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Winter 2020

     How Did
     We Do?   PAGE 4
How Did - Winter 2020 - AF.mil
The Air Combat Command Safety
                                                                                                           Gen. James M. Holmes
                                                                                                                Commander

                                                                                                            Col. Steven G. Owen
                                                                                                             Director of Safety

                                                                                                                Amy Robinson
                                                                                                                     Editor
                                                                                                                                                                        ACCent
         Directorate would like to recognize                                                                     Kurt Reilly                                      Looking Forward
         and congratulate the command’s                                                                           Art Director
                                                                                                                                                      Welcome to the Winter 2020 edition of The Combat
         2019 Air Force Chief of Safety                                                                                                            Edge! In the last issue, we provided a quick overview of
         annual award winners:                                                                   Volume 28 Issue 1, ACC SP 91-1                    fiscal year 2019’s overall mishap numbers. In this issue,
                                                                                                                                                   we’ll dig a little bit deeper into these numbers and provide
                                                                                                                                                   some thoughts on where we can continue to improve.
                                                                                                 THE COMBAT EDGE
                                                                                                                                                      Over the last five years, ACC mishap numbers have
         Air Force Chief of Safety Special Achievement Award:                                    (ISSN 1063-8970) IS PUBLISHED QUARTERLY, BY AIR
                                                                                                 COMBAT COMMAND, HQ ACC/SEM, 220 SWEENEY           steadily decreased despite a continuous demand for combat
         Tyndall Air Force Base Support Agency Team,                                             BLVD (BLDG 669, RM 203), JOINT BASE LANGLEY-      air power in the Middle East and around the globe. A majority
         Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida                                                         EUSTIS, VA 23665-2714. PERIODICAL POSTAGE PAID    of the heavy lifting for this accomplishment occurred                   Col. Steven G. Owen
                                                                                                 AT HAMPTON, VA 23670 AND ADDITIONAL MAILING
                                                                                                 OFFICES. POSTMASTER: SEND ADDRESS CHANGES
                                                                                                                                                   at the squadron level with superb squadron leadership,                    Director of Safety
         Safety Senior Noncommissioned Officer of the Year Award:                                TO HQ ACC/SEM, 220 SWEENEY BLVD, BLDG 669, RM     outstanding daily risk management by frontline supervisors
                                                                                                 203, JOINT BASE LANGLEY-EUSTIS, VA 23665-2714.    and sound safety culture throughout the command.
         Senior Master Sgt. Jacob Q. Kurtz,
                                                                                                                                                      Here at ACC Safety, our occupational professionals have partnered with the Occupational
         480th ISR Wing, Joint Base Langley-Eustis, Virginia                                     DISTRIBUTION: F.       OPR: HQ ACC/SEM.
                                                                                                                                                   Safety and Health Administration’s Safe and Sound campaign, producing multiple videos
                                                                                                 DISTRIBUTION IS BASED ON A RATIO OF ONE COPY
                                                                                                 PER 10 PERSONS ASSIGNED. AIR FORCE UNITS          and safety grams for nationwide use. We have also been working with Headquarters Air
                                                                                                 SHOULD CONTACT THE COMBAT EDGE STAFF TO           Force to continue funding for motorcycle safety training and execute our Fall Restraint
                                                                                                 ESTABLISH OR CHANGE REQUIREMENTS.
                                                                                                                                                   campaign. For weapons, we have developed and implemented a new Explosives Siting

         Combat Edge
                                                                                                 ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTIONS: AVAILABLE TO NON-           System curriculum within our Weapons Safety Manager course to bring all of our weapons
                                                                                                 DOD READERS FOR $51.00 ($71.40 OUTSIDE THE        safety managers up to speed and increase explosives siting proficiency in support of
                                                                                                 U.S.) FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS,       deployed operations. In aviation safety, we have expanded our Military Flight Operations
                                                                                                 PO BOX 371954, PITTSBURGH PA 15250-7954.
                                                                                                 ALL SUBSCRIPTION SERVICE CORRESPONDENCE           Quality Assurance, or MFOQA programs to multiple weapons systems such as the MQ-9,
                                                                                                 SHOULD BE DIRECTED TO THE SUPERINTENDENT,         F-16, HC-130, HH-60 and RC-135s. We have also completed the first two Line Operations
                                                                                                 NOT HQ ACC/SEM.                                   Safety Audits, or LOSAs, in the history of ACC. These audits not only helped us identify
                                                                                                 CONTRIBUTIONS:
                                                                                                                                                   potential hazards within the MQ-9 and command, control, intelligence, surveillance and
                                                                                                 PLEASE SEND ARTICLES WITH NAME, RANK, DSN         reconnaissance communities, but also helped us develop recommendations to prevent
                                                                                                 PHONE NUMBER, E-MAIL, COMPLETE MAILING            future mishaps before they even occur.
         4 How Did We Do? ACC Safety                       14 The ASAP Report That Wasn’t ...
                                                                                                 ADDRESS AND COMMENTS TO ACC/SEM COMBAT               So how did we do in FY19, and what should we focus on for FY20 and beyond? Starting
                                                                                                 EDGE MAGAZINE:
                                                                                                                                                   on page 4, you’ll see a series of articles by ACC’s flight, occupational and weapons safety
              by Col. Steven G. Owen                            by David R. MacKenzie
                                                                                                 THECOMBATEDGE@US.AF.MIL                           divisions that provide some detailed statistics on where we’re at right now. In flight
              ACC/SE, JB Langley-Eustis, VA                     ACC/SEF, JB Langley-Eustis, VA   TELEPHONE: 757-764-8846                           safety, our overall numbers for FY19 went up slightly after an incredible year in FY18. In
                                                                                                 DSN: 574-8846
                                                                                                                                                   occupational safety, we experienced a slight increase in on-duty mishaps and began to see
         6 How Did We Do? Flight Safety                    20 3rd Quarter Awards                 FAX: 757-764-8975
                                                                                                                                                   an increasing trend in off-duty mishaps. For weapons safety, we saw another decrease in
              by ACC Flight Safety Division                                                      THE EDITOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO EDIT ALL         overall numbers from the previous year. In other words, our Airmen across the command
                                                                                                 MANUSCRIPTS FOR READABILITY AND GOOD
              ACC/SEF, JB Langley-Eustis, VA
                                                           21 4th Quarter Awards                 TASTE.
                                                                                                                                                   are exercising sound daily risk management and our numbers are low. However, we can
                                                                                                                                                   always improve. For FY20 and beyond, ACC Safety will continue to advocate for expanding
                                                                                                                                                   proactive safety initiatives such as MFOQA and LOSA. We’ll also continue to work with
        10 How Did We Do? Occupational Safety              22 Annual Awards
                                                                                                 DISCLAIMER: THIS MAGAZINE IS AN AUTHORIZED
                                                                                                 PUBLICATION FOR MEMBERS OF THE DOD.               our partners at the Air Force Safety Center to provide more automated solutions for data
              by ACC Occupational Safety Division                                                CONTENTS OF THE COMBAT EDGE ARE NOT
                                                                                                                                                   gathering and analysis, enabling focused trend analysis for commanders and better training
              ACC/SEG, JB Langley-Eustis, VA                                                     NECESSARILY THE OFFICIAL VIEWS OF, OR
                                                           23 Stats                              ENDORSED BY, THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT,
                                                                                                 THE DOD, OR THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE.
                                                                                                                                                   for safety personnel across the command.
                                                                                                                                                      As you take a look at the numbers in the following articles, take a moment to reflect
        12 How Did We Do? Weapons Safety                                                         INFORMATION CONTAINED IN ANY ARTICLE MAY NOT
                                                                                                 BE CONSTRUED AS INCRIMINATING UNDER ARTICLE
                                                                                                                                                   and ask yourself how you as an individual and how your squadron have contributed to
              by ACC Weapons Safety Division                                                     31, UCMJ.
                                                                                                                                                   maintaining a proactive safety culture that minimizes unnecessary risks while mitigating the
              ACC/SEW, JB Langley-Eustis, VA                                                                                                       risks that we actually DO have to take.
                                                                                                 COVER PHOTO BY                                       Fly Safe! – Grit
                                                                                                 MASTER SGT. RUSS SCALF

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How Did - Winter 2020 - AF.mil
How Did
We Do?
                       The chart below depicts a snapshot of the total
                     number of Class A and B mishaps throughout Air
                     Combat Command from fiscal year 2015 to 2019.
                     Although there have been increases and decreases
                     in totals, mishaps in each category have trended
                     downward from 2015 to 2019.

                                             ACC Mishaps

                    60

                    50
                                                                                  Photos by Tech. Sgt. Matthew Plew

                    40

                                                                                  BY COL. STEVEN G. OWEN               a different major. What was            question: How does statistical        It also provides our Airmen with
    Total Mishaps

                                                                                                                       fascinating, however, was how          analysis and reflection help ACC to   valuable feedback on how their

                                                                                 W
                    30                                                                         hen I was student in    math could be used to develop          meet our readiness goals?             safety initiatives are making a
                                                                                               college, I majored in   creative solutions to a multitude of     The short answer to that            difference.
                                                                                               engineering. As you     complex engineering problems.          question is pretty simple. Taking        As you browse through the
                                                                                               might imagine, there      In the next few pages, you’re        the time to periodically review       following pages, take a minute
                    20
                                                                                 was a lot of math that went into      going to see a lot of raw data and     safety performance numbers            to ask yourself what this data
                                                                                 that degree. For me, the math         numbers; not exactly riveting or       provides leadership at every level    means to you. Where do you fit
                                                                                 itself wasn’t all that interesting.   entertaining stuff. However, before    with valuable insights on current     in the bigger picture? How does
                    10                                                           In fact, if you were to look at my    you deposit this copy of The           safety trends, the risks associated   your daily risk management and
                                                                                 grades for the last two Calculus      Combat Edge back onto the coffee       with those trends, and how they       decision-making contribute to
                                                                                 courses I took, you probably          table, I would ask you to stop for     might shape policy or allocate        maintaining ACC’s readiness?
                     0                                                           would have advised me to pursue       a moment and ask yourself one          resources to mitigate those risks.       – Grit
                          FY15      FY16            FY17           FY18   FY19

                                           Total Class A and B Mishaps

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How Did - Winter 2020 - AF.mil
How Did
We Do?
                    I
                              BY ACC FLIGHT SAFETY DIVISION

                           n fiscal year 2019, Air Combat Command Flight Safety, or SEF,
                           managed an extensive portfolio of aviation mishap prevention
                           programs in support of four Numbered Air Forces, 35 wings,
                           21 weapons systems and over 200 locations across the
                           command. The command’s flight safety division also provided
                    direct support to 10 Class A safety investigation boards, or SIBs,
                    while maintaining major command oversight for 11 Class B SIBs.
                    Additional SEF duties included direct support to three ACC Inspector
                    General inspections, tracking an array of Air Force Materiel Command
                    system safety groups, oversight of 26 safety-related Air and Space
                    Expeditionary Force deployments for ACC personnel, command-level
                    management of ACC personnel attending 43 classes across nine
                    safety courses and four roadshow training events, coordinating for
                    allocations of Military Personnel Appropriation man-days to ensure
                    total force support of Safety Investigation Boards, management of

                                             Class A Flight Mishaps
                                                                                            Photo by R. Nial Bradshaw
                     18

                     16
                                                                                           approximately 700 open SIB            compared to the eight Class              ACC aviation mishaps across four        communities experienced zero
                     14
                                                                                           recommendations, development of       A mishaps reported for FY18              primary categories: fighter aircraft,   Class A aviation mishaps. Our F-16
                     12                                                                    ACC’s semiannual Hazard Review        (which was a new record low for          other manned ACC aircraft,              and F-22 aircraft experienced two
                                                                                           Board, and providing command          ACC Class A aviation mishaps).           unmanned aircraft and air-ground        Class A mishaps each. One F-16
                     10                                                                    oversight of ACC’s proactive safety   Aviation mishaps involve an              operations, or AGO.                     aircraft departed the prepared
    Total Mishaps

                                                                                           programs.                             aircraft or remotely piloted aircraft/                                           surface on landing, resulting in
                      8
                                                                                                                                 unmanned aerial system, while            Class A                                 significant damage to the aircraft;
                      6                                                                    Class A                               flight mishaps specifically include      Fighter Flight Mishaps                  the other F-16 was destroyed in a
                                                                                           Flight Mishaps                        any mishap where there is intent         ACC’s fighter enterprise                crash after the pilot ejected during
                      4                                                                    ACC experienced 10 Class A            for flight and reportable damage         experienced four Class A mishaps        a significant emergency while
                                                                                           aviation mishaps in FY19. This        to a Department of Defense               in FY19, a decrease from six Class      on final approach to the runway.
                      2
                                                                                           represented a 41% reduction from      aircraft while being operated on         A mishaps in FY16, but one more         Both F-22 mishaps resulted from
                      0                                                                    FY16 to FY19, and an increase         Air Force missions. The following        than last year’s three mishaps. In      foreign object damage to internal
                            FY15             FY16       FY17      FY18      FY19           of two Class A mishaps when           charts will compare and contrast         FY19, the A-10, F-15 and F-35           engine components.
                                   Fighter          Manned     Unmanned   AGO

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How Did - Winter 2020 - AF.mil
Class A                                 Class A                                Class B                                                                       Class B Flight Mishaps                              In FY19, SEF led two HRBs: one
      Manned, Non-Fighter                     Air-Ground Operations                  Aviation Mishaps                                                                                                                  in October 2018 and one in April
      Flight Mishaps                          This category includes all Class       For FY19, ACC reversed our                              18                                                                        2019. These HRBs provided the
      For ACC, 2014 was a benchmark           A mishaps that involved ACC            previous downward trend in the                          16
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       commander of ACC with a total
      year with zero Class A mishaps.         fighter, manned or unmanned            overall number of Class B mishaps                                                                                                 of 138 recommendations for
      FY15 and FY16 each experienced          aircraft but did not occur during      with a total of eleven Class B’s,                       14                                                                        either closure or risk acceptance.
      two Class A’s in this category          flight operations. Following two       compared to a low of five in FY18.                                                                                                Across the two HRBs, all but
      before returning again to zero in       spectacular years in FY15 and          This represents a 120% increase                         12                                                                        five of the 138 recommendations
      FY17. For FY18, ACC experienced         FY16 without a single Class A air-     from those five mishaps in FY18                         10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       were closed with either ACC
      a single, but tragic, HH-60 mishap      ground operations mishap, ACC          and to the eleven reported Class B                                                                                                commander risk acceptance or

                                                                                                                             Total Mishaps
      that claimed the lives of seven         experienced a spike in Class A         mishaps in FY19. For comparison,                         8                                                                        acceptance of an alternate risk
      Airmen. In FY19, ACC again had          AGOs with four reported mishaps        FY17 saw ten Class B mishaps,                                                                                                     mitigation solution. The remaining
      zero manned, non-fighter Class A        in FY17. In FY18, ACC reduced          FY16 saw eighteen, and FY15 saw                          6                                                                        five were kept open, pending
      mishaps.                                mishaps in this category to two        fourteen.                                                4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       additional guidance or requests for
                                              Class A AGOs; one was the result                                                                                                                                         additional information.
                                              of a weather event where multiple                                                               2
      Class A                                 sunshades collapsed, damaging          Class B
                                                                                                                                              0
      Manned Aviation Fatalities              several deployed F-16s; the            Fighter Flight Mishaps                                       FY15             FY16       FY17          FY18       FY19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Proactive Safety
      After a stellar FY17 with zero          other AGO occurred during E-8C         For FY19, ACC experienced three                                                                                                   In FY19, SEF managed the
      aviation fatalities, ACC experienced    aircraft maintenance operations        fighter Class B mishaps; a 50%                                      Fighter          Manned        Unmanned    AGO                Military Flight Operations Quality
      two FY18 mishaps that resulted          as the result of a catastrophic        increase from two mishaps in                                                                                                      Assurance, or MFOQA, program
      in one or more fatalities. In FY18,     failure during an engine run. In       FY18; however, the three mishaps                                                                                                  for five mission design systems:
      we lost one Airman, Thunderbird         FY19, the ACC trend line leveled,      in FY19 is lower than the four                                                                                                    the RC-135, F-16C, MQ-9, HC-
      4, following a G-force-induced          with another two Class A AGO           Class B mishaps reported in FY17,                                                                                                 130J and HH-60G. The HH-60G
      loss of consciousness during            mishaps. Both of the FY19              and significantly lower than the          Class B                                             Class B                             was added to the ACC repertoire
      training; we also lost seven highly     mishaps occurred on the F-35,          seven and nine mishaps reported           Manned, Non-Fighter                                 Air-Ground Operations               of MFOQA products during FY19.
      capable and highly trained combat       and both are attributed to internal    in FY15 and FY16, respectively.           Flight Mishaps                                      In FY19, ACC experienced three
      Airmen when their HH-60, flying         engine damage from foreign object      The F-15 and F-16 communities             For non-fighter manned aircraft,                    Class B air-ground operation        For the Airman Safety Action
      in support of Operation Inherent        debris.                                both experienced zero Class B             ACC experienced four Class B                        mishaps; a level trend from         Program, SEF tracked 149
      Resolve, contacted power lines                                                 mishaps. The A-10 community               aviation mishaps in FY19, a five-                   FY18, but 50% less than the         submissions; this represents an
      and subsequently crashed. In                                                   experienced two Class B aviation          year high when compared to three                    five-year high of six mishaps in    approximate 50% increase from
      FY19, ACC returned to another           Class A                                mishaps: one as a result of an            in FYs 15 and 17, two in FY16,                      FY16. An RQ-4 sustained landing     FY18’s numbers of just over one
      benchmark year with zero aviation       Destroyed Aircraft                     engine seizure, and the other as          and zero in FY18. Two of the                        gear damage when the aircraft       hundred submissions. Of the 149
      fatalities.                             ACC saw a reduction in destroyed       a result of an engine fire inflight*.     Class B manned aviation (non-                       departed the prepared surface       submissions, 38 were duplicate
                                              aircraft from FY18 (four aircraft)     The F-22 community experienced            fighter) mishaps are attributable                   during a taxi operation. An F-15    submissions, and 104 were
                                              to FY19 (three aircraft). One          an inflight lightning strike that         to the E-3 (one with an engine                      aircraft aborted a taxi operation   transferred into investigation status
      Class A                                 F-16 and two MQ-9 aircraft were        resulted in Class B damages. It is        compressor stall on takeoff, the                    due to high engine temperatures.    for further action.
      Unmanned Flight Mishaps                 destroyed in FY19: the F-16 was        worth mentioning that the F-35            other with an engine fire during                    Additionally, an F-22 sustained
      For our unmanned community,             the previously mentioned aircraft      does not have any recorded Class          a touch-and-go*), one to the                        damage during a gun system          Lastly, SEF completed a
      ACC experienced four Class A            that was destroyed in a post-          B mishaps in ACC over the past            T-38 when the landing gear                          download operation.                 simultaneous multi-aircraft
      mishaps in FY19; a two-fold total       ejection crash, and the two MQ-9       five fiscal years, and is therefore       collapsed on landing, and one to                                                        Line Operations Safety Audit,
      increase from the two mishaps           aircraft destroyed were due to         omitted from further Class B              a parachuting mishap where the                                                          or LOSA. This was the second
      reported in FY18. This total,           loss of thrust for one aircraft, and   discussions here.                         jumper was injured.                                 Flight Mishap                       LOSA ever accomplished in
      although higher than last year, still   a lost link with the pilot’s control      *Of note, the referenced                  *Of note, the referenced                         Recommendation Management           ACC and studied the E-3, E-8
      represents a significant reduction      station for the other aircraft.        engine fire in flight mishap was          engine fire in flight mishap was                    ACC’s Hazard Review Board,          and RC-135 aircraft for insights
      when compared to FY15, FY16,                                                   subsequently downgraded to a              subsequently downgraded to a                        or HRB, addressed the status        into operations and threat and
      and FY17 statistics (ten, nine and                                             Class C incident after the end of         Class C incident after the end of                   of open recommendations and         error management by aircrews.
      seven Class A’s, respectively).                                                the fiscal year.                          the fiscal year.                                    RACS from all disciplines and       It is noteworthy to mention
      Although the sunset of the MQ-1                                                                                                                                              all mishap classes. Aviation SIB    that the flight observations,
      in FY17 contributed significantly                                                                                                                                            recommendations are addressed       data analysis and generation of
      to the overall reduction in total                                                                                        Class B                                             here in more detail.                recommendations for the ACC
      mishaps over the past two years,                                                                                         Unmanned Flight Mishaps                                                                 commander’s consideration
      the RQ-4 community continued a                                                                                           For FY19, ACC experienced one                                                           happened simultaneously for all
      positive downward trend with zero                                                                                        unmanned Class B mishap, up                                                             three aircraft, and these efforts are
      Class A mishaps in FY19.                                                                                                 from a banner year with zero                                                            a testament to the capabilities and
                                                                                                                               mishaps in FY18. An MQ-9                                                                unwavering dedication to service
                                                                                                                               aborted a takeoff, and the landing                                                      of all involved in the audit across
                                                                                                                               gear subsequently collapsed.                                                            the command.

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How Did - Winter 2020 - AF.mil
How Did
 We Do?                    BY ACC OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY DIVISION

                     O
                                   verall, the 2019 ACC Occupational Safety Mishap
                                   Prevention Program conformance and performance
                                   under the systemic processes of the Air Force Safety
                                   Management System was “Met and Effective.”
                                     Our safety programs continue to be strong across the
                     board. Air Combat Command conducted safety program evaluations
                     in accordance with Air Force Instruction 90-201, The Air Force
                     Inspection System and AFI 91-202, The US Air Force Mishap
                     Prevention Program. ACC Safety recorded 52 deficiencies during the
                     19 Inspector General Capstone and Safety Program Evaluations.
                       Although we continued to make great strides in our mishap
                     prevention efforts, the command did experience one on-duty fatality
                     in each of the last three years; lack of compliance with training and
                     established procedures were cited as significant contributing factors.
                     Complacency and the absence of situational awareness were also
                     trends.
                       Workers must step back and look at the processes; if they do not
                     look right, report them to leadership. Although fatal on-duty mishaps                                                                                                                                                         Photo by Samuel King Jr.
                     are infrequent, commanders and supervisors must encourage
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Class A Off-Duty Occupational Mishaps
                                Class A On-Duty Occupational Mishaps                          a proactive safety culture.            activities, commanders and
                                                                                                                                                                                           14
                                                                                              Individuals must use sound risk        supervisors should emphasis real-
                       2                                                                      management, adhere to and              time risk management techniques                       12
                                                                                              enforce established guidance           such and the Check 3 – Gear,
                                                                                              while encouraging Airmen to take       Plan, Skills process. Additionally,                   10

                                                                                                                                                                           Total Mishaps
                                                                                              care of one another in an effort to    leaders and supervisors should
     Total Mishaps

                                                                                                                                                                                            8
                                                                                              maximize mishap reduction.             stress the importance of following
                       1                                                                         In the area of off-duty fatal       technical order guidance, paying                       6
                                                                                              mishaps, we saw a rise by one          attention to detail and performing
                                                                                              each of the past four years. As a      a job safety analysis. Another                         4
                                                                                              team, it is imperative to stress the   effective mishap prevention
                                                                                                                                                                                            2
                                                                                              importance of practicing sound         technique is to involve both
                       0                                                                      risk management in the off-duty        supervisors and employees in                           0
                             FY15         FY16       FY17       FY18           FY19           arena. To better target off-duty       workplace inspections.                                     FY15       FY16       FY17          FY18           FY19

                                      Civilian   Military    Property damage                                                                                                                           PMV 2      PMV 4       S&R          Misc.

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How Did
 We Do?                      BY ACC WEAPONS SAFETY DIVISION

                     T
                                 he majority of ACC weapons mishaps and incidents
                                 continue to result from dropped or damaged
                                 missiles, to include Small Diameter Bombs. They
                                 result from factors such as failure to correct unsafe
                                 situations, not following technical data, and
                     complacency. In FY19, the ACC weapons safety community
                     experienced its lowest number of total mishaps and Class E
                     events over the last five years. Furthermore, the total number of
                     mishaps in the Class A through D range total just six; that’s the
                     lowest number since FY12. The 2W community of loaders and
                     munitions technicians handle munitions on a daily basis and
                     account for the majority of weapons mishaps in ACC. Incidents
                     involving small arms accidental discharges were the leading
                     category of incidents outside of the 2W community.

                                             Weapons Mishaps
                                                                                          Photo by Airman 1st Class Sean Sweeney
                      18

                      16                                                                   ACC weapons mishaps have
                                                                                                                                                   Top Five Weapons Human Factor Causes
                                                                                         remained relatively flat over
                      14
                                                                                         the last five years. Class C and          Failed to identify/                                      Human factors
                      12                                                                 D mishaps average 3.5 and 6               correct risky or                                       contribute to many
     Total Mishaps

                                                                                         incidents per year respectively. In       unsafe practices                                       weapons mishaps and
                      10                                                                 FY17, there was a spike in Class          Failed to enforce                                      incidents. As stated
                                                                                         D mishaps resulting from dropped          existing rules                                         earlier, the majority of
                       8                                                                                                           (supervisory act of
                                                                                         and damaged munitions. Increased          omission)                                              weapons mishaps in ACC
                       6                                                                 emphasis of negative trends has           Inappropriate team
                                                                                                                                                                                          are caused by failure to
                                                                                         fostered a downward trend of Class        composition                                            follow procedures and
                       4                                                                 D mishaps over the past two years.        Selected individual                                    complacency. Those
                                                                                         The one Class B weapons mishap            with lack of current                                   factors are further
                       2
                                                                                         in FY17 was the result of injury          or limited experience                                  analyzed in this chart
                       0                                                                 from active shooter training and          Performed                                              from the Air Force Safety
                             FY15        FY16        FY17       FY18        FY19         the first Class B since FY09.             inadequate risk                                        Automated System.
                                                                                                                                   assessment - formal
                                          Class B    Class C     Class D

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How Did - Winter 2020 - AF.mil
but should have been

                                                                   BY DAVID R. MACKENZIE

                                                 D
                                                           id you hear the one about the two skydivers in freefall
                                                           that were nearly hit by U.S. Air Force fighter jets?
                                                             You probably didn’t, since neither the pilots nor
                                                           parachutists submitted an Airman Safety Action Program
                                                 report. And unless you regularly read reports from the UK Airprox
                                                 Board, the United Kingdom’s safety investigative body, you
                                                 probably didn’t hear about the details of the parachutists in the
                                                 skies over England and their close call with U.S. Air Force fighter
                                                 jets that roared under them during a jump in April 2019.

     Photo by Mauricio Graiki/Shutterstock.com

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How Did - Winter 2020 - AF.mil
The skydivers were in freefall,                                                                                           The F-15 pilots never saw the
       traveling at about 120 mph                                                                                                jumpers — but even if they did,
       vertically, when a pair of F-15s,                                                                                         there would have been no time to
       flying under Instrument Flight                                                                                            avoid a catastrophe.
       Rules in Visual Meteorological                                                                                               “As they overflew the drop site,
       Conditions in receipt of air traffic                                                                                      it was unlikely that the pilots
       service from Lakenheath Air                                                                                               would have been able to see the
       Base, passed directly under them                                                                                          parachutists and take avoiding
       at about 345 mph. The U.K.                                                                                                action, and in this case they were
       government report shows that                                                                                              unaware that they had flown
       the jumpers were carrying out                                                                                             beneath them,” according to the
       the jump over Chatteris Airfield,                                                                                         report.
       about 90 miles north of London.                                                                                              The board did not specifically
          “Once the parachutists had                                                                                             determine how close this near
       seen the F-15s, there was very                                                                                            miss was, but their report
       little they could do to avoid the                                                                                         indicated there was “Go-Pro
       situation, having no control over                                                                                         footage filmed from the helmet
       their speed or direction whilst in                                                                                        of one of the parachutists” that
       free-fall,” the UK Airprox Board                                                                                          showed the “F-15s were clearly
       report found.                                                                                                             distinguishable in some detail.”
          The pilots were not warned                                                                                                The report further revealed that
       about skydivers in the area, the                                                                                          proactive measures have been
       report concluded. The F-15s had                                                                                           taken “to remind all the crews
       been passed off from Royal Air                                                                                            of the need to avoid Chatteris
       Force Coningsby to Lakenheath                                                                                             parachuting site.”
       air traffic control and during the                                                                                           So all is good since the F-15
       handover, a turn and climb from                                                                                           crews at Lakenheath were
       FL100 to FL110 was given to                                                                                               reminded to avoid the area
       the F-15s to keep them clear of                                                                                           during parachuting operations,
       a KC-135 that was on a collision                                                                                          right?
       course with the formation.                                                                                                   Wrong!
       “Completion of the handover”                                                                                                 As soon as it became apparent
       came “at a busy time,” leading                                                                                            to the F-15 crews that a safety
       to the miscommunication,                                                                                                  risk had been identified, they
       according to the report. The                                                                                              should have filed an Airman
       F-15 lead was not aware that                                                                                              Safety Action, or ASAP* report
       Chatteris Airfield had skydiver                                                                                           so there would not be a repeat
       activity, and this information                                                                                            situation with potentially tragic
       was not mentioned by either air                                                                                           consequences.

                                              traffic control agency. However,      briefing routine and “should
                                              the Lakenheath controller was         either have questioned ATC on
                                              aware of the position of Chatteris    whether it was active before
                                              Airfield, and the board was told      overflying it, or avoided it anyway
                                              that each morning, Chatteris          until they could determine its
                                              Airfield called air traffic control   status.”
                                              to advise when there would be           The UK AIP Enroute paras
                                              active parachute operations. Still,   1.1, 5.5.4.1 and 5.5.4.3 states:
                                              the pilots should have known          Drop Zone activity information
                                              skydiving is a regular activity in    may be available from certain
                                              that area, and “they should have      Air Traffic Service Units (ATSUs)
                                              questioned” air traffic control       but pilots are advised to assume
                                              or just avoided that air space,       a Drop Zone is active if no
                                              the UKAB found. The board             information can be obtained.
                                              members also thought that the         Pilots are strongly advised to
                                              F-15 crews should have known          give a wide berth to all such
                                              about their position and nearby       Drop Zones where parachuting
                                              activities as part of their normal    may be taking place.

16   www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety                                                 Photos by Airman 1st Class Madeline Herzog            THE COMBAT EDGE | WINTER 2020   17
How Did - Winter 2020 - AF.mil
As one of the Air Force             flight bags when loaded with the      areas, or fuels pits – and get the
       Safety Center’s proactive safety       mobile app. The ASAP app can          word out when things don’t look              ASAP allows decision makers        A “Scoreboard” is hosted on
       programs, ASAP is intended to          be used without a live network        right.                                       to address MDS issues and          a secure website for Airmen
       prevent mishaps from occurring         connection, and individuals              By leveraging the technology              understand system-wide             to check any remedial actions
       by enhancing and supplementing         can submit the reports once           of ASAP, we can keep safety
                                                                                                                                 problems across the Air Force      taken on identified hazards
       safety programs and hazard             connectivity is available. For        information flowing throughout
       reporting through an identity-         more information, visit https://      our respective communities and
       protected, voluntary self-reporting    www.safety.af.mil/News/Article-       identify hazards before they
       system designed to encourage           Display/Article/1691626/af-           develop into mishaps.
       voluntary reporting of issues that     safety-goes-mobile/.                     The ASAP program can also
       increase risk to flight operations.       From a tactical aviator’s          provide fellow crews with real-
          To supplement the Safety            perspective, think of ASAP as         life examples of mistakes and
       Center’s efforts, Air Mobility         a “virtual bar napkin” – minus        the events that led to the errors,
       Command is not only pushing            the spilled beverage – that           arming them with knowledge and
       ASAP reporting at all their            allows Airmen to capture lessons      tools to help them avoid similar
       flight training units, but in          learned across multiple mission       errors of omission or commission
       collaboration with AMC, the            design systems and major              like those faced by the F-15 crews
       safety center is also addressing       commands. As the Director of          at Lakenheath in April 2019.
       proactive safety with every pilot      ACC Safety Col. Steven Owen              The potential power of ASAP
       that attends the Global Reach          shared, “There is an old adage        is incredible, and the Air Force is
       Aircraft Commander’s Course, all       that many of the best lessons         just now scratching the surface.
       instructors that attend the Trend      learned in the Air Force were         A recent enhancement is the
       Review and Action Committee            discussed during a social             incorporation of ASAP into the Air
       Orientation course, and all wing       gathering and scribbled down on       Force Safety Automated System,
       and group commanders going             a bar napkin. The only problem        allowing individuals to search both
       through command orientation. Air       with the old bar napkin is that it    the mishap and ASAP databases to
       Education and Training Command         usually rips when you write on it,    accomplish a more comprehensive
       has been asked to promote              it’s tough to share with the entire   trend analysis.
       ASAP use at initial pilot training.    community – especially if you            The future of ASAP within the
       Air Force Special Operations           spill your beverage on it, and it     Combat Air Forces is getting
       Command, Air Force Global Strike       usually gets thrown away at the       stronger every day, and the CAF
       Command, Pacific Air Forces and        end of the evening.”                  relies on not just crews and
       U.S. Air Forces in Europe and Air         A common denominator for           maintainers to highlight safety
       Forces Africa have all benefitted      many of these “undocumented”          issues and errors, but every Airman
       from proactive safety ASAP             lessons learned is that they rarely   to identify hazards whenever and
       reports. Air Combat Command, as        reach outside of the squadron         wherever they are discovered.
       the lead command for Combat Air        heritage room or the local            The benefits mentioned in this
       Forces, has been pushing ASAP          squadron picnic. What if you had      article are just a small sample of
       reporting as a tool Airmen need to     the capability to actually share      why Airmen should ensure that
       use to improve safety. Air Combat      those stories with your entire        the ASAP report that wasn’t ...
       Command’s Flight Safety division       MDS community and the rest            actually was submitted. The safety                                           Document hazards and share
       will continue to hammer home           of the U.S. Air Force aviation        of today’s and tomorrow’s force
       the point that pilots and crews,       community at large? What if           depends on you.                                                              lessons learned – give an
       maintainers, and all other Airmen      your entire MDS community had                                                                                      Airman’s perspective
       need to report safety issues so        a means to share their lessons
       others can all learn from their        learned with you? Well you do,                                                                                     to formal safety
                                                                                    *ASAP is not a substitute for appropriate
       experiences.                           and so do they! File an ASAP          leadership involvement, but instead                                          reporting
          The skydiving incident is exactly   report today about a lesson           augments existing safety reporting
       what ASAP was designed for.            learned – either through the          programs by capturing issues and events
          To make it even easier for          ASAP app or online at https://        not normally disclosed by traditional
       Airmen to report safety issues,        asap.safety.af.mil/my.policy.         hazard reporting and mishap prevention
       the Safety Center released the            For our maintenance                programs. This program involves leaders
                                                                                    and Airmen in the aviation mishap
       mobile version of ASAP reporting,      professionals, keep in mind
                                                                                    reduction process by capturing self-
       the Airman Safety App. The app         that ASAP doesn’t just apply          reported issues and events, analyzing
       enables Airmen at installations        to aviators. There are plenty of      resulting information for trends,
       Air Force-wide to voluntarily          opportunities to identify threats     educating personnel, and developing
       report safety issues using their       on the flight line – or in the        and implementing risk reduction or
       mobile devices – or electronic         backshop, weapons storage             mitigation strategies.
                                                                                                                                https://asap.safety.af.mil

18   www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety                                                                                                                                      THE COMBAT EDGE | WINTER 2020   19
3rd Quarter FY19 Awards                                                                                            4th Quarter FY19 Awards

              Crew Chief Safety
           Tech. Sgt. Spencer R. Presnell
     380th Expeditionary Maintenance Squadron          Flight Line Safety                      Flight Safety                 Crew Chief Safety                                                            Flight Safety
        Al Dhafra AB, United Arab Emirates         Tech. Sgt. Cassandra D. Nagy            Maj. Chad B. Vanderhorst         Tech. Sgt. Jason Haight                                                 Master Sgt. Justin D. Parsons
                                                  93d Air Ground Operations Wing         95th Reconnaissance Squadron       Staff Sgt. Charles Lewis                                               53d Wing Flight Safety Division
                                                       Moody AFB, Georgia                     Offutt AFB, Nebraska          Staff Sgt. Gabriel Lucero                                                    Eglin AFB, Florida
                                                                                                                        Airman 1st Class Preston Lovely
                                                                                                                           23d Maintenance Squadron               Flight Line Safety
                                                                                                                              Moody AFB, Georgia                Tech. Sgt. Michael Paul
                                                                                                                                                             Senior Airman Maxwell Lange
                                                                                                                                                              Senior Airman Luke Erickson
                                                                                                                                                              Senior Airman Trent Kershey
                                                                                                                                                           552d Aircraft Maintenance Squadron
                                                                                                                                                                 Tinker AFB, Oklahoma

              Explosives Safety
           Tech. Sgt. Jacob Maldonado
        4th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron
       Seymour Johnson AFB, North Carolina
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unit Safety Representative
                                                 Safety Career Professional             Unit Safety Representative            Aircrew Safety                                                        Staff Sgt. Brittany M. Boehme
                Aircrew Safety                  Staff Sgt. Donecio O. Burnell-Chester      Tech. Sgt. Adam J. Filer          Maj. Alexander A. Sira                                             4th Equipment Maintenance Squadron
               Capt. Eric Schreck                 355th Wing Occupational Safety           552d Maintenance Group       Lt. Col. Nathan T. Dennen Senior                                        Seymour Johnson AFB, North Carolina
             Capt. Bradly Schneider                  Davis-Monthan AFB, Arizona             Tinker AFB, Oklahoma             Airman Alec R. Wilkes
                 Capt. Joel Paul                                                                                             66th Rescue Squadron
             1st Lt. Nicole Gardner                                                                                             Nellis AFB, Nevada          Safety Career Professional
             Capt. Jonathan Jordan                                                                                                                             Master Sgt. Jason R. Bowers
             Staff Sgt. John Aliberti                                                                                                                      4th Fighter Wing Occupational Safety
            960th Airborne Air Control                                                                                                                     Seymour Johnson AFB, North Carolina
         Squadron, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma

                                                                                                                                                                                                           Pilot Safety
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Maj. Eric F. Prechtl
                                                        Weapons Safety                          Pilot Safety                 Explosives Safety                                                     99th Reconnaissance Squadron
                                                    Master Sgt. Philip G. Gebler             Maj. Cody M. Brown            Staff Sgt. Matthew Shoup                                                     Beale AFB, California
                  Unit Safety                      20th Fighter Wing Safety Office       5th Reconnaissance Squadron    Senior Airman Derrick Schindler            Weapons Safety
        Bioenvironmental Engineering Flight          Shaw AFB, South Carolina                Osan AB, South Korea             Capt. Thomas Vogel            Tech. Sgt. Tremayne A. Huddleston
        55th Aerospace Medicine Squadron                                                                                   Master Sgt. Tobin Bryant          355th Wing Occupational Safety
               Offutt AFB, Nebraska                                                                                      355th Civil Engineer Squadron         Davis-Monthan AFB, Arizona
                                                                                                                          Davis-Monthan AFB, Arizona

20    www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety                                                                                                                                                                 THE COMBAT EDGE | WINTER 2020   21
As of 31 Dec 2019
                                                                                                                                                                                          Flight Notes
                                                                                                                                                                          During the first quarter of fiscal year 2020, ACC
                                                     2019 ACC annual award winners                                                                                     experienced zero Class A flight mishaps. When was the last
                                                                                                                                                                       time the command went without a single Class A mishap
       ACC Outstanding Airmanship Award*                ACC Outstanding Aircrew Award*              ACC Flight Safety NCO of the Year Award                            for the first quarter of the fiscal year? Was it A. FY97, B.
                Maj. Eric F. Prechtl                    Royal 34, 34th Weapons Squadron                 Master Sgt. Douglas P. Johnson                                 FY07 or C. FY17? Send us an email at thecombatedge@
         99th Reconnaissance Squadron                     Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada               461st Air Control Wing Safety Office
                                                                                                                                                                       us.af.mil, and the first three readers to answer correctly will
          Beale Air Force Base, California                                                               Robins Air Force Base, Georgia
                                                    ACC Aviation Maintenance Safety Award*                                                                             receive a token of appreciation from The Combat Edge and
     ACC Safety Special Achievement Award**              334th Aircraft Maintenance Unit                     ACC Flight Line Safety                                    ACC Safety!
     Tyndall Air Force Base Support Agency Team       Tactical Aircraft Maintenance Section             Outstanding Achievement Award
                   325th Safety Office            Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina         Tech. Sgt. Cassandra D. Nagy
             Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida                                                            93d Air Ground Operations Wing
                                                       ACC Commander’s Award for Safety                  Moody Air Force Base, Georgia                                            Occupational Notes
        ACC Safety NCO of the Year Award*                         16th Air Force
             Staff Sgt. Rachel A. Graf                Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, Texas               ACC Occupational Safety                                        The opening quarter of FY20 yielded one fatal mishap
              55th Wing Safety Office                                                                     Special Achievement Award                                    involving an Airman who lost control of his motorcycle in
          Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska             ACC Wing Safety Program of the Year                  Staff Sgt. Justin A. Lawson
                                                     455th Air Expeditionary Wing Safety Office                                                                        a parking lot and hit a fixed object. The mishap is currently
                                                                                                     9th Reconnaissance Wing Safety Office
       ACC Safety SNCO of the Year Award**                 Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan                                                                                under investigation; however, we can’t stress enough the
                                                                                                         Beale Air Force Base, California
         Senior Master Sgt. Jakob Q. Kurtz                                                                                                                             importance of proper licensing, motorcycle safety training
                                                   ACC Wing Chief of Safety of the Year Award
           480th ISR Wing Safety Office                                                                  ACC Occupational Unit Safety                                  and wearing the proper personal protective equipment.
         Joint Base Langley-Eustis, Virginia               Lt. Col. Patrick B. Lysaght                 Representative of the Year Award
                                                        325th Fighter Wing Safety Office                                                           As of 31 Dec 2019
                                                                                                                                                                          Why training? Motorcycle training assists in making riders
                                                                                                       Tech. Sgt. Jacqueline R. Molyneaux
       ACC Outstanding Achievement Award                 Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida                                                                               vigilant and develops presence of mind during operation.
                                                                                                      855th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron
              for Weapons Safety*                                                                         Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada                                Additionally, it promotes proactivity, visual alertness, safe
                                                             ACC Crew Chief Safety
         Master Sgt. Joshua M. Gurchiek                                                                                                                                rider behavior and defensive driving techniques. Additionally,
         388th Fighter Wing Safety Office               Outstanding Achievement Award                       ACC Cyber Safety Award
                                                           Staff Sgt. Shane M. Ginther                                                                                 commanders and supervisors must ensure riders receive
             Hill Air Force Base, Utah                                                                      27th Intelligence Squadron
                                                         334th Aircraft Maintenance Unit                                                                               initial and annual motorcycle safety briefings that outline
                                                                                                        Joint Base Langley-Eustis, Virginia
       ACC Outstanding Achievement Award          Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina                                                                       rider responsibilities and requirements. Finally, all the training
       for Occupational Safety, Category II*                                                                                                                           in the world means nothing if it’s not implemented and
          633d Air Base Wing Safety Office         ACC Flight Safety Officer of the Year Award
                                                             Capt. Ryan P Schleiden                                                                                    riders never leave the threat zone. Good judgement and risk
         Joint Base Langley-Eustis, Virginia                                                       * These winners also represented ACC at the
                                                      461st Air Control Wing Safety Office            Air Force-level safety awards competition.                       management is imperative in all traffic environments.
                                                         Robins Air Force Base, Georgia
                                                                                                         ** These nomineess also won at the
                                                                                                             Air Force-level competition.                                             Weapons Notes
                                                                                                                                                                          Congratulations on an outstanding beginning to FY20. Our
                                                                                                                                                                       mishap rates have decreased since the last quarter of FY19,
                                                                                                                                                                       and we are heading in the right direction. As we continue
                                                                                                                                                                       to support our individual missions – whether storing
                                                                                                                                                                       explosives, loading explosives or maintaining our systems,
                                                                                                                                                   As of 31 Dec 2019   safety is still paramount. Complacency and improper
                                                                                                                                                                       handling procedures are the repeating factors we see in
                                                                                                                                                                       mishap reports. We continue to look for and identify ways
                                                                                                                                                                       we can help you mitigate and reduce mishaps, and we want
                                                                                                                                                                       to thank you for your support. As the new year begins, let’s
                                                                                                                                                                       strive to minimize negative factors and instill our explosive
                                                                                                                                                                       safety professional mindsets.

22   www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety                                                                                                                                                             THE COMBAT EDGE | WINTER 2020          23
Third Time’s the Charm
                    PAGE 8
Would You Save A Life?

                                                       Here
                                                                                                             Our mission at The Combat Edge is to preserve           Have a “safety lesson” that goes along with
                                                                                                           combat power. We do this by preventing mishaps         your story. What did you do that made the
                                                                                                           through education and insight rather than from         situation better/worse? What could you have done
                                                                                                           painful personal experience or the pages of a          differently? How did you feel about it? What did
                                                                                                           mishap report, but we can’t do it without your         you learn? How could this help others?

                                                     Is Your
                                                                                                           help.                                                     We want to make sure a variety of audiences
                                                                                                                                                                  can understand and learn from your story, so we
                                                                                                           Share your experiences                                 recommend keeping the ABC’s of writing in mind:
                                                                                                             In order to provide you with the best magazine       accuracy, brevity and clarity.
                                                                                                           possible, we need your input. We need you                Accuracy – Are you using the right words? Do you
                                                                                                           to share your stories and feedback on safety-            have sources or subject matter experts to back up

                                                    Chance!
                                                                                                           related issues. Your contributions are what make         your factual statements?
                                                                                                           the magazine insightful, educational and even            Brevity – Are you drawing it out or getting right
                                                                                                           entertaining at times. Without you, there is no          to the point? You don’t have to write just to fill a
                                                                                                           magazine.                                                page; write to tell your story and make your point.
                                                                                                             Below, you’ll find some tips to make the writing       Clarity – Are you making sense? This includes
                                                                                                           and submission process go as smoothly as                 spelling out acronyms and explaining unfamiliar
                                                                                                           possible. And don’t worry – we’re here to help!          terms on first reference.
                                                                                                           Please don’t hesitate to call or email using the
                              There I was ...                                                              information at the end of the article. Writing your
                                                                                                                                                                  Finally finished!
                                                                                                                                                                    Not so fast. Take a break, and then read your
                               Inverted ... 12                                               Here, hold
                                                                                                           story should be an enjoyable experience that not
                                                                                                           only leads to you being a published author, but
                                                                                                                                                                  story again. Have someone else read your story too
                                                                                                                                                                  – does it make sense to them?
                              inches from ...                                                my beer ...
                                                                                                           also helps us keep the force safe.
                                                                                                           Ah, the details …                                      Extra credit, anyone?
                                                                                                                                                                    Additional information is always welcome, but not
                                                                                                             Provide a rank, name, unit, base, phone
                                                                                                                                                                  required. For example, if you’re writing a story about
                                                                                                           number and email address so we can contact
                                                                                                                                                                  a distracted driving incident, you could provide

                                                  YOUR story
                                                                                                           you if we have any questions. Without this
                                                                                                                                                                  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
                                                                                                           information, we won’t be able to consider the
                                                                                                                                                                  statistics or tips on avoiding distractions.
                                                                                                           article for publication.

Tell us a story –
                                                                                                                                                                    Photos are also encouraged; however, we
                                                                                                             Although fonts or point sizes aren’t critical, you
                                                                                                                                                                  can’t guarantee their use. Feel free to send high-
                                                                                                           can stick with 12-point font, Times New Roman,
                                                                                                                                                                  resolution .jpg files as separate attachments
                                                                                                           double-spaced if that helps.
                                                                                                                                                                  from the article; please don’t embed the photos.
                                                                                                             There also isn’t a required length, but you want
                                                                                                                                                                  Additionally, we can’t use copyrighted photos
                                                                                                           to make sure you get to tell your story, without
                                                                                                                                                                  without written permission. Please include the
                                                                                                           losing your audience. A good target is about 500
                                                                                                                                                                  photographer’s name so we can give proper credit.
                                                                                                           words, which is about 2-2.5 pages at 12-point
                                                                                                           font, Times New Roman, double-spaced. One              The final product
                                                                                                           double-spaced page is probably the minimum;              Once the magazine is published, we will send you
                                               8 Third Time’s The Charm                                    however, as far as a maximum length – write until
                                                                                                           you’re finished. Don’t drag it out, but do tell your
                                                                                                                                                                  an author’s certificate, letter of appreciation from
                                                                                                                                                                  our director and two copies of the magazine. We
                                                  by Master Sgt. John F. Gilliam
                                                  497 ISR GP/XP, JB Langley-Eustis, VA                     story.                                                 truly appreciate your help in keeping the command
                                                                                                                                                                  – and the Air Force – safe. By sharing your
                                                                                                           Where do I start?
                                                                                                                                                                  experiences, you can prevent others from making
                                                                                                             Take a shot at writing a headline – have fun
                                              12 Not Cool, Calm or Collected                               with it, but be appropriate. If you’re drawing
                                                                                                                                                                  the same mistakes and prevent future mishaps.
                                                  by Master Sgt. Adam McGhee                               a blank – no worries – just move on to writing         Still have questions?
                                                  355 AMXS/354 AMU, Davis-Monthan AFB, AZ                  your story. If you don’t know where to start, try        If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate
                                                                                                           thinking of it as if you’re telling a family member    to call the editor at 757-764-8846 (DSN 574) or
        4 The Hookup                                                                                       or friend – face to face – and go from there.          email thecombatedge@us.af.mil.
             by Rodney Robinson               16 Protect Yourself Against Coronavirus                      Writing in first person is okay in the magazine.         Best of luck, and we look forward to hearing
             ACC/SEG, JB Langley-Eustis, VA       by the Military Health System Communications Office
                                                                                                           And if you absolutely cannot seem to get it down
                                                                                                           on paper, just give us a call!                         YOUR story!
2   www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety                  Cover photo by BoJack/Shutterstock.com                                                                                                      OVER THE EDGE | WINTER 2020   3
BY RODNEY ROBINSON

                                                                                       I
                                                                                           t seems like each year I have one or two lessons
                                                                                           learned to share with The Combat Edge. Not sure if
                                                                                           that’s a good thing or not, but here I go.
                                                                                             My wife and I were helping with my oldest son’s
                                                                                           wedding. My wife was taking care of the rehearsal
                                                                                           dinner plans, and my role was to get all those items
                                                                                           from our house to the wedding/rehearsal location.
                                                                                       Now that doesn’t seem like a big deal –

                                                                                       or so I thought!

4   www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety   Photo by Sista Vongjintanaruks/Shutterstock.com                                                       OVER THE EDGE | WINTER 2020   5
For starters, I don’t own a truck,    However, at the exit just past             Luckily, a Virginia Department
      so I routinely borrow a friend’s        Busch Gardens – Route 199 –             of Transportation truck pulled
      truck. I use it about once a month      there’s heavy construction where        up behind me and put on his
      and tow with it on a routine basis.     they’re expanding lanes. This           flashers. I got out of the truck and
      Item number two, I do not have a        means lots of debris, potholes,         was able to assess the situation
      trailer and for this event, I would     concrete barriers and those             quickly – no damage to the truck
      need a trailer to get all the items     orange construction cones.              and minor damage to the trailer.
      – mainly liquor, beer, soda, water                                              I was able to lift the trailer up

                                                                                                                                   IT IS FAIRLY
      and tables – out to the venue.          Well just as I passed                   and reseat it on the truck hitch.
      Not to worry as my neighbor
      has a trailer that I also borrow
                                              the Route 199 exit,                     Although I couldn’t find the cotter
                                                                                      pin that keeps the hitch on the
      on a routine basis. I know – I          I hit rough road and                    ball, the lock on the hitch still
      should buy a truck and a trailer,                                               worked properly. After looking
                                              off came the trailer

                                                                                                                               IMPORTANT THAT A
      but I subscribe to the adage that                                               at both the truck and trailer, I
      the next best thing to owning
      something is knowing someone
                                              from the hitch on                       determined that I’d be able to
                                                                                      drive the truck and trailer to the
      who owns it.                            the truck. From my                      next exit and take a better
        Anyway, the day of the
                                              rearview mirror, I                      look, which I did with no

                                                                                                                             TRAILER STAY SECURELY
      rehearsal, I had the truck in                                                   issues. To my surprise
      my driveway and I rolled my             could see the trailer                   all was good, but I
      neighbor’s trailer over and                                                     still didn’t have
      attached it to the hitch on the         was now down in                         a cotter pin
      truck, or so I thought. I put in the
      cotter pin in to secure the hitch
                                              the front and under                     to ensure the
                                                                                      hitch stayed

                                                                                                                              CONNECTED TO A TOW
      to the ball, connected the tow          the truck a bit. I                      on ball. Since
      chains – but didn’t cross them, –                                               I was now off
      and connected the wiring harness        could also see the                      the main road,
      for the lights on the trailer. I then
      loaded the items in the trailer and
                                              trailer moving from                     I decided to drive
                                                                                      to the nearest store,
                                              right to left behind

                                                                                                                              VEHICLE WHILE BEING
      truck bed. After a short break, I                                               about 3 miles away,
      called my soon to be daughter-in-
      law and headed to her house so
                                              the truck. Now keep                     and get a pin. Lucky for
                                                                                      me, they had a locking pin
      I could follow her to the wedding       in mind all this                        for the hitch and I was able
      venue. As I pulled out of our                                                   to put it on. This time, I actually
      subdivision and came up to the          happened at about                       pulled on the trailer hitch to make
                                              70 mph in heavy
                                                                                                                                PULLED DOWN A
      stop sign, I heard a thump. I                                                   sure the hitch was seated properly
      didn’t think much about it with                                                 on the ball … and it was! The rest
      the exception of, I had never           traffic. Fortunately, vehicles          of the day was uneventful and the
      heard that sound before when I          around me saw what happened             wedding went on with without a
      towed something. That should            and were able to slow down.             hitch (no pun intended.)

                                                                                                                                    HIGHWAY
      have been a clue for me get out         Another good thing was that I did          I learned a valuable lesson that
      and check the tow connection,           not drive over a pothole while the      day. I’ve always heard the saying,
      but I didn’t. As I drove to my          trailer was off the hitch. If so, the   “measure twice and cut once.” I
      daughter-in-law’s place, every          tongue of the trailer could have        think that applies to this story
      time I came to a stop, I heard the      went into the pothole, causing the      too. I should have pulled on the
      same noise. After meeting up,           trailer to flip up toward the truck.    hitch the first time, making sure
      we hit the road heading up I-64         Thankfully, I was able to get the       the hitch was firmly positioned on
      toward Richmond.                        truck and trailer under control         the ball. I know I got lucky here in
        For those who are familiar            and finally stopped. Keep in mind       many ways – especially since the
      with the Hampton Roads area,            that I was in a construction zone       truck and trailer weren’t mine …
                                                                                                                                                             P
      you know this can be a very             with concrete barriers to my far        You can bet next time I’ll “check                                 TI
      congested road – especially in the      left and cones blocking me from         it twice.”
                                                                                                                                                   TY
      summertime, and today’s traffic         pulling on the shoulder to my
                                                                                       Stay safe, my friends!                                 FE
      was bumper-to-bumper. I was in          right, so I ended up stopping in
                                                                                                                                         SA
      heavy traffic just minding my own       the right hand lane of I-64 … not
      business, but traffic was flowing       a good thing on a Friday around
      nicely and the road was smooth.         1 p.m.

6   www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety                                                                                                                               OVER THE EDGE | WINTER 2020   7
Third Time’s the Charm           BY MASTER SGT. JOHN F. GILLIAM

      T
                here’s nothing like      than 5 miles on the odometer.                  have all the fun, so two months               duty assignment at Lackland Air          Within the first month of living         the dreaded court day came. I
                that new car smell       That was the case for me in the                later, I got an even better Camaro            Force Base in San Antonio, Texas.      in the great state of Texas, I was         sat impatiently, practicing my
                and pulling off the      summer of 2010. My wife had                    – in “Victory Red” with black                   Until this point, I had not gotten   pulled over and clocked at 88              lines in my head. After an hour
                lot in a brand new       just purchased an orange 2010                  racing stripes! With our new cars             a traffic ticket in 12 consecutive     mph in a 65 mph zone. Not only             had passed, my name was finally
                sports car with less     Camaro, and I couldn’t let her                 in tow, we headed to my next                  years … a proud feat for any           did I get a violation for speeding,        called. I stood, prepared to plead
                                                                                                                                      American, I’d say. Well, with that     but a second bonus violation for           my case with hopes the judge
                                                                                                                                      new car came the need for speed        reckless driving. That citation was        would have mercy on me. Before
                                                                                                                                      and looking cool, right?               a whopping $450. Ouch.                     I could utter a word, the judge

                                                                                                                                        Wrong.                                 You would think I had learned
                                                                                                                                                                             my lesson, but no, I had not. A
                                                                                                                                                                             week later, I was pulled over on
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        asked, “How does defensive
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        driving class sound?”
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Visibly surprised, I replied,
                                                                                                                                                                             the same highway for exceeding             “Sounds good, Your Honor.”
                                                                                                                                                                             the speed limit by 15 mph.                    I was extremely fortunate to
                                                                                                                                                                               This was now an even bigger              be offered the opportunity to
                                                                                                                                                                               problem. Since my driver’s               keep my driving privileges. Those
                                                                                                                                                                                      license was issued in             situations could have ended
                                                                                                                                                                                           Illinois, that state has     badly – in a number of ways:
                                                                                                                                                                                                the authority to        causing an accident, injuring
                                                                                                                                                                                                  suspend driving       myself or others, having to rely
                                                                                                                                                                                                    privileges          on co-workers for transportation,
                                                                                                                                                                                                     for one year       or possibly even death. I must
                                                                                                                                                                                                     if you have        say that I’m grateful that those
                                                                                                                                                                                                       three or more    officers pulled me over. Ever
                                                                                                                                                                                                        violations in   since then, I look at driving in a
                                                                                                                                                                                                         a 12-month     different light. I no longer speed
                                                                                                                                                                                                         period. The    excessively, and I think about the
                                                                                                                                                                                                         third time     potential consequences and how
                                                                                                                                                                                                         was not the    my actions could affect myself
                                                                                                                                                                                                         charm for      and those around me. This has
                                                                                                                                                                                                        me, and I       undoubtedly helped keep me
                                                                                                                                                                                                        was in panic    grounded and safe.
                                                                                                                                                                                                        mode. I            I no longer have the Camaro
                                                                                                                                                                                                        spent a solid   … I have a 2017 Mustang! But
                                                                                                                                                                                                        hour drafting   for those who may be wondering,
                                                                                                                                                                                                        what I was      my record has been clean. So
                                                                                                                                                                                                       going to say     the next time you think about
                                                                                                                                                                                                      to the judge in   speeding, whether it’s in a
                                                                                                                                                                                                    an attempt to       Camaro or a minivan, think
                                                                                                                                                                                                   sway pity on me      of my story. It could save you
                                                                                                                                                                                                 for being foolish.     some money, stress and most
                                                                                                                                                                                               A few weeks later,       importantly, your life.

8   www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety                Photo by Offscreen/Shutterstock.com            THE COMBAT EDGE | WINTER 2020   31                                                                                                OVER THE EDGE | WINTER 2020   9
Graphic by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Not Cool,
       Calm or
       Collected
                                          BY MASTER SGT. ADAM MCGHEE

                           A
                                       s a unit motorcycle safety representative and motorcycle
                                       rider, I like to share my experiences with other riders
                                       – both new and experienced. I share my close calls,
                                       lessons learned, areas in town that are the most
                                       dangerous, and so on.
                             One example is warning newer riders not to go hauling tail up and
                           down a nearby two-lane mountain road on the outskirts of Tucson,
                           Arizona. The posted speed limit is 35 mph all the way up the
                           roughly 21-mile trip to the top. Law enforcement typically catches
                           motorcyclists and even the occasional sports car enthusiast who
                           digs into the turns at high speed. It’s also not unusual, sadly, to
                           hear of reports of vehicle or motorcycle accidents on the mountain
                           road where excessive speed was a factor.

12   www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety                     Photo provided by Master Sgt. Adam Mcghee   OVER THE EDGE | WINTER 2020   13
On a Saturday morning in May, right before                After a bit of hesitation on my part in deciding     on as planned and fairly uneventful – except for a     attempt to do the right thing and be safe, it can
       Mother’s Day and prior to my departure for                whether to stop or slow down, I applied the brakes      similar incident of a car pulling out in front of us   only take a second of bad judgment or losing
       the weeklong Occupational Safety Program                  and came to an almost complete stop and hit the         about a block away from our house. That was a          control of your emotions – over something relatively
       Management course at Dyess Air Force Base,                horn. At that same moment, the driver of the SUV        sign for me to park it for the day.                    petty in comparison to other outcomes – to change
       Texas, my wife was eager to go for a short bike ride      behind us was blowing the horn, and as I looked           Moral of the story: While yes, there are some        the outcome of everything. I share this story
       up the mountain. After all, who was I to argue?           in the right mirror, I saw the SUV’s driver-side        riders on both sides of the base fence who             to remind riders and drivers to try to
       Six months prior, my 2009 SV-650 had a small              headlight just to the right of us. This could have      take unnecessary risks when it comes to riding         stay cool, calm and collected – it
       air leak in the rear tire, so I had parked it until I     ended badly right then and there, but luckily it        motorcycles, there are also those who follow the       could save your life.
       was able to get around to changing the tire out,          didn’t. The sedan that pulled out in front of us sped   rules by applying sound risk management and
       mainly out of caution. Just a week before that,           off, and for some reason this really annoyed me. I      wearing the required gear. However, even the safest
       I finally got around to changing both tires and           downshifted and applied the throttle to catch up to     of riders – and drivers – can have a temporary
       replacing the rear brake pads, and I was looking          the sedan. After about a mile or so, I noticed I was    moment of frustration that impairs good judgment,
       forward to riding regularly again. I conducted a          moving at a pretty good speed and the sedan was         which could lead to poor decision-making.
       quick inspection on the bike, looking for any safety      gaining distance. I looked at my speedometer, and         This is not an example of “do as I
       defects; nothing unusual or unsafe. My wife and I         I was well over the speed limit. At that moment,        say not as I do,” but rather an
       donned our riding jackets, helmets, gloves and all        I took a quick mental time out, calmed down and         example of how even on
       the required gear and started our trip toward the         focused on my responsibilities as a rider, choosing     our best days –
       mountain.                                                 not to let emotion dictate my riding.                   when we
          After a quick stop for gas, we made it to the             As a motorcycle safety representative, I realized
       bottom of the mountain highway and started our            that I spent time focusing on the required training
       leisurely ride up the mountain. Nothing crazy,            and the physical elements that can impact safe
       just a little cruise if you will. Traffic was fairly      motorcycle riding, yet, I never reminded riders to
       light at the time, but then again it was barely 10        remain cool, calm and collected. A sudden spike
       a.m. on a Saturday morning. We continued on for           of aggravation could easily cloud judgment
       about 9 miles with no issues before pulling off to        with even the safest of motorists or
       an observation area for a quick break and walk            motorcycle riders. We see it on
       around. After about 30 minutes, we decided to             the news – stressful driving
       head down and choose where to eat lunch. We               situations turned to
       waited for traffic to pass and merged back onto the       road rage that
       highway behind two motorcyclists.                         end badly.
          As we entered the first couple of turns, a sedan       While this
       in front of the two riders started slowing down           wasn’t road
       to about 25 mph. No hazards or indication of an           rage, rather a
       issue, just driving 10 miles under the speed limit        minor irritation,
       for what seemed to be no apparent reason. Even as         the outcome of
       we passed multiple turn outs, the sedan remained          a few seconds of
       5 to 10 miles an hour under the speed limit.              anger could have
       Frustrated, the motorcyclists in front of us passed       resulted in heavy
       the sedan at high speed over a double yellow              consequences. I could
       line heading into a turn and darted out of sight. I       have been ticketed for
       remember shaking my head and thinking, “Idiots.”          speeding, or I could have
       About another mile or two of following the sedan,         misjudged a turn and lost
       I started to get a little frustrated as well. I checked   the bike, severely injuring
       my mirrors and saw three or four vehicles following       myself of my wife, who was
       closely behind us, and I can only assume they             riding on the back. At the
       shared the frustration. Finally, the sedan signaled       end of the day, the individual
       that it was going to turn onto a parking turn out,        who nearly caused an accident
       and as it did, I started to get on the throttle to get    by not taking an extra second to
       back up to speed. Just then, another sedan was            check for traffic prior to merging
       pulling on to the highway in front of us. Did they        onto the highway continued on – as                                                                                                                                          Mcg
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                hee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        am
       see us? Were they going to stop? The answer was           did we, and the rest of the day went                                                                                                                           Sgt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   . Ad
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ster
       “No!”                                                                                                                                                                                                       by M
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        a
                                                                                                                                                                                                             ded
                                                                                                                                                                                                         rovi
                                                                                                                                                                                                     to p
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pho

14   www.acc.af.mil/home/acc-safety                                                                                                                                                                                   OVER THE EDGE | WINTER 2020     15
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