COVID-19 Situation Report 375 - Academic, educational, research, and ...

Page created by Reginald Floyd
 
CONTINUE READING
COVID-19 Situation Report 375 - Academic, educational, research, and ...
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                   COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

                                                                          Feb              8

 COVID-19
 Situation Report 375

Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research (CIDER)
COVID-19 Situation Report 375 - Academic, educational, research, and ...
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                             COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

i.      Background
In December, China notified the World Health Organization (WHO) of several cases of human respiratory
illness, which appeared to be linked to an open seafood and livestock market in the city of Wuhan. The
infecting agent has since been identified as a novel coronavirus, previously known as 2019-nCoV and now
called SAR-CoV-2; The new name of the disease has also been termed COVID-19, as of 11th February 2020.
Although the virus is presumed zoonotic in origin, person-to-person spread is evident. Screening of
travellers, travel bans and quarantine measures are being implemented in many countries. Despite these
precautions, it is anticipated that more cases will be seen both inside China and internationally. The WHO
declared the outbreak of COVID-19 constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30
January. On 11 March, 2020, WHO declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic as the global death toll
rose above 4,600 and the number of confirmed cases topped 125,000. This report aims to update Global
Risk Assessment, Global Epidemiology, Quarantine Orders, Travel Ban/Advisory by countries, WHO’s and
CDC’s Guidance and Protocols and Scientific publication on a daily basis. New updates in the tables are
bolded.

1|Page                 Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
COVID-19 Situation Report 375 - Academic, educational, research, and ...
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                                        COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

       ii.      Global Risk Assessment
       Table 1. Risk assessment of COVID-19 by WHO regions (Updated as of 8 Feb 2021, 1500H SGT)
                                              Transmissibilit   Severity of            Availability of Treatment/               Overall
             Environmental Risk
                                                    y            Disease                     Vaccination#                        Risk
Global (n=197 countries)
High                                          Moderate          High            Limited

Globally, 188 (95.4%) countries (excluding    Based on CDC      Case            The number of countries that have
territories*) have reported the outbreak.     data, median      fatality rate   commenced mass vaccination in each
                                              R0 is estimated   is currently    region are as follows: Combined WPRO
Using an incidence >20 cases/100,000          to be 5.8 (95%    at 2.18%        and SEARO (9 countries), EURO (37
people over the past 14-days as cut-off for   CI 4.4–7.7),      globally.       countries), EMRO (7 countries),
a surge in cases, the number of countries     but the           Most cases      Americas (10 countries), and Africa (2
reporting a surge in cases in each region     estimated         present as      countries).&
are as follows: Combined WPRO and             effective         flu-like
SEARO (6 countries),                          reproduction      illness.        International clinical trials published on
EURO (48 countries),                          number in 171                     2 September confirm that cheap, widely
EMRO (13 countries), Americas (29             countries                         available steroid drugs can help
countries), and Africa (16 countries).        ranged from                       seriously ill patients survive Covid-19.
                                              0.021 to 2.9.$                    The World Health Organization issued
Only 4 (2%) countries/territories have no                                       new treatment guidance, strongly
reported restrictions on inbound arrivals,                                      recommending steroids to treat
while 144 (78%) countries/territories have                                      severely and critically ill patients, but
                                                                                                                                  High
partially reopened their borders – require                                      not to those with mild disease. [4]
arrivals to produce a negative COVID-19
test result and/or undergo self-quarantine                                      Researchers have found all regimens of
upon arrival. 53 (29%)                                                          anticoagulants to be far superior to no
countries/territories are totally closed to                                     anticoagulants in COVID-19 patients.
international arrivals. [1]                                                     More specifically, patients on both a
                                                                                “therapeutic” or full dose and those on
On October 7, the Centers for Disease                                           a “prophylactic” or lower dose, showed
Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed                                          about a 50% higher chance of survival
airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. [2]                                        and roughly a 30% lower chance of
                                                                                intubation, than those not on
The U.S. CDC has revised its guidance on                                        anticoagulants. It was observed that
COVID-19 quarantine period from 14 days                                         therapeutic and prophylactic
to 7-10 days, based one's test results and                                      subcutaneous low-molecular weight
symptoms. Individuals without symptoms                                          heparin and therapeutic oral apixaban
only need quarantine for 10 days without                                        may lead to better results. [3]
testing; those tested negative can
quarantine for 7 days. [14]
Western Pacific Region and South-East Asia Region (n=41 countries)
Moderate                                      Moderate          Moderate        High

33 (80.5%) countries have reported            As of February    Case            Vaccine coverage information was
outbreaks; but only 6 (14.6%) are             3, the            fatality rate   available for 4 countries as of 6
reporting a surge in cases.                   estimated         is 1.56%.       February 2021. Coverage for: i) at least
                                                                                1 dose was at
COVID-19 Situation Report 375 - Academic, educational, research, and ...
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                                         COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

Highest incidence over the past 14 days       ranged from
were reported from Indonesia, Japan,          0.15-2.9.$
Malaysia, Maldives and Sri Lanka and
highest case numbers were reported from
India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia and
Philippines.

At least 20 countries have closed their
borders, 22 countries have opened their
borders partially conditionally, and none
are allowing free travel.
European Region (n=53 countries)
High                                          Moderate          High            High

52 (98.1%) countries have reported with       As of February    Case            Vaccine coverage information was
outbreaks; 48 (90.6%) countries are           3, the            fatality rate   available for 31 countries as of 6
reporting a surge in cases.                   estimated         is 2.20%.       February 2021. Coverage for i) at least 1
                                              effective                         dose was at
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                                     COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

Region of the Americas (n=35 countries)
High                                        Moderate         High            High

35 (100%) countries have reported with      As of February   Case            Vaccine coverage information was
outbreak; 29 (82.9%) countries are          3, the           fatality rate   available for 8 countries as of 6
reporting a surge in cases.                 estimated        is 2.32%.       February 2021. Coverage for: i) at least
                                            effective                        1 dose was at
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                                        COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

                                             ranged from                       Ethiopia has approved the use of
Highest incidence over the past 14 days      0.021-2.1.$                       Dexamethasone treatment for seriously
were reported from Botswana, Cabo                                              ill COVID-19 patients. [13]
Verde, Nambia, Seychelles and South
Africa and highest case numbers were
reported from Ghana, Mozambique,
Nigeria, South Africa and Zambia.

At least 9 countries have closed their
borders, 38 countries have opened their
borders partially conditionally, and no
country is allowing free travel.

      *Only WHO member states are included. 30 territories that have reported cases (with the exception of Palestine)
      are excluded from the tabulation of total countries affected/imported/local cases and case fatality rate. Refer to
      WHO situation reports or table 4 for information.
      #
        Ongoing clinical trials of vaccines and treatment are summarised in section X
      %
        This is by no means an exhaustive list of lockdowns imposed globally. Tally is subjected to publication bias
      whereby certain countries may receive less media attention and hence, coverage on their travel bans
      implemented.
      $
        https://epiforecasts.io/covid/posts/global/
      ^
        Differences between R0 and effective R can be found here https://www.coronavirustoday.com/r-number-refers-
      either-basic-or-effective-reproduction-number
      &
         https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations; High vaccine coverage defined as >70% population with full
      vaccination
      €
        https://covid19.trackvaccines.org/vaccines/

      5|Page                   Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                                             COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

iii.      Global Epidemiology
Table 2. Summary of COVID-19 cases & fatalities globally (Updated as of 8 Feb 2021, 1500H SGT)
                                                                         Case-
   No. of                     Total Cases                    Case-
                                                                        Fatality
 Countries/ Total Global       Outside           Total      Fatality
                                                                       Rate (%)           R0
 Territories      Cases        Mainland         Deaths     Rate (%)
                                                                       [outside
 with Cases                     China                      [overall]
                                                                        China]
                                                                                   5.8 (95% CI 4.4–
     219      106,712,241 106,622,535 2,327,942              2.18%       2.18%
                                                                                         7.7)^
^Based on early release as of 10th April, 2020: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/7/20-0282_article

Table 3. Comparison with other viruses
        Virus        Incubation Period (Days)                        Case Fatality Rate (%)                           R0
                           Median = 5.1$
    SARS-CoV-2                                                                  2.18                     5.8 (95% CI 4.4–7.7) ^
                        (2-14) or up to 24*
     SARS-CoV                   2-7                                              9.6                             2.0
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                                             COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

Figure 2. Growth Factor excluding mainland China

Figure 3. Growth Factor of Novel Coronavirus Daily Deaths (Mainland China + Other Countries)

Growth Factor = every day’s cases/cases on previous day. A growth factor above 1 indicates an increase, whereas one between 0 and 1 is a sign
of decline, with the quantity eventually becoming zero. A growth factor below 1 (or above 1 but trending downward) is a positive sign, whereas
a growth factor constantly above 1 is the sign of exponential growth.
Source: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/coronavirus-cases/

7|Page                         Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                          COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

 Case Breakdown by Countries
 Live update of COVID-19 global cases can be found at
 https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/a1746ada9bff48c09ef76e5a788b5910

 Table 4. Breakdown of COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths (Updated as of 8 Feb 2021, 1500 SGT)
                                                        Total
     Country                  Total Cases Change                 Change Total Recovered Region
                                                       Deaths
 1 USA                        27,611,403 +91767        474,933    +1405        17,354,388     Americas
 2 India                      10,838,843 +11673        155,114      +86        10,533,076       SEARO
 3 Brazil                      9,524,640    +26845     231,561     +492        8,397,187      Americas
 4 Russia                      3,983,197    +31964     77,068      +839        3,472,091        EURO
 5 UK                          3,945,680    +15845     112,465     +373        1,915,629        EURO
 6 France                      3,337,048    +19715     78,965      +171         232,977         EURO
 7 Spain                       2,971,914       0       61,386        0            N/A           EURO
 8 Italy                       2,636,738    +11640     91,273      +270        2,118,441        EURO
 9 Turkey                      2,531,456     +6670     26,797      +112        2,420,706        EURO
10 Germany                     2,291,441     +6442     62,128      +130        2,041,300        EURO
11 Colombia                    2,157,216     +6009     55,993      +300        2,027,333      Americas
12 Argentina                   1,980,347     +3658     49,171       +61        1,778,965      Americas
13 Mexico                      1,932,145     +6065     166,200     +414        1,490,077      Americas
14 Poland                      1,550,255     +4725     39,087       +93        1,307,161        EURO
15 South Africa                1,476,135     +2435     46,290      +110        1,360,204        Africa
16 Iran                        1,466,435     +7065     58,469       +57        1,253,554        EMRO
17 Ukraine                     1,246,990     +5511     23,644      +128        1,075,743        EURO
18 Peru                        1,186,698     +6220     42,308      +187        1,094,573      Americas
19 Indonesia                   1,157,837    +10827     31,556      +163         949,990         SEARO
20 Czechia                     1,037,405     +7293     17,333      +204         922,223         EURO
21 Netherlands                 1,005,760     +3934     14,403       +48           N/A           EURO
22 Canada                       804,260      +3203     20,767       +65         738,766       Americas
23 Portugal                     765,414      +3508     14,158      +204         606,166         EURO
24 Chile                        751,886      +3804     18,974       +79         710,029       Americas
25 Romania                      745,318      +1975     18,881       +72         691,377         EURO
26 Belgium                      725,610      +4178     21,389       +94          49,911         EURO
27 Israel                       692,101      +6518      5,121       +50         619,329         EURO
28 Iraq                         628,550      +1134     13,120        +9         600,193         EMRO
29 Sweden                       588,062        0       12,115        0            N/A           EURO
30 Pakistan                     555,511      +2383     12,026      +112         511,502         EMRO
31 Bangladesh                   538,062       +292      8,205       +15         483,372         SEARO
32 Philippines                  537,310      +1789     11,179       +69         499,798         WPRO
33 Switzerland                  531,873        0        9,613        +7         317,600         EURO
34 Morocco                      475,355       +389      8,394       +13         454,504         EMRO
35 Austria                      423,839      +1317      8,012       +18         402,053         EURO
36 Serbia                       407,881      +1529      4,126       +14          31,536         EURO
37 Japan                        403,435      +2080      6,338       +95         362,231         WPRO

 8|Page               Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                     COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

38   Hungary                  376,495   +1370        13,090         +64            279,763            EURO
39   Saudi Arabia             370,278    +317        6,402           +5            361,515            EMRO
40   Jordan                   335,154   +1299        4,379          +10            320,335            EMRO
41   Panama                   327,091    +627        5,480          +25            292,302           Americas
42   UAE                      326,495   +3093         921            +7            305,759            EMRO
43   Lebanon                  319,917   +2081        3,616          +54            206,523            EMRO
44   Nepal                    271,925    +119        2,038           +3            268,072            SEARO
45   Slovakia                 263,326   +1552        5,199          +64            241,686            EURO
46   Georgia                  262,228    +608        3,298          +29            254,350            EURO
47   Belarus                  258,691   +1732        1,783          +10            247,177            EURO
48   Ecuador                  258,282   +1167        15,012          +8            220,398           Americas
49   Malaysia                 242,452   +3731         872           +15            190,339            WPRO
50   Croatia                  235,402    +276        5,169          +25            227,485            EURO
51   Azerbaijan               231,154    +132        3,158           +2            225,246            EURO
52   Bolivia                  227,967    +839        10,796         +43            168,040           Americas
53   Bulgaria                 223,734    +182        9,331          +20            193,251            EURO
54   Dominican Republic       223,398   +1250        2,831          +30            167,214           Americas
55   Tunisia                  217,086    +910        7,214          +52            173,862            EMRO
56   Ireland                  203,568   +1020        3,686          +12            23,364             EURO
57   Denmark                  201,621    +435        2,216           +1            192,695            EURO
58   Costa Rica               196,438     0          2,672           0             156,181           Americas
59   Kazakhstan               196,115   +2149        2,540           0             176,744            EURO
60   Lithuania                186,770    +492        2,937          +10            138,108            EURO
61   Slovenia                 173,702    +501        3,623          +11            154,321            EURO
62   Kuwait                   170,998    +962         966            +2            161,538            EMRO
63   Egypt                    169,640    +534        9,651          +47            132,375            EMRO
64   Armenia                  168,177    +240        3,123           +9            159,876            EURO
65   Moldova                  164,569    +326        3,543          +13            153,785            EURO
66   Greece                   163,946    +733        5,972          +21            147,254            EURO
67   Guatemala                163,137    +200        5,884          +30            149,342           Americas
68   Palestine                162,601    +572        1,881          +11            152,579            EMRO
69   Honduras                 154,568   +1315        3,721          +27            61,817            Americas
70   Qatar                    154,098    +408         250            0             146,910            EMRO
71   Ethiopia                 142,338    +885        2,148           +3            125,619            Africa
72   Myanmar                  141,304     0          3,168           0             127,229            SEARO
73   Nigeria                  139,748    +506        1,667          +20            113,525            Africa
74   Paraguay                 138,118    +515        2,826          +19            114,258           Americas
75   Oman                     135,674    +633        1,534           +2            127,698            EMRO
76   Venezuela                130,116    +473        1,233           +5            122,081           Americas
77   Libya                    124,026   +1132        1,953          +17            104,539            EMRO
78   Bosnia and Herzegovina   123,434     0          4,775           0             97,128             EURO
79   Algeria                  109,088    +459        2,914           +5            74,692             Africa
80   Bahrain                  107,329    +616         380            +1            101,168            EMRO
81   Kenya                    101,819    +129        1,779           +3            84,361             Africa

9|Page                Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                       COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

82    North Macedonia           94,798    +199         2,924           +8             83,999            EURO
83    China                     89,706     +14         4,636            0             83,952            WPRO
84    Albania                   85,336   +1124         1,460          +14             51,444            EURO
85    Kyrgyzstan                85,113    +121         1,431           +8             81,714            EURO
86    S. Korea                  81,185    +289         1,474           +3             71,218            WPRO
87    Uzbekistan                79,162    +117          621             0             77,564            EURO
88    Latvia                    71,800    +480         1,339          +12             59,897            EURO
89    Ghana                     70,768    +722          457            +8             63,959            Africa
90    Sri Lanka                 69,348    +772          356            +5             63,401            SEARO
91    Montenegro                65,227    +488          838            +2             56,731            EURO
92    Norway                    64,772    +119          582             0             57,004            EURO
93    Zambia                    62,633   +1206          853           +14             54,835            Africa
94    Singapore                 59,699     +24          29              0             59,433            WPRO
95    El Salvador               56,237      0          1,692          +19             50,431           Americas
96    Afghanistan               55,359     +24         2,413           +3             48,041            EMRO
97    Luxembourg                51,848    +159          593            +1             48,421            EURO
98    Estonia                   47,928    +416          461            +5             37,785            EURO
99    Finland                   47,616    +354          688             0             31,000            EURO
100   Uruguay                   45,311    +499          490            +9             38,976           Americas
101   Mozambique                44,600    +488          460            +9             27,162            Africa
102   Uganda                    39,848     +27          327             0             14,349            Africa
103   Namibia                   34,973    +129          375            +4             33,454            Africa
104   Zimbabwe                  34,552     +65         1,326          +10             28,551            Africa
105   Cuba                      32,831    +820          238            +5             26,739           Americas
106   Cyprus                    31,759    +115          212            +1             2,057             EURO
107   Cameroon                  31,394      0           474             0             29,501            Africa
108   Ivory Coast               29,825    +258          162             0             27,981            Africa
109   Australia                 28,857      +7          909             0             26,089            WPRO
110   Senegal                   28,760    +271          682            +7             23,559            Africa
111   Sudan                     27,631    +131         1,835           +4             21,986            EMRO
112   Malawi                    27,195    +320          856           +19             11,596            Africa
113   DRC                       23,599    +114          681            +2             15,113            Africa
114   Thailand                  23,557    +423          79              0             17,410            SEARO
115   Botswana                  23,503      0           163             0             19,574            Africa
116   Angola                    20,086     +24          475             0             18,540            Africa
117   Madagascar                19,360    +295          285            +4             18,490            Africa
118   Malta                     18,676    +100          282            +3             16,053            EURO
119   French Polynesia          18,185      0           133             0             4,842              Non
120   Jamaica                   17,085    +244          358            +1             12,271           Americas
121   Mauritania                16,807     +15          426            +1             16,005            Africa
122   Maldives                  16,783    +127          55             +1             14,604            SEARO
123   Rwanda                    16,451    +114          220            +3             12,342            Africa
124   French Guiana             16,296      0           79              0             9,995              Non
125   Eswatini                  16,204     +23          604             0             11,614             Non

 10 | P a g e            Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                     COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

126   Guinea                  14,687    +22           84             0              14,345            Africa
127   Syria                   14,477    +69           952            +5             8,134             EMRO
128   Cabo Verde              14,423    +43           135            0              13,723            Africa
129   Tajikistan              13,308     0            90             0              13,218            EURO
130   Belize                  12,037     0            306            0              11,479           Americas
131   Haiti                   11,806     0            246            0              9,156            Americas
132   Gabon                   11,457     0            71             0              10,797            Africa
133   Burkina Faso            11,285    +58           134            0              10,129            Africa
134   Hong Kong               10,636    +27           186            0              9,887             WPRO
135   Réunion                 10,507     0            47             0              9,769              Non
136   Andorra                 10,251    +45           106            +1             9,533             EURO
137   Mayotte                 9,546      0            63             0              2,964              Non
138   Lesotho                 9,380      0            183            0              2,706             Africa
139   Guadeloupe              9,226      0            155            0              2,242              Non
140   Suriname                8,671     +21           161            +1             8,020            Americas
141   Bahamas                 8,256      0            176            0              6,819            Americas
142   Mali                    8,176     +16           338            0              6,066             Africa
143   Congo                   8,060      0            122            0              5,846             Africa
144   Guyana                  7,982     +43           180            0              6,966            Americas
145   Trinidad and Tobago     7,616      +4           135            0              7,266            Americas
146   Aruba                   7,223     +21           62             0              6,834              Non
147   Martinique              6,484      0            45             0                98               Non
148   Nicaragua               6,299      0            170            0              4,225            Americas
149   Iceland                 6,021      0            29             0              5,959             EURO
150   Djibouti                5,947      +6           63             0              5,852             EMRO
151   Equatorial Guinea       5,578      0            86             0              5,358             Africa
152   Togo                    5,483     +47           80             +1             4,550             Africa
153   CAR                     4,989      0            63             0              4,885             Africa
154   Somalia                 4,862      +8           134            0              3,720             EMRO
155   Curaçao                 4,613      +8           21             0              4,535              Non
156   Niger                   4,612     +14           165            0              3,970             Africa
157   South Sudan             4,355      0            66             0              3,663             Africa
158   Gambia                  4,237      0            134            0              3,886             Africa
159   Benin                   4,193      0            55             0              3,563             Africa
160   Gibraltar               4,182      +5           83             +3             3,944              Non
161   Channel Islands         3,896     +11           83             0              3,405              Non
162   Sierra Leone            3,785     +13           79             0              2,466             Africa
163   Chad                    3,497     +24           125            0              2,895             Africa
164   San Marino              3,127      0            69             0              2,795             EURO
165   Comoros                 3,086      0            108            0              2,334             Africa
166   Guinea-Bissau           2,780      +8           46             0              2,427             Africa
167   Liechtenstein           2,523      +5           52             0              2,424              Non
168   Eritrea                 2,326      0             7             0              1,719             Africa
169   New Zealand             2,320      0            25             0              2,229             WPRO

 11 | P a g e          Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                     COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

170   Yemen                    2,127     0            615            0              1,428             EMRO
171   Mongolia                 2,073    +50            2             0              1,493             WPRO
172   Vietnam                  2,001    +16           35             0              1,472             WPRO
173   Liberia                  1,956     0            84             0              1,770             Africa
174   Sint Maarten             1,928     0            27             0              1,780              Non
175   Saint Lucia              1,813     0            18             0               875             Americas
176   Burundi                  1,723     +6            3             0               773              Africa
177   Barbados                 1,709    +33           18             0              1,400            Americas
178   Turks and Caicos         1,695    +41            9             0              1,319              Non
179   Monaco                   1,655     +8           19             0              1,380             EURO
180   Seychelles               1,513     +9            7             +1             1,158             Africa
181   Sao Tome and Principe    1,351     0            18             0              1,060             Africa
182   St. Vincent Grenadines   1,269    +67            4             +1              409             Americas
183   Saint Martin             1,234     0            12             0              1,050              Non
184   Taiwan                    927      +3            9             0               844              WPRO
185   Papua New Guinea          895      +4            9             0               846              WPRO
186   Bhutan                    861      0             1             0               854              SEARO
187   Diamond Princess          712      0            13             0               699                NA
188   Bermuda                   692      0            12             0               670               Non
189   Faeroe Islands            656      +1            1             0               652               Non
190   Mauritius                 584      0            10             0               540              Africa
191   Tanzania                  509      0            21             0               183              Africa
192   Cambodia                  474      0             0             0               454              WPRO
193   Isle of Man               434      0            25             0               405               Non
194   Cayman Islands            405      0             2             0               368               Non
195   Caribbean Netherlands     360      0             3             0               244               Non
196   St. Barth                 360      0             1             0               247               Non
197   Antigua and Barbuda       299     +11            7             0               187             Americas
198   Brunei                    181      0             3             0               173              WPRO
199   Grenada                   148      0             1             0               146             Americas
200   Dominica                  121      0             0             0               110             Americas
201   British Virgin Islands    114      0             1             0               95                Non
202   Timor-Leste               80       0             0             0               61               SEARO
203   Fiji                      56       0             2             0               53               WPRO
204   New Caledonia             49       0             0             0               47                Non
205   Macao                     48       0             0             0               46               WPRO
206   Falkland Islands          45       0             0             0               36                Non
207   Laos                      45       0             0             0               41               WPRO
208   Saint Kitts and Nevis     40       0             0             0               36              Americas
209   Greenland                 30       0             0             0               30                Non
210   Vatican City              27       0             0             0               15                Non
211   Saint Pierre Miquelon     24       0             0             0               16                Non
212   Montserrat                17       +2            1             0               13                Non
213   Anguilla                  17       0             0             0               15                Non

 12 | P a g e          Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                            COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

214   Solomon Islands              17         0        0                    0               10                WPRO
215   Western Sahara               10         0        1                    0                8                 Non
216   MS Zaandam                    9         0        2                    0                7                 NA
217   Wallis and Futuna             5         0        0                    0                4                 Non
218   Marshall Islands              4         0        0                    0                4                WPRO
219   Samoa                         2         0        0                    0                2                WPRO
220   Micronesia                    1         0        0                    0                1                WPRO
221   Vanuatu                       1         0        0                    0                1                WPRO
      Total                    106,712,241 +368928 2,327,942              +7492         78,328,502

 Figure 4. Areas with reported confirmed cases of COVID-19 (25 January – 31 January 2021)

 Source: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports

 13 | P a g e             Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                          COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

Table 5. COVID-19 cases and deaths reported by provinces in China (Updated as of 8 Feb 2021, 1500H
SGT)
                     Existing    Change from        Total                      Change from
       Area           Active      previous day    Diagnosed        Deaths      previous day        Recovered
                      Cases      (Active cases)     Cases                        (Deaths)
 Heilongjiang          350            -37         1,609              13                0              1,246
 Jilin                 234            -13          573                3                0               336
 Hebei                 192              0         1,316               7                0              1,117
 Shanghai              125             -3         1,739               7                0              1,607
 Beijing               49              -2         1,046               9                0               988
 Guangdong             48              +4         2,144               8                0              2,088
 Shaanxi               22              -1          542                3                0               517
 Fujian                15               0          545                1                0               529
 Tianjin               15               0          346                3                0               328
 Jiangsu               14               0          701                0                0               687
 Hunan                 11               0         1,033               4                0              1,018
 Zhejiang              10               0         1,316               1                0              1,305
 Sichuan               10               0          873                3                0               860
 Shanxi                10              -1          239                0                0               229
 Liaoning               7              -2          402                2                0               393
 Inner Mongolia         5              -2          366                1                0               360
 Shandong               1               0          866                7                0               858
 Guangxi                1               0          267                2                0               264
 Yunnan                 1               0          231                2                0               228
 Hubei                  0               0         68,150            4,512              0              63,638
 Henan                  0              -1         1,303              22               -1              1,281
 Anhui                  0               0          994                6                0               988
 Xinjiang               0               0          980                3                0               977
 Jiangxi                0               0          935                1                0               934
 Chongqing              0               0          591                6                0               585
 Gansu                  0               0          187                2                0               185
 Hainan                 0               0          171                6                0               165
 Guizhou                0               0          147                2                0               145
 Ningxia                0               0           75                0                0                75
 Qinghai                0               0           18                0                0                18
 Tibet                  0               0            1                0                0                1
Source: https://ncov.dxy.cn/ncovh5/view/pneumonia

14 | P a g e          Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                               COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

iv.       Travel Bans/Advisories & Quarantine Orders
      [1] Austria- Borders control with all neighbouring countries will be tightened and non-essential
          travel should be avoided.
      [2] Greece- Travel restriction will be extended until 22 Feb. Travelers will continue to submit
          passenger locator form and negative covid-19 test result taken within 72 hours before arrival
          and undergo a 7-days quarantine. UK arrivals will be required to take PCR on the 7th day of the
          quarantine. Non-EU residents except for 10 countries will be banned from entering the country.
          Flights from Turkey will remain banned.

v.        Lockdowns
      [1] Cyprus- On 8 Feb, Cyprus will move to the second phase of the COVID-19 measures relaxation.
          Elementary schools and third grade of high schools will reopen. All shops, shopping centers and
          malls will also reopen. Museums and other archaeological sites will reopen with measures in
          place. Churches and other religious site will reopen with a limit of 50 churchgoers. Home visits
          will be allowed for four people. Some sports activities will resume and training of 5 athletes will
          be allowed. All employees returning to work are required to have negative rapid test which will
          be performed weekly. Theatres and cinemas will reopen but limited to 50 people.
      [2] Greece- Non-essential travel restriction for domestic flights have been extended until 15 Feb.
          Essential travel for health and business reason, family reunification and returning of permanent
          resident will be allowed.
      [3] Malaysia- Restrictions for Chinese New Year reunion dinner will be eased. Limit of 15 family
          members from different household living within 10km from each other will be allowed to dine
          together. Family members will not be allowed to travel across state or district boundaries.
          Religious activities within house of worship will be allowed on 11, 12 and 19 Feb but limited to
          30 people and with measures in place. Prayers will be limited to 30 min followed by 30 minute
          of cleaning and sanitation before the next session.
      [4] UAE- From 7 Feb, Abu Dhabi will ban parties and gathering and close cinema. Marriage
          ceremonies and family gathering will be limited to 10 people while funerals and mourning
          services will allow 20 people. Capacity limit of 40% for malls, 50% for gyms, private beaches and
          swimming pools. 60% for restaurants, coffee shops, hotels, public beaches and parks, 45% for
          taxi and 75% for buses will be imposed.

vi.       Military Surveillance

COVID-19 in British Troops in Kenya [1]
The British Army has reported four new cases in the British troop who are in Nanyuki, Kenya for Exercise
Askari Storm. The cases were identified while undergoing 6 days isolation upon arrival. 320 military
personnel have been placed under isolation rules with half being quarantine in tents. More than 1,000
troops were being fed on rations as orders were issued for cookhouse to close and local staff not to
report to work until the outbreak is under control.

15 | P a g e             Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                            COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

vii.    WHO Guidance & Other Protocols
No update was published by the WHO on 7 February 2021.

viii. CDC Guidance & Protocols
US CDC

The following updates were published by the US CDC on 7 February 2021.

      Large Gatherings
       Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/large-gatherings.html
      Small Gatherings
       Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/holidays/small-
       gatherings.html

EU CDC

No update was published by the EU CDC on 7 February 2021.

ix.     Vaccines/Therapeutics Development
Noteworthy reports are included to inform main developments of COVID-19 pharmaceutics. Past updates
are available from situation report 211 onwards. A global map and registry of trials is also visualised &
accessible at: https://www.covid-nma.com/dataviz/ and trial results are available at: https://covid-
nma.com/living_data/index.php. A living systematic review of vaccine trials is also accessable at
https://covid-nma.com/vaccines/ or https://covid-nma.com/ .

Vaccines

[1] Indonesia- Indonesia has approved the use of Sinovac Biotech vaccine for elderly.
[2] Iran- A second locally manufacture vaccine, Razi COV-Pars, made by Razi Vaccine and Serum Research
    Institute will begin its human trials in Iran with about 130 volunteers for its first phase.

Therapeutics
No new updates were reported on 8 February 2021.

16 | P a g e           Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                             COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

Vaccine Approval Status

Table 6: Number of approving countries per vaccine
 Vaccine                                           Number of countries approving
 FBRI EpiVacCorona                                 1

 BioNTech/Pfizer BNT162b2                              55

 Moderna mRNA-1273                                     37

 CanSino Ad5-nCoV                                      1

 Gamaleya Sputnik V                                    16

 Oxford/AstraZeneca AZD1222                            43

 Serum Institute of India Covishield                   8

 Bharat Biotech Covaxin                                1

 Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV                                  11

 Sinopharm Inactivated                                 2

 Sinovac CoronaVac                                     5

Source: https://covid19.trackvaccines.org/vaccines/

Adverse Reactions & Effects

The following table documents adverse reactions reported from approved vaccines and therapeutics.
New updates are bolded.

Table 7: Compilation of reports & guidance on adverse reactions
 Vaccine              Report/Guidance                                                                       Reference
                      [Canada; Report] One person in Manitoba reportedly had an adverse
                      reaction after receiving the first dose on December 23. There were 490                    [1]
                      more individuals vaccinated.
                      [United Kingdom; Report] Two British healthcare workers suffered
                                                                                                                [2]
                      anaphylactic shock after receiving the vaccine.
                      [United States; Report] A healthcare worker in New York City suffered
                      anaphylaxis after receiving Pfizer BioNTech’s vaccine. The worker is
                                                                                                                [3]
                      currently in a stable condition. 30,000 people have been vaccinated so
 Pfizer BioNTech      far.
                      [United States; Report] Two healthcare workers in northern Idaho and
                      the Treasure Valley, experienced severe allergic reactions after receiving
                                                                                                                [4]
                      the vaccine. As of the time of reporting, one has fully recovered while
                      the other is expected to be discharged soon.
                      [United States; Report] There have been two cases of severe allergic
                      reaction in Alaska after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Symptoms of
                                                                                                                [5]
                      the latest case include tongue swelling, hoarse voice and difficulty
                      breathing, which kicked in about 10 mins after receving the vaccine.

17 | P a g e           Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                      COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

               [United States; Report] An individual at Decatur Morgan hospital,
               Alabama, experienced severe allergic reaction several minutes after                       [6]
               getting the vaccine. The patient is currently in a stable condition.
               [United States; Report] Two healthcare workers from Essentia Health,
               Minnesota had non-severe allergic reactions to the vaccine. About 2,500
                                                                                                         [7]
               doses of the vaccines have been administered to frontline workers at
               Essentia Health.
               [United States; Report] According to Pfizer’s data submitted to the FDA,
               the most common side effects were swelling and redness at the vaccine
               injection site. Other noted common side effects in the trial included                     [8]
               fatigue, headache and muscle pain, which had a greater chance of
               occurring after the second dose than the first dose.
               [United States; Guidance] The Centers for Disease Control and
               Prevention (CDC) has issued new guidance on 21 December regarding
               allergies and coronavirus vaccines after reports of severe allergic
                                                                                                         [9]
               reactions to the jab. In the new guidance, the CDC recommends that
               those who have a severe reaction to the first shot of the vaccine should
               not receive the second jab.
               [United States; Guidance] Health experts have said that the side effects
               of COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer BioNTech (and Moderna) are short-term
               and manageable. The American College of Allergy, Asthma &
               Immunology recently released a guideline on the risk of allergic                          [10]
               reactions to Pfizer BioNTech’s vaccine. The guideline is available at
               https://acaai.org/news/american-college-allergy-asthma-and-
               immunology-updates-guidance-risk-allergic-reactions-mrna.
               [Canada; Report] Of 11,930 doses of Pfizer BioNTech’s vaccine
               administered in British Columbia so far there have been 2 cases of                        [11]
               allergic reaction.
               [Israel; Report] On December 28, a 46-year-old man in Jerusalem
               suffered severe anaphylactic shock one hour after receiving a COVID-19
               vaccination. He is the first in Israel to have such a reaction, and is
               reportedly allergic to penicillin. His condition has since stabilized.
                                                                                                         [12]
               Separately, a 75-year old man died of heart failure at home some hours
               after receiving Pfizer BioNTech’s vaccine. The man was reported to have
               heart disease and cancer, and had suffered a number of previous heart
               attacks. While investigations are still ongoing, preliminary findings
               indicated that the death did not appear to be connected to the shot.
               [Finland; Report] On January 2, the first adverse reaction against the
                                                                                                         [13]
               vaccine was reported. No further details were released.
               [Mexico; Report] A 32-year-old doctor in Mexico has been admitted to
               intensive care unit with seizures, breathing difficulties and possible
               encephalomyelitis. While the cause of the adverse reaction is still under
               investigation, preliminary diagnosis indicates encephalomyelitis. The
               patient condition has been stablized and is receiving treatment to
                                                                                                         [14]
               reduce inflammation.
                                                                                                         [15]
               [Update] The doctor was allergic to sulfa drugs and has a family history
               of allergies. After developing allergic reaction, medication was
               administered to recover from the symptoms. However, she had
               subsequently suffered from convulsion. Diagnosis at that time was

18 | P a g e    Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                       COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

               allergic reaction to the vaccine but the cause for convulsion and
               reduction of muscle strength is still being studied.
               [Bulgaria; Report] As of January 4, Bulgaria’s Medicines Agency had
               received four reports of adverse reactions. One case of dizziness after
               administration, two cases of local pain at the vaccinated site, and one                    [16]
               case of a slight temperature increase. These side effects had passed off
               in less than a day.
               [Portugal; Report] A portugese health worker had suffered a sudden
               death 2 days after being vaccinated on 30 Dec. She did not suffer from
               any adverse side-effect after vaccinated and did not has any health
               problem. An autopsy is expected to be conducted soon.
                                                                                                          [17]
                                                                                                          [18]
               [Update] In a 5 January 2020 press release, the Portuguese Ministry of
               Justice informed that preliminary data from the autopsy showed “no
               evidence of a causal relationship between the death and the vaccine
               that was received.”
               [Mexico; Report] By January 5, more than 44,000 people have received
               the first shot. As of January 4, about 110 people had reported allergic
               reaction to the vaccine but 80% were mild and only 5 people require
               hospitalization. Only one person was severely affected and remain in
               hospital.

               [Update] As of 16 January 2021, 753 adverse events (729 mild and 24                        [19]
               serious) allegedly caused by vaccination and immunization were                             [20]
               reported since 24 December 2020. The 24 serious events were reported
               from Coahuila (7 reports), Mexico City (4 cases), Chihuahua, State of
               Mexico, Guanajuato, Oaxaca and Yucatan (2 reports each) and Baja
               California, Hidalgo and Jalisco (1 report each). Of the 24 serious events
               reports, 6 remain hospitalized while the remaining have been
               discharged.
               [United States; Publication] Centre of Disease Control and Prevention
               (CDC) has reviewed on the allergric reaction to the first dose of vaccine
               during 14 to 23 December. Among the 1,893,360 first doses
               administered, 4,393 (0.2%) adverse events were reported. 21 cases of
               anaphylaxis (11.1 cases per million doses) were detected and 17 of them
               had history of allergies or allergy reaction. Of the 21 cases, 4 of them
               were hospitalized including 3 in intensive care and 20 of them had
               discharged or recovered by 23 December. There were no death                                [21]
               reported.                                                                                  [22]
                                                                                                          [23]
               [Update] The total number of cases of anaphylaxis has been updated to
               29 as on 6 January.

               [Update] CDC has roughly estimated that one in a hundred thousand
               people who received the Pfizer vaccine had severe allergic reactions. An
               average rate of 11.1 anaphylaxis cases per one million doses
               administered was estimated.
               [United States; Report] A Florida doctor had died several weeks after
               receiving the vaccine on 18 Dec. He had suffered from hemorrhagic                          [24]
               stroke due to a lack of platelets. It is unclear if his death was related to               [25]
               the vaccine while his death is being investigated. It was reported that he

19 | P a g e    Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                      COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

               had dots on the skin indicating internal bleeding 3 days after the
               injection. Pfizer and BioNTech had not received any prior indication of
               possible connection to thrombocytopenia.

               [Update] As of 12 Jan, no evidence was obtained to suggest a
               connection between the vaccine and the death.
               [Canada; Report] Nine reports of adverse medical reactions which
               include a total of 65 symptoms, eight of which were considered severe,
               have been reported as of Jan. 1 but none were considered to be
               unexpected side effects.

               [Update] Fifteen new reports of adverse medical reactions, five of which
               were considered severe, have been reported as between January 1 and
               January 8. As of January 8, 24 reports of adverse effects were reported,
                                                                                                         [26]
               consisting of 10 serious and 14-nonserious reports. All reports were
                                                                                                         [27]
               considered to be expected side effects.
                                                                                                         [28]
               [Update] Sixty-six new reports of adverse medical reactions, 17 of which
               were considered severe, have been reported as between January 9 and
               January 15. As of January 15, 90 reports of adverse effects were
               reported, consisting of 27 serious and 63-nonserious reports. Most
               frequently reported adverse events were vaccination site reactions,
               paraesthesia, pruritis, urticaria, headache, hypoaesthesia, nausea and
               anaphylaxis.
               [France; Report] Six reports of serious adverse effects with a favourable
               outcome were reported in France during the 3rd week of vaccination: 4
                                                                                                         [29]
               cases of allergic reactions and 2 cases of tachycardia. Around 30 cases
               of non-serious adverse effects have been reported since 12 Jan 2021
               [Norway; Report] As of 14 Jan 2021, 29 reports of side effects were
               reported in Norway. The 29 reports consisted of 13 deaths, 9 serious
               side effects and 7 less serious side effects. The deaths were all amongst
               frail and elderly patients in nursing homes, aged at least 80 years.                      [30]
               Serious side effects reported included allergic reactions, strong malaise
               and severe fever. Less serious side effects include severe pain at
               injection site.
               [United States; Report] A healthcare worker in Alaksa experienced an
               allergic reaction to the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, 10 minutes within
                                                                                                         [31]
               receiving it on January 12. There was no information on allergy history
               of the healthcare worker.
               [Israel, Report] At least 13 cases of mild facial paralysis have been
                                                                                                         [32]
               reported upon receiving the vaccine.
               [United Kingdom, Report] A severe adverse medical reaction was
               reported from a medical councillor aged 42 years within minutes after
               receiving his vaccine on 8 January 2021. The councilor experienced                        [33]
               breathing difficulties, fever and muscle aches, and was hospitalized for 1
               day before his condition stabilized and eventually recovered.
               [Ireland, Report] As of 11 January 2021, 81 adverse events from
                                                                                                         [34]
               vaccination were reported, all involving expected mild side effects.
               [Singapore, Report] As of 27 January 2021, a total of 432 AEFIs were
                                                                                                         [35]
               reported amongst the 113,000 people who received the vaccine. All
                                                                                                         [36]
               reports were mild and reported expected side effects arising from

20 | P a g e    Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                      COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

               vaccination, except for 3 cases of anaphylaxis (SAE) reported. The cases
               were in their 20s and 30s, had a history of allergies, but no history of
               anaphylaxis which would have precluded them from receiving the
               vaccine. All 3 cases have recovered and were discharged from the
               hospital after a day’s observation or treatment.

               [Update] As of February 1, 2021 all four cases of anaphylaxis following
               vaccination have recovered, with none requiring intensive care unit
               support.
               [Belgium, Report] As of January 26, 2021 a total of 262 AEFIs were
               reported out of 243,412 vaccines administered, of which 37 were
                                                                                                         [37]
               serious AEFIs. Of the serious AEFIs reported, 14 were deaths amongst
               those aged over 70 years (9 deaths) or 90 years (5 years).
               [Croatia, Report] As of February 1, 2021 a total of 430 AEFIs were
               reported, of which 26 were allergic reactions and the rest were mild side
                                                                                                         [38]
               effects. The allergic reactions included 2 serious reactions, and 24 milder
               reactions.
               [United Kingdom; Report] A study conducted by Zoe, a British health
               science company had found that 37% of about 40,000 vaccinees in UK
               who were mostly healthcare workers had reported local side effects
               (e.g. swelling or pain near injection site) after first dose and 45% after                [39]
               second dose. Systemic side effects (e.g. fatigue) were rare with 14%
               after first dose and 22% after second dose. The side effect reported
               were lower as compared to FDA trials.
               [Romania; Report] A doctor from Valcea county had experienced
               temporary facial paralysis after receiving the second dose and has since
               fully recovered. This is the first rare and major side effect reported in
                                                                                                         [40]
               Romania. Since 27 Dec, there has been more than 2,100 common and
               minor side effects reported with a total of 629,279 people vaccinated by
               4 Feb.
               [United Kingdom; Report] The Medicines and Healthcare products
               Regulatory Agency (MHRA) had reported on the side effects of 7 million
               vaccine doses (5.4 million Pfizer/BioNTech & 1.5 million of the
               AstraZeneca) administered by 24 Jan. Yellow card system was used for
               vaccinated people to report side effect. There was an average of 3
               yellow cards per 1,000 doses administered. There were 16,756 yellow
                                                                                                         [41]
               card for the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine; 6,014 for the Oxford University-
               AstraZeneca vaccine and 50 for unspecified brand of the vaccine. Most
               reports were related to injection site or otherwise generalized
               symptoms (e.g. flu-like illness). These symptoms had occured shortly
               after vaccination and were not associated with more serious or lasting
               illness.
               [United States; Report] The FDA advisory committee has noted a special
               side effect of the vaccine from the clinical trials involving several
               patients with cosmetic facial fillers. The patients who experienced side
                                                                                                         [42]
               effect all had swelling and inflammation in the area that was given the
 Moderna       filler. All reactions were resolved following treatment with steroids and
               antihistamines.
               [United States; Report] A Boston doctor experienced severe allergic
               reactions after receiving the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine on December                        [43]
               24. The doctor has a history of shellfish allergy.

21 | P a g e    Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                      COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

               [Canada; Report] On December 17, the US FDA reported two cases of
               adverse reactions in individuals who had received the Moderna vaccine.
               Both patients previously had dermal fillers and experienced some                          [44]
               swelling following the vaccination. The cases were likely to have
               occurred in Toronto, Canada.
               [United States; Report] A frontline worker in Robstown had experienced
               immediate numbness on the face after receiving the vaccine a week ago                     [45]
               but continues to have soreness and redness to her arms.
               [United States; Publication] Phase 3 clinical trial involving 30,420
               volunteers had observed higher frequency of moderate, transient
               reactogenicity after vaccination in the vaccine group. Serious adverse
               events were rare and the incidence was similar between the placebo
               and vaccine groups. Hence there were no safety concern, apart from the
                                                                                                         [46]
               transient local and systemic reactions.
                                                                                                         [47]
               [Update] The vaccine showed a 94.1% efficacy rate in its phase 3 trial,
               and serious adverse events occurred in just 0.6% of patients. A total of 2
               deaths were reported in the vaccine group, one was due to
               cardiopulmonary arrest and the other was a suicide.
               [United States; Report] On 31 December, the Oregon Health Authority
               reported a case of anaphylaxis after a healthcare worker had taken the                    [48]
               vaccine this week and is recovering in the hospital.
               [Guidance] A new guidance from the American Society for Dermatologic
               Surgery (ASDS) has been released regarding side effects from the SARS-
               CoV-2 mRNA vaccine on dermal fillers. FDA data reports show three
                                                                                                         [49]
               participants out of 15,184 who received at least one dose of Moderna’s
               mRNA-1273 vaccine have developed lip for facial swelling in areas of
               dermal filler placement.
               [United States; Report] A Missouri healthcare worker experienced
               severe allergic reaction after receiving the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine
                                                                                                         [50]
               on December 29. The healthcare worker has a history of severe allergy
               reaction to MRI contrast dye.
               [United States, Report] Six reports of allergy reactions requiring medical
               attention 24 hours from vaccination, were reported amongst healthcare
               workers on 14 January 2021. The healthcare workers were vaccinated
               with lot 41L20A from the same vaccination site in San Diego. The site is                  [51]
               temporarily closed for now and using other vaccines. California health
               officials recommend suspending the use of lot 41L20A, until
               investigation are complete.
               [United States, Report] A fatality was reported in a resident from a
               retirement home, after receiving the vaccine. Investigation on whether                    [52]
               the fatality was linked to receiving the vaccine is underway.
               [United States, Report] As of January 29, 2021 a total of 287 AEFIs were
               reported amongst 250,000 vaccines administered in Texas, of which 11
               were serious AEFIs. The 11 AEFI reports included the death of an 84
               years-old woman, permanent disability in another patient, and the                         [53]
               remaining spent at most 4 days hospitalized.                                              [54]

               [Update] As of 5 Feb, 2021, the The Centers for Disease Control had
               reported that 619,452 second doses have been administered in Texas

22 | P a g e    Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                        COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

                 with 15 significant reports of side effect. Only 4 of them required
                 hospital stay that had lasted less than 5 days.
                 [Croatia, Report] As of February 1, 2021 a total of 13 AEFIs were
                                                                                                           [55]
                 reported, all of which were mild side effects.
                 [Argentina; Report] Of the total 32,013 patients who had received the
 Sputnik V       vaccine, 1% (317 patients) had reported mild adverse reaction (fever                      [56]
                 and headache).
                 [India, Report] Ninety-three reports of adverse events following
                 immunization with Astrazeneca & Oxford Uni. ( and Bharat Biotech)
                 vaccines were reported from Delhi (51 mild and 1 serious report),
                 Haryana (13 mild reports), Maharashtra (14 mild reports) and Kolkata
                 (13 mild and 1 serious report). No fatalities have been reported.

                 [Update] Between 16 January and 17 January, 447 reports of adverse
                 events following immunization have been reported across India. Only 3
                 of the reports involved serious adverse events requiring hospitalization,
                 of which only 1 remains hospitalized.

                 [Update] 82 AEFIs were reported across India on 20 January 2021. All
                 AEFIs reported were mild cases.

                 [Update] On the 22 Jan, Day 4 of the coronavirus vaccination drive in
                 Delhi, 5,942 people were reportedly administered the shots and adverse
                 events following immunisation (AEFI) was reported in 24 persons.                          [57]
                                                                                                           [58]
                 [Update] On 24 Jan, the fifth day of India’s Covid-19 vaccination drive,                  [59]
                 the city of Gurugram reported 3 cases of AEFI amongst 3,055 shots                         [60]
 Astrazeneca &   administed.                                                                               [61]
 Oxford Uni.                                                                                               [62]
                 [Update] The Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India                         [63]
                 announced 23 January that over 10 lakh people had already been                            [64]
                 immunised in the first six days (up to 21 January), but the total number                  [65]
                 of AEFIs reported by the ministry in its daily press releases so far adds up              [66]
                 to 1,239 out of 15,37,190 inoculations, or 0.08 per cent. Just 11 people
                 have had to be hospitalised (0.0007 per cent), while seven deaths have
                 been reported — six of which are “not causally linked” to the vaccine,
                 while in the seventh case, the post mortem report is awaited.

                 [Update] A total of 19,50,183 beneficiaries were inoculated in 35,785
                 sessions till 7.10 pm on Monday 25 Jan, including 3,34,679 in 7,171
                 sessions during the day, the ministry said. A total of 348 adverse events
                 following immunisation (AEFIs) were reported till 7.10 pm on 25 Jan, the
                 10th day of the vaccination drive.

                 [Update] A total of 213 ARFIs were reported up till 7 pm on January 29,
                 2021 across India, of the 33,68,734 vaccines administered

                 [Update] The Minstry of Health and Family Welfare had reported more
                 than 40 lakh healthcare and frontline workers have been vaccinated. A
                 total of 8,563 AEFIs (0.18%) and 34 hospitalized cases (0.0007%) have

23 | P a g e      Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                            COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

                  been reported. There were 19 deaths of vaccinated people but there has
                  been no evidence on the link between vaccination and the death.
                  [India, Report] A female volunteer from a village in Andhra Pradesh
                  had died 2 days after administered with the vaccine on 5 Feb. She was
 Unspecified      normal and there was no symptoms of fever or adverse effect after the                        [67]
                  vaccination. Post-mortem will be conducted to identify the cause of
                  death.
 Therapeutic/Drug Report/Guidance                                                                          Reference
 NIL              NIL                                                                                      NIL

x.      Scientific Publications with Epidemiology and Clinical Focus
Clinical Stratification of Pregnant COVID-19 Patients based on Severity: A Single Academic Center
Experience [1]

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe baseline characteristics of a cohort of pregnant women
infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and determine if these
correlate with disease severity and perinatal outcomes.

Study design: This was a retrospective cohort trial conducted at the University of Texas Medical Branch
Galveston, Texas. All pregnant women presented to our medical center, who were screened and tested
positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus, were included. We stratified our study population in three groups:
asymptomatic, symptomatic not requiring oxygen therapy, and patients requiring oxygen support to
maintain oxygen saturation >94%. Relevant population characteristics, laboratory data, and maternal and
neonatal outcomes were abstracted. A p-value
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                           COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

 xi.     Sources
 Global Risk Assessment
 1. https://www.trip.com/travel-restrictions-covid-19/
 2. https://losangeleno.com/coronavirus-los-angeles/october-1/
 3. https://www.europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com/news/126922/study-shows-anticoagulation-
     therapy-beneficial-for-covid-19-patients/
 4. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/02/health/coronavirus-steroids.html
 5. https://news.abs-cbn.com/overseas/04/22/20/israeli-firm-treating-covid-19-patients-with-placenta-
     cells-reports
 6. https://www.khaleejtimes.com/coronavirus-pandemic/uae-stem-cell-therapy-for-coronavirus-
     treats-over-2000-patients-1200-fully-recover-
 7. https://www.dailytarheel.com/article/2020/11/university-baric-lab-researchers
 8. https://www.todayonline.com/world/relief-neurorx-say-emergency-treatment-rlf-100-helps-
     critically-ill-covid-patients
 9. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/us-plasma-treatment-covid-19-donald-trump-fda-
     13046312
 10. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-eli-lilly-fda-idUSKBN27P35L
 11. https://bc.ctvnews.ca/vancouver-developed-covid-19-treatment-approved-for-use-1.5201168
 12. https://www.outsourcing-pharma.com/Article/2020/11/23/FDA-grants-EUA-for-combo-COVID-19-
     treatment
 13. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2246746/3-ethiopia-use-dexamethasone-covid-19-patients/
 14. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-12/03/c_139560671.htm

 Travel Bans/Advisories & Quarantine Orders
1. https://www.thelocal.at/20210207/austria-tightens-border-controls
2. https://news.gtp.gr/2021/02/07/greece-extends-covid-19-travel-restrictions-domestic-international-
    flights/

 Lockdowns
 Refer to Situation Report 91 for all updates before 1st May 2020
1. https://cyprus-mail.com/2021/02/07/coronavirus-cyprus-enters-second-phase-of-measures-
    relaxations-on-monday/
2. https://news.gtp.gr/2021/02/07/greece-extends-covid-19-travel-restrictions-domestic-international-
    flights/
3. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/covid-19-malaysia-chinese-new-year-reunion-dinner-
    prayers-14132416
4. https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/603300

  Military Surveillance
1. https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/british-troops-lockdown-kenya-after-23459521

  Vaccine/Therapeutics Development
1. https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2021/02/07/indonesia-approves-china039s-
   sinovac-vaccine-for-the-elderly
2. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/7/iran-to-start-human-trials-on-second-local-covid-vaccine

 25 | P a g e          Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                            COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

  Compilation of Adverse Reactions
1. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/covid-19-vaccine-manitoba-adverse-affect-1.5854915
2. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9085941/Pfizer-COVID-19-vaccine-causing-allergic-
    reactions-rate-superior-shots.html
3. https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-york-city-health-care-worker-has-severe-adverse-reaction-to-
    covid-19-vaccine-11608760982
4. https://www.eastidahonews.com/2020/12/two-have-severe-allergic-reactions-after-receiving-covid-
    19-vaccine-in-idaho/
5. https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/second-severe-reaction-to-covid-19-vaccine-
    reported-in-us/article33370132.ece
6. https://www.wvtm13.com/article/severe-allergic-reaction-reported-following-covid-19-immunization-
    in-alabama/35059745#
7. https://www.fox21online.com/2020/12/21/two-essentia-health-employees-had-allergic-reactions-to-
    covid-19-vaccine/
8. https://www.capegazette.com/article/covid-19-vaccine-discussing-most-common-side-effects/213242
9. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/covid-vaccine-pfizer-allergic-reaction-cdc-
    b1776776.html
10. http://www.koreabiomed.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=10027
11. https://bc.ctvnews.ca/not-unexpected-b-c-reports-2-allergic-reactions-to-covid-19-vaccine-1.5247974
12. https://www.timesofisrael.com/family-ministry-say-no-link-to-vaccine-as-man-dies-hours-after-
    inoculation/
13. https://www.aninews.in/news/world/europe/finland-confirms-first-adverse-reaction-to-
    pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine20210102190911/
14. https://www.livemint.com/news/world/arg-reports-adverse-reaction-to-sputnik-v-doc-gets-side-
    effects-from-pfizer-jab-11609633103810.html
15. https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/coronavirus/covid-vaccinations-have-produced-110-allergic-
    reactions/
16. https://sofiaglobe.com/2021/01/04/second-shipment-of-covid-19-vaccines-arrives-in-bulgaria/
17. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9111311/Portuguese-health-worker-41-dies-two-days-
    getting-Pfizer-covid-vaccine.html
18. https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/covid-19-vaccine-did-not-cause-the-death-of-a-portuguese-
    woman-contrary-to-social-media-posts-suggestions/
19. https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/coronavirus/covid-vaccinations-have-produced-110-allergic-
    reactions/
20. https://www.explica.co/six-people-are-hospitalized-for-adverse-reactions-to-vaccine/
21. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7002e1.htm?s_cid=mm7002e1_w
22. https://www.thehealthsite.com/news/29-cases-of-anaphylaxis-reported-after-initial-mrna-based-
    covid-19-shots-in-the-us-789791/
23. https://clicklancashire.com/2021/01/09/severe-allergic-reaction-in-21-vaccinated-people.html
24. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2021/01/06/death-florida-doctor-following-pfizer-
    covid-19-vaccine-under-investigation-gregory-michael/6574414002/
25. https://lancasteronline.com/news/health/news-briefs/article_2ec8e295-3dd6-5e6f-a719-
    b1e456e67e3e.html
26. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/adverse-events-covid-19-vaccines-1.5866357
27. https://health-infobase.canada.ca/covid-19/vaccine-safety/#summary

 26 | P a g e           Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
For citation: Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research-NUS.
                                                                             COVID-19 Situation Report 375. 8 February 2021

28. https://health-infobase.canada.ca/covid-19/vaccine-safety/#a3
29. https://ansm.sante.fr/S-informer/Actualite/Point-de-situation-sur-la-surveillance-des-vaccins-contre-
    la-COVID-192
30. https://sputniknews.com/europe/202101151081772909-norway-links-13-deaths-to-pfizer-vaccines-
    side-effects/
31. https://abc7.com/covid-19-pandemic-vaccine-moderna-side-effects/9012113/
32. https://www.rt.com/news/512736-israel-facial-paralysis-13-covid-vaccine/
33. https://www.lep.co.uk/health/coronavirus/preston-councillor-rushed-hospital-severe-covid-vaccine-
    side-effects-3103026
34. https://www.thejournal.ie/vaccines-lorraine-nolan-5328674-Jan2021/
35. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/anaphylaxis-covid-19-vaccine-severe-allergic-
    reaction-moh-14063090
36. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/four-who-had-severe-allergic-reactions-from-covid-19-
    vaccines-have-recovered-none-needed
37. https://www.socialnews.xyz/2021/01/30/belgium-reports-covid-19-surge-in-children/
38. https://www.total-croatia-news.com/news/50221-ventilators-in-croatia
39. https://www.forbes.com/sites/carlieporterfield/2021/02/04/more-than-one-in-three-people-in-uk-
    study-report-side-effects-from-pfizer-coronavirus-vaccine/?sh=7ca46cb539ef
40. https://www.romania-insider.com/rare-side-effect-covid-vaccine-romania
41. https://newseu.cgtn.com/news/2021-02-06/UK-health-regulator-issues-report-on-side-effects-of-
    COVID-19-vaccines-XDVbVoKdZm/index.html
42. https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/us-healthcare-worker-suffers-allergic-
    reaction-to-pfizer-vax/79789164
43. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/12/25/health/boston-health-care-worker-allergic-reaction-moderna-
    coronavirus-vaccine/index.html
44. https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/2-patients-with-facial-fillers-saw-swelling-after-
    receiving-moderna-vaccine-fda-1.5248564
45. https://www.kiiitv.com/article/news/health/coronavirus/vaccine/adverse-reactions-from-the-
    coronavirus-vaccine-are-minor-health-experts-explain-the-reaction-a-woman-had-at-the-drive-thru-
    clinic-in-robstown/503-cd33e1b5-138c-40e7-8e73-eef1f968e8cb
46. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2035389
47. https://www.contagionlive.com/view/moderna-vaccine-study-data-shows-94-1-efficacy-serious-side-
    effects-rare
48. https://katu.com/news/coronavirus/oregon-health-care-worker-hospitalized-after-severe-reaction-to-
    coronavirus-vaccine
49. https://www.dermatologytimes.com/view/guidance-issued-for-covid-19-vaccine-side-effects-in-
    dermal-filler-patients
50. https://fox4kc.com/tracking-coronavirus/important-information-to-know-after-metro-healthcare-
    worker-suffers-severe-allergic-reaction-from-covid-19-vaccine/
51. https://www.marketwatch.com/story/california-health-official-urges-halt-to-300-000-moderna-
    vaccinations-after-reports-of-allergic-reactions-01611011648
52. https://www.iheartradio.ca/am800/news/local-retirement-home-resident-dies-after-receiving-covid-
    19-vaccine-investigation-launched-1.14400880

 27 | P a g e           Centre for infectious disease epidemiology and research
You can also read