Physical Education in Greek Primary Schools: Brief Historical Overview and Current Status Manolis Adamakis - Atiner
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Physical Education in Greek
Primary Schools:
Brief Historical Overview and
Current Status
Manolis Adamakis
PhD in Sport Pedagogy and Didactics of Physical Education
24/11/2017 1
Criteria and items for paper
presentation
A. Historical background and development of
compulsory PE
B. Important items of the current national
school system
C. Public - Private schools’ activities
D. Aims and objectives of current PE
curricula and teaching concepts of PS
Promotion of active learning with Physical
Activity at school
24/11/2017 2
National pride
Healthy bodies Eat well and healthy
Learn to love our homeland
24/11/2017 3
Historical background and development of
compulsory PE
776 B.C.: 1st Olympic Games
1834: Modern Greece was established – PE
was included in formal boys’ education
1882: 1st state PE School (Fokianos)
1887: German PE model
1896: 1st modern Olympic Games
24/11/2017 4
Historical background and development
of compulsory PE
1899: Law BXKA
• Compulsory subject for all educational
levels (3 times/week)
• Foundation of School of Gymnastics –
Academic Gymnasium
• Specified the qualifications of specialist
trainers
• Instituted the gymnastic demonstrations
24/11/2017 5
Historical background and development of
compulsory PE
1925 - 1949: Swedish PE model
1950s: Traditional Swedish model was
replaced by pedagogical one, with
difference in the way of performing the
exercises
1960s: Shift from the pedagogical Swedish
model to a competitive form of sports
1988: Shift from competitive sports to
teaching sports as a means of holistic
development
24/11/2017 6Historical background and development of
compulsory PE
2001: PE acquires a cross-thematic
dimension
2010: Establishment of Primary Schools
with Single Reformed Curriculum –
amendment of the existing PE curricula
2015: Transitional year for PE – New
Curriculum, beginning with the Lyceum
school
1985: PE is taught by PE teachers
24/11/2017 7Graphical presentation of the PE teaching hours in
Upper Secondary Education in the 20th -21st
century
PE hours/week
School year
24/11/2017 8Graphical presentation of the PE teaching hours in
Lower Secondary Education in 20th - 21st century
PE hours/week
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
School year
24/11/2017 9Structure of the current national
school system
24/11/2017 10Physical Education hours per week
Pre-school
No structured PE hours
Elementary
2 – 4 hours/week
Secondary
Gymnasium (2 hours/week)
Lyceum (1 – 2 hours/week)
24/11/2017 11Private schools Public schools
Afternoon (paid) activities DAY school
Between 14:00 – 17:00 Proposed by law in 1997
In1999 - 2000 the first 28
school
From 7:00 till 16:00
Today, 3.555 Elementary
Day schools, of which 321
follow a reformed
Curriculum
From 13:15 till 16:00
2 extra hours/day
After-school activities
24/11/2017 12Students should be able to
Demonstrate ability in a variety of sports and motor skills,
which are useful for the achievement of health
enhancing life long exercise and quality of life
Understand and be able to apply the knowledge and
notions of sciences which contribute to health enhancing
life long exercise and quality of life
Be able to develop and sustain a fitness level for health
through their regular participation in a variety of physical
activities
Show responsible social behavior, respect for diversity and
understanding of the opposite sex – develop appropriate
social and emotional skills, which will contribute to health
enhancing life long exercise and quality of life
24/11/2017 14Aims / objectives
Primary Education Lower Secondary
Rank Primary Education
(EAEP) Education
1. motor skill learning motor skill learning motor skill learning
social learning and
personal development and social learning and
2. responsibility
responsibility responsibility development
development
moral and ethical social learning and moral and ethical
3.
development responsibility development development
knowledge,
moral and ethical knowledge, understanding
4. understanding and
development and cognitive functioning
cognitive functioning
personal development forming active, healthy personal development and
5.
and responsibility lifestyle responsibility
forming active, healthy knowledge, understanding forming active, healthy
6.
lifestyle and cognitive functioning lifestyle
building positive
7. building positive attitudes building positive attitudes
attitudes
24/11/2017 15Domains of PE in Primary Education
Grades 1st - 2nd 3rd - 4th 5th - 6th
Psychomotor education
Psychomotor
education Music-kinetic education
Traditional ball games
Music-kinetic Locomotor and ball
games Gymnastic activities
education
Domains Initiation to traditional Track and field events
Locomotor and ball
Games ball games and sports Greek Folk dances
activities
Greek Folk dances Swimming, where facilities
Greek Folk dances allow*
Swimming, where
facilities allow* Swimming, where facilities
allow*
24/11/2017 16Assessment criteria in the last 2 years
of Primary
Evaluation % of the
Criteria Examples
goals total grading
Specific locomotor and manipulative
Motor 40% of the
Motor skill tests for the assessment of
knowledge total grade
traditional ball games education
Specific physical fitness test for the
Physical Biological- 20% of the assessment of the physical fitness
abilities health total grade improvement (strength, speed,
flexibility, e.t.c.)
Effort,
Questionnaires, portfolios,
interest, Moral-
40% of the checklists etc for the assessment of
attendance, social-
total grade the social, moral and cognitive
behavior, cognitive
objectives
knowledge
24/11/2017 1724 November 2017 18
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