Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital

 
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Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
August 2019
 INSIGHTS

              Supply Chain Software
                 2019 First Half Market Update
                                            Dennis Rourke, Partner
                                            Ben Howe, CEO
                                            Rob Buxton, Partner
                                            Sean Tucker, Partner
Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
The Next Generation of Supply Chain Is Emerging

    Supply chain is increasingly at the nexus of
     several transformative technology and business
     trends: Autonomous Vehicles, Internet of
                                                                              Autonomous
     Things, digital twins, and automation and                                Vehicle
     robotization of warehouses and distribution                              Technologies
     centers                                                                                     eCommerce
                                                                                                 Fulfillment
    Transportation management solutions are the
     target of intense disruption and investment
     driven by modernization of the $13 trillion
     transportation industry, the rise of
     Transportation as a Service (Uber, Lyft), and the   Traditional Supply Chain Software Infrastructure
     rapid progress in autonomous vehicle
     development
    Amazon effect increasingly impacting supply
     chain models                                                          CONSOLIDATION UNDERWAY
    The M&A market for supply chain and ERP
                                                         IoT
     remains robust as PE firms continue to invest in
     consolidation platforms for older technologies,
     which in turn continue to execute aggressive
     acquisition programs
    The TMS sector continues to be the most active
     subsector in supply chain software for M&A and
     capital raising
    Public SCM / ERP companies have continued to
     perform well, benefitting from continued growth
     in target markets and strong global equity
     capital markets
                                                                                                               2
Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
Supply Chain Software Market

          According to Gartner, the worldwide SCM market will exceed $16B by the end of 2019, and is
                          expected to grow at a 11% CAGR to exceed $22B by 2022

                                                                                       Global SCM Market
 New capabilities, such as cloud computing,                                                   ($US billions)
  performance management, RFID, drone delivery,
  increased use of robots and automated handling
  in manufacturing and warehouse operations, and
  new uses of optimization are emerging, driven by
  new approaches in retail demand generation,
  customer interaction and social media                                                                                           20.7      22.4
                                                                                                                         18.4
                                                                                                   14.6         16.4
 Overall market spend growth rates have                  10.0       11.1     12.2      13.0
  consistently been in double-digits, suggesting the
  once mature market is undergoing a replacement
  cycle                                                   2014       2015     2016      2017       2018         2019     2020     2021      2022

 The growing penetration of SaaS is shifting                        Percentage of Spend by Delivery Model
  spending from capital to operating budgets and       100%
  accelerating SCM adoption in the SMB and
                                                       80%
  middle markets
                                                       60%
 By 2021, SaaS deployments are forecast to
  exceed 35%% of total spending, while on-             40%
  premise will decline to less than 20%                       $8.9
                                                       20%
 Between 2018 and 2022, nearly $8 billion in total
  software revenue will be added                        0%
                                                          2015         2016           2017         2018           2019          2020       2021

                                                                            License      Maintenance/Support             SaaS

                                                                                                                                   Source: Gartner   3
Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
Robust M&A Activity

                                                                                               SCM M&A Activity & Deal Value ($US, in millions)

                                First Half 2019                                   150
                                                                                                                                                                    $26,204
                                                                                                                                      $22,289
 The pace of M&A has quickened in 2019, with 107 closed transactions in the 100                      $18,288
  first six months, versus 109 deals for all of 2018
                                                                                    50
 No blockbuster deals in first half, but solid number of M&A deals between                                                                                                         $7,754
                                                                                                                      $4,085                        $3,676
  $200M - $1B, as well as three $1B deals                                                       44              74             74              73            109          107
                                                                                     0         2014            2015          2016           2017             2018       H1 2019
 Private Equity (PE) firms continued to be highly active in M&A deals in the first                                       # of Deals                  Total Value of Deals
  half, whether acquiring platform companies, continued execution of M&A, or
  selling from PE to PE                                                                                      Median M&A Multiple & Deal Value
                                                                                    8
 Non-technology players continue to make technology / software acquisitions in
                                                                                                      $158
  both retail (McDonalds / Dynamic Yield) and manufacturing (Bridgestone /          6
  TomTom)
                                                                                    4
                                                                                                                    $60
 Transportation-related software continues to dominate, representing 35% of all 2                                                    $54
                                                                                                                                                      $37        $28          $32

  SCM M&A deals                                                                                3.5x            3.2x            3.5x            3.5x            7.1x           3.0x
                                                                                    0          2014            2015            2016            2017           2018        H1 2019
                                      2018                                                                           Median EV/LTM Rev.                       Median Deal Value

 2018 M&A activity was strong with more than 100 transactions                      8
                                                                                                                      SCM Billion $ Deal Activity

                                                                                                                                                    $22,280
                                                                                                                     $20,861
 The Freight Management Systems (FMS) sub-sector of the TMS market has             6
  emerged as one of the most active sub-sectors in supply chain software for         $16,188

  M&A and capital raising                                                           4

 Notable deals in TMS in 2018 include Summit’s acquisition of MercuryGate          2
  and E2open’s acquisition of Cloud Logistics                                                   4
                                                                                                      $1,046
                                                                                                                1               5
                                                                                                                                      $1,000
                                                                                                                                                1                6 $3,000 3
                                                                                    0          2014            2015            2016            2017            2018       H1 2019

                                                                                                                    # of Billion $ Deals                    Total Value of Billion $ Deals

                                         Source: 451 Research, CapIQ
                                                                                                                                                                                       4
Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
H1 2019 Major M&A / Recap Transactions

      ($US in millions)
                                                                                                 Enterprise     LTM     EV / LTM
      Date Announced      Target   Acquirer                     Target Description                 Value      Revenue   Revenue
                                                   Provides online freight, cargo insurance,
                                                   fleet management, dispatching, and load
 1.         Apr-19                                                                                $1,000        ND        ND
                                                   tracking software matching services to
                                                   trucking, rail, and other transportation

                                                   Develops plant maintenance operations
 2.        May-19                                                                                  1,000        ND        ND
                                                   and optimization software

                                                   Telematics / data platform for connected
 3.        Jan-19                                                                                  1,000        158       6.3x
                                                   vehicles

                                                   Provides e-logistics, transport
                                                   management, and logistics management
 4.        Jan-19                                                                                   800         ND        ND
                                                   SaaS for retail transportation and shipping
                                                   industries

                                                   Provides logistics and related payment
 5.         Apr-19                                                                                  700         ND        ND
                                                   management SaaS for the shipping sector

                                                   Distributes Microsoft and SAP ERP
 6.         Apr-19                                 software and provides proprietary ERP            550         ND        ND
                                                   software
                                                   Provides marketing and commerce
                                                   software for campaign automation,
 7.         Apr-19                                                                                  500         275       1.8x
                                                   customer analytics, AI-based content
                                                   management, search engine optimization,

                                                   Provides cloud-based global trade
 8.        May-19                                                                                   424         86        4.9x
                                                   management (GTM) solutions

                                                   Provides machine learning-based
 9.        Mar-19                                                                                   325         30       10.8x
                                                   enterprise customer personalization SaaS

                                                   Develops cloud-based software solutions to
10.         Apr-19                                 enterprise companies in automotive, hotel,       320         ND        ND
                                                   cruise, and retail industries

                                                   MEDIAN                                          $625        $122       5.6x
                                                   TOTAL TOP 10                                   $6,619
                                              Source: 451 Research, CapIQ
                                                                                                                                   5
Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
Most Active Acquirers (2016 – H1 2019)

 Buyer         Number of Transactions                                                            Transactions
                                                            Xware; Container Chain; CargoIT; IFS Global Holdings; LSI Sigma Software; Trinium
                                                            Technologies; Taric; Pierbridge; Fenix Data Systems; SaaS Transportation; PB &
                                                      26    Associates; EasyLog; Softcargo; LSP Solutions; Intris; CustomsMatters; ABM Data
                                                            Systems; Microlistics; Cargoguide International; CargoSphere; CMS Transport; Prolink
                                                            Solutions; Bysoft Solucoes; ACO Informatica; znet group; Softship

                                                            STEPcom; Core Transport Technologies; Visual Compliance; PinPoint GPS Solutions;
                                                      12    Accucode; Aljex Software; MacroPoint; PCSTrac; Z-Firm; Datamyne; Appterra; Pixi
                                                            Software

                                                            Averetek; Amber Road; INTRA; Cloud Logistics; Birch Worldwide; Entomo; Zyme
                                                      10    Solutions; Steelwedge Software; Orchestro; Terra Technology

                                                            Optiware; IndustryBuilt; Apprise Software; irms 260 Enterprise Solutions; StarDyne
                                                        5   Technologies

                                                        5   Exari; Hiperios; Aquiire; Riskopy; Spend360

                                                        4   Pink Web Applications; Optiway; Bluegarden; LogBuy

                                                        3   InProcess Technology; Mtelligence; Fidelis Group

                                        Source: 451 Research, CapIQ
                                                                                                                                                   6
Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
Capital Raising Shifted into High Gear in 2019

                                                              Highlights

         Total fund raising of more than $5.2B through the first half of 2019 vs. $4.4B for all of 2018

         While the median transaction size in H1 2019 was $12M, we are seeing more transactions
          in the $50M to $150M range

         As is the case in M&A, the transportation software sector is generating a lot of interest
          among investors ($1B for Flexport, $300M for LF Logistics, $149M for KeepTruckin)

         Top 10 largest deals in the first half raised $4.4B

                                                     Private Placements

                    Total Capital Raised                                                     Total Number of Transactions
                     ($US, in millions)

                                                    $5,299                                                           116
                                           $4,472

                                                                                                                              70

                                                                                                             43
                               $1,170                                                        22     22
             $501      $486                                                           14
   $236

   2014      2015      2016     2017       2018     H1 2019                          2014   2015   2016     2017    2018    H1 2019

                                                       Source: 451 Research, CapIQ                                                    7
Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
H1 2019 Major Financing Transactions

        Company              Location                            Top Investor(s)                              Sector           Total Funding ($M)

 1.               New York, NY                  Golden Gate Capital, Koch Equity Development     ERP                                $1,500

                                                Founders Fund, Cherubic Ventures, Susa
 2.               San Francisco, CA             Ventures, DST Global, SoftBank, Investment       Freight Forwarding Platform         1,000
                                                Advisers, S.F. Express

 3.               Delhi, India                  The Carlyle Group, SoftBank, Fosun Group         3PL                                  413

                                                TI Capital, Oriza Holdings, IDG Capital, China
 4.               Los Angeles, CA               Railway Supply Chain Group, China Life           B2B Supply Chain                     365
                                                Insurance, CICC

 5.               Shanghai, China               Temasek Holdings                                 Freight Fowarding Platform           300

                                                Bessemer Venture Partners, T. Rowe Price
 6.               Boston, MA                    Group, Technology Crossover Ventures, Tiger      Retail PoS                           250
                                                Global Management

 7.               Helsinki, Finland             Technology Crossover Ventures                    Retail Management                    200

 8.               Bengaluru, Karnataka, India   Goldman Sachs, B Capital Group                   Trucking Logistics                   150

                                                Scale Venture Partners, Index Ventures, IVP,
 9.               San Francisco, CA                                                              Fleet Management                     149
                                                Greenoaks Capital, CV

                                                Glynn Capital Management, BlackRock, Tiger
10.               San Francisco, CA                                                              Delivery Logistics                   100
                                                Global Management

                                                                                                           MEDIAN                    $443
                                                                                                       TOTAL TOP TEN                $4,427

                                                     Source: CapIQ, Crunchbase                                                                  8
Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
Active SCM Private Equity Firms

                                               Amount Invested                                           Amount Invested                                          Amount Invested
      Date               Investments               ($M)                Date                Investments       ($M)                Date               Investments       ($M)

                                                                                                                           1.   Oct-18   AFS Technologies               ND
1.   Jun-18   Acumatica                              $25         1.   Apr-19   Magaya                          ND          2.   Sep-18   Visma Retail Assets            ND
2.   May-18   Toolsgroup                             ND          2.   May-15   Core Dial                      $28          3.   Sep-18   Extenda                        ND
3.   Apr-18   Green Mountain Technology              ND          3.   Apr-15   Key2Act                         ND          4.   Jan-17   Fishbowl                       ND
4.   May-16   SciQuest                               373
5.   Oct-15   Clavis Technology                      20
6.   Feb-15   Kerridge Commercial Systems            ND
                                                                                                                           1.   Jan-18   Motus & Rumzhiemer             ND
                                                                 1.   Jul-19   Optimizers                      ND          2.   Jul-16   Elemica                       $175
                                                                 2.   Jun-19   Onventis                        ND          3.   Jul-14   Sparta Systems                 ND
1.   Apr-18   Global-e                               $20         3.   Apr-17   MUIS Software                   ND          4.   Feb-14   GHX                            ND
2.   Aug-17   ECi Software Solutions                 ND          4.   Dec-13   Chain Point                     ND
3.   Dec-14   EVRY                                 1,079
4.   Oct-14   Exact Holding                         932
                                                                                                                           1.   May-19   Ivalua                        $60
                                                                 1.   Sep-16   Nexus Systems                  $28          2.   Apr-19   Innovapptive                   16
                                                                 2.   Dec-15   3PL Central                     18          3.   Mar-19   Toast                         250
                                                                 3.   Sep-11   Steelwedge Software             16          4.   Jan-19   Postmates                     100
1.   May-18   GPS Insight                            ND
2.   Apr-16   Truckstop.com                          ND

                                                                                                                           1.   Mar-18   C3 IoT                        $106
                                                                 1.   Jan-15   Asentinel                       ND          2.   Aug-17   Transplace                   1,000
1.   Nov-16   Prometheus Group                      $300         2.   Dec-14   Predictix                       $15         3.   May-17   Llamasoft                      ND
2.   Oct-14   Vendavo                                ND          3.   Dec-14   LogicBox                        ND          4.   Aug-16   Transporeon                    337
3.   Aug-13   Paymetric                              ND          4.   Oct-14   Anexinet                        2
4.   Jun-12   Plex Systems                           ND
5.   May-12   Kewill                                 157

                                                                 1.   Apr-18   OrderMyGear                     $35         1.   Feb-19   Aptean                         ND
                                                                 2.   Nov-16   Macropoint                      44          2.   Sep-18   Dispatch                       ND
1.   Jun-18   Yoobic                                $25          3.   Jun-16   10-4 Systems                    ND          3.   Jan-16   FiveRun                        ND
2.   Mar-18   Advanced Manufacturing Control        133          4.   Aug-14   B-Stock Solutions               65          4.   Jan-16   BCC AdSystems                  ND
3.   Feb-15   E2open                                273                                                                    5.   Nov-15   MarketLive                     ND

                                                                               Source: CapIQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                                                                    9
Supply Chain Software - 2019 First Half Market Update - INSIGHTS August 2019 - Blackpeak Capital
Active SCM Venture Capital Firms

                                        Amount Invested                                           Amount Invested                                           Amount Invested
      Date                Investments       ($M)                Date                Investments       ($M)                Date                Investments       ($M)

1.   May-19   Blackbuck                      $150         1.   Apr-19   Suuchi                          $8          1.   Feb-19   Vantage Point Logistics        $10
2.   Jun-16   Narvar                          23          2.   Jun-14   LogFire                          8          2.   Jan-19   Orchestra Software              14
3.   Sep-15   LightSpeed POS                  61          3.   Mar-11   Ontuitive                       6           3.   Jan-18   Blue Day                         6
4.   Jun-14   Plex Systems                    50          4.   Mar-10   Telarix                         20
5.   Mar-14   Vinculum Solutions              ND

                                                          1.   Dec-18   Wise Systems                    $7          1.   Oct-18   project44                      $45
1.   Feb-19   FourKites                       $50         2.   Jun-18   FreightWaves                    13          2.   Aug-14   Lavante                          4
2.   Oct-18   ShopRunner                      40          3.   Jun-16   INRIX                           ND          3.   Sep-10   Retail Solutions                15
3.   Oct-18   FactoryFour                     5           4.   Jun-16   Elementum                       ND          4.    ND      Onventis                        ND
4.   Jun-15   Celect                          15          5.   Nov-16   Postmates                      140
5.   Jul-11   INRIX                           37          6.   Feb-16   Zendrive                        14
6.   Aug-11   RetailNext                       8

                                                          1.   Dec-18   RightHand Robotics             $23          1.    ND      Deliveroo                       ND
1.   Feb-19   Mirakl                         $70          2.   Dec-18   Scout RFP                       33          2.   Jun-19   Skupos                         $26
2.   Oct-18   Shelfbot                         4          3.   Sep-18   Shipbob                         40          3.   Nov-18   Scoutbee                        4
3.   Sep-18   Shipbob                         40          4.   May-18   Alloy Technologies              12          4.   Feb-18   Grow                            16
4.   Feb-18   FourKites                       35          5.   Apr-18   6 River Systems                 25

                                                          1.   Feb-19   Tulip Interfaces               $18
1.   Jun-19   Skupos                          $26         2.   Jul-17   Transfix                        42
2.   Apr-19   STORD                           12          3.   Jun-17   FusionOps                       50          1.   Jun-19   Gatik                           $5
3.   Apr-17   Odyn                            ND          4.   May-17   Scout RFP                       16          2.   Dec-18   Wise Systems                    7
4.   May-16   Sennder                         ND                                                                    3.   Feb-18   May Mobility                    12
5.   May-16   Verusen                         ND                                                                    4.   Feb-16   Zendrive                        14
6.    ND      Leaf Logistics                  ND                                                                    5.   May-17   Starsky Robotics                4
7.    ND      Steam Logistics                 ND          1.   Dec-18   NuORDER                        $15          6.   Sep-15   Nauto                           3
                                                          2.   Sep-18   Arrive                          20

                                                                        Source: CapIQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                                                         10
Transportation–Related Supply Chain Trends

 Transportation-related software capital raising remained robust in H1 2019, with
  $725M raised in more than 20 transactions
  ›            , India’s largest trucking platform, raised $150M (bringing total raised since
      October 2018 to $233M)
  ›   Leading Fleet Management / ELD vendor                               raised $149M at a $1.4B
      valuation while Freight Marketplace vendor                        raised $97M at a $500M valuation
  ›   Last-mile Logistics vendor                       added $100M to its last round of $300M in
      September 2018

 Transportation M&A again represented one third of all supply chain M&A deals:
  ›   Serial acquirers                 (3 deals) and                        (2 Deals) continued their
      robust activity
  ›   TMS platforms                 and                      were both acquired by private equity buyers

 Global tire manufacturers jumped into software with                                   acquisition of
  ------------- and           purchase of

                                                                                                           11
                                   Source: Capital IQ, 451 Research
H1 2019 Transportation Software M&A

($US in millions)

                                                                                                                                              LTM       EV/ LTM
            Date    Target                                   Acquirer                           Sector                            EV ($M)   Rev. ($M)    Rev.
     1. Jun-19      STEPcom                                  Descartes Systems                  Supply Chain Integration           $20         ND         ND
     2. Jun-19      Mighty AI                                Uber                               Computer Vision Modeling            ND         ND         ND
     3. Jun-19      TrackPoint Systems                       Truck-Lite                         Location Land-based Tracking        ND         ND         ND
     4. Jun-19      StakUp                                   FreightWaves                       Freight Data                        ND         ND         ND
     5. May-19      AD OPT                                   IBS Software                       Aviation Software                   ND         ND         ND
     6. May-19      Masternaut                               Michelin                           Telematics                          ND         ND         ND
     7. May-19      Core Transport Technologies              Descartes Systems                  Scanning and Tracking               21         ND         ND
     8. May-19      Roadscanners                             Loram                              Railway and Management              ND         ND         ND
     9. Apr-19      Whiplash                                 Port Logistics Group               eCommerce Fulfillment Software      ND         ND         ND
   10. Apr-19       3Gtms                                    Sumeru                             TMS                                 ND         ND         ND
   11. Apr-19       Synovia Solutions                        CalAmp                             Telematics                          50        $28        1.8x
   12. Apr-19       TivaCloud                                Fleetworthy Solutions              Transportation Compliance           ND         ND         ND
   13. Apr-19       Tero Marine                              Seagull Maritime                   Marine Fleet Management             ND         ND         ND
   14. Apr-19       Jarca / JFleet                           Clear Destination                  TMS                                 ND         ND         ND
   15. Apr-19       BSM Technologies                         Geotab                             Telematics / Fleet Management      113         59        1.9x
   16. Apr-19       GlobalTranz Enterprises                  Providence Equity Partners         3PL                                700         ND         ND
   17. Apr-19       Xevo                                     Lear Corporation                   Automotive Software                320         ND         ND
   18. Mar-19       InfoRoute                                Compilator                         Fleet Inspection                    ND         ND         ND
   19. Mar-19       Cetus Labs                               Navis                              Terminal Operating System           ND         ND         ND
   20. Feb-19       Delivery Biz Pro                         GetSwift                           Delivery Management Platform        ND         ND         ND
   21. Feb-19       habbl                                    Daimler FleetBoard                 Fleet Management                    ND         ND         ND
   22. Feb-19       Ushr                                     Dynamic Map Platform               Automotive Mapping                 200         ND         ND
   23. Feb-19       ECO Insight and Navigator Insight SolutionsStormGeo Holding AS              Fleet Performance                   ND         ND         ND
   24. Feb-19       TESIS                                    Vector Informatik                  Automotive Testing Solutions        ND         ND         ND
   25. Jan-19       Transporeon                              HgCapital                          TMS                                800         ND         ND
   26. Jan-19       TomTom Telematics                        Bridgestone Europe                 Telematics                         1000       158        6.3x
   27. Jan-19       M2M Solutions                            Telsinc                            Fleet Management                    11         ND         ND
   28. Jan-19       Our Freight Guy                          GlobalTranz                        Freight Brokerage and Logistics     ND         ND         ND
   29. Jan-19       AM Gruppe                                Royal Reesink                      WMS / TMS                           ND         ND         ND
   30. Oct-18       Sigma Software                           Wisetech Global                    Customs, Freight Forwarding         5          2         2.8x
                                                                                                2019 Median                        $113       $44        1.9x
                                                                                                2019 Total Disclosed              $3,240
                                                                                                                                                                  12
                                                             Source: Capital IQ, 451 Research
H1 2019 Transportation Software Capital Raising

        Date     Target                    Sector                              Investors                                                       Investment ($M)

     1. May-19   Trukkin Middle EAST       Truck Aggregator                    Batic Investments and Logistics                                       4

     2. May-19   Overhaul Group            Shipping Visibility                 Abbey International Finance                                           7

     3. May-19   Ravin AI                  Automated Vehicle Inspection        Shell Ventures, Pico Partners                                         4

     4. May-19   Blackbuck                 Trucking Logistics                  Goldman Sachs                                                        150

     5. Apr-19   Spare Labs                Transportation Network Management   Mitsubishi                                                            6
                                                                               b-to-v Partners, BFB Brandenburg Kapital, Senovo Capital
     6. Apr-19   Synfioo                   Intermodal Monitoring               Management, Hpi Seed Fund                                             3
                                                                               SGH Capital, Edenred Capital Parnters, daphni, Weaving
     7. Apr-19   FretLink                  Shipping and Logistics              Invest                                                                31
                                                                               Institutional Venture Partners, Index Ventures, Scale Venture
     8. Apr-19   KeepTruckin               Fleet Management                    Partners, GV, Greenoaks Capital Partners                             149

     9. Apr-19   Driveroo                  Vehicle Maintenance                 WS Investments                                                        3

    10. Apr-19   Phantom Auto              Teleoperated Navigation             Bessemer Venture Partners                                             14

    11. Apr-19   CODE42                    Mobility Services Platform          Hyundai Motor Company                                                 ND

    12. Apr-19   AutoX Technologies        AV                                  Dongfeng Motor Group Company                                          20
                 Visible Supply Chain
    13. Apr-19   Management                3PL                                 Cynosyre Group                                                        ND

    14. Mar-19   Rarestep / Fleetio        Fleet Management                    ND                                                                    4

    15. Mar-19   Blackbuck                 Trucking Logistics                  Goldman Sachs, B Capital Group                                        44

    16. Mar-19   FleetMaster               Fleet Management                    Daimler Financial Services                                            ND

    17. Feb-19   Agilis Systems            Fleet Management                    Spectrum Equity Management                                            ND

    18. Feb-19   Drag Alliance             Dragage Platform                    Craft Ventures                                                        4

    19. Feb-19   Vantage Point Logistics   Freight Management                  Radian Capital, Tamarind Hill Fund                                    10

    20. Jan-19   Next Trucking             Freight Marketplace                 Sequoia Capital, GLP, Brookfield Ventures                             97
                 Bringg Delivery                                               Salesforce Ventures, Cambridge Capital, Next47, OG Tech
    21. Jan-19   Technologies              Delivery Logistics                  Ventures                                                              25
                                                                               Glynn Capital Management, BlackRock, Tiger Global
    22. Jan-19   Postmates                 Delivery Logistics                  Management                                                           100
                                                                               August Capital, Bain Capital Ventures, Hyde Park Angels,
    23. Jan-19   FourKites                 Supply Chain Visibility             CEAS Investments I                                                    50

                                                                               2019 Median                                                          $14

                                                                               2019 Total Disclosed                                                 $722         13
                                                    Source: Capital IQ, 451 Research
Sector Spotlight: eProcurement / Spend Management

          Sector Highlights                                                                   Key Vendors

 e-Procurement and Spend Management
  considered to be $4B - $6B market, growing     Depth of
  in the low double digits (Note: Coupa
                                                 Product
  believes there is an addressable TAM of
  $50+B)                                         Functionality

 Competition in eProcurement tracks closely
  to that in ERP and SCM sectors, with market
  share dominated by SAP and Oracle,
  representing 1/3 of the market, followed by
  IBM, Microsoft, and Coupa

 Ongoing consolidation in the sector is being
  driven by challengers such as Coupa and
  private equity players acquiring mid-market
  players

 The new wave of spend management
  leaders is constructing comprehensive suites
  integrating:

      ›   Spend analysis
      ›   Contract Management
      ›   Supplier / Vendor Management
      ›   Market place management
      ›   Payments
      ›   Financial Management                                                                              Market presence
      ›   Data Integration

                                                                                                                              14
                                                  Source: Gartner, Capital IQ, 451 Research
eProcurement / Spend Management Trends

    Robust M&A market in eProcurement and Spend Management during the past 3 years
     with nearly 45 transactions, including 12 deals in H1 2019

    M&A deals of note include:

     ›              acquisition of

     ›                acquisition of                                 for $650M

                  has been singularly aggressive, capitalizing on its strong stock
     performance to acquire 8 companies in the last 2 years

    Venture Investment in the sector has been modest, representing $550 million in 14
     deals in the past 2+ years

    Average capital raising deal size is going up with larger deals, including $60M for
     Ivalua  at a reported valuation greater than $1B ($120M total in 2 years) and $33M
     for          ($58M total in last 2 years)

                                                                                           15
                                  Source: Capital IQ, 451 Research
eProcurement M&A

      Date     Target   Acquirer          Sector                               Date      Target   Acquirer       Sector

 1.   Jun-19                       eProcurement                          13.    Dec-18                       eProcurement

 2.   May-19                       Supplier Management                   14.    Dec-18                       Vendor Management

 3.   May-19                       eProcurement                          15.    Oct-18                       eProcurement

 4.   Apr-19                       Vendor Management                     16.    Oct-18                       Supplier Management

 5.   Apr-19                       Contract Lifecycle Management         17.    Oct-18                       eProcurement

 6.   Mar-19                       Supplier Intelligence                 18.    Sep-18                       eProcurement

 7.   Mar-19                       eProcurement                          19.    Sep-18                       Supplier Management

 8.   Feb-19                       eProcurement                          20.    Aug-18                       Spend Management

 9.   Feb-19                       eProcurement                          21.    Jul-18                       Vendor Management

10.   Feb-19                       Supplier Management                   22.    Jun-18                       Procurement / SCM

11.   Jan-19                       Supplier Intelligence                 23.    Mar-18                       eProcurement

12.   Jan-19                       eProcurement                          24.    Mar-18                       eProcurement

                                                                                                                                   16
                                      Source: Capital IQ, 451 Research
eProcurement M&A

       Date     Target   Acquirer         Sector                                Date     Target   Acquirer        Sector

25.    Mar-18                       Spend Management                      36.   Mar-17                       eProcurement

26.    Feb-18                       Vendor Management                     37.   Feb-17                       Contract Compliance

27.    Jan-18                       Procurement Data                      38.   Jan-17                       eProcurement

28.    Dec-17                       eProcurement                          39.   Dec-16                       Vendor Management

29.    Nov-17                       eProcurement                          40.   Nov-16                       eProcurement

30.    Oct-17                       Supplier Management                   41.   Oct-16                       Supplier Management

31.    Oct-17                       AI Fraud Detection                    42.   Oct-16                       eProcurement

32.    Jul-17                       eProcurement                          43.   Aug-16                       eProcurement

33.    Jun-17                       eProcurement                          44.   May-16                       eProcurement

34.    May-17                       Data Aggregation                      45.   Feb-16                       eProcurement

35.    Apr-17                       Strategic Sourcing

                                                                                                                                   17
                                       Source: Capital IQ, 451 Research
eProcurement Capital Raising

                           Total                                                                    Total
      Date    Company   Funding ($M)      Sector                          Date         Company   Funding ($M)      Sector

1.   Jun-19                  15        eProcurement                  8.   Apr-18                      40        eProcurement

2.   May-19                  60        Spend Management              9.   Apr-18                      12        eProcurement

3.   Dec-18                  25        eProcurement                 10.   Jun-17                       8        eProcurement

4.   Dec-18                  33        eProcurement                 11.   Jun-17                      16        eProcurement

5.   Dec-18                   7        Supplier Management          12.   Apr-17                      60        Spend Management

6.   Apr-19                   8        Vendor Risk Management       13.   Nov-16                       7        eProcurement

7.   May-18                  250       eProcurement                 14.   Jul-16                       9        eProcurement

                                                                                   Total             $550

                                       Source: Capital IQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                   18
Public Company Stock Performance

 Public companies in the ERP
  and SCM sectors have                                                     Public Company Performance Index
  performed well as a whole over
  the past three years, having                  65.0
  achieved a 3-year stock
  performance increase of over                  55.0
  53%
 Many have also achieved robust                45.0
  double-digit revenue growth
 Trading multiples for the sector              35.0
  as a whole are also quite healthy
  at 9.4x 2019 revenue and 22.3x
                                                25.0
  2019 EBITDA
 Strong multiples reflect solid                15.0
  growth rates for those
  companies growing faster than
                                                 5.0
  the market as a whole as well as
  the strong operating and
  EBITDA margins                                -5.0
                                                  Jul-16      Jan-17           Jul-17    Jan-18         Jul-18       Jan-19      Jul-19
 The sector has also benefitted
                                                               SCM Composite Index                Dow Jones Industrial Average
  from a surge in global equity
                                                               S&P 500 Index                      NASDAQ Composite Index
  markets over the past 24 months

  * Includes companies on the following slide              Source: CapIQ                                                            19
Public Company Universe

($ in millions)                                                                          Market Data                                                                                                                Operating Data(c)
                                                                                                   EV / Revenue                EV / EBITDA                  Cash              Revenue                      EBIDTA                         Revenue Growth     LQ EBITDA   LQ Gross
                                         Enterprise            LTM             2 - Yr
                                                (a) (b)
      Company                             Value              Perf.(%)         Perf.(%)         2019E           2018A           2019E          2018A         2019E     2019E             2018A     2019E               2018A             18A/17A    19E/18A    Margin      Margin

 1.                                       $197,081             10%              7%              5.0x            4.9x           10.5x          12.4x        $17,411   $39,326        $39,893      $18,853             $15,899              3%        (1%)       42%         81%

 2.                                        122,688              6%              17%             4.0x            4.3x           10.9x          18.1x         3,411    30,762             28,288   11,254                6,773              0%         9%        28%         69%

 3.                                        31,569               2%              54%             7.1x            7.9x           19.9x          33.6x         2,281     4,447             3,981     1,584                 941               3%         12%       25%         84%

 4.                                        12,880              22%             110%             2.9x            3.1x           13.1x          15.8x         192       4,500             4,218      981                  817              13%         7%        22%         47%

 5.                                         8,773              22%             116%            15.5x            16.8x          31.2x          37.9x         171       566                522       281                  232              10%         8%        48%         92%

 6.                                         8,570              79%             284%            36.0x            42.7x           NM            99.0x          22       238                201       86                   87               46%         18%       40%         81%

 7.                                         8,096              109%            332%            31.9x            31.1x           NM             NM            99       254                260       23                  (38)              39%        (3%)        NM         66%

 8.                                         5,287              64%              91%             8.8x            9.5x           39.3x          37.1x         118       601                559       135                  143              (6%)        7%        21%         54%

 9.                                         4,119               6%              37%            15.0x            15.0x          34.5x          45.8x          53       275                275       119                  90               16%         0%        38%         75%

10.                                         1,917             (13%)             3%             10.3x            12.7x          38.1x          70.5x          99       186                151       50                   27               13%         23%       28%         69%

11.                                         1,694              17%              84%             6.1x            6.8x           25.0x          43.0x         122       277                248       68                   39               13%         12%       14%         65%

12.                                         2,775              83%             162%            11.2x            14.1x           NM            -74.7x        162       248                197       (9)                 (37)              17%         26%        NM         63%

13.                                         1,286              27%              79%             6.1x            8.6x           16.5x          37.3x          18       212                150       78                   34               53%         42%       33%         69%

14.                                          634              (23%)             27%             1.9x            1.9x           39.7x          43.7x         127       332                333       16                   14                9%        (0%)        NM         53%

15.                                          326              (16%)             36%             3.0x            2.9x           22.6x          32.9x          42       110                112       14                   10                2%        (2%)       15%         54%

16.                                          96               (51%)            (71%)            1.5x            1.4x            5.0x          25.3x          5         66                70        19                    4               24%        (6%)       61%         47%

17.                                          162              (24%)            (7%)             2.8x            3.0x            NM            48.0x          9         58                53         3                    3               (4%)        8%         2%         46%

18.                                          38                (7%)            (31%)            0.6x            0.8x            5.9x           9.7x          9         64                46         6                    4                6%         41%       13%         43%

MEDIAN                                     $3,447               8%              45%             6.1x            7.4x           21.3x          37.1x         $109      $264              $254      $73                  $37               11%         8%        28%         66%
                                                                                                                                       ]
AVERAGE                                   $22,666              17%              74%             9.4x            10.4x          22.3x          31.5x        $1,353    $4,585         $4,420       $1,864               $1,391             14%         11%       29%         64%

AGGREGATE                                 $407,990                                                                                                         $24,349   $82,522        $79,558      $33,560             $25,041

Notes:
(a)   Based on closing stock prices on August 7, 2019
(b)   Calculated as Equity Value plus total debt, minority interest (at book value unless otherwise noted) and preferred stock, less cash & equivalents)
(c)   Projections represent Wall Street estimates
(d)   Adjusted operating margin excludes extraordinary and non-recurring items

                                                                                                                                   Source: CapIQ, SEC Filings                                                                                                                20
Expanded Landscape

                          General                     PLANNING                                                                                                                          DELIVERY
 Large
                           Supply
  SCM                                                         Supply Chain
                           Chain                                                                                                    Supply Chain Execution
Providers                                                       Planning
                          Providers

   DISCLAIMER: This is only a representative list and may not include all relevant companies. If your company is not on the list and would like to be added for future publications, kindly send us a note
   at drourke@agcpartners.com and we would be happy to consider.                                                                                                                                             21
eProcurement / Spend Management Landscape

                                                                     Private Company Landscape

DISCLAIMER: This is only a representative list and may not include all relevant companies. If your company is not on the list and would like to be added for future publications, kindly send us a note
at drourke@agcpartners.com and we would be happy to consider.
                                                                                                                                                                                                          22
AGC’s Supply Chain Software Market Update 2019
                                      •              Dennis brings more than 25 years of experience in investment banking to his role at AGC and has been a
Dennis Rourke                                        Partner with AGC since it was founded in early 2003
Partner
                                      •              Dennis has completed more than 80 transactions, primarily for software companies, including 25 deals in
                                                     supply chain software

                                      •              Previously, Dennis was a Managing Director at Banc of America Securities and a Founding Member of
                                                     Montgomery Securities’ East Coast Technology Group

                                      •              He holds a B.A. in English Literature from Middlebury College, an M.A. in German Literature from the
                                                     Johannes Gutenberg Universitat in Mainz, Germany, and an M.S. in Finance from the MIT Sloan School of
                                                     Management

                                                             AGC’s Supply Chain Management Expertise

                                                                                                                                                                  Private Placement

                                                                                                                                                                  $8.5 Million
                                                                                                                                                                  Placement Agent

                                                                                                                                                                   Convertible Debt

                                                                                                                                                                   $250 Million
                                                                                                                                                                      Co-manager

                                                                                                                                              Intactix
                                                                                         Petrolsoft
                                                             has been acquired by     has been acquired by                               has been acquired by

                           Initial Public Offering                                                                                                                 Private Placement
                                                                                                               Initial Public Offering

 Initial Public Offering     $96 Million                                                $55 Million              $40 Million                                        $12 Million
                                                               $85 Million                                         Co-manager              $21 Million
   $37 Million                 Co-manager                                             Sole Financial Advisor                             Sole Financial Advisor   Sole Placement Agent
                                                             Sole Financial Advisor   to Aspen Technology                                  To JDA Software
                                                                  to Numetrix                                                                                                            23
M&A and Private Placement
                                             Activity

Note: This document is intended to serve as an informative article only in order to further discussion, analysis and independent verification. This
document is based upon sources believed to be reliable, however, we do not guarantee the sources’ accuracy. Unless otherwise indicated, AGC
does not believe that the information contained herein is sufficient to serve as the basis of an investment decision. There can be no assurance that
these statements, estimates or forecasts will be attained and actual results may be materially different. This is not a solicitation of an offer of any kind.
To learn more about the company/companies that is/are the subject of this commentary, contact one of persons named herein who can give you
additional information.                                                                                                                                         24
M&A Activity H1 2019

($US in millions)

                                                                                                                                                   LTM       EV/ LTM
            Date    Target                         Acquirer                                        Sector                              EV ($M)   Rev. ($M)    Rev.
     1. Jun-19      Drive.ai                       Apple                                           AV                                    ND         ND         ND
     2. Jun-19      STEPcom                        Descartes Systems                               Supply Chain Integration              20         ND         ND
     3. Jun-19      Zenopt                         RELEX                                           Retail Management                     ND         ND         ND
     4. Jun-19      Mighty AI                      Uber                                            Computer Vision Modeling              ND         ND         ND
     5. Jun-19      Onventis                       Main Capital                                    eProcurement                          ND         ND         ND
     6. Jun-19      Eazy Collect                   The Access Group                                ERP Payments                          ND         ND         ND
     7. Jun-19      Acumatica                      IFS                                             ERP                                   ND         ND         ND
     8. Jun-19      AutoStore                      TH Lee Partners                                 WMS Robotics / Automation             ND         ND         ND
     9. Jun-19      i2i Infinity                   SGS                                             Electronic Certificates of Origin     ND         ND         ND
   10. Jun-19       TrackPoint Systems             Truck-Lite                                      Location-based Tracking               ND         ND         ND
   11. Jun-19       Cubus                          Serviceware                                     CPM/BI                                ND         5          ND
   12. Jun-19       Lindbak Retail Systems         EG                                              Retail Management                     ND         ND         ND
   13. Jun-19       StakUp                         FreightWaves                                    Freight Data                          ND         ND         ND
   14. Jun-19       Averetek                       E2open                                          Channel Management                    ND         ND         ND
   15. May-19       irth Solutions                 Gauge Capital                                   Field Service Management              ND         ND         ND
   16. May-19       Prometheus Group Enterprises   Genstar Capital                                 Plant Maintenance                    1,000       ND         ND
   17. May-19       Handshake                      Shopify                                         eCommerce Platform                    ND         ND         ND
   18. May-19       CVM Solutions                  Supplier.io                                     Supplier Management                   ND         ND         ND
   19. May-19       AD OPT                         IBS Software                                    Aviation Software                     ND         ND         ND
   20. May-19       Boomerang Commerce Assets      Lowe's Companies                                Retail Analytics                      ND         ND         ND
   21. May-19       Profitect                      Zebra Technologies                              Retail Analytics                      ND         ND         ND
   22. May-19       CStorePro                      Professional Datasolutions                      Retail Pricing                        ND         ND         ND
   23. May-19       Felix Informatique             Constellation Software                          Retail / Hospitality ERP              ND         ND         ND
   24. May-19       Masternaut                     Michelin                                        Telematics                            ND         ND         ND
   25. May-19       Azima Global                   SymphonyAl Group                                Manufacturing Monitoring              ND         ND         ND
   26. May-19       Core Transport Technologies    Descartes Systems                               Scanning and Tracking                 21         ND         ND
   27. May-19       Amber Road                     E2open                                          Trade Management                     424         86        5.0x
   28. May-19       ecUtopia                       True Commerce                                   EDI                                   ND         ND         ND
   29. May-19       EU Supply                      Mercell Holding                                 eProcurement                          17         5         3.4x
   30. May-19       Experlogix                     Featheringill Capital                           CPQ                                   ND         ND         ND

                                                                     Source: CapIQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                                                       25
M&A Activity H1 2019 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

                                                                                                                                         LTM       EV/ LTM
            Date    Target                    Acquirer                                      Sector                           EV ($M)   Rev. ($M)    Rev.
   31. May-19       Roadscanners              Loram                                         Railway and Management             ND         ND         ND
   32. May-19       Seven Telematics          Connexas Group                                Fleet Management                   ND         ND         ND
   33. May-19       Optiware                  Aptean                                        Manufacturing ERP                  ND         ND         ND
   34. Apr-19       Flexible Workforce        Openforce                                     Vendor Management                  ND         ND         ND
   35. Apr-19       Xware                     Wisetech Global                               Logistics Messaging                23         3         6.6x
   36. Apr-19       Whiplash                  Port Logistics Group                          eCommerce Fulfillment Software     ND         ND         ND
   37. Apr-19       Triple E Technologies     Constellation Sofrware                        C-Store Payments                   ND         ND         ND
   38. Apr-19       3Gtms                     Sumeru                                        TMS                                ND         ND         ND
   39. Apr-19       OptiView                  omNovos                                       Inventory Management               ND         ND         ND
   40. Apr-19       Practi Technologies       Just Eat                                      PoS                                9          ND         ND
   41. Apr-19       Exari Group               Coupa Software                                Contract Lifecycle Management     215         ND         ND
   42. Apr-19       Second Phase              Billtrust                                     B2B eCommerce                      ND         ND         ND
   43. Apr-19       Synovia Solutions         CalAmp                                        Telematics                         50         28        1.8x
   44. Apr-19       TivaCloud                 Fleetworthy Solutions                         Transportation Compliance          ND         ND         ND
   45. Apr-19       Tero Marine               Seagull Maritime                              Marine Fleet Management            ND         ND         ND
   46. Apr-19       Sellbrite                 GoDaddy                                       eCommerce / Marketplace tools      ND         ND         ND
   47. Apr-19       Jarca / JFleet            Clear Destination                             TMS                                ND         ND         ND
   48. Apr-19       BSM Technologies          Geotab                                        Telematics / Fleet Management     113         59        1.9x
   49. Apr-19       Scan to Buy               Yandex Market                                 eCommerce                          ND         ND         ND
   50. Apr-19       MaxGrip                   AVEVA                                         Asset Performance Management       25         ND         ND
   51. Apr-19       IBM DemandTec Assets      Centerbridge Partners                         Commerce / Marketing Platform     500        275        1.8x
   52. Apr-19       Truckstop.com             ICONIQ                                        Freight Marketplace               1,000       ND         ND
   53. Apr-19       EG                        Francisco Partners                            ERP                               550         ND         ND
   54. Apr-19       KNet Software             Emerson Electric Co.                          Digital Transformation             ND         ND         ND
   55. Apr-19       GlobalTranz Enterprises   Providence Equity Partners                    3PL                               700         ND         ND
   56. Apr-19       Xevo                      Lear Corporation                              Automotive Software               320         ND         ND
   57. Apr-19       Hiper Software            Linx Sistemas e Consultoria                   Retail Management                  5          ND         ND
   58. Mar-19       First Mile                Rakuten                                       eCommerce Order Fulfillment        ND         ND         ND
   59. Mar-19       IFS 360                   Rakuten                                       eCommerce Order Fulfillment        ND         ND         ND
   60. Mar-19       Dynamic Yield             McDonald's                                    Digital Personalization           325         30        10.8x

                                                              Source: CapIQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                                             26
M&A Activity H1 2019 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

                                                                                                                                                        LTM       EV/ LTM
            Date    Target                                   Acquirer                                        Sector                         EV ($M)   Rev. ($M)    Rev.
   61. Mar-19       Exceedra                                 AFS Technologies                                Trade Promotion Management       ND         ND         ND
   62. Mar-19       Meronimi                                 Proxima Group                                   Supplier Intelligence            ND         ND         ND
   63. Mar-19       Blume Global                             Apollo Global                                   Digital Supply Chain             ND         ND         ND
   64. Mar-19       InfoRoute                                Compilator                                      Fleet Inspection                 ND         ND         ND
   65. Mar-19       Cetus Labs                               Navis                                           Terminal Operating System        ND         ND         ND
   66. Mar-19       EMNS                                     Elemica                                         Material Quality Compliance      ND         ND         ND
   67. Mar-19       OpusCapita                               Providence Equity                               eProcurement                     ND         ND         ND
   68. Mar-19       Spark Digital Technologies               BLOCKStrain Technology Corp.                    Cannabis Supply Chain            6          ND         ND
   69. Feb-19       Exact Software                           KKR                                             ERP                              ND         ND         ND
   70. Feb-19       Delivery Biz Pro                         GetSwift                                        Delivery Management Platform     ND         ND         ND
   71. Feb-19       Scheduling+                              GetSwift                                        Workforce Scheduling             ND         ND         ND
   72. Feb-19       MedaTech Information Technology          Matrix IT                                       ERP                              24         ND         ND
   73. Feb-19       Certona Corporation                      Kibo Software                                   Omnichannel Personalization      60         20        3.0x
   74. Feb-19       Stantive Technologies Group              Bridgeline Digital                              Digital Experience Platform      5          7         0.8x
   75. Feb-19       Newton Transportation Technologies       Nauto                                           AV                               ND         ND         ND
   76. Feb-19       Epilog                                   KNAPP AG                                        WMS                              ND         ND         ND
   77. Feb-19       Browz                                    Avetta                                          Supplier Management              ND         ND         ND
   78. Feb-19       EnterWorks                               Winshuttle                                      MDM / PIM                        ND         ND         ND
   79. Feb-19       habbl                                    Daimler FleetBoard                              Fleet Management                 ND         ND         ND
   80. Feb-19       Shoplo                                   SumUp Payments Limited                          eCommerce                        ND         ND         ND
   81. Feb-19       Ushr                                     Dynamic Map Platform                            Automotive Mapping              200         ND         ND
   82. Feb-19       ECO Insight and Navigator Insight SolutionsStormGeo Holding AS                           Fleet Performance                ND         ND         ND
   83. Feb-19       Determine                                Corcentric                                      eProcurement                     32         28        1.1x
   84. Feb-19       Netsend                                  Corcentric                                      eProcurement                     ND         ND         ND
   85. Feb-19       Purfresh                                 TriStrata Group                                 Controlled Atmosphere Cargo      ND         ND         ND
   86. Feb-19       TESIS                                    Vector Informatik                               Automotive Testing Solutions     ND         ND         ND
   87. Feb-19       PCSYS                                    TECSYS                                          WMS / TMS                        13         14        0.9x
   88. Feb-19       Dynacommerce Holding                     Tech Mahindra                                   Omnichannel Commerce             18         9         2.0x
   89. Feb-19       CarrierWeb                               I.D. Systems                                    Asset Tracking                   4          ND         ND
   90. Jan-19       SYSTEMA AS                               WiseTech Global                                 Customs Management               6          ND         ND

                                                                               Source: CapIQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                                                            27
M&A Activity H1 2019 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)
                                                                                                                                    LTM       EV/ LTM
            Date    Target              Acquirer                                      Sector                            EV ($M)   Rev. ($M)    Rev.
   91. Jan-19       Buymanager          SupplyFrame                                   Supplier Intelligence               ND         ND         ND
   92. Jan-19       Transporeon         HgCapital                                     TMS                                800         ND         ND
   93. Jan-19       T-PRO Solutions     Blacksmith Applications                       Trade Promotion Optimization        ND         ND         ND
   94. Jan-19       XimantiX Software   Cegedim e-business                            e-Invoicing                         ND         ND         ND
   95. Jan-19       TomTom Telematics   Bridgestone Europe                            Telematics                         1,000      158        6.3x
   96. Jan-19       Visual Compliance   Descartes Systems                             SC Compliance                      250         35        7.1x
   97. Jan-19       Precognitive        ShopRunner                                    Online Fraud Prevention             ND         ND         ND
   98. Jan-19       M2M Solutions       Telsinc                                       Fleet Management                    11         ND         ND
   99. Jan-19       Scanmarket          Verdane Capital                               eProcurement                        ND         ND         ND
 100. Jan-19        Techsol Marine      Ocean Group                                   Marine Machine Control              ND         ND         ND
 101. Jan-19        Our Freight Guy     GlobalTranz                                   Freight Brokerage and Logistics     ND         ND         ND
 102. Jan-19        MineralSoft         Drilling Info                                 Mineral / Land Management           ND         ND         ND
 103. Jan-19        ItemMaster          Gladson                                       Product Content Management          ND         ND         ND
 104. Jan-19        AM Gruppe           Royal Reesink                                 WMS / TMS                           ND         ND         ND
 105. Jan-19        ISM Connect         Smith Micro Software                          OnScreen Demos                      9          ND         ND
 106. Jan-19        Edgenet             Gladson                                       Product Content Management          ND         ND         ND
 107. Jan-19        Leo Enterprises     DS Co.                                        Supply Chain Data                   ND         ND         ND
                                                                                      2019 Median                        $32        $28        3.0x
                                                                                      2019 Total Disclosed              $7,754

                                                        Source: CapIQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                                        28
M&A Activity 2018

($US in millions)

                                                                                                                                                  LTM       EV/ LTM
            Date    Target                       Acquirer                                        Sector                               EV ($M)   Rev. ($M)    Rev.
     1. Dec-18      Covalent Works Corporation   SPS Commerce                                    EDI                                    23         4         5.8x
     2. Dec-18      XELOG                        DRS Investment                                  WMS                                    ND         ND         ND
     3. Dec-18      IQMS                         Dassault Systèmes                               Manufacturing ERP                     425         56        7.6x
     4. Dec-18      Hiperos                      Coupa Software                                  Supplier Risk Management               95         ND         ND
     5. Dec-19      GateHouse Logistics          Project44                                       Transportation Visibility Platform     ND         ND         ND
     6. Nov-18      Contigo                      Energy One Limited                              ETRM                                   4          ND         ND
     7. Nov-18      e-Courier                    Alpine SG                                       Last-Mile Delivery                     ND         ND         ND
     8. Nov-18      Companeo                     InfoPro Digital                                 B2B                                    ND         ND         ND
     9. Nov-18      OrderDynamics Corp           TECSYS                                          Distributed Order Management           13         ND         ND
   10. Nov-18       Innovative Return Concepts   Inmar                                           Returns Management                     ND         ND         ND
   11. Nov-18       Clearplan                    KAR Auction Services                            Vehicle Recovery Management            ND         ND         ND
   12. Nov-18       GreatRateFreight             Gold River Productions, RushNet                 Freight Marketplace                    ND         ND         ND
   13. Oct-18       Proquro                      Exact Holding                                   eProcurement                           ND         ND         ND
   14. Oct-18       Gladson Interactive          The Jordan Company                              Retail Product Content                 ND         ND         ND
   15. Oct-18       Spring                       ShopRunner                                      Mobile-First Brand Catalogue           ND         ND         ND
   16. Oct-18       Omnify Software              Arena Solutions                                 PLM                                    ND         ND         ND
   17. Oct-18       Integration Point            Thomson Reuters                                 Global Trade Management                ND         ND         ND
   18. Oct-18       Bluefrog Technologies        Francis David Corporation                       PoS                                    ND         ND         ND
   19. Oct-18       INTTRA                       E2open                                          Shipping Management                    ND        ND          ND
   20. Oct-18       AFS Technologies             STG Partners                                    Food SCM                               ND        ND          ND
   21. Oct-18       Sciengistics                 ARCOS                                           Airline WF Scheduling                  ND        ND          ND
   22. Oct-18       Sigma Software               Wisetech Global                                 Customs, Freight Forwarding            5          2         2.8x
   23. Oct-18       EDIAdmin                     SPS Commerce                                    EDI                                    ND        ND          ND
   24. Oct-18       Altius VA                    Supplier Assessment Services                    Supplier Management                    ND        ND          ND
   25. Oct-18       IFS Global Holdings          WiseTech Global                                 Shipping TMS                           55         8         7.0x
   26. Oct-18       Legion                       Bentley Systems                                 Pedestrian Simulation                  ND        ND          ND
   27. Oct-18       Aquiire                      Coupa Software                                  Supplier Search                        ND        ND          ND
   28. Oct-18       MyWebGrocer                  Mi9 Retail                                      Retail Management                      ND        ND          ND
   29. Oct-18       Stylelabs BVBA               Sitecore                                        Content Marketing                      ND        ND          ND
   30. Oct-18       ERA Systems                  BluJay Solutions                                Customs Management                     ND        ND          ND

                                                                   Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                        29
M&A Activity 2018 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

                                                                                                                                             LTM       EV/ LTM
            Date    Target                            Acquirer                                      Sector                       EV ($M)   Rev. ($M)    Rev.
   31. Oct-18       Cloud Logistics                   E2open                                        TMS                            ND         ND         ND
   32. Sep-18       TAKE Supply Chain                 Aclate                                        Supply Chain Orchestration     ND         ND         ND
   33. Sep-18       AFN Logistics                     GlobalTranz                                   3PL                            ND         ND         ND
   34. Sep-18       DCR Workforce                     Coupa Software                                eProcurement                   25         19        1.3x
   35. Sep-18       Apttus                            Thoma Bravo                                   Supplier Management           1600       225        7.1x
   36. Aug-18       ThunderBuild                      Topcon Positioning Systems                    Construction Supply Chain      ND         ND         ND
   37. Aug-18       MercuryGate                       Summit Partners                               TMS                            ND         ND         ND
   38. Aug-18       Wtransnet                         Alpega                                        Freight Exchange               ND         ND         ND
   39. Aug-18       TIM Consult                       Transporeon Group                             TMS                            ND         ND         ND
   40. Aug-18       Taric                             WiseTech Global                               Customs Management             19         ND         ND
   41. Aug-18       Esize                             PROACTIS                                      Spend Management               16         ND         ND
   42.     Jul-18   DesertMicro                       AMCS                                          Waste & Recycling SCM          ND         ND         ND
   43.     Jul-18   Beeline                           New Mountain Capital                          Vendor Management             650         ND         ND
   44.     Jul-18   MetaPack                          Stamps.com                                    TMS                           230         3         89.6x
   45.     Jul-18   Barkawi Management Consultants    Genpact                                       SCM Consulting                 ND         ND         ND
   46.     Jul-18   4flow vista                       Alpega                                        Transportation Planning        ND         ND         ND
   47.     Jul-18   Shire Systems                     Elecosoft                                     CMMS                           8          ND         ND
   48.     Jul-18   GlobalTranz                       Jordan Company                                3PL / Freight                  ND         ND         ND
   49.     Jul-18   Blue Yonder                       JDA Software                                  Retail AI                      ND         ND         ND
   50.     Jul-18   Transparix                        Logistyx Technologies                         TMS / Parcel                   ND         ND         ND
   51. Jun-18       Accucode (Velocity Mail Assets)   Descartes Systems                             TMS                            26         ND         ND
   52. Jun-18       Pierbridge                        WiseTech Global                               TMS / Parcel                   28         ND         ND
   53. Jun-18       Centriq                           Korber                                        WMS / Voice                    ND         ND         ND
   54. Jun-18       Constructionline                  Warburg Pincus                                Procurement / SCM             211         ND         ND
   55. Jun-18       Oniqua                            IBM                                           IoT                            35         ND         ND
   56. Jun-18       InsightSoftware.com               TA Associates                                 ERP Reporting                  ND         ND         ND
   57. Jun-18       Centric Software                  Dassault                                      PLM                            ND         61         ND
   58. Jun-18       American Restaurant Association   ArrowStream                                   Supply Chain Data              ND         ND         ND
   59. Jun-18       Felix Data Systems                WiseTech Global                               Customs Management             3          1         2.8x
   60. Jun-18       LOCOM Software                    Siemens                                       Logistics Services             ND         ND         ND

                                                                      Source: CapIQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                                                 30
M&A Activity 2018 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

                                                                                                                                           LTM       EV/ LTM
            Date    Target                       Acquirer                                      Sector                          EV ($M)   Rev. ($M)    Rev.
   61. Jun-18       Barcode Tech                 Reflex Group                                  Barcode / Holding                 ND         ND         ND
   62. Jun-18       ShakeDeal                    Vora Ventures                                 B2B Market Place                  ND         ND         ND
   63. May-18       SaaS Transportation          WiseTech Global                               LTL / TMS                         2          ND         ND
   64. May-18       GTG Technology               Firmament Group                               TMS                               ND         ND         ND
   65. May-18       Tax Filer                    Iris Software                                 Tax Compliance                    ND         ND         ND
   66. May-18       Powerplan                    Roper Technologies                            Financial / Compliance           1,100       ND         ND
   67. May-18       Magneto                      Adobe                                         eCommerce Platform               1,680      150        11.2x
   68. May-18       Shop.co                      Klarna                                        On-line Shopping                  ND         ND         ND
   69. May-18       Symphony Commerce            Quantum Retail Technology                     Commerce as a Service             ND         ND         ND
   70. May-18       Flipkart                     Walmart                                       e-Commerce                      16,000     7,500       2.1x
   71. May-18       Mandata                      LDC                                           TMS                               28         ND         ND
   72. Apr-18       Viewpoint                    Trimble                                       Construction Management          1,200      111        10.8x
   73. Apr-18       PB & Associates              WiseTech Global                               Freight Forwarding                ND         ND         ND
   74. Apr-18       Viewpoint                    Trimble                                       Construction Management          1,200       ND         ND
   75. Apr-18       CSF Solutions                BluJay Solutions                              Customs Management                ND         ND         ND
   76. Apr-18       Insight Group Technologies   Mantis Informatics                            WMS Optimization / Slotting       ND         ND         ND
   77. Mar-18       Acceo Solutions              Constellation Software                        Broad ERP                        201         90        2.2x
   78. Mar-18       VendorBase                   Procurify                                     eProcurement                      ND         ND         ND
   79. Mar-18       P2P Mailing                  FedEx                                         Parcel Delivery for e Tailors    130         ND         ND
   80. Mar-18       Avetta                       Welsh, Carson, Anderson & Stowe               eProcurement                      ND         ND         ND
   81. Mar-18       Servman Software             WorkWave                                      Field Service                     ND         ND         ND
   82. Mar-18       FSEnet+                      Gladson                                       Product Data Management           ND         ND         ND
   83. Mar-18       ecmarket                     Luminate Capital Partners                     SCM Document Automation           50         ND         ND
   84. Mar-18       LSP Solutions BV             WiseTech Global                               Customs and WMS                   4          2         1.6x
   85. Mar-18       IndustryBuilt                Aptean                                        ERP - F+B                         ND         ND         ND
   86. Mar-18       Gap Systems                  Loftware                                      Enterprise Labeling               ND         ND         ND
   87. Mar-18       CommerceHub                  GTCR /Sycamore Partners                       eCommerce Network                1,100      111        9.9x
   88. Mar-18       Science Warehouse            Advanced                                      Spend Management                  22        ND          ND
   89. Feb-18       Matters (TMS)                INIT                                          TMS                               1         ND          ND
   90. Feb-18       Panjiva                      S&P Global                                    Vendor Management / Insight       ND        ND          ND

                                                                 Source: CapIQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                                               31
M&A Activity 2018 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

                                                                                                                                             LTM       EV/ LTM
            Date    Target                       Acquirer                                        Sector                          EV ($M)   Rev. ($M)    Rev.
   91. Feb-18       Intris                       WiseTech Global                                 Customs Management / Freight      9          ND         ND
   92. Jan-18       Kramer-Smilko                DemandBridge                                    Distributor Management            ND         ND         ND
   93. Jan-18       Birch Worldwide              E2open                                          Channel Management                ND         ND         ND
   94. Jan-18       Entomo                       E2open                                          Channel Management                ND         ND         ND
   95. Jan-18       Kubix                        Lectra                                          PIM / MDM                         8          ND         ND
   96. Jan-18       Movildata Internacional      Verizon Telematics                              Fleet Management                  ND         ND         ND
   97. Jan-18       Motus                        Thoma Bravo                                     Vehicle Management                ND         ND         ND
   98. Jan-18       Ruzheimer                    Thoma Bravo                                     Mobile Management                 ND         ND         ND
   99. Jan-18       ProSys                       Emerson                                         Plant Production Management       ND         ND         ND
 100. Jan-18        Mintec Global                Synova Capital                                  Procurement Data / Management     ND         ND         ND
 101. Jan-18        JustEnough Software          Mi9 Retail                                      Merchandising Management          ND         ND         ND
 102. Jan-18        TenderEasy                   Alpega                                          Transportation Procurement        ND         ND         ND
 103. Jan-18        Forecast Solutions           RELEX                                           Retail Planning                   ND         ND         ND
 104. Jan-18        Kenandy                      Rootstock Software                              ERP                               ND         ND         ND
 105. Jan-18        Companeo                     InfoPro Digital                                 B2B Market Place                  ND         ND         ND
 106. Jan-18        SwoopMe                      Agero                                           Road-Side Dispatch                ND         ND         ND
 107. Jan-18        HiGH Software                Columbus A/S                                    Lease Management                  ND         ND         ND
 108. Jan-18        Certified Retail Solutions   Spencer Technologies                            Store Systems Management          ND         ND         ND
 109. Jan-18        TouchStar Group              PDI                                             Logistics Automation              ND         ND         ND
                                                                                                 2018 Median                      $28        $56        7.1x
                                                                                                 2018 Total Disclosed            $26,204

                                                                   Source: CapIQ, 451 Research
                                                                                                                                                                 32
Private Placements H1 2019

($US in millions)

              Date    Company               Sector                                           Investors                                                  Investment ($M)

        1.   Jun-19   LF Logistics          Freight Forwarding                               Temasek Holdings                                                300

        2.   Jun-19   Skubana               eCommerce / Inventory Management                 Defy Partners, Advancit Capital                                  5
                                                                                             Runa Capital, Manulife Financial, Kensington Capital
        3.   Jun-19   Procurify             eProcurement                                     Partners, Information Venture Partners, HabourVest               15

        4.   Jun-19   Whitebox              eCommerce Fulfillment                            TDF Ventures                                                     5
                                                                                             Zrosk Investment Management, Yamaha Motor, Novastar
        5.   Jun-19   MAX                   Last-Mile Delivery                               Ventures, Breakthrough Energy Ventures, Alitheia Capital         7

        6.   Jun-19   Seven Senders         Parcel Delivery Platform                         btov Partners, Digital+ Partners                                 18

        7.   Jun-19   Gatik.ai              Middle-mile AV                                   Innovation Endeavors, Trucks VC, Fontinalis                      5

        8. May-19     Sorted Group          Retail Fulfillment                               NVM Private Equity, Praetura Ventures                            19

        9. May-19     Trukkin Middle EAST   Truck Aggregator                                 Batic Investments and Logistics                                  4

       10. May-19     Ravin Al              Automated Vehicle Inspection                     Shell Ventures, Pico Partners                                    4

       11. May-19     Ivalua                Spend Management                                 Adrian Growth, Tiger Global Management                           60

       12. May-19     Silo                  Ag Supply Chain                                  Penny Newman Grain, Initialized Capital Management               3

       13. May-19     Retail Zipline        Retail Communication                             Emergence Capital Partners, Serena Ventures                      10

       14. May-19     Overhaul Group        Shipping Visibility                              Abbey International Finance                                      7

       15. May-19     Blackbuck             Trucking Logistics                               Goldman Sachs                                                   150
                                                                                             Global Founders Capital, Northzone, Cherry Ventures,
       16. May-19     FreightHub            Freight Forwarding                               Maersk Growth, Rider Global, Unbound                             30

       17.   Apr-19   Spare Labs            Transportation Network Management                Mitsubishi                                                       6
                                                                                             b-to-v Partners, BFB Brandenburg Kapital, Senovo Capital
       18.   Apr-19   Synfioo               Intermodal Monitoring                            Management; Hpi Seed Fund                                        3
                                                                                             Elaia Partners, Tekton Ventures, TheFamily,Breega
       19.   Apr-19   FretLink              Shipping and Logistics                           Capita,; SGH Capital, Edenred Capital Parnters, daphni,          31
                                                                                             Pritzker Group Venture Capital, Okapi Venture Capital,
       20.   Apr-19   Specright             Specification Data Management                    Mucker Capital, Fika Ventures                                    9

                                                                       Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                        33
Private Placements H1 2019 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

              Date    Company                Sector                                          Investors                                                 Investment ($M)

       21.   Apr-19   Magaya Corporation     WMS / Cargo                                     LLR Partners                                                    ND

       22.   Apr-19   Suuchi                 Manufacturing Services                          Edison                                                          8

       23.   Apr-19   Holded Technologies    ERP                                             Nauta Capital, Speedrocket 4Founders Capital                    7
                                                                                             Institutional Venture Partners, Index Ventures, Scale
       24.   Apr-19   KeepTruckin            Fleet Management                                Venture Partners, GV, Greenoaks Capital Partners               149

       25.   Apr-19   Driveroo               Vehicle Maintenance                             WS Investments                                                  3
                                                                                             Schooner Capital, LRVHealth, HLM Venture Partners,
       26.   Apr-19   Censinet               Vendor Risk Management                          Excelerate Health Ventures, Cedars Sinai Medical Center         8
                                                                                             Oxford Capital Parnters, Cherry Ventures Management,
       27.   Apr-19   Weengs                 eCommerce Fulfillment                           Senderwood, VentureFriends                                      8

       28.   Apr-19   Phantom Auto           Teleoperated Navigation                         Bessemer Venture Partners                                       14

       29.   Apr-19   SupplyStack            TMS                                             PMV, Mainport Innovation Fund, Fortino Capital                  6

       30.   Apr-19   Innovapptive           EAM                                             Tiger Global Management                                         16

       31.   Apr-19   NextSCM Solutions      SCM                                             021 Capital                                                     3
                                                                                             Y Combinator, Moment Ventures, Canvas Ventures, 1984
       32.   Apr-19   Flowspace              Fulfillment Network                             Ventures                                                        12
                                                                                             Tom Stafford, Samos, Picus Capital, Pentland Ventures,
       33.   Apr-19   Zencargo               Freight Forwarding                              MPGI, LocalGlobe, HV Holtzbrink Ventures                        20

       34.   Apr-19   CODE42                 Mobility Services Platform                      Hyundai Motor Company                                           ND

       35.   Apr-19   SupplyStack            TMS                                             PMV, Mainport Innovation Fund, Fortino Capital                  6

       36.   Apr-19   AutoX Technologies     AV                                              Dongfeng Motor Group Company                                    20

       37.   Apr-19   STORD                  Digital Warehousing                             Kleiner Perkins                                                 12
                      Visible Supply Chain
       38.   Apr-19   Management             3PL                                             Cynosyre Group                                                  ND
                                                                                             Bessemer Venture Partners, T. Rowe Price Group,
       39.   Mar-19   Toast, Inc.            Restaurant POS                                  Technology Crossover Ventures,Tiger Global Management          250

       40.   Mar-19   Shopmatic              eCommerce Platform                              Spring SEEDS, August Global Asset Management                    11

                                                                       Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                       34
Private Placements H1 2019 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

              Date    Company                   Sector                                          Investors                                                    Investment ($M)

       41.   Mar-19   Fliit Holding             Food Logistics                                  Berlin Technologie Holding, Alstin II Fonds, Maersk Growth         11

       42.   Mar-19   Delhivery                 3PL                                             The Carlyle Group, SoftBank, Fosun Group                          413

       43.   Mar-19   MarginEdge                Restaurant Automation                           Osage Venture Partners                                             3

       44.   Mar-19   Rarestep / Fleetio        Fleet Management                                ND                                                                 4

       45.   Mar-19   Blackbuck                 Trucking Logistics                              Goldman Sachs, B Capital Group                                     44

       46.   Mar-19   Airbiquity                Connected Car Solutions                         Toyota Motor, DENSO, Toyota Tsusho                                 15

       47.   Mar-19   FleetMaster               Fleet Management                                Daimler Financial Services                                         ND
                                                                                                83North, Elaia Partners, Bain Capital Ventures, Felix
       48.   Feb-19   Mirakl                    eCommerce Platform                              Capital Partners                                                   70

       49.   Feb-19   Agilis Systems            Fleet Management                                Spectrum Equity Management                                         ND

       50.   Feb-19   Aptean                    ERP                                             TA Associates, Vista Equity Partners                               ND

       51.   Feb-19   Dray Alliance             Drayage Platform                                Craft Ventures                                                     4

       52.   Feb-19   FreightWaves              Global Freight Content                          8VC                                                                21
                                                                                                Founders Fund, Cherubic Ventures, Susa Ventures, DST
       53.   Feb-19   Flexport                  Freight Forwarding Platform                     Global, SoftBank Investment Advisers, S.F. Express                1,000

       54.   Feb-19   QU POS                    POS                                             NRD Capital Management, Cota Capital Management                    10

       55.   Feb-19   Centage Corporation       Planning and Budgeting                          TVC Capital                                                        9

       56.   Feb-19   RELEX                     Retail Management                               Technology Crossover Ventures                                     200

       57.   Feb-19   Vantage Point Logistics   Freight Management                              Radian Capital, Tamarind Hill Fund                                 10

       58.   Feb-19   SkuVault                  WMS / Inventory Management                      Ballast Point Ventures, Endeavor Catalyst                          8
                                                                                                New Enterprise Associates, Pitango Venture Capital,
       59.   Feb-19   Tulip Interfaces          Manufacturing Management                        Vertex Ventures                                                    18
                                                                                                TI Capital, Oriza Holdings, IDG Capital, China Railway
       60.   Jan-19   Jusda                     B2B Supply Chain                                Supply Chain Group, China Life Insurance, CICC                    365

                                                                          Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                          35
Private Placements H1 2019 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

              Date    Company           Sector                                          Investors                                                   Investment ($M)

       61.   Jan-19   Transporeon       TMS                                             HgCapital                                                         44

       62.   Jan-19   Next Trucking     Freight Marketplace                             Sequoia Capital, GLP, Brookfield Ventures                         97

       63.   Jan-19   ZigZag Global     Reverse Logistics                               Plug & Play Ventures, Circularity Capital                         ND

       64.   Jan-19   Bold Commerce     eCommerce Tools                                 Whitecap Venture Partners, Round 13 Capital                       17

       65.   Jan-19   Infor             ERP                                             Golden Gate Capital, Koch Equity Development                     1,500
                                                                                        Mandra Capital, Streamlined Ventures, Emery Capital, The
       66.   Jan-19   Chronicled        Blockchain SCM                                  Perkins Fund                                                      16
                      Bringg Delivery                                                   Coca-Cola, Ituran, Pereg Ventures, Aleph Venture Capital,
       67.   Jan-19   Technologies      Delivery Logistics                              Salesforce Ventures, Cambridge Capital, Next47, OG Tech           25
                                                                                        Capital Factory, RevTech Ventures, Commerce Ventures,
       68.   Jan-19   Pensa SYSTEMS     Inventory Management                            Signia Venture Partners, ATX Venture Partners, ZX                 5
                                                                                        Glynn Capital Management, BlackRock, Tiger Global
       69.   Jan-19   Postmates         Delivery Logistics                              Management                                                       100
                                                                                        August Capital, Bain Capital Ventures, Hyde Park Angels,
       70.   Jan-19   FourKites         Supply Chain Visibility                         CEAS Investments I                                                50

                                                                                        2019 Median                                                      $12

                                                                                        2019 Total Disclosed                                            $5,299

                                                                  Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                         36
Private Placements 2018

($US in millions)

              Date    Company                 Sector                                          Investors                                                   Investment ($M)

        1.   Dec-18   Orchestra               Beverage ERP                                    Radian Capital                                                    14

        2.   Dec-18   Blackbuck               Trucking Logistics                              International Finance Corporation, Sands Capital Ventures         12
                      NTex Transportation
        3.   Dec-18   Services                Logistics Network                               Norwest Venture Partners, Kalaari Capital                         9
                                                                                              Playground Global, Menlo Ventures, Matrix Partners, GV,
        4.   Dec-18   RightHand Robotics      Warehouse Logistics                             Dream Incubator                                                   23
                                                                                              The Coca-Cola Company, Performance Food Group
        5.   Dec-18   Omnivore Technologies   Restaurant PoS                                  Company                                                           10

        6.   Dec-18   Bionexo                 eProcurement                                    Temasek Holdings                                                  25

        7.   Dec-18   Nexxiot                 SC Visibility                                   Die Mobiliar, Credit Suisse                                       15

        8.   Dec-18   Decisiv                 Service Relationship Management                 Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors                                   30
                                                                                              Western Technology Investment, International Finance
        9.   Dec-18   Kobo Logistics          Shipping Marketplace                            Corporation, TLcom Capital, Y Combinator Management               6
                                                                                              Menlo Ventures, Scale Venture Partners, Salesforce
       10.   Dec-18   Scout RFP               eProcurement                                    Ventures, Workday Ventures, NewView Capital                       33

       11.   Dec-18   NuORDER                 Fashion eCommerce                               NewSpring Capital, Upfront Ventures, Argentum                     15
                                                                                              Silverton Partners, Draper Associates, ATX Venture
       12.   Dec-18   SourceDay               Supplier Management                             Partners                                                          7

       13.   Nov-18   Dispatch                Field Service Logistics                         Trinity Private Equity Group, Great North Labs                    8

       14.   Nov-18   FreightVerify           Freight Management                              GM Ventures                                                       5
                                                                                              Neoteny Co., Fontinalis Partners, The E14 Fund, Trucks
       15.   Nov-18   Wise Systems            Autonomous Dispatch                             Venture Management, Gradient Ventures                             7
                                                                                              Scale Venture Partners, QUALCOMM Ventures, Cross
       16.   Nov-18   Airspace Technologies   Shipping Platform                               Culture Ventures, Defy Partners, Schematic Ventures               20

       17.   Nov-18   EmergeTech              Private Freight Marketplace                     Greycroft                                                         20
                                                                                              Tenfore Holdings, Supply Chain Ventures, Bowery Capital,
       18.   Nov-18   SupplyShift             SC Visibility                                   Blackhorn Ventures, Working Capital                               ND

       19.   Nov-18   Riversand               PIM / MDM                                       Crestline                                                         ND

       20.   Nov-18   Savi Technology.        SC Visibility                                   Eastward Capital Partners                                         8

                                                                        Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                         37
Private Placements 2018 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

              Date    Company                 Sector                                          Investors                                                  Investment ($M)
                                                                                              Norwest Venture Partners, Cloud Apps Management,
       21.   Nov-18   PropelPLM               PLM                                             Salesforce Ventures,Signalfire                                   18

       22.   Nov-18   Fleetondemand           Fleet Management                                BUSINESS GROWTH FUND                                             7
                                                                                              Felicis Ventures, Activant Capital Group, Upside
       23.   Nov-18   Turvo                   Collaborative Logistics Platform                Partnership, Next47, G2VP, Mubadala Ventures                     60

       24.   Nov-18   TraceGains              F&B SCM                                         SaaS Capital                                                     6

       25.   Oct-18   Zentail                 eCommerce                                       Initialized Capital                                              5

       26.   Oct-18   SHIPMONK                Inventory Portal                                Grotech Ventures, SJF Ventures, Supply Chain Ventures            10

       27.   Oct-18   Teikametrics            Retail Optimization                             Granite Point Capital Management, Jump Capital, FJ Labs          10

       28.   Oct-18   Syncron International   Service Management                              Summit Partners                                                  68

       29.   Oct-18   Quicargo Technologies   Freight Matching Platform                       SLJ Investment Partners                                          5

       30.   Oct-18   Deposco                 WMS                                             ND                                                               9
                                                                                              Emery Investments Limited, Nielsen Innovate Fund, Sonae
       31.   Oct-18   CiValue                 Customer Analytics                              Investment Management                                            6

       32.   Oct-18   Loadsmart               Freight Booking Platform                        Connor Capital, Chromo Investimentos, Maersk Growth              22
                                                                                              First Round Capital, Global Founders Capital Management,
       33.   Oct-18   Shipwell                Freight TMS                                     Capital Factory, Aspect Ventures, Fifth Wall Ventures            10

       34.   Oct-18   Blackbuck               Trucking Logistics                              Accel, Sequoia Capital India, Sands Capital Ventures             27

       35.   Oct-18   Braincube SAS           Manufacturing Analytics                         Iris Capital, Next47                                             14

       36.   Oct-18   FactoryFour             Manufacturing Management                        August Capital, Refactor Capital                                 5
                                                                                              Saltspring Capital, Relay Investments, Next Coast
       37.   Oct-18   Navegate                SCM                                             Ventures, The Operand Group                                      ND
                                                                                              Bain Capital Ventures, Foundation Capital Partners,
       38.   Oct-18   Shelfbot                Warehouse Cable Robot                           Initialized Capital Management, Liquid 2 Ventures                4
                                                                                              Insight Venture, Sapphire Ventures, Emergence Capital
       39.   Oct-18   Project44               Shipping Visibility Platform                    Partners, OpenView, Chicago Ventures, Eight Partners             45

       40.   Oct-18   BevSpot                 Food and Beverage Management                    ND                                                               5

                                                                        Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                        38
Private Placements 2018 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

              Date    Company                  Sector                                           Investors                                                   Investment ($M)

       41.   Sep-18   SMH Fleet Solutions      Fleet Management                                 LDC                                                               21

       42.   Sep-18   Postmates                Urban Logistics Platform                         Tiger Global                                                     300

       43.   Sep-18   Dispatch                 Field Service Logistics                          Vista, Grandbanks                                                 ND

       44.   Sep-18   Freightos                Int'l Freight Market Place                       GE, Aleph, ICV, Singapore Exchange                                44
                                                                                                Steadfast Venture Capital, Clayton Venture Partners,
       45.   Sep-18   Migo                     Mobility as a Service                            Hyundai, Thayer Ventures                                          9
                                                                                                Menlo Ventures, Bain Capital, Y Combinator, Hyde Park
       46.   Sep-18   Shipbob                  eCommerce Fulfillment                            Venture                                                           40

       47.   Sep-18   Excelfore Corporation    Connected Car Systems                            Molex, Hella                                                      4
                                                                                                Accel Partners, Battery Ventures, Salesforce Ventures,
       48.   Aug-18   Narvar                   Customer Experience Software                     Scale Venture Partners                                            30

       49.   Aug-18   Shadowfax Technologies   Last Mile Platform                               Eight Roads, Mirae Global, NGP Capital, QUALCOMM                  22
                                                                                                FirstMark, F-Prime Capital , Georgian Partners, Goldman
       50.   Aug-18   TraceLink                Serialization Compliance                         Sachs, Volition Capital, Vulcan Capital, Willett Advisors         93

       51.   Aug-18   Kobo Logistics           Shipping Marketplace                             Y Combinator                                                      ND

       52.   Aug-18   Xentral ERP Software     ERP                                              Freigeist Capital                                                 ND
                                                                                                Cross Culture Ventures, QUALCOMM, Defy Partners,
       53.   Aug-18   Airspace Technologies    Shipping Platform                                Schematic Ventures                                                8

       54.   Aug-18   SKUPOS                   C-Store Analytics                                Toba Capital, Lamp Post Ventures, Loup Ventures                   6

       55.   Aug-18   Newman Cloud             Manufacturing BOM                                ND                                                                4

       56.   Aug-18   Routeique                Logistics and Delivery                           Lancaster Investments Ltd.                                        ND

       57.   Jul-18   Ninjacart                AG B2B Platform                                  NRJN Trust, Accel                                                 5
                                                                                                Franklin Templeton, Generation Investment Management,
       58.   Jul-18   Optoro                   Reverse Logistics                                Revolution Growth, Tenfore Holdings                               75

       59.   Jul-18   Appetize Technologies    POS                                              ND                                                                14

       60.   Jul-18   Ocean Freight Exchange   Ocean TMS                                        Foundation Capital, NextView Ventures                             3

                                                                          Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                         39
Private Placements 2018 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

              Date    Company                     Sector                                          Investors                                                 Investment ($M)

       61.   Jul-18   Trax Technology Solutions   Retail Analytics                                Boyu Capital, DC Thomson                                       125

       62.   Jun-18   Yoobic                      Merchandising Compliance                        Insight Venture Partners, Felix Capital                         25

       63.   Jun-18   Noodle Analytics            Supply Chain AI                                 Dell, TPG                                                       35
                                                                                                  33Capital Group, Aura Funds Management, Pearle
       64.   Jun-18   TradeGecko                  Inventory Management                            Ventures                                                        10
                                                                                                  Omnes Capital,Cambon Partners, 360° Capital, Ring
       65.   Jun-18   Tiller Systems              POS                                             Capital                                                         14

       66.   Jun-18   Exotec Solutions            WMS Robotics                                    360 Capital Partners, Breega Capital SARL, Iris Capital         18

       67.   Jun-18   LevaData                    AI Sourcing Platform                            Tola Capital                                                    12

       68.   Jun-18   Paradata                    Supply Chain Analytics                          ND                                                              10

       69.   Jun-18   OCS Asset Solutions         Retail and Asset Services                       LDC                                                             17

       70. May-18     GPS Insight                 Fleet Management                                Bregal Sagemount                                                ND

       71. May-18     Tradeshift                  eProcurement                                    Goldman Sachs, PSP Investments                                 250

       72. May-18     GTG Technology              TMS                                             The Firmament Group                                             ND

       73. May-18     Maintenance Assistant       CMMS                                            BuildGroup                                                      12

       74. May-18     Pensa Systems               Inventory Management                            ATX Seed Ventures, ZX Ventures                                  2

       75. May-18     Gravity Supply Chain        Supply Chain Visibility                         Wavemark Partners                                               7

       76. May-18     Alloy Technologies          Inventory Management                            Menlo Ventures, Eight Partners                                  12

       77. May-18     Toolsgroup                  Planning and Forecasting                        Accel-KKR                                                       ND

       78. May-18     Raven Telemetry             Manufacturing AI                                ND                                                              6

       79.   Apr-18   TradeDepot                  Retail Distribution                             Partech Partners                                                3

       80.   Apr-18   Retailisation               Inventory Management                            Nimbus Ventures                                                 ND

                                                                            Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                       40
Private Placements 2018 (cont’d.)

($US in millions)

              Date    Company                  Sector                                           Investors                                                      Investment ($M)
                                                                                                Ward Ferry, CapitalG, China Reform Fund Management,
       81.   Apr-18   Guiyang Huochebang       Truck Logistics Platform                         SoftBank                                                            1,900

       82.   Apr-19   Global-e                 e-Commerce Logistics                             Apax Partners                                                        20
                                                                                                Chicago Ventures, Eight Partners, Emergence Capital,
       83.   Apr-18   Project44                Shipping Platform                                Omidyar, OpenView, Pritzker Group                                    35
                                                                                                Grotech Ventures, IDEA Fund Partners, TechOperators,
       84.   Apr-18   Ceterus                  Accounting / Reporting                           Alerion Ventures, Harbert Growth Partners                            10
                      Green Mountain
       85.   Apr-18   Technology               Parcel Spend Management                          Accel-KKR                                                            ND

       86.   Apr-18   Xeeva                    Procurement                                      Peak Equity                                                          40

       87.   Apr-18   GrocerKey                eCommerce Fulfillment                            Woodman's Food Markets, Dunnhumby Ventures                           3

       88.   Apr-18   Loadshare                SME Logistics Platform                           Matrix Partners, Stellaris Venture                                   5

       89.   Apr-18   Platform Science         IoT Fleet Management                             Schneider National, Eight Partners                                   ND

       90.   Apr-18   Arviem                   Cargo Trucking                                   Nest, SICPA Security, Swisscom, Verve Capital                        10
                                                                                                Innogy Ventures, Schneider Electric Energy, Strandview
       91.   Apr-18   Qmerit                   WF Management / Procurement                      Capital                                                              12

       92.   Apr-18   OrderMyGear              eCommerce                                        Susquehanna Growth Equity                                            35
                                                                                                Menlo Ventures, Norwest Venture, iRobot, Eclipse
       93.   Apr-18   6 River Systems          WMS Robotics                                     Ventures                                                             25
                      Advanced Manufacturing                                                    Highland Capital Partners, Insight Venture Partners, Ireland
       94.   Mar-18   Control Systems          Waste Management ERP                             National Pensions Reserve Fund                                      123

       95.   Mar-18   CargoBot                 Cargo Management Platform                        ND                                                                   3

       96.   Mar-18   C3 IoT                   IoT Enterprise Platform                          The Rise Fund, TPG, Sutter Hill, Breyer Capital                     106

       97.   Mar-18   Contguard                Shipment Monitoring                              Citi, Canaan Partners                                                ND
                                                                                                Institutional Venture Partners, Index Ventures, Scale
       98.   Mar-18   KeepTruckin              Fleet Management                                 Venture Partners, GV                                                 50

       99.   Mar-18   Eximchain                SC Blockchain Network                            Kinetic Capital, INBlockchain, FBG Capital                           20

     100.    Mar-18   ecMarkets                Order Management                                 Luminate Capital Partners                                            ND

                                                                          Source: CapIQ, 451 Research                                                                            41
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