Autofacts New Mobility and Supply Chain Impacts - Update of Research Results

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                            Autofacts®
                            New Mobility and Supply Chain Impacts
                            - Update of Research Results -

TechPart

Heidelberg, 13. September
2018
The Availability of Autonomous Technology will Trigger the Transformation of Mobility
Starting with limited capabilities, autonomous vehicle technology is expected to have a significant impact on personal
mobility and society, creating new markets for individual mobility types and inducing more mobility demand
Person kilometers per Year– Consolidated Scenario                      Person kilometers per Year– Consolidated Scenario
WE, NA, China                                                          Germany
               20                                     Shared                         1                                       Shared
   Trillions

                                                                        Trillions
                                                      autonomous                                                             autonomous
               18                                                                   0,9

               16                                                                   0,8

                                                      Personally                                                             Personally
               14                                                                   0,7
                                                      owned                                                                  owned
                                                      autonomous                                                             autonomous
               12                                                                   0,6

               10                                                                   0,5
                                                      Shared driver-                                                         Shared driver-
               8                                      driven                        0,4                                      driven

               6                                                                    0,3

               4                                      Personally                    0,2                                      Personally
                                                      owned driver-                                                          owned driver-
               2                                      driven                        0,1                                      driven

               0                                                                     0
                    2018   2020    2025        2030                                       2018   2020     2025        2030

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                                               2
New Mobility Types will Create New Ways of Using Vehicles for Individual Mobility
Autonomous vehicles will be used much more intensely than conventional cars, reducing the duration of their lifecycle and
creating higher replacement demand in spite of shrinking overall vehicle fleet

                                           Lifecycle Mileage        Annual Mileage               Usage Years

                  Self-driven
                  Privately Owned              229.500                  13.230                                 17,3

                  Shared                       227.500                 58.000                     3,9

                  Autonomous
                  Privately Owned                   327.500          42.000                             7,8

                  Shared                             342.000                     93.000          3,7

  Forecast for 2030 – WE Normal Scenario

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                             3
New Mobility Types will Require a smaller Car Parc due to Higher Annual Mileage per Vehicle
While personally-owned, driver-driven vehicles will be retired only slowly, fleets for new mobility types will be built up
quickly and provide an over-proportionate share of total mobility
Passenger Vehicle Parc – Consolidated Scenario                           Passenger Vehicle Parc – Consolidated Scenario
WE, NA, China                                                            Germany
              860                                       Shared                        45                                         Shared
   Millions

                                                                           Millions
                                                        autonomous                                                               autonomous
              840                                                                     44

              820                                                                     43

                                                        Personally                                                               Personally
              800                                                                     42
                                                        owned                                                                    owned
                                                        autonomous                                                               autonomous
              780                                                                     41

              760                                                                     40
                                                        Shared driver-                                                           Shared driver-
              740                                       driven                        39                                         driven

              720                                                                     38

              700                                       Personally                    37                                         Personally
                                                        owned driver-                                                            owned driver-
              680                                       driven                        36                                         driven

              660                                                                     35
                    2018   2020    2025          2030                                      2018   2020      2025          2030

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                                                   4
The Transformation of Mobility will all but Decrease Vehicle Sales, in Spite of Shrinking Parc
In addition to the build-up of new mobility fleets, the more intensely used autonomous and shared vehicles will be
replaced quicker and create additional new vehicle demand
Passenger Vehicle Sales – Consolidated Scenario                           Passenger Vehicle Sales – Consolidated Scenario
WE, NA, China                                                             Germany
              80                                         Shared                       4,5                                          Shared
   Millions

                                                                           Millions
                                                         autonomous                                                                autonomous
              70                                                                       4

                                                                                      3,5
              60
                                                         Personally                                                                Personally
                                                         owned                         3                                           owned
              50                                         autonomous                                                                autonomous
                                                                                      2,5
              40
                                                         Shared driver-                2                                           Shared driver-
                                                         driven                                                                    driven
              30
                                                                                      1,5

              20
                                                                                       1
                                                         Personally                                                                Personally
              10                                         owned driver-                                                             owned driver-
                                                         driven                       0,5                                          driven

              0                                                                        0
                   2018   2020     2025           2030                                      2018   2020      2025           2030

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                                                     5
The Introduction of Autonomous Driving will be Hampered by Numerous External Factors
While technology, lawmakers, insurances, leasing companies and conventional car buyers seem to align to keep
autonomous vehicles off the roads, mobility users and urban planners see great potential in new mobility types
New LV Sales – Consolidated Scenario                          New LV Sales – Consolidated Scenario
WE, NA, China                                                 Germany
             80                                                          4,5
  Millions

                                                              Millions
             70                                                           4
                                                   Level 5                                                       Level 5
                                                                         3,5
             60
                                                   Level 4                3                                      Level 4
             50
                                                                         2,5
                                                   Level 3                                                       Level 3
             40
                                                                          2
             30                                    Level 2                                                       Level 2
                                                                         1,5

             20
                                                   Level 1                1                                      Level 1

             10                                                          0,5
                                                   Level 0                                                       Level 0

             0                                                            0
                  2018   2020     2025   2030                                  2018   2020      2025   2030

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                            3
New Mobility Sub-Markets will Accelerate the Substitution of Conventional Drivetrains
Especially in Urban Areas, pressure towards locally emission-free vehicles will increase rapidly. Due to the foreseeable
change of user and customer expectations, demand patterns will change even faster than regulatory requirements.
New LV Sales – Consolidated Scenario                             New LV Sales – Consolidated Scenario
WE, NA, China                                                    Germany
              80                                                             4,5
   Millions

                                                                  Millions
              70                                                              4

                                                                             3,5
              60                                    Electric                                                       Electric

                                                                              3
              50
                                                                             2,5
              40
                                                    Hybrid                    2                                    Hybrid

              30
                                                                             1,5

              20
                                                                              1
                                                    Combustion                                                     Combustion
              10                                                             0,5

              0                                                               0
                   2018   2020    2025   2030                                      2018   2020     2025   2030

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                                 3
At the Example of the German Market, both Sales as well as Value per Car are Expected to Grow
While the acceleration of market dynamics in the new mobility segments increase volume, added content for autonomous
driving and connectivity create new volume and cost dynamics in new and conventional technologies
                                         Total Sales, Total Cost per Vehicle (Germany)
  4.000.000                                                                                                  €21.000,00

  3.900.000                                                                                                  €20.500,00

                                                                                                             €20.000,00
  3.800.000

                                                                                                             €19.500,00
  3.700.000
                                                                                                             €19.000,00
  3.600.000
                                                                                                             €18.500,00
  3.500.000
                                                                                                             €18.000,00

  3.400.000
                                                                                                             €17.500,00

  3.300.000                                                                                                  €17.000,00

  3.200.000                                                                                                  €16.500,00
                                                          Sales     CPV

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                           4
While the cost of ICE cars is expected to remain stable, BEV will see significant cost reductions
BEV costs are elevated by small-scale production but will decrease as battery-costs decline. As average capacity of BEV is
assumed to rise – plus a higher share of autonomous technology – value per car remains higher than pure ICE
                                                          Average CPV ICE vs. BEV
     €40.000,00

     €35.000,00

     €30.000,00

     €25.000,00

     €20.000,00

     €15.000,00

     €10.000,00

      €5.000,00

            €-
                  2017   2018   2019   2020   2021           2022    2023         2024          2025    2026   2027   2028   2029   2030

                                                     Average BEV    Average ICE          Average PHEV

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                                            5
The Total Value Add of Vehicles is Expected to Grow – But Differently in Different Functional Areas
Main growth areas are in E/E, interior and chassis components, as sensoring and actuation become more important in all
areas of the vehicle. Electric powertrains require new NVH and comfort applications especially in vehicle interiors
                                                             Total Value Add (Germany)
                  90
       Billions

                                                                                                                     Total
                                                                                                                     Connected&Autonomous
                  80
                                                                                                                     Total Interior
                  70
                                                                                                                     Total Exterior
                  60

                                                                                                                     Total Body
                  50

                  40                                                                                                 Total E/E

                  30                                                                                                 Total Chassis

                  20                                                                                                 Total Powertrain Electric

                  10
                                                                                                                     Total Powertrain Combustion

                  0
                   2018   2019   2020   2021   2022   2023    2024    2025     2026      2027   2028   2029   2030

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                                                    8
At the Example of Cars Sold in Germany, Total Powertrain Value add is Expected to Increase until 2030
The value add of total powertrain technologies is calculated on the basis of ongoing cost reductions through efficiency
gains, but offset with new exhaust gas treatment technology and requirements
                                            Total Value Add Combustion, Electric Powertrain (Germany)
            35
 Billions

            30

            25

            20                                                                                                        Total Powertrain Electric

            15

            10                                                                                                        Total Powertrain Combustion

            5

            0
             2018   2019   2020   2021   2022    2023     2024      2025     2026     2027     2028     2029   2030

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                                                     5
While Mechanical ICE Technologies Decrease in Value, Exhaust Gas Treatment will drive Value Add
Volume impacts from Electric powertrains are not forecast to become noticeable before 2025, while exhaust gas treatment
technologies offer significant opportunities. ICE for Hybrids tend to be mechanically simpler but require new application
                                                  Value Add Combustion Powertrain (Germany)
              25
   Billions

                                                                                                                   Transmission

              20
                                                                                                                   Cooling

              15                                                                                                   Exhaust System

              10                                                                                                   Intake System

                                                                                                                   Fuel System
              5

                                                                                                                   Base Engine

              0
               2018   2019   2020   2021   2022   2023    2024    2025     2026    2027       2028   2029   2030

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                                     6
Due to Combined Volume and Value Effects, Electric Drivetrains offer Business Opportunities
Even assuming aggressive cost reduction potential, the fast rise of electric drivetrains creates significant business
opportunities, requiring fast decisions even today – but a long-term strategy and large financial resources
                                                              Value Add Electric Powertrain (Germany)
                6                                                                                                            12
     Billions

                                                                                                                                  Billions
                                                                                                                                             Inverter, Charging

                5                                                                                                            10
                                                                                                                                             Transmission

                4                                                                                                            8               Cooling

                3                                                                                                            6               Exhaust System

                                                                                                                                             Power Electronics,
                2                                                                                                            4               security

                                                                                                                                             Electric Motor &
                1                                                                                                            2               Generator

                                                                                                                                             Energy Storage

                0                                                                                                            0
                    2018   2019   2020   2021   2022   2023       2024      2025      2026      2027    2028   2029   2030

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                                                                   6
Forseeable changes in Value Add can come in Several Different Ways – only Substitution is Lethal
The automotive industry has been handling technological progress continuously over 130 years – mostly as technology
leader. Upcoming changes may require the adaptation of non-automotive technologies and processes

                         Evolution                                                Transformation

                          Process                                                    Technology

   Quantitative                               Qualitative      Disruptive                                 Substitutional

PwC Autofacts ®                                                                                                            9
Contact and Further Information
                  Christoph Stürmer                                                                                             Gunnar Jordan
                  Autofacts Global Lead Analyst                                                                                 Autofacts Analyst
                  PwC Germany (Europe)                                                                                          PwC Germany (Europe)
                  T: +49 69 9585 6269                                                                                           T: +49 711 25034 1195
                  E: christoph.stuermer@de.pwc.com                                                                              E: gunnar.jordan@pwc.com

    The information contained in this report represents the culmination of proprietary research conducted by Autofacts, an analytical group within the PwC Research & Analysis Organisation. All material contained in this
    report was developed independently of any PwC client relationship and does not represent the firm’s view as an auditor to any legal business entity. While every effort has been made to ensure the quality of
    information provided, no representation or warranty of any kind (whether expressed or implied) is given by PwC as to the accuracy, completeness or fitness for any purpose of this document. As such, this document
    does not constitute the giving of investment advice, nor a part of any advice on investment decisions. Accordingly, regardless of the form of action, whether in contract, tort or otherwise, and to the extent permitted by
    applicable law, PwC accepts no liability of any kind and disclaims all responsibility for the consequences of any person acting or refraining from acting in reliance on this document.

    © 2018 PwC. All rights reserved. "PwC" refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (a Delaware limited liability partnership) or, as the context requires, other member firms of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Ltd.,
      each of which is a separate and independent legal entity.

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