REVIEW June 2019 - Chestertons MENA
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Chestertons Monthly PROPERTYꢀ MARKETS REVIEW June 2019 chestertons.com 1
CONTENTS Economic Overview 01 Residential property 03 National sales 03 London sales 06 New homes 08 National lettings 09 London lettings 10 Commercial property 11 London office market 11 Retail market 11 Investment market 12 Residential 12 Commercial 14 Contact 15 Nicholas Barnes – Head of Research “Welcome to our latest monthly review of national and London residential and commercial property markets.” 2
ECONOMIC OVERVIEW GDP Growth The UK economy slowed in the three months to April, In its June projections, the Treasury’s forecasting panel withꢀGDP expanding by just 0.3% compared to 0.5% in the heldꢀits GDP growth outlook for 2019 at 1.4% but lowered previous three month period. All main sectors contributed its 2020 forecast, also to 1.4%. positively to growth, although the services sector recorded Brexit has temporarily taken second stage to the domestic its lowest rolling three month growth since April 2018. political scene as the process for appointing the new leader Negative monthly growth was recorded in March and of the Conservative Party gets underway. Regardless of April, mainly due to a dramatic fall in car production with who gets the job, the EU has reaffirmed that it will not uncertainty ahead of the original Brexit day resulting in re-negotiate the deal currently on the table, so the rhetoric planned shutdowns. There was also widespread weakness of the candidates appears more to do with getting elected across manufacturing in April and early indications suggest rather than a genuine belief it can achieve a favourable manufacturing output fell to a 34 month low in May. In deal for the UK. response to the bad news, the pound fell to a five month low of 1.256 against the US dollar at the end of May. Figure 1: UK GDP growth outlook 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.7% 1.7% 1.8% 1.0 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 0.5 0.0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Source: ONS; HM Treasury Forecast Panel 1
Inflation & interest rates Annual CPI inflation fell back to 1.9% in May compared The Bank of England’s Monetary Policy Committee held to 2.0% in April, while RPI inflation remained at 3.0%. The Bank Rate at 0.75% in its May meeting. UK 3 month Libor Treasury’s forecast panel has this month reduced its 2019 rates have come down again this month and as at 19th forecast for CPI to 1.8% but has increased its 2020 forecast June stood at 0.79%. 5 year swap rates have come down to 2.1%. The 2019 projection for RPI was lowered to 2.5% more significantly and stood at 0.82% at the same date. but the 2020 forecast was held at 2.9%. Figure 2: Inflation & Bank Rate forecasts 4.0 3.5 3.0% 3.1% 3.0% 3.0 2.9% 2.7% 2.5% 2.5 2.1% 2.1% 2.0 1.8% 1.9% 1.9% 2.0% 1.64% 1.86% 1.5 1.45% 1.15% 1.0 0.83% 0.75% 0.5 0.0 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Bank Rate (Q4) CPI RPI Source: ONS; HM Treasury Forecast Panel Employment and earnings growth The UK latest employment rate remains the joint-highest 3.4% while real incomes rose by 1.5% compared with a on record at 76.1%, while the unemployment rate is also year earlier. Including bonuses, average weekly earnings stable at 3.8%, the lowest since the last quarter of 1974. increased by 3.1%, before adjusting for inflation, and by ONS data reveal that, excluding bonuses, average nominal 1.2%, after adjusting for inflation. weekly earnings for employees in Great Britain rose by 2
RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY National sales market Monthly sales rose slightly in both the UK (1.0%) and lowꢀavailability and affordability issues, sales in the year England (2.3%), but compared to May 2018 they were toꢀMay 2019 were only slightly down on the corresponding lower by, respectively, 5.8% and 4.7%. Notwithstanding period last year (-1.3% in the UK and -1.2% in England). Figure 3: Monthly residential property transactions (non-seasonally adjusted) 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 May-18 Jun-18 Jul-18 Aug-18 Sep-18 Oct-18 Nov-18 Dec-18 Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 May-19 UK England Source: HMRC Annual UK house price growth slowed to 1.4% in April, where prices in the year to April slowed to 1.1% compared down from 1.6% in the previous month, according to the to 1.3% in the previous month. The average house price in Land Registry. A similar pattern was recorded in England, the UK now stands at £228,903 and £245,128 in England. Figure 4: Average annual house price growth: UK & England 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% May-18 Jun-18 Jul-18 Aug-18 Sep-18 Oct-18 Nov-18 Dec-18 Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 UK England Source: Land Registry/ONS 3
At regional level, annual house price growth is strongest in Two regions (London and South East) recorded further price the East Midlands, where 12 month growth to April 2019 falls over the period, with the South East (-0.8%) the worst reached 2.9%. affected outside London. Figure 5: Average regional house price & annual price growth (April 2019) £500,000 4 £450,000 3 2.6% 2.5% £400,000 2.9% 2% 2 £350,000 2.2% £300000 1.3% 1 0.6% £200,000 0 £250,000 - 0.8% -1 £150,000 -1.2% -2 £100,000 £50,000 -3 £0 -4 East North Yorks & West North South East of South London Midlands West Humber Midlands East West England East Avg prices 12 months growth Source: Land Registry The asking price of newly-marketed property rose by an prices. This has helped push the national average price of average of 0.3% in June according to Rightmove. Buyers property coming to market to within £91 of a new record in four regions – East Midlands, the North West, Wales and despite the backdrop of political uncertainty. Yorkshire & the Humber - recorded their highest ever asking Figure 6: Monthly change in average asking prices 3% 2% 1.0% 1.1% 0.9% 1% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% -0.1% 0.7% 0.7% 0.4% 0% -1% -1.7% -1.5% -2% -2.3% -3% Jun-18 Jul-18 Aug-18 Sep-18 Oct-18 Nov-18 Dec-18 Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 May-19 Jun-19 Source: Rightmove 4
Nationally, the supply of new properties coming onto The number of new first time buyer (FTB) mortgages the market is down by an average of 5% so far this year approved in April fell by 5.2% compared to the previous compared to the same time last year, a trend most notable month but was 7.9% up on the same month in 2018. New in parts of the south. In contrast, the northerly regions are all mortgages for home movers were broadly stable (+0.4%) beating the national average: in the East Midlands, new seller compared to March and were 6.4% higher than in April last supply is up by 0.3%, in Yorkshire & the Humber it’s down year. Other key mortgage indicators are broadly similar to by just 0.2%, in Wales it has fallen by 2.5% and in theꢀNorth last year: mean loan-to-value ratios are 78.0% (77.2% in April West it is 2.7% lower. The north/south divide is even more 2018) for FTBs and 67.9% (66.7%) for movers; mean loan-to- pronounced with regard to sales. On average theꢀnumber income multiples for FTBs are 3.50 (3.48 in April 2018) and ofꢀsales agreed for the year to date in the northern regions unchanged at 3.27 for movers. Repayments for both FTBs isꢀdown by 1.7% compared to the same period last year, (17.2% of income) and movers (17.5%) are also unchanged. whileꢀinꢀthe southern regions sales are down by an average Average loan sizes have risen more noticeably – by 3.0% (to ofꢀ7.1%. £168,808) for FTBs and by 3.6% (to £221,399) for movers. Figure 7: Mortgage approvals 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 Apr-18 May-18 Jun-18 Jul-18 Aug-18 Sep-18 Oct-18 Nov-18 Dec-18 Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 First time buyers Home movers Source: UK Finance Investment manager Hargreaves Lansdown reports that – Stabilise house prices to reduce the house-price-to-income ratio. young people aged 18-34 are four times more likely to be – Create a Common Ground Trust to help prospective buyers planning to downsize than those over the age of 55. 12% purchase homes. The Trust would buy the land underlying a of people in this age group say they will be downsizing, house, making the upfront deposit for home ownership much more affordable. In return, buyers would pay a land rent to the compared to just 3% of homeowners aged 55+. 27% of the Trust. would-be young downsizers are tenants who are having to – Replace council tax with a progressive property tax, payable move into a smaller property due to rising rents and stagnant by owners and not tenants. The valuation of properties for tax wage growth. Affordability is a real issue: the average annual purposes should be updated annually, and empty homes and salary is about £30,000 but the average asking price for a second homes should automatically be taxed at a higher rate. home in Britain is currently £308,290, and more than double There would be a surcharge for all UK properties owned by that in London, according to Rightmove. non-residents. – Stamp Duty Land Tax should be phased out for owner The Labour Party’s recently released “Land for the Many” occupiersꢀand capital gains tax for second homes and policy document outlines some major changes it would investmentꢀproperties should be increased. Inheritance tax introduce in the way the residential property market is shouldꢀbe abolished and replaced with a lifetime gifts’ tax regulated. Key proposals include: leviedꢀon the recipient. – There should be free and open access to information on who owns land, including the identities of the beneficial owners. 5
London sales market Land Registry data reveals that annual house price Despite the slight deceleration in negative growth, growthꢀin Greater London has been in negative territory the trend line is still pointing downwards and even the every month since July 2018. In the year to April 2019, continuing shortages of available supply are unlikely to average prices fell by 1.2%, an improvement at least prevent further decline in the coming months as buyers fromꢀthe March decline of 2.5%. grapple with affordability issues and the backdrop of political and economic uncertainty. Figure 8: Annual price growth in Greater London 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0% -0.5% -1.0% -1.5% -2.0% -2.5% -3.0% May-18 Jun-18 Jul-18 Aug-18 Sep-18 Oct-18 Nov-18 Dec-18 Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 Source: Land Registry On an annual measure, prices are now falling in 22 There have been asking price falls in this month for the boroughsꢀwith Southwark (-8.3%) recording the steepest last three years, and while not a recovery, the 2.0% annual decline. The strongest growth was recorded in Greenwich rateꢀof decrease is the best it has been since January and atꢀ3.5%. Meanwhile, Rightmove reports that the price of a considerable improvement on the 3.8% drop recorded newly-marketed property in London fell by an average of asꢀrecently as March. This less severe fall was helped by a year- 0.4%ꢀin June. onꢁyear increase in the price of TfL Zone 3 properties, which rose by 0.5%. All other Zones showed annual asking price falls. 6
Figure 9: Annual price growth by London borough (April 2019) Greenwich Barking and Dagenham Hounslow Hackney Merton Hammersmith & Fulham Newham Croydon Waltham Forest Hillingdon Richmond Westminster Lewisham Enꢀeld Bexley Sutton Tower Hamlets Redbridge Brent Bromley Kensington & Chelsea Havering Islington Harrow Wandsworth City of London Ealing Barnet Kingston Lambeth Camden Haringey Southwark -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 Source: Land Registry Buyer demand in central London remains strong in terms sameꢀthree months last year according to Lonres, ofꢀapplicant registrations and viewings. However, this has withꢀanꢀaverage discount on initial asking price of 8.9%. not yet translated into a similar level of transactions as Despiteꢀavailability at mid-June being 12% down on the buyers remain very selective in terms of quality, location corresponding point inꢀ2018, 46% of available stock had and perceived value for money. The period March-May been reduced in price. Average sold prices between March 2019 saw a 6.8% reduction in sales compared to the and May were 2.7% lower than in the same period in 2018. 7
New homes market The Build-to-Rent (BTR) sector continues to expand, Moreover, recent research into rental levels showed there withꢀthe number of homes in the pipeline up 22% was a strong correlation between BTR rents and existing last yearꢀto 140,000 according to theꢀBritish Property median rents in a new scheme’s location, albeit the BTR Federation (BPF). The headline data suggest that BTR is rents were slightly higher than the existing average. The slightly more expensive than existing rental stock, however distribution of rents indicates it is easier to build studio a straightforward rent comparison ignores the fact that and one-bed units that are in line with existing rents, theꢀproduct offering differs between the two sectors. whereas two- and three-bedroom units are more expensive compared to existing rents. The BPF reports that in the Rents at most BTR schemes include many fees and charges average London BTR scheme, 35% of the units could which residents in “buy-to-let” rented stock owned by beꢀrented at a discount of 20%, or 20% of units could individual investors have to pay on top of rent, for example beꢀrented at bigger discounts.ꢀ internet, utilities, letting fees and even gyms. Many large BTR operators have also done away with deposits, which usually equate to between four and six weeks’ rent.ꢀ Figure 10: London BTR completions: 2009 – Q1 2019 annualised 14000 10500 7000 3500 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (Q1 annualised) Source: Moilor Inner London Outer London Developer Places for People (PfP) and modular housing The homes will be a combination of market-priced and provider ilke Homes have struck the UK’s largest-ever affordable housing, and will initially comprise two-three modular housing deal. The total value of the deal, under bedroom family homes. which PfP will acquire 750 housing units produced by ilke, isꢀreported to be around £100m. 8
National lettings market UK rental growth slowed again in May according to New Government data indicates that the rental housing Homelet. Average rents increased by 1.6% compared stock in England increased by 10,000 between March 2017 toꢀMay 2018, which is down from 2.0% recorded in and March 2018. This rise came despite the introduction April. Theꢀaverage monthly rent now stands at £934 per ofꢀthe 3% stamp duty surcharge, the reduction of buy-to-let calendar month and £776 (up 1.7% compared to May last tax reliefs and new Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards in year) when London is excluded. Rents fell in two regions England and Wales, all of which created added financial strain – NorthꢀEast (-2.1%) and Yorks & Humber (-0.2%) – and for landlords. However, the statistics also showed that privately the strongest growth among English regions was recorded rented housing represented a slightly smaller proportion inꢀEast Midlands (3.7%). of the overall housing stock for the first time in three years: 19.9% of all dwellings in England compared toꢀ20% in the previous 12 month period. Figure 11: Average monthly asking rents & annual growth by region (May 2019) £1,800 3.7% 4% £1,600 2.9% 3% £1,400 1.9% 2% 2.2% 2.1% £1,200 1% £1,000 1.0% £800 0.5% 0.5% -0.2% 0% £600 -1% £400 £200 -2% -2.1% £0 East South West South North Greater East Of Scotland Yorks & North -3% Midlands West Midlands East West London England Humber East Ave rent 12 month growth (%) Source: Homelet Analysis from letting compliance firm VeriSmart suggests that – Tenancies should be open-ended and landlords should lose if households currently renting continue to do so at present their power to evict a tenant who has not broken the terms of the tenancy agreement for the first three years of the tenancy rates then the UK will see more people renting than owning agreement, and should have to provide grounds for eviction a home by 2039. By 2045, 55% of UK households will be afterꢀthat point. living in privately rented accommodation and just 45% will own their own home. The growth of bespoke, professionally – There should be a cap on annual rent increases, fixed at managed rental stock in the Build-to-Rent sector, together no more than the rate of wage inflation or consumer price inflationꢀ(whichever is lower). with various tenant friendly legislation changes, has made renting more appealing as a longer term option. – Buy-to-let mortgages should be more firmly regulated and restricted. Labour’s “Land for the Many” policy document also proposes a major reform of the private rented sector, including: 9
London lettings market Rental growth has also slowed again in London, in spite month of 2018, down from 1.8% in the previous month. ofꢀreported shortages of available stock as many landlords The average rent in the capital now stands at £1,602 have sold properties to owner occupiers rather than to other per calendar month, which is 71.5% higher than the UK landlords. HomeLet reports that rents for new tenancies in average and 106.4% higher when London is excluded London increased by 1.0% in May compared to the same fromꢀthe UK average. Figure 12: London borough monthly asking rents for 2-bed flats (as at 17 Jun 2019) City of London Westminster Kensington & Chelsea Camden Hammersmith & Fulham Wandsworth Southwark Islington Lambeth Tower Hamlets Hackney Merton Richmond upon Thames Ealing Hounslow Greenwich Haringey Newham Barnet Brent Lewisham Kingston upon Thames Harrowꢀ Enfield Bromley Waltham Forest Redbridge Hillingdon Croydon Sutton Barking & Dagenham Havering Bexley 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 Source: Zoopla Barking & Dagenham council will introduce a 5 year The central London lettings market has enjoyed a strong compulsory licence scheme for private landlords on 1st past few months. Between March and May, Lonres reports September this year. Landlords with previous management that the number of agreed lettings was 17.7% higher contraventions and who are “of concern” may only be than in the previous three month period. As at mid-June, granted one year licences. It will be a criminal offence for available stock was also slightly higher (+0.4%) than at the landlords to operate without a licence after 1st September, same point in 2018. Rents remain under slight downwards with a risk of prosecution and a fine. The new scheme will pressure, although in those locations where availability is affect approximately 20,000 households in the borough. insufficient to meet tenant demand, there are signs that It remains to be seen how many other boroughs will rents have flattened. Nonetheless, Lonres reports that in the followꢀBarking & Dagenham’s example. Lewisham Council period March-May this year, the average discount on initial isꢀalready consulting on introducing compulsory licensing asking rent was 2.9%, while 29% of properties available to for private landlords. rent as at mid-June had suffered a rent reduction. 10
COMMERCIAL PROPERTY London office market The construction of new offices in central London has hit Office development in the West End is up 10% on the its highest level in three years, according to Deloitte Real previous survey, while Midtown and King’s Cross also Estate’s latest biannual London Office Crane Survey (Q1 experienced a boost in construction activity, with the 2019). The survey recorded 37 new schemes, including squareꢀfootage under construction increasing by 7% refurbishments, breaking ground in the previous six months, andꢀ65% respectively. adding 3.5m sq ft to the development pipeline. Total office More than half (55%) the office space under construction space under construction in the capital stood at 13.2m sq is already let and for larger schemes, more than three ft, which is 12% up on the amount recorded inꢀthe previous quarters (78%) is pre-committed. Financial services, survey (Q3 2018). technology, media and telecoms have been the main The City continues to dominate construction activity, sources of demand for pre-let space. accounting for just over half (51%) of the total volume Grade A rents in the City currently stand at £55–£70/sq ft across the capital and has also seen a shift in favour of and in the West End at £110–£120/sq ft. large-scale refurbishments versus new builds. Retail market Britain’s retailers are warning of a fresh wave of job losses Meanwhile, UK shop prices in May recorded their second and store closures after consumer spending recorded its highest growth rate in the last six years as retailers tried biggest drop in almost a quarter of a century last month. to combat the effects of high rents and rates and a weak Retail sales in May saw the biggest decline since records pound. According to data from BRC and Nielsen, total shop began in 1995 according to the latest BRC-KPMG Retail price inflation accelerated to 0.8% and non-food prices rose Sales Monitor. On a total basis, sales decreased by 2.7% by 0.2%, although food inflation decelerated to 1.8%. in May, compared to an increase of 4.1% in May last year, Given the poor retail performance, the latest consumer the weakest performance since it began its monthly survey confidence survey results appear counter-intuitive. in 1995. Like-for-like sales decreased by 3% compared to British consumer confidence has reached its highest level the same period last year, marking the steepest like-for-like since September last year, thanks to an improvement in decline since December 2008. Food sales dropped for the sentiment around personal finances and a less pessimistic first time since June 2016 and even online sales of non- view of the year ahead. According to the latest Consumer food products only grew 1.5%, which is against a growth Confidence Index from GfK, consumer sentiment rose to ofꢀ11.5% in May last year. Meanwhile, online penetration -10 in May compared to April’s index reading -13, although rates increased to 30.3%, up from 28.2% in May 2018. the results remain comfortably in negative territory. Latest footfall data are also not encouraging. The BRC Retail rents in London have come under downwards Springboard tracker reports that footfall dropped by 3.5% pressure this year as vacancy rates have edged upwards. in May, as the UK experienced what was called “the worst Prime West End vacancy rates nonetheless remain low at footfall figures in six years” with declines in every region. just over 3%. Prime Zone A rents in Q1 were down by as High streets, retail parks and shopping centres all suffered. much as 6%-8% in some locations although were broadly Inclement weather and ongoing political and economic stable in others. uncertainty were blamed for the poor figures. Highꢀstreet visits declined by 4.8%, retail park footfall was down by 0.8% and shopping centre footfall fell by 3.6% in May. 11
INVESTMENT MARKET Residential Figure 13: BTL Mortgage Lending (number of loans approved) 18,000 16,200 14,400 12,600 10,800 9,000 7,200 5,400 3,600 1,800 0 Apr-18 May-18 Jun-18 Jul-18 Aug-18 Sep-18 Oct-18 Nov-18 Dec-18 Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 House purchase Remortgage Source: UK Finance The introduction of the Tenant Fees’ Act 2019 is facing many landlords remain active. The number of approved considerable opposition from landlords and agents, but buy-to-let (BTL) mortgage loans rose for the second month despite survey evidence suggesting that this will trigger in a row in April – by 2% - but was flat compared to April an exodus from the sector – in particular the removal of last year. Re-mortgaging jumped by 9.1% compared to the Section 21 Notices – the level of mortgage activity suggests previous month, but was also flat compared to April 2018. 12
Figure 14: gross initial yields for 2-bed flats (at 20 June 2019) Barking & Dagenham Bexley Havering Sutton Merton Redbridge Croydon Hammersmith & Fulham Newham Hounslow Ealing Brent Westminster Greenwich Lewisham Enfield Hillingdon Harrowꢀ Kingston Bromley Waltham Forest Wandsworth Camden Barnet Tower Hamlets Islington Richmond Haringey City of London Kensington & Chelsea Southwark Lambeth Hackney 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Source: Zoopla & Chestertons Research There has been an increase in the number of older people Over 55s now account for 39% of all buy-to-let mortgages investing in the buy-to-let sector according to a report from and re-mortgages. Commercial Trust, which saw borrowers aged between 65 Greystar Real Estate Partnersꢀis planning to raise £750m for and 75 increase their share of BTL mortgage applications its first UK built-to-rent fund. TheꢀGreystarꢀUK Multifamily by 5.4% in 2018. The increase is due partly to an increase Fund I (GSUM I) is the first in a planned series of UK rental in the number of mortgage lenders that have increased housing funds targeting purpose-built, institutional-quality their maximum age at the end of the mortgage term rental properties in London. Greystar currently has more from 75 to 85 years, while also pushing up their maximum than 3,500 units under development in the UK and nearly mortgage term. A requirement for an income supplement £5bn in assets under management. in retirement is also a major reason behind the increase. 13
Commercial Investor appetite for London, from both UK and The MSCI average equivalent office yield in the City overseasꢀinvestors, remains strong but a shortage of softened to 5.45% in May as did the net initial yield available opportunities of sufficiently high quality is which stands at 4.43%, the highest since August 2014. limiting the number of actual transactions. The shortage The MSCI average net initial yield in the West End moved of opportunities has resulted in an increase in competitive out marginally to 3.66%. Prime City office yields remain bidding for the available good quality stock while between 4.00%-4.50% and West End prime yields are investors are also more open to off market deals. In the atꢀ3.25%-3.75%. City, theꢀlargest deal in May was the Mormon Church’s Outside London, UAE-based financial services company £100mꢀpurchase of 10 Noble Street, EC2, reflecting a Gulf Islamic Investments (GII) has acquired an office netꢀinitial yield of 4.4%. building in Birmingham for £140m, claimed to be the Mayfair Capital has reportedly agreed a deal to buy the UK’sꢀlargest office transaction outside of the capital so Bonhill office building in Shoreditch from Legal & General farꢀthis year. (L&G) for around £110m. L&G bought the 114,543 sq ft 2019 has seen an increase in the number of occupiers building for £62.6m in 2014, at a net yield of around 5%. buying freeholds as a result of the changes brought into lease accounting by IFRS 16, with Citigroup’s purchase of 25 Canada Square for £1.1bn the largest example to date. 14
Hampstead Kentish Town Camden & Primrose Hill Islington St. John’s Wood Little Venice Hyde Park & Marylebone Covent Garden Notting Hill Mayfair Kensington Tower Bridge Canary Wharf Knightsbridge & Belgravia Chiswick South Kensington Chelsea Westminster & Pimlico Earls Court Greenwich & Blackheath Fulham Battersea Park Kew Barnes Parsons Green East Sheen Battersea & Clapham Putney Richmond Wandsworth Contact Chestertons is one of London’s largest estate agencies and has a network of over 30 offices offering sales and lettings services, in addition to a strong international presence including Caribbean, Middle East, Monaco, France, Spain, Portugal, Switzerland and Australia. For further information please contact one of the following: Nicholas Barnes John Woolley Head of Research Head of Valuation T: +44 (0) 20 3040 8406 T: +44 (0) 20 3040 8513 E: nicholas.barnes@chestertons.com E: john.woolley@chestertons.com The contents of this report are intended for the purpose of general information and should not be relied upon as the basis for decision taking on the part of the reader. Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained within this report at the time of writing, no liability is accepted by Chesterton Global for any loss or damage resulting from its use. Reproduction of this report in whole or in part is not permitted without the prior written approval of Chesterton Global. June 2019. 15
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