Emerging Conclusions 2/5 Project Overview - Document prepared by: Element Energy Version: May 2020 - Hydrogen Mobility Europe
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Emerging Conclusions
2/5 Project Overview
Document prepared by: Element Energy
Version: May 2020
A project co-funded by
under the Grant Agreement n.671438 and n. 700350
This document provides an interim summary of
H2ME results
❑ The H2ME initiative is a flagship European project, deploying hundreds of fuel cell hydrogen cars,
vans and trucks and the associated refuelling infrastructure, across 8 countries in Europe.
❑ It will create the first truly pan-European network, and the world’s largest network of hydrogen
refuelling stations.
❑ The project is made up of two phases, H2ME (1), which started in 2015, and H2ME-2, which will
end in 2022. Over the course of these two phases, more than 1400 vehicles and 45+ hydrogen
refuelling stations will be deployed.
❑ The project is being supported by the European Union through the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint
Undertaking (FCH 2 JU) but is driven by the continuous engagement of the industry.
❑ This documents provides a summary of the project status, highlights key achievements and also
suggests some of the emerging issues which need to be tackled by the fuel cell vehicle sector as it
moves towards a commercially viable mass market proposition.
❑ This is a living document that will be updated as the project progresses. It is intended to:
▪ Give first hand information to stakeholders, policy-makers etc.;
▪ Align H2ME partners on the common themes emerging from the early demonstration results;
▪ Serve as a basis for additional dissemination materials.
2
Detailed contents overview 1/2
1. Introduction 2. Project Overview 3. Demonstration activities
❑ Why is hydrogen mobility important? ❑ Hydrogen Mobility Europe ❑ Deployment to date
▪ Perspectives for society and policy makers ▪ Project partners ▪ Total HRS deployed
▪ Perspectives for early adopters (private ▪ Overview H2ME (1) & ▪ Total vehicles
customers, fleet manager and local H2ME 2 deployed
authorities) ▪ Overarching objectives ▪ Countries of
▪ Perspectives for energy providers deployment
▪ Perspectives for car OEMs ❑ Deployment overview & targets
▪ Vehicles deployment ❑ HRS in the project
❑ Societal challenge for transport sector
overview ▪ Technical
▪ Transport is the only sector with rising CO2
▪ Refuelling infrastructure Specifications
emissions
deployment strategy ▪ Project snapshot
▪ How does hydrogen fit into today’s green
mobility efforts ▪ Deployment timeline ▪ Performance case
study
❑ How it works ? ❑ National strategies – H2ME &
▪ What is a Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV)? broader context ❑ Vehicles in the project
▪ What is a Hydrogen Refuelling Station ▪ Germany ▪ Technical
(HRS)? ▪ UK Specifications
❑ Commercialisation ▪ France ▪ Project snapshot
▪ Status ▪ Scandinavia ▪ Performance case
▪ study
▪ Technical advancements Netherlands
▪ Remaining barriers
3
Detailed contents overview 2/2
4. Update on deployment strategies and case studies 5. Project achievements and Emerging conclusions
❑ Overview strategies ❑ Project Achievements
▪ Ownership models and characteristics for ▪ Update on sector and European effort
refuelling stations ▪ Advancements on the state-of-the-art
▪ Characteristics of vehicle deployments
❑ Emerging conclusions HRS
❑ National, regional and local case studies ▪ Technical advancements (HRS)
▪ Country level infrastructure network – H2Mobility ▪ Commercial strategies for HRS
Deutschland (Germany)
▪ Regional planning - Zero Emission Valley in the ❑ Emerging conclusions vehicles
Auvergne Rhône Alpes region (France) ▪ Technical advancements vehicles
▪ City scale approaches ▪ Commercial strategies for vehicles
❑ Recommendations for policy makers
▪ Recommendations for hydrogen mobility initiatives
▪ Recommendations for maturing the supply chain
▪ Recommendations for policy and funding
❑ Summary conclusions
4
Public Resources
❑ This document provides an overarching summary of the activities undertaken in the project.
However, more detailed reports are available on the H2ME website (https://h2me.eu/reports/).
❑ Key reports available are :
▪ Hydrogen Refuelling Stations Safety, Regulations, Codes and Standards. Lessons Learned: Interim Report
3, H2ME2 Deliverable 5.20, Cenex
▪ Well to Wheels environmental impact assessment, H2ME (1) Deliverable 4.19, Cenex
▪ Hydrogen fuel retailing Interim Report, H2ME (1) Deliverable 2.4, H2ME 2 Deliverable 6.7, Element
Energy
▪ Yearly Vehicle and Infrastructure Performance Report 3 (2015-2019), H2ME (1) Deliverable 4.12, H2ME 2
Deliverable 5.3, Cenex
❑ The website will be updated with the most recent project reports as, and when, finalized and
accepted by the consortium.
5
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Project
2. Overview
Project Overview
3. Demonstration activities
4. Update on deployment strategies and case studies
5. Project achievements and Emerging Conclusions
62. Project overview
Section overview
Hydrogen Mobility Project partners
Europe Overview H2ME (1) & H2ME 2
Overarching objectives
Deployment overview & Vehicles deployment overview
targets Refuelling infrastructure deployment strategy
Deployment timeline
National strategies – Germany Scandinavia
H2ME & broader context UK Netherlands
France
7H2ME brings together high level partners in
these initiatives in a European approach
This project has received funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 671438
and No 700350. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme, Hydrogen Europe Research and Hydrogen Europe.
8H2ME – a major pan-European effort to support
commercialisation. These activities are part of a
much larger vehicle and HRS rollout in Europe
H2ME (1) H2ME 2
29 stations 20 stations
>300 cars and vans >1100 cars, vans
€70m total cost and trucks
❑ >45 refuelling stations
€32m funding €100m total cost
Started June 2015 ❑ >1400 cars, and vans €35m funding
❑ €170m total cost Started May 2016
❑ €67m funding
❑ > 40 organisations
A major European activity!
9H2ME initiative (2015 – 2022) HRS: Hydrogen Refuelling Station
FCEV: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle
Project overview RE-EV : Range-Extended Electric
Vehicle
New hydrogen refuelling stations:
❑ 20 - 700bar HRS in Germany
❑ 12 - 700bar HRS in Scandinavia
❑ 11 - 350bar and 700bar HRS in France
❑ 6 – 350bar and 700bar HRS in the UK
❑ 1 - 700bar HRS in NL
Fuel cell vehicles:
❑ 500 OEM* FCEVs
❑ 900 fuel cell RE-EV vans
Hydrogen rollout areas:
❑ Scandinavia, Germany, France, UK, The
Netherlands
Observer coalitions:
❑ Belgium, Luxembourg, and Italy
Industry observer partners:
❑ Audi, BMW, Nissan, Renault, Renault Trucks, AGA,
OMV
HRS locations under H2ME-1 *OEM refers to original equipment manufacturer
Illustrative HRS locations under H2ME-2 10Vehicles deployed under H2ME initiative
Deployment of partner models
Daimler B- Daimler GLC F- Toyota Mirai Honda Renault Kangoo Renault Master
Class F-CELL CELL Clarity Fuel Cell Z.E Hydrogen Z.E H2
(by Symbio) (by Symbio)
❑ 700 bar ❑ 700 bar ❑ 700 bar ❑ 700bar ❑ 5kW fuel cell ❑ 350bar
hydrogen hydrogen hydrogen hydrogen module with hydrogen
tank tank tank tank 350-bar tank
❑ 40 ❑ 150 being ❑ >100 ❑ 10 already ❑ >900 being ❑ 3 being
deployed deployed already deployed deployed deployed
deployed
Other vehicles procured 160 other vehicles will be
procured by project partners
e.g. in Paris and in Hamburg
11Deployment & National refuelling infrastructure
introduction strategies – H2ME & broader context
National Strategy HRS network in H2ME Vehicles
❑ Risk sharing JV - Widespread deployment of 100 HRS ❑ 20 x 700 bar
by 2020/2021 and further expansion in line with HRS in Germany
development of vehicle numbers to provide a national ❑ 550 FCEVs
network and allow OEM vehicle introduction across
❑ Deployment based on expected sales of OEM vehicles Scandinavia,
❑ 12 x 700 bar Germany,
(facilitated by tax regime). Aiming at a network of HRS in
stations by 2020 across the SHHP countries to allow France, the
Scandinavia UK and the
transnational driving within the region
Netherlands
❑ Deployment in 3 stages - clustered phase (2015- ❑ 6 x 350/700 bar
2020), accelerated ramp-up (2020-2025) and HRS in the UK
established market (2025-2030) characterised by a ❑ >900 RE-EV
progressive introduction vans and
❑ 12 x 350/700 trucks in
❑ Initial strategy based on 350bar RE-EVs in captive bar HRS in
fleet linking H2 supply and vehicles, which de-risks France,
France Germany,
early hydrogen infrastructure investments across the
country before OEM vehicles arrive Norway and
the UK
❑ Deployment in 3 stages - market preparation (2015- ❑ 1 x 700 bar HRS
2020), early market introduction (2020-2025) and full in the
market introduction (2025-2030) with a progressive Netherlands
introduction 12Hydrogen Mobility Europe deployment timeline
Deployment phase
All vehicles in operation
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Daimler B-Class F-Cell GLC F-Cell
FCEVs from 2015Q2 from 2018Q3
40 in operation in the project 150 in operation
Honda Clarity
Honda FCEVs from 2017Q1
10 in operation in the project
Toyota FCEVs Toyota Mirai
from 2017Q3
114 in operation in the project
Procurement other vehicle types procured and
of other FCEVs deployed from 2017Q2
160 + in operation
FC range- Renault Kangoo Z.E Hydrogen (by Symbio)
extended from 2015Q3
900+ in operation
electric vans
Renault Master Z.E H2 (by
FC range- Symbio) from 2020Q3
extended 3 in operation in the project
electric trucks 6
5 5 5
4 4
2 2 2 2 2 2 Total HRS = 49
HRS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Significant HRS and Vehicle deployment outside H2ME projects 13German strategy
HRS network rollout from 2016 to 2023
R&D Market Preparation Market Readiness
2016 2018 2025
❑ Widespread deployment of 100 HRS by 2020/2021 (700bar) and further expansion in line with
development of vehicle numbers to provide confidence by delivering a dense national network in
parallel to the large-scale introduction of OEM vehicles.
❑ An increasing focus is now being placed on ‘demand-led’ deployments of stations where vehicle
demand is secured in advance of site selection.
❑ The German government provides grants for station installation and incentives covering up to 40% of
the cost premium, and tax exemptions for FCEVs.
❑ In 2018 the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI) released a call for
bids with a total of up to 15 million euros of funding available for FCEVs and HRS.
Source: http://h2-mobility.de/en/h2-stations/
Source: Summary and lessons learnt from the hydrogen mobility strategies tested in this project interim 2020, 14
H2ME (1) Deliverable 5.12, CONFIDENTIAL, Element EnergyUK strategy
HRS network rollout from 2016 to 2023
1) Initial cluster in the South East 2) Create new HRS clusters 3) Secure basic national driving
▪ Network in and around London ▪ New HRS clusters (min. 2 stations) in ▪ A basic national coverage along the
large urban areas with a H2 strategy major North-South and East-West
▪ Stations sited near main roads
and willing early adopters motorways
▪ ~ 20 stations provide initial coverage
▪ Sited near main roads and also major ▪ Located near to urban centres to seed
national motorways add. uptake
❑ Originally, no specific linkage between vehicle and HRS deployment was planned but letters of intent are
increasingly being sought in advance of HRS deployments to guarantee H2 demand.
❑ The UK government provides grants for both HRS installation and purchase/lease of FCEVs for fleets.
❑ The Office for Low Emission Vehicles (OLEV) has created a £23 million fund to accelerate the uptake of FCEVs and
HRS (2018).
Source: Summary and lessons learnt from the hydrogen mobility strategies tested in this project interim 2020, 15
H2ME (1) Deliverable 5.12, CONFIDENTIAL, Element EnergyHRS deployed under H2ME initiative (1/3)
Germany and the UK
OEM Site(s) Type of HRS Source of H2 Project Image
Germany
Laatzen, Leverkusen,
10 HRS ≥
Air Magdeburg, Erfurt, Dortmund, Supplied with trucked in
200kg/day @700 H2ME (1)
Liquide Bayreuth, Monchengladblac, H₂
Furth, Passau, Schnelldorf bar
Leipzig, Potsdam, Berlin, Berg
10 HRS ≥
Linde bei hof, Frankfurt, Aachen, Supplied with trucked in
150kg/day @700 H2ME (1)
Essen, Hagenow, Halle, H₂
Herten, bar
United Kingdom
1 HRS ≥
BOC On- site water
Aberdeen 320kg/day @700 H2ME (1)
(Linde) electrolyser
bar
2 HRS ≥ 100-
ITM On- site water
Beaconsfield, Gatwick 150kg/day, H2ME (1)
electrolyser
@dual pressure
3 HRS ≥
ITM Swindon, Birmingham, On- site water
200kg/day H2ME 2
London electrolyser
@dual pressure
16French strategy
HRS network rollout from 2017 to 2030
Phase 0 - Clusters Phase 1 – Linkage of clusters and growth of network Phase 2 – Self-contained
Area where HRS provide coverage Highway with HRS HRS in place as of 2014
❑ National network started using lower-cost 350bar HRS to support local captive fleets with limited dual-
pressure (700 & 350bar) HRS deployed. There is now an increasing focus on dual-pressure stations to ensure
future-proofing for passenger cars.
❑ 100 HRS to be built by 2023 and 400 by 2028
❑ Strategy based on captive fleet applications which allows hydrogen stations to be deployed at the same time
as a vehicle fleet, thereby securing demand and de-risking early HRS investments. Letters of intent are
obtained prior to HRS investment decisions, thereby confirming demand and HRS utilisation.
❑ The French government has announced €100 million in funding for the development of the hydrogen sector
from 2019.
Source: Summary and lessons learnt from the hydrogen mobility strategies tested in this project interim 2020, 17
H2ME (1) Deliverable 5.12, CONFIDENTIAL, Element EnergyHRS deployed under H2ME initiative (2/3)
France
OEM Site(s) Type of HRS Source of H2 Project Image
France
1 HRS ≥ 200kg/day
Air Liquide Paris Sud (Orly) Supplied with trucked in H₂ H2ME (1)
@ dual pressure
Paris North,
Supplied with trucked in H₂
Paris West, 4 HRS ≥ 200kg/day
Air Liquide and on-site water H2ME 2
Versailles, @ dual pressure
electrolysis
Creteil
Supplied with trucked in H₂
ArevaH2Gen 1 HRS ≥ 80kg/day
Rodez and on-site water H2ME (1)
/ EIFER @350bar
electrolysis
ArevaH2Gen
1 HRS ≥ 80kg/day
/SEMITAN/ Nantes On- site water electrolyser H2ME 2
@350bar
EIFER
McPhy/ 1 HRS ≥ 40kg/day
Sarreguemines On- site water electrolyser H2ME (1)
EIFER/ CASC @350 bar
McPhy/CNR 1 HRS ≥ 80kg/day
Lyon On- site water electrolyser H2ME 2
/GNVERT @350 bar
TBC TBC 2 HRS ≥ 80kg/day On- site water electrolyser H2ME 2
@700 bar
18Scandinavian strategy
HRS network rollout from 2016 to 2025
2016 HRS Complete
coverage of transnational
Scandinavia coverage by
2025
❑ Strategy based on introduction of 700bar OEM FCEVs to create a first network across Scandinavia.
❑ Vehicle deployment is supported by generous national tax regimes and other support mechanisms (free
public parking, etc.).
❑ There are both government grants and tax exemptions for vehicles and HRS.
❑ It has been assumed that low taxes would be a sufficient trigger for FCEV breakthrough but vehicle costs
and the popularity of BEVs (and limited availability of FCEVs) have proved to be barriers.
Source: Summary and lessons learnt from the hydrogen mobility strategies tested in this project interim 2020, 19
H2ME (1) Deliverable 5.12, CONFIDENTIAL, Element EnergyDutch strategy
HRS network rollout from 2015 to 2030
❑ Strategy based on gradual deployment of HRS and vehicles clustering around major cities (e.g. the
Hague).
❑ Vehicle and infrastructure deployment is supported by generous national tax regimes and other support
mechanisms (free public parking, access to bus lanes etc.).
❑ Planned deployment of 4 public HRS by 2018 and 20 in 2020.
Source: Summary and lessons learnt from the hydrogen mobility strategies tested in this project interim 2020, 20
H2ME (1) Deliverable 5.12, CONFIDENTIAL, Element EnergyHRS deployed under H2ME initiative (3/3)
Scandinavia and Netherlands
OEM Site(s) Type of HRS Source of H2 Project Image
Scandinavia
AGA 1 HRS ≥ 800kg/day Off-site water electrolysis
Sandviken, SW H2ME (1)
(Linde) @700bar delivered via district pipelines.
1 HRS ≥ 800kg/day Supplied with trucked in H₂ from
Mariestad, SW H2ME 2
Nel @700bar centralised electrolysers.
1 HRS ≥ 200kg/day On-site water electrolysers and
HYOP Hovik, NO H2ME (1)
@700bar trucked in H₂
1 HRS ≥ 200kg/day
Nel H2 Kolding, DK Supplied with trucked in H₂ H2ME (1)
@700bar
Reykjavik, Keflavik, 3 HRS ≥ 200kg/day 2 - Supplied with trucked in H₂
Nel H2 H2ME 2
Selfoss, IS @700bar 1 - On-site water electrolysers
Copenhagen 2 HRS ≥ 200kg/day
Nel H2 Supplied with trucked in H₂ H2ME 2
Herning, DK @700bar
1 HRS ≥ 200kg/day H2ME 2
TBC TBC Supplied with trucked in H₂
@700bar
Netherlands
Kerkhof 1 HRS ≥ 200kg/day
The Hague Trucked in H₂ H2ME 2
(Resato) @700bar 21In addition to its deployment activities, the
H2ME initiative is conducting a number of cross
cutting activities
The H2ME initiative is:
❑ Sharing best practices and lessons learnt between industry partners to ensure
processes such as HRS installation, metering and billing etc. are streamlined and
improved across Europe
❑ Using data collected as part of the project to better understand the status of vehicle
and HRS technology
❑ Conducting analysis to better understand customers’ needs and experience of the
technology
❑ Conducting economic and strategic analysis to provide recommendations for the
rollout of hydrogen mobility, with a particular focus on national rollout strategies
and business cases for early adopters
❑ Analysing the impact of hydrogen generation by electrolysis on the efficiency of the
energy system and demonstrate the ability to monetise the provision of grid
balancing services using water electrolysers via real world tests of HRS-electrolysers
The results generated by the project are shared with industry, politicians, and the
wider public to support the commercialisation of hydrogen mobility.
22Acknowledgements
This project has received funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 671438
and No 700350. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme, Hydrogen Europe Research and Hydrogen Europe.
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