SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements - The path to a flyover - a summary of investigations
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Overview Connecting people is key to Rolleston being a great place to live – connecting people to places of work and play, community facilities, essential services and local businesses. Selwyn District continues to grow rapidly. Based on current The Canterbury Package is being managed as a collective travel choices – east of Hoskyns Road – SH1 through with $125 million tagged for investment in upgrading highway Rolleston could increase from around 24,000 to 33,000 intersections and rail through Rolleston*. vehicles over the next 20 years. This will make it harder for In mid-2021, Waka Kotahi shared draft plans for Rolleston people to access Rolleston township and industrial areas, with the community for feedback. These were based on past leading to rat-running, risk taking and increasing safety issues transport investigations and preliminary project analysis. at uncontrolled intersections, and Hoskyns Road and Walkers Road level crossings. The draft proposal included safety changes to four highway intersections – as well as a new flyover designed to connect Investing in roads, rail, walking and cycling will mean people Rolleston’s residential and industrial areas over the highway can travel through and around Rolleston more safely. Travel and rail line and provide improved walking, cycling and public times will be more reliable and having more travel choice will transport facilities. benefit the community, the environment and help to grow the economy. Improving the connection between town and Included in feedback from the community were requests for industrial areas will make it easier to shop and support local better connectivity to all areas and for more information on businesses instead of driving to Christchurch. how the flyover alignment was decided upon – including the various options that were considered and the rationale. In early 2020, the government announced the New Zealand Upgrade Programme (NZUP), a multi-billion dollar Since consultation, we have considered community feedback, infrastructure package to improve roads, rail, hospitals and undertaken further transport analysis and reassessed the schools around the country. This includes a $8.7 billion options for Rolleston against a range of factors. An option investment across road, rail, public transport and walking and which better suits competing community needs has emerged cycling infrastructure. which is what Waka Kotahi is recommending for the next round of public consultation. Among other projects, Waka Kotahi NZ Transport Agency and KiwiRail are responsible for delivering road and This document is a summary of the options we considered rail projects which includes a $300 million package of and how we arrived at a preferred alignment. improvements for Canterbury. * Includes contingencies. Investing in roads, rail, walking, cycling and public transport will mean people can travel through and around Rolleston more safely. Travel times will be more reliable and having more travel choice will benefit the community, the environment and help to grow the economy. Improving the connection between town and industrial areas will make it easier to shop and support local businesses instead of driving to Christchurch. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 2
Background Rolleston began as a railway stop back in 1866. In the 1970s Prime Minister Norman Kirk heralded Rolleston as the ‘Town of the Future’, expecting a town of less than 1,000 to grow to a city of 80,000 people. Rapid population growth meant more and more people would improve connections between the residential and crossing the highway and rail line. industrial sides of Rolleston, improve safety – reduce the number of people being killed and seriously injured in crashes In 2000, a strategic transportation study was undertaken – as well as provide a more resilient and sustainable road and to look at how traffic congestion to the west and south of rail network. Christchurch could be reduced over the next 10-15 years. A flyover would separate local traffic (including To support this growth, the Christchurch pedestrians, cyclists and buses) from state Rolleston and Environs Transportation highway traffic, making travel much safer Study, or CRETS was adopted in 2007. Early and more reliable in all directions. CRETS recommend the following investigations Because the separation of traffic and improvements: showed a multi-modal rail removes the risk of a train/ • Extending the Southern flyover would improve vehicle collision, the safety benefits Motorway from Halswell connections between the of a flyover for people using the Junction Road to south of residential and industrial sides of road and rail are substantial. Templeton Rolleston, improve safety – reduce the To protect land and provide • Improving roading links number of people being killed and for the flyover, a reference was between the growing townships seriously injured in crashes – as included on all Land Information of Rolleston, Lincoln and well as provide a more resilient Memorandums (LIMS) in 2007/8 Prebbleton and sustainable road and in the Greater Christchurch area • Improving connections to rail network. of Selwyn to cater for long term Christchurch and between Rolleston growth. (Apart from a system glitch for and SH1. a short period when some urban subdivided As part of the study, the district arterial road properties were missed). As part of its Long- network was confirmed and the Weedons interchange Term Plan (LTP) 2015/2025 Selwyn District Council was identified as the primary access from the north and a signalled major transport projects planned as part of Stage flyover (and other options) identified to improve township Two of the Christchurch Southern Motorway and the need connectivity. This was based on increasing safety risks and to connect Rolleston Township areas across SH1 and Main delays at the Hoskyns Road and Rolleston Drive North traffic Railway Lines (as identified in CRETS which was adopted in signals and the rail level crossing and alternative solutions 2007). being impractical or more expensive. It was becoming clear Draft LTP consultation with the public included a skewed that Rolleston was outgrowing the joint traffic signals/level flyover alignment and question asking if a Rolleston SH1 crossing and that upgrades were required. flyover was supported – 70 per cent responded yes. (SDC LTP These early investigations showed a multi-modal flyover 2015-2025 pages 66-67.) SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 3
The case for investment in Rolleston Around 2010, the establishment of the Izone Industrial Park and development of Canterbury’s emerging inland port and freight hub formed the industrial side of Rolleston, while large blocks of rural land were opened up for residential subdivisions on the other side of SH1 and the Main South Line. This development was further accelerated because of people needing to resettle following the Canterbury earthquakes. Building on the adoption of CRETS, in 2015 transport partners The benefits of investment were identified as: led by Waka Kotahi developed a business case for change to • Aligned land-use and transport infrastructure investment ensure the Rolleston Industrial Zone could continue to grow leading to better value for money and more economic while ensuring safe, efficient and effective transport access, certainty without compromising the longer-term options for the wider • Reduced deaths and serious injuries and social cost of transport network. crashes The programme business case considered the steady growth • Reliable and predictable journey times to and from in heavy vehicle traffic and access issues between Rolleston Rolleston IZone and Christchurch and Rolleston’s Industrial Zone and looked • Improved freight supply chains, logistics and economic to come up with solutions. productivity: optimised rail operations, reduced travel time The main problems were found to be: delays, queues and safety issues. • The current transport improvement programme was not The programme business case then focused on where the keeping up with the fast pace of land development in problems were mainly located and predicted to worsen, the Rolleston industrial and residential areas. This was including residential and industrial land use development, resulting in poor travel route choices by drivers, safety vehicle type, crash data, and locations where delays were and efficiency concerns and poor connection (severance most likely to occur. issues) across the state highway and rail line as well as The Programme Business Case looked at confirming a sub-optimal investment opportunities strategic case for Rolleston, developing a list of alternatives • An increase in heavy vehicles to and from the industrial and options for infrastructure investment – a long list zone resulting in more risky turns causing crashes of possible programmes with a long-term view – which • An increase in cars to and from the industrial zone attracted NZUP investment. resulting in delays, queues and unreliable travel time At the same time residential and industrial land use • An increase in the number of trains resulting in more continued to grow rapidly leading to Selwyn being one of the traffic hold-ups at the level crossing, causing vehicle fastest growing districts in New Zealand. queues, delays, and safety issues – restricting freight to an inefficient 40km/h Selwyn District Council has been carrying out road and intersection upgrades on its local roads in the vicinity of • Pressure points in the local road network which were the Rolleston Town Centre to set up its local network to be causing delays, queuing, speed, rat-running and risky ready for any changes. Through its future Long Term Planning turns. processes, the Council plans to adjust programmes to cater for any other Business Case outcomes needed on its local roading network. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 4
NZUP – investment confirmed for Rolleston In January 2020, the government announced the New Zealand Upgrade Programme or NZUP, an opportunity to upgrade infrastructure in main growth areas across the country – Rolleston included. NZUP is designed to give families around New Zealand real choices in how they travel, while making travel safer and more efficient. As a rapid growth town, Rolleston was included in the Canterbury package as a community to benefit from transport investment through NZUP. This new source of direct Crown funding meant key areas for transport investment in Rolleston could be developed to give more certainty for the future. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 5
Public consultation 2021 In 2021, Waka Kotahi presented a first draft of what the Rolleston transport improvements could look like as a starting point for gathering feedback from the community and developing the initial design. This was the first of two planned opportunities for public consultation as part of the Rolleston Transport Improvements Project business case. Talking with the community is an essential part of the Waka Kotahi transport project planning process. This gives everyone an opportunity to have a say on the project, identifies people’s needs and helps inform the best possible solution – when there are often competing needs. It takes not only engineers and planners, but people on the ground who use our roads and rail to come up with the best solution. As well as upgrades to highway intersections, the package we shared as part of our consultation with the public presented a ‘skewed’ bridge alignment connection over the highway and rail line, between the residential and industrial sides of Rolleston. This connected the town’s retail hub with eastern industrial development over the highway and rail line. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 6
The initial proposed draft alignment A ‘skewed’ flyover option plus a package of intersection improvements was presented to the community for feedback in late 2021. This alignment emerged from a multi-criteria assessment undertaken on a range of flyover options pictured below. Bridge alignment D emerged as the technically preferred option, which would then tie-in with Option B [purple] on the northern side and Option B [purple] on the southern side to align with Rolleston Drive North, the main collector road. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 7
The initial proposed draft alignment cont. The flyover would extend over the existing SH1 and the Main South Line and allow for the addition of a third rail for rail operation improvements at Rolleston. (On the While people acknowledged the need to connect both basis highway access would close completely at this sides of Rolleston, the public consultation process location.) revealed some key community concerns about the It was chosen because it offers a gentle gradient draft proposal for Rolleston which prompted further (less than six per cent), had minimal property access investigation. disruption, and delivered on the safety objective of zero These concerns included: harm at the Hoskyns Road level crossing. • Reduced highway access – multiple points should The option also supported the road hierarchy and remain open network plan to keep traffic on main roads while offering • The potential for overloading Weedons Interchange safer options for people choosing to walk or cycle. • Emergency service response times potentially The other options did not perform as well because of affected property impacts or gradient (alignment option A or • Increased traffic on local roads and past schools B), or issues of geometry or constructability (alignment options C and E). • Removing the Hoskyns Road level crossing required travel through multiple roundabouts • Closure of a section of Jones Road would affect access and be detrimental to businesses, services and facilities to the southwest industrial area. Some people commented that a bridge connecting to the east on Jones Road – and then having to backtrack to other industrial areas and businesses – was too limiting. People said they wanted access to all the industrial area and the continuity of Jones Road to remain. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 8
Bringing community feedback onboard With this new community feedback and ongoing analysis confirming some operational and constructability issues and given a fair amount of time had passed since the options were first explored, Waka Kotahi reassessed the options before developing the next set of draft plans. Waka Kotahi values community input and because changes • Fit with the local transport system could be considered on this project that did not compromise • Short and long-term effects on whole transport network – safety (and were within scope and budget) the team was able land use and road hierarchy to undertake robust analysis of the options before developing • Community impact and liveability the next set of plans. • Safety considerations As part of the analysis the team assessed each option • Environmental impacts against the project investment objectives which were: • Highway access. • Safety – working towards our Road to Zero target of The team, including a panel of independent and reducing people being killed and seriously injured on our subject matter experts, assessed more than 25 options roads by 40 per cent by 2030 including: • Connectivity – supporting a more connected community resulting in more economic self-sufficiency and liveable • At grade options: signals, roundabouts, left in/left out Rolleston • Under/over north/south options • Resilience and sustainability – providing a more resilient • Over/under west/east options and sustainable transport network. • Over/under skewed options. Key considerations included: The full list was initially assessed, and seven options were • Reducing the risk of people from being killed and seriously identified for Multi Criteria Analysis that then determined a injured on SH1 and rail crossings shortlist of three feasible options. Safe system approach The safe system approach to transport planning recognises that people make mistakes and are vulnerable in a crash. It reduces the price paid for a mistake, so crashes don’t result in being killed or suffering life-changing serious injuries. Mistakes are inevitable – dying or being seriously injured from road crashes are not. To reach our national road safety strategy Road to Zero target of 40 per cent fewer deaths and serious injuries on our roads by 2030, Waka Kotahi has five internationally proven focus areas. These focus areas, including infrastructure and speed, vehicle safety, work-related road safety, road user choices and system management work together to create a safe transport system. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 9
Bringing community feedback onboard cont. Short list of three feasible options Short list options disregarded OPTION 4 OPTION 8 Straight flyover (plus NB on-ramp) OPTION 10 Skewed Flyover (refined consulted option) OPTION 7 RDN roundabout (signalised) + grade-separated left out @ George Holmes Road OPTION 13 Straight flyover OPTION 24 Tennyson Drive overpass + RDN signal OPTION 14 Tennyson Drive to George Holmes underpass Tennyson Drive overpass + RDN roundabout + SH1 (east-west) flyover + Hoskyns LO SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 10
A revised preferred option for Rolleston Weess Rd Ro H RC dons A new third rail yard HU A southbound service C lane for people exiting track and turnaround R IST area for trains CH SH1 to Rolleston town s Rd centre, highway heading south Jone amenities, and suburbs Weedons Interchange Iport Izone Hosky Dr Business Weedons Park ns Rd Rd A straight flyover Safety improvements - connecting Rolleston left in and left out only township and industrial for Rolleston Drive areas between Rolles t South, Brookside Road, an S Rolleston Drive North Kidm We ton Dr and Tennyson Street and Jones Road i Rd edo intersections Ten Lev ns R Nth nys d d hain R on S Two C Rd ide t Ma KEY sefi oks Wa Rolleston eld Bro Reserve Dr lker Rol Rail network AM Dr leston s Rd R NH Sth Rol Linco New flyover (large trucks BU r lest ln on D on use Weedons Interchange) lest Rd Rol SH1 southbound service lane Main commuter and freight A new two-lane route roundabout at Dunns d es R Spr Crossing/Walkers Roads Local access Low ings Rolleston Dunns Crossing/Walkers ton College Roads roundabout Roll Dun esto Left turn access ns C (Left in/left out at Brookside n Rd Road, Tennyson Street and ross Rolleston Drive South. Left ing out only at Hoskyns Road.) Rd New traffic lights Median barrier Having listened to community feedback, undertaken further transport analysis and comparing to a wide range of possible options again a range of factors, a straight flyover alignment has emerged as the best option for the Rolleston connection across SH1 and the rail corridor. This alignment provides an extension of Rolleston Drive Hoskyns Road and southbound off-ramp from service North through to a new T-intersection at Jones Road. lane to Kidman Street and Rolleston Drive North, enabling people to ‘loop’ back across the flyover to the industrial The main benefits include: area. This distributes highway access to more locations, • A direct connection between Rolleston township via taking pressure off Weedons Interchange and reducing Rolleston Drive North to the industrial area on Jones Road Tennyson Street traffic. These additions were included in and the Hoskyns Road arterial route to West Melton and all options analysed also SH73 • Engineering and construction advantages (less complex, • A direct connection providing for a greater range of multi- lower embodied carbon and visual impact) modal journeys between the town centre and industrial • Retaining full east-west Jones Road connectivity areas – footpath on one side, shared path on the other • Maximising land for future development opportunities • Removal of short-stacking risk at the rail level crossing – adjacent to Kidman Street and Jones Road – including significantly reducing the safety risk to people – 40 near- expanded Park’n’Ride facilities misses and collisions over the past ten years • Simpler bus service integration compared with the • Some highway access is restored with a left out from skewed option. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 11
A revised preferred option for Rolleston cont. Concerns include: • A rise similar to the Christchurch Northern A safer transport network is more efficient Corridor Prestons Road overbridge – up to As well as reducing the risk of people being killed or seriously eight per cent gradient - but still acceptable injured, road safety changes help to improve transport network • Property acquisition is required efficiency. Crashes and other and other speed-related incidents • Some outstanding issues to resolve in design create delays and stoppages, affecting freight timetables and the such as bridge landing point intersection reliability of travel schedules. Businesses that rely on the roads designs and understanding property and as an efficient part of their operation will benefit from transport access impacts. safety improvements. An unsafe transport network cannot be an efficient one. Overall, it is the only option that scores best against the investment objectives. It is the only Planning for the Rolleston Transport Improvements Project has option that achieves a weighted positive score in factored in other transport projects in Selwyn District, which will the Multi Criteria Analysis. It is also the option work together to create safer and more efficient travel for people with the least negative effects. The flyover on the road. Examples include recent and planned local road bridge will cater for all modes of transport upgrades (such as the Two Chain Road connection to Jones Road, and help Rolleston become a more accessible, and Levi Road), the local walking and cycling network, park and self-sufficient township. It aligns well with the ride opportunities (connecting to public transport) – which are all current road network and recent upgrades and Selwyn District Council delivered projects. links with walking and cycling paths and bus SH1 through Selwyn will be made safer and more efficient through stops to give people a range of travel options. the delivery of infrastructure improvements – flexible barriers, This will mean people have safer travel options turn-around areas, changes to intersections and road markings other than their car and the community is better including widening the centre line – planned to extend 46.1km placed to undertake targeted initiatives that between Selwyn River and Ashburton. mitigate and adapt to climate change. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 12
Reasons behind second and third best options The refined skewed option The skewed flyover alignment was initially proposed because result was complex and not ideal. Compared with the straight it offered a gentle gradient, had minimal property access flyover option it required more convoluted routes for all forms disruption, and delivered on a key safety objective by closing of traffic – including people using the shared path – between highway access and completely removing the risk for people the Rolleston Town Centre and industrial areas. Furthermore, at the Hoskyns Road level crossing. the bridge structure is more complex to construct and will result in higher embodied carbon emissions due to 65m Following public consultation and further technical analysis, spans needing large steel girders rather than standard the design was refined to improve access to the highway and concrete beans. east-west connectivity along Jones Road. However, the end Straight over or under the highway from Rolleston town centre (Tennyson Street) The Tennyson-George Holmes connection offers some The team also investigated how people would use the various advantages. It separates out local north-south movements routes in each of the options. from State Highway access and provides good connection A tunnel from Rolleston Drive North straight through to between the town centre and industrial zone. The main Jones Road was ruled out because of the negative effects. problem with this design is it results in increased traffic along These include: the amount of private property required Tennyson and Kidman Streets areas and past the primary including to provide for the structured and drainage as school. Significantly increasing vehicle traffic into these areas well as CPTED considerations. (CPTED Crime Prevention – potentially 15,000 vehicles a day – would be detrimental Through Environmental Design is a well-researched multi- to Selwyn District Council’s vision for a community and disciplinary approach to deterring criminal behaviour through retail focused Town Centre which is a pedestrian friendly, environmental design). The tunnel would have up to 20,000 community hub. Also, this option would still require traffic vehicles per day passing through and sometimes idling as signals at the Rolleston Drive North/SH1 intersection. This they queue on the uphill incline during peak times. Even with would not support a safe transport network or project safety ventilation, this would be unpleasant for people using the investment objectives. As well, highway freight productivity shared path to walk, cycle and scoot etc and could be subject would be negatively impacted if this intersection remained. to flooding during severe weather events. This image shows a jackknifed truck at Hoskins Road level crossing. Kiwirail have reported 40 near misses at this dangerous intersection. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 13
Reasons behind second and third best options Proposed rail improvements A safe reliable and resilient road and rail network is needed for longer vehicles to queue safely at the level crossing to support growth. More rail freight helps to reduce trucks on barrier. This causes vehicle queues, delays, and safety the road, which is safer for everyone. Using rail reduces New issues – approximately 40 near-misses – which has resulted Zealand’s carbon emissions by 488,000 tonnes a year – the in KiwiRail restricting freight to an inefficient 40km/h at equivalent of taking 87,000 cars off the road – saving millions Rolleston. of dollars. Rail freight has 66 per cent fewer carbon emissions than heavy road freight. Other issues include: Rolleston was historically important as the site of the junction • No direct connection from the south on the Main South of the Midland Line and Main South Line. The Midland Line Line and Midland line passes to the southwest of the Rolleston Industrial Zone and • No direct connection to the Lyttelton Port siding from the heads west to the West Coast and Greymouth. The Main south South Line is part of the South Island’s Main Trunk rail line • Inefficient rail operation resulting in additional level (running north and south), connecting key economic hubs crossing closures. in the South Island for freight import and export. The Main Waka Kotahi and KiwiRail explored four feasible options for South Line connects to the Midland Line approximately improving rail in Rolleston. The recommended option gives 700m south of the Weedons Ross Road level crossing and the greatest flexibility for rail connectivity and operational is critical for freight access to the inland ports supporting improvements by: the South Island. Freight connections to The West Coast are critical for these communities and the economy. • Focusing the run around yard east of Midland Port • Removing the need for a third track over Hoskyns Road There are between 20-30 rail movements a day on the Midland Line to the West Coast and 40 rail movements a day • Improving safety with a two-track level crossing north of Rolleston (including trains to Lyttleton Port Company • Left out access only from Hoskyns Road will remove short every day). There are eight movements south of Rolleston on stacking across the rail line the Main South Line of Rolleston. The daily TranzAlpine train • Preserving land at Hoskyns Road and Jones Road for future can stop at Rolleston if people pre-book. development opportunities including expanded Park’n’Ride An increase in the number of trains is resulting in more traffic facilities. hold-ups at the Hoskyns Road level crossing. Because of The Walkers Road rail level crossing will be upgraded as the proximity of the rail line to the highway there are short- part of the proposed new roundabout project at SH1/Dunns stacking issues which means there is not sufficient space Crossing/Walkers Roads intersection. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 14
Reasons behind second and third best options cont. ns Rd Hosky Jones R d Proposed improvements indicated by green lines SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 15
Public consultation 2022 Once the straight flyover option was identified as the front-runner through the multi-criteria analysis process the team engaged with the most affected adjacent property owners. The proposal requires some privately owned land and Dunns Crossing intersection. Feedback from Ia Ara Aotearoa access to these properties will be affected. Waka Kotahi is Transporting New Zealand indicated support for the continuing to explore ways to minimise impacts for these recommended straight flyover alignment. property owners. Most of the land required is owned by Thank you to everyone who provided feedback on the draft Waka Kotahi, Selwyn District Council and KiwiRail. design. Waka Kotahi also tested the proposal with key stakeholders to sound out whether The project will make it easier and safer to get they thought the recommended alignment around Rolleston and provides people with more would meet their needs and provide a transport choices. It aims to improve connectivity workable solution for the community and access between the residential and industrial of Rolleston. sides of Rolleston, improve safety at high-risk intersections– as well as provide a more resilient Overall feedback was supportive of the recommend option. While the option did not and sustainable road and rail network. suit every group’s requirements exactly, people Visit www.nzta.govt.nz/sh1-rolleston to view a fly- appreciated the challenges of meeting key project objectives through video and public consultation brochure outlining and community desires and needs. the recommended straight flyover alignment as well as Feedback from emergency services on the emerging more information including answers to frequently asked preferred alignment was supportive. Their preference was questions. You can also subscribe to updates to receive to prioritise the new roundabout at the SH1/Walkers Road/ the latest project information. SH1 Rolleston Transport Improvements | The path to a flyover – a summary of investigations 16
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