccase Activity Studied by Microcalorimetry Faculty Advisor: Rixiang Huang, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering Biochar produced from fires accumulate in soils and make up a significant percentage of the soil organic matter. These charcoals can act as substrates for microbes (to be degraded by the enzyme) or a solid surface that adsorbs to enzymes (affecting enzyme activity). Laccase is an oxidative extracellular enzyme used by microbes to degrade biomass components including cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. It oxidizes phenols and phenolic substructures of lignin by single electron abstraction in the presence of molecular oxygen as a co-substrate. This study will be investigating the interactions between laccase and various charcoals and the effect charcoal adsorption has on enzyme activity. In order to replicate environmental conditions, we tested the laccase activity at accepted pH values for soil (5.9 and 7.4). The charcoals were produced from pine wood and wood sawdust at temperatures of 300, 450 and 600°C. The various produced biomass may provide different adsorption capacities for laccase which could also affect enzyme activity. Microcalorimetry was used to collect heat flow data using catechol as the substrate for the enzyme reaction. Charcoal can adsorb to catechol and be reacted with laccase to observe its effects on the enzyme’s activity. By comparing plots of heat flow vs. time for the charcoal and laccase reactions, we found that the enzyme activity was lowered significantly at a pH of 5.9 and a very minor decrease to activity at pH 7.4. UV spectrometry was also used to determine how successful each biomass sample was at adsorbing to the catechol. By calculating adsorption percentages, we determined that the adsorption capacities varied based on the type of charcoal used and the temperature at which it was formed. Alexis Varamogiannis, Shelah Shivers, Heather Sillins, and Onacis Vicente - Air Pollution on Climate Change Faculty Advisor: Chang Sup Park, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Communication The focus of our presentation will be research on how decreasing fuel emission and certain toxins, will increase the level of air quality we have. Rizo Velovic and Daniel Fortunato - Deforestation Faculty Advisor: Chang Sup Park, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Communication Climate Change has been an issue in our world because it has caused serious damage to our planet. Examples are the deforestation in California, rise in sea level, global warming, and the extinction of certain species. There are numerous effects of climate change, and as a planet, we need to come together to mitigate this. Deforestation has been a major issue across the world, as cases in California and the Amazon illustrate. Deforestation is defined as the permanent removal of trees to make room for something other than a forest. The objective for our research is to
determine the reasons behind current deforestation in California, the Amazon region, and the problem worldwide. Deforestation has been a problem in the Amazon since the 1970s, largely due to cattle ranching. As development advances throughout the world, increasingly, forests are removed to clear space for apartments and many other types of buildings. This practice poses a major threat to our environment and for climate change. Our project considers possible fixes for this problem, and how society in general can contribute to conserving our environment. Greater awareness and advocacy is needed for society to collectively address deforestation.
Session 4 – Advances in Biomedicine, Molecular Biology, and Physics Nurat Affinnih, Haley Chesbro, and Maurice Petroccione - Modulation of Striatal GABAergic Inhibition by Neuronal Glutamate Transporters Faculty Advisor: Annalisa Scimemi, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences Clinical studies show the existence of genetic association between loss of function mutations in the SLC1A1 gene, which encodes the neuronal glutamate transporter EAAC1, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). EAAC1 is most abundantly expressed in the striatum, the main input nucleus of the basal ganglia. Our previous work showed that, in the dorsolateral striatum (DLS), EAAC1 limits activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (Bellini et al, 2018). By doing so, EAAC1 promotes the membrane expression of D1 dopamine receptors in D1 receptor expressing medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs). In addition to receiving glutamatergic inputs, MSNs receive dopaminergic and GABAergic inputs. Since EAAC1 is expressed at pre-synaptic inhibitory terminals, we asked how it shapes GABAergic inhibition onto D1- and D2-MSNs. These two cell populations differ not only for the type of dopamine receptor they express, but also for their synaptic connectivity and contribution to movement execution. D1-MSNs project to the substantia nigra and trigger movement initiation. D2-MSNs project to the globus pallidus and act as switches to select between the execution of different motor tasks. MSNs receive GABAergic inputs from other MSNs and a variety of local interneurons. Here we ask how EAAC1 shapes GABAergic inhibition among MSNs. We combined electrophysiology and optogenetic approaches to target the expression of the light-gated ion channel Channelrhodopsin 2 to either D1- or D2-MSNs. Our data show that EAAC1 limits GABAergic inhibition onto D1-MSNs, not D2-MSNs. These findings suggest that one of the mechanisms by which EAAC1 might contribute to motor hyperactivity in OCD is by altering the coordinated activation of D1- and D2-MSNs. Asmar Aliyeva, Victoria Gellatly, Mehraj Abbasov, and Arati Iyengar - Developing a STR allele freqency database for Azerbaijani population using Globalfiler Kit Faculty Advisor: Arati Lyengar, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences The purpose of our study was to develop a Short Tandem Repeat (STR) allele frequency database to current forensic standards for Azerbaijan using the GlobalfilerTM kit. Buccal swabs were collected from 611 healthy, unrelated individuals from Baku, Azerbaijan. DNA was extracted using a salting out method and quantified using QuantifilerTM Trio and selected samples amplified using the GlobalfilerTM kit which amplifies 21 autosomal STR loci and three gender determination loci. Results from 501 individuals were used to estimate allele frequencies and forensic parameters for the autosomal STR loci. All loci were found to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) after Bonferroni correction (p > 0.0024) and no significant deviation from LD between pairs of loci after Bonferroni correction was observed (p > 0.00024). Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values for all STR loci were high (PIC ≥ 0.59) with an average of 0.79. The SE33 locus was the most polymorphic (0.95) and the TPOX locus was the least polymorphic (0.59) for the studied population. The matching probability (PM) ranged from 0.006 for SE33 to 0.173 for TPOX and the Power of Exclusion (PE) ranged from 0.33 for TPOX to 0.88 for SE33. The combined Power of Exclusion (CPE) and the combined Power of Discrimination (CPD) for all 21 loci were calculated as 0.999999999074 and 1 respectively. This database is the first allele frequency database to be developed for Azerbaijan using GlobalfilerTM and will prove highly useful in establishing weight of DNA evidence in Azerbaijan. Thomas Banco - Quantification of Individual Base-Stacking Interactions in DNA using Single-Molecule Force Clamp and Calorimetry experiments Faculty Advisor: Ken Halvorsen, RNA Institute DNA base stacking plays a key role in the stability of nucleic acid structures. In this project, we designed DNA probes to quantify DNA base-stacking energy using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and single-molecule force clamp experiments with the Centrifuge Force Microscope (CFM). The DNA probes we designed to allow us to change the base-stacking in the duplex while maintaining the same number of base pairs. Our ITC experiments confirmed that DNA constructs with base-stacking interactions have a relatively large Gibbs free energy change compared to DNA constructs without base-stacking interactions. The difference in the Gibbs free energy can be largely attributed to the energy contribution from the base-stacking interaction. Further, we tested the dissociation
kinetics of these probes using a single-molecule force clamping method using a custom-built CFM. Our results showed faster strand dissociation kinetics for the probes in which a single interfacial base-stack in the DNA probe set was removed. The difference in the off-rates can be used to calculate the difference in activation energy, which is the resultant of energy contribution from base-stacking interaction. This information will contribute to increased understanding of the influence of DNA base stacking interactions on the overall stability of the nucleic acid structures. Kamana Devkota - Specific tRNA Modification Enzymes are Required During the Stress Response to Chloramphenicol Faculty Advisor: Thomas Begley, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences Translation is a key step in protein synthesis in which the codons in mRNA are decoded by the corresponding anticodon in tRNA to make proteins. Prior to translation, tRNAs are modified by epitranscriptomic writers in order to ensure proper decoding. My project is evaluating the importance of modifications on the wobble U and wobble G of some tRNAs. E.coli mutants were used to test the role of tRNA modifications in protein synthesis during stress response. Mutants specific to the tRNA modification enzymes: CmoM, MnmC, MnmE, CmoB, CmoA, QueA, Tgt, SelU, Thil and TtcA were tested. It was hypothesized that the absence of specific tRNA modifications will perturb protein synthesis during stress responses. To test this hypothesis, different E. coli gene deletion strains lacking specific tRNA modification enzymes were exposed to the antibiotic chloramphenicol (CAM). Relative to the wild type, only CmoA, CmoB, Tgt, and MnmE mutants were sensitive to CAM. These preliminary findings support the idea that wobble U and wobble G modifications on tRNA play important roles in response to stress. Our next steps are to test other strains of mutants, test them in different concentrations of CAM and attempt to rescue these mutants back by adding back the deleted genes. Andrew Eldeiry - A Real World, Long-term Evaluation of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) Inhibitor Therapy Faculty Advisor: Michael Kane, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences This is a retrospective analysis designed to assess the real-world, long-term effectiveness and safety of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in patients treated for hyperlipidemia. The risk of cardiovascular events is heightened with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Myalgias are a limiting factor with statins, the recommended first line agents to reduce LDL-C levels. PCSK9 inhibitor therapy is directly applicable for patients for which statins are insufficient in lowering LDL-cholesterol or have experienced statin-related adverse effects. To date, there is a paucity of information regarding the long-term “real-world” use of these agents. Subjects for this IRB-approved study were identified via a search of an electronic medical record system at a pharmacist-run PCSK9 inhibitor clinic. PCSK9 inhibitor effectiveness after at least two years of lipid management was assessed by changes in lipid levels while safety was assessed by reported adverse effects. The study population (n=45) consisted primarily of older (mean 65 years), Caucasian (98%) males (60%) with ASCVD (71%). Significant reductions in TC, LDL- C, non-HDL-C, and TG levels were seen at the 2-year, 30-month, and 4- year time points. Mean reductions in LDL-C averaged 62% at 2 years, 52% at 30 months, and 49% at 4 years. Corresponding mean decreases in TG levels were 16%, 21%, and 29. Two diagnoses of ASCVD and four additional CV events occurred during follow-up. Real-world data suggest PCSK9 inhibitors are safe and demonstrate a sustained lipid-lowering effect comparable to that seen in controlled clinical trials. George Homenides - The Snowball Chamber: An Analysis of the Ideal Conditions to Supercool Water for the Development of a New Generation of Particle Detectors Faculty Advisor: Matthew Szydagis, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics Supercooled water is water-cooled below the freezing point of 0°C while remaining a liquid, without impurities, not as in freezing point depression (a different phenomenon). It has many potentially interdisciplinary applications. This is especially true since the discovery at the UAlbany Szydagis lab in the Department of Physics that particles, specifically neutrons, can trigger its phase transition from liquid to solid. In our study, the effects of water purity levels created using different filter pore sizes, and immiscible hydrophobic oils as surface sealing fluids, were examined to determine the ideal conditions for achieving minimum liquid water temperature and greatest stability. The lower the stable operating temperature, prolonging the metastable state of supercooling, the lower the amount of
energy a particle needs to deposit in order to trigger freezing. In astroparticle physics, a low energy threshold (sub- keV) is especially crucial in the search for dark matter, an unknown particle, specifically at low masses (sub- GeV/c^2). We have thus far managed to suppress random background nucleation long enough during cooling to allow for < -20°C for O(10) seconds in a test freezer, using very pure water. This presentation will explain how this was accomplished, and what the future of this work may hold. Dennis Lee, Nimra Faheem, Mohammed Shittu-oyelude, and Paul Saju - Open-source wireless lightweight UAV Faculty Advisor: Dola Saha, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Unmanned aerial vehicles, also known as UAVs, have been applied to solving real world issues especially in wireless communication systems. There are many technical difficulties that UAVs face currently such as insufficient power, size, and weight capabilities which is known as SWaP. Processing speed of large amounts of data on board is also an issue along with proper localization. Localization determines the location of a particular signal relative to an air vehicle carrier and estimates where the signal is coming from. Previous UAV research and experiments failed to solve these issues. Here a new methodology will be addressed that previous projects lacked. This video will introduce the concept of an open source wireless lightweight signal processing on UAV, abbreviated as OWL. OWL is a successor to the HiPER-V project done by the Mobile Emerging Systems and Applications (MESA) Lab. The HiPER-V project lacked a strong computation board which was needed for the processing of large amounts of data. The main goal of OWL is to implement a communication system on a UAV for wireless signal processing using edge computation. Edge computation occurs when signals are processed on the UAV itself in real time instead of post processing it after flight. A computation board will be found that is much more powerful than a microprocessor in order to perform the edge computation. OWL will also have a Real Time Kinematic (RTK)-GPS for centimeter accurate positioning and Universal Standard Radio Peripheral (USRP), which is a software defined radio, to scan for wireless signal nodes. The RTK-GPS and USRP will be used in the localization of OWL. A UAV with accommodating SWaP capabilities will be pre-built and purchased due to cost management. The overall goal of OWL is to engineer a UAV with edge computation for wireless signal processing and localization of remote Wi-Fi signals. Kimberly Martinez - Examining the Impact of Pathological Exercise Behaviors on Quality of Life in the Context of Eating Pathology Faculty Advisor: Drew Anderson, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology Maladaptive exercise behaviors frequently occur in conjunction with eating disorders (EDs) and are associated with poor illness trajectory. Although pathological exercise is beginning to be recognized as a common co-occurrence with EDs, the condition is not consistently assessed. A key issue may be the lack of understanding on the nature and impact of pathological exercise. Exercise itself is often viewed in a positive light and encouraged for maintaining optimal health. However, among those with EDs, exercise may exacerbate the negative consequences of the disorder, namely the quality of life. A question remains: among those with eating pathology, does pathological exercise worsen their quality of life, or does this construct add little contribution beyond the impacts of the disordered eating? To investigate this question, the current study examined the impact of pathological exercise on quality of life among those with eating pathology. Participants were undergraduate students from a Northeastern University (N=235); participants completed online questionnaires, including the Compulsive Exercise Test (CET), the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE-Q), and the Eating Disorder Quality of Life (EDQoL) measures. Data were analyzed to determine the relationship between the three factors. Consistent with our hypothesis, compulsive exercise was associated with a lower quality of life among those with eating pathology, highlighting the seriousness of pathological exercise in the context of eating disorders. As such, it may be beneficial to consider exercise pathology in conjunction with common screening tools to gain a fuller picture of the impact of the ED and avenues for treatment.
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