A life in Telecoms Alan Nunn, Consulting Director March 2021 - TechSkills
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A life in Telecoms Alan Nunn, Consulting Director March 2021
Agenda
About me Software, Hardware and clouds
About CGI Draw a bigger picture
35 years in 3 minutes Understand the numbers
Career decisions and turning points Value chains
A degree of applied understanding Regulation and standards
From energy to telecoms Life as a general expert
© 2021 CGI Inc. 2
Public
About me:
Consulting Director in CGI – using my expertise to develop propositions and win business
Member of Ofcom Advisory Committee for England – bringing external perspective to Ofcom
Lets look at how I got here…
© 2021 CGI Inc. 3
Public
C GI OV E R V I E W : H E L P I N G C L I E N TS B E C O ME D I G I TA L TH R O U G H E N D - TO - E N D S E R V I C E S
CGI at a glance
Founded in 1976
44 years of excellence
CA$12.1 billion revenue
77,500 consultants
400 locations in 40 countries
5,500 clients benefiting from
end-to-end services
170+ IP-based solutions
serving 50,000 clients
© 2021 CGI Inc. 4
Public
C GI OV E R V I E W : H E L P I N G C L I E N TS B E C O ME D I G I TA L TH R O U G H E N D - TO - E N D S E R V I C E S
Range of services and differentiators
Strategic IT Managed IT and
End-to-end Systems
and business business process
services integration
consulting services
Intellectual property solutions and services as value creation accelerators for clients
Differentiators Client-proximity model
Global antenna for the benefit of our clients
Local and global expertise by industry
Global delivery network
© 2021 CGI Inc. 5
Public
Alan Nunn
(35 years in 3 minutes)
• O Levels, A Levels
• BSc in Electrical and Electronic
Engineering
• Thin Sandwich – Rolls Royce
• BT – graduate entry
• Software development
• Systems development
• Systems architect
• Deployment and migration
• Technology strategy
• Business strategy
• CGI – Subject Matter Expert
• Ofcom – Advisory Committee for England
© 2021 CGI Inc. 6
Public
Career plan ?
My main goals:
1. Do what I enjoy doing
2. Do things which use my skills
3. Do things where I can learn
4. Pay the bills
5. Achieve sensible work-life balance
© 2021 CGI Inc. 7
Public
Career decisions and
turning points
• O Levels, A Levels
Basics
• BSc in Electrical and Electronic
Engineering
• Thin Sandwich – Rolls Royce
• BT – graduate entry
Technical
• Software development
• Systems development
• Systems architect
• Deployment and migration
Business
• Technology strategy
• Business strategy
• CGI – Subject Matter Expert
• Ofcom – Advisory Committee for England
© 2021 CGI Inc. 8
Public
Developing your capabilities
Career 4
Career 3
Solid education is just the start
Career 2
Career 1
Knowledge – you know things
Ed 3
Ed Experience – you have done things
1,2
Network – you know people
Emotional maturity – know know what
makes people tick
© 2021 CGI Inc. 9
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A degree of applied understanding
Gas Turbine pipeline pumping station
• Computing
• Control Systems
HMS Sheffield (Type 42 Destroyer)
https://www.brunel.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/Electronic-and-Electrical-Engineering-BEng By Nathalmad, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=38342398
© 2021 CGI Inc. 10
PublicFrom energy to telecoms
…triggered by outsourcing
© 2021 CGI Inc. 11
PublicSoftware, Hardware and Clouds
Back in the day, software was standalone and ran on dedicated hardware
….now we expect anything to work on any device, anywhere
© 2021 CGI Inc. 12
PublicSoftware, Hardware and Clouds
What to put in the device ?
What to put in the middle ?
Key Pressed Ring Phone
Display text Answered
Audio Audio
© 2021 CGI Inc. 13
PublicSoftware, Hardware and Clouds
What to put in the device ?
What to put in the middle ?
Connect to x@y
Text
Audio
Video
Other media
© 2021 CGI Inc. 14
PublicThe bigger picture - how does it work every time, without fail ?
Resilience Redundancy Failure Modes
• Protecting against errors • More than one • What could go wrong?
• Default behaviour • How to share the load? • What happens when it does?
• Catching the unexpected • How many is enough? • Does it matter?
• How to recover?
• How to prevent recurrence?
“A good programmer is someone
who always looks both ways before
crossing a one-way street”
Doug Linder
© 2021 CGI Inc. 15
PublicNTSB image showing
containment device
(United Boeing 777, Feb
2021, story from
Flightglobal)
© 2021 CGI Inc. 16
PublicRoot cause – Metal Fatigue
Secondary damage
© 2021 CGI Inc. 17
Public
Image sources: NTSBRedundancy in practice – BT 0800 service
Number translation – you dial 0800 123 456, but call is connected to a geographic number
Network intelligence:
Intelligence
(3 sites)
Routing Signalling Signalling Signalling Signalling
Relay Relay Relay Relay
(4 sites)
Traffic source
...~200…
© 2021 CGI Inc. 18
PublicDeploying an upgrade without impacting service
What needs to be thought about BEFORE migration ?
When is the best time to do it ?
What happens at the time of migration ?
© 2021 CGI Inc. 19
PublicDeploying an upgrade without impacting service
1 – Get the data right (included data cleanse in advance, data freeze on the night)
2 – Point the traffic at the new sites
1 – Get the data into the
3 – Monitor everything and have rollback strategy ready to go new Intelligence layer
4 – Clean up afterwards
2 – Reconfigure sources to
© 2021 CGI Inc. point to new system 20
(Gradual, monitor)
PublicBringing it up to date…
Any device on the internet can access any server in the world
Device estimates ~25Bn globally, Generating 463Eb of data each day
Servers in cloud
Servers in “the cloud” provide the services
Routing via Internet Routing Internet Internet Internet Internet
Router Router Router Router
Access networks not shown – fixed and Traffic source
mobile
...~25Bn…
© 2021 CGI Inc. 21
PublicUnderstand the numbers
© 2021 CGI Inc. 22
Source: World economic Forum
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/04/how-much-data-is-generated-each-day-cf4bddf29f/
PublicMetcalfe’s law
Metcalfe's law states that the effect of a telecommunications
network is proportional to the square of the number of
connected users of the system (n2).
2 devices can make 1 connection
5 devices can make 10 connections
12 devices can make 66 connections
N x (N-1) / 2
At the end of 2019 – 3.8 billion mobile internet users
…that’s a lot of connections…
© 2021 CGI Inc. 24
PublicSo what does that sort of growth mean ?
I don’t pay for Does it make a Why is my
The internet is Why I keep
the internet, just difference if I internet so
free, it doesn’t getting spam
for my phone spend all day on SLOW
matter. messages ?
services. Netflix? sometimes ?
Who pays ? Who gets the benefit ?
© 2021 CGI Inc. 25
PublicValue chains
Connectivity Compute Traditional TV & Apps
• Ducts and Store Telecom Content • Person to Person
• Fibre • Cloud compute • Fixed & Mob. • Content creation • Person to
• Core network • Storage Voice • Content resellers Business
• Access network • Broadband & • Value add • Business to
CPE services Business
• Data Circuits • Person to Thing
• Hosted products • Thing to Thing
© 2021 CGI Inc. 26
PublicCompany values $2.1Tn $112Bn
$102Bn
$1.4Tn $1.8Tn
Connectivity Compute Traditional TV & Apps $230Bn
• Ducts and Store Telecom Content • Person to Person
• Fibre • Cloud compute • Fixed & Mob. • Content creation • Person to
• Core network • Storage Voice • Content resellers Business
• Access network • Broadband & • Value add • Business to
CPE services Business
• Data Circuits • Person to Thing
• Hosted products • Thing to Thing
$1.6Tn
© 2021 CGI Inc. 27
$19Bn
$12Bn $1.8Tn
PublicMarket Capitalisation of industries (Feb 2021, $Bn)
© 2021 CGI Inc. 28
PublicRegulation and Standards
Local Market
Communications Networks rfc2616 = http://
Communications Services Rfc1149 = ?
Spectrum
Broadcasting Ofcom
Newspapers and Media
UK Law European
Communications
Act 2003
Prevent abuse of a
dominant position UK Competition Act 1998
© 2021 CGI Inc.
General / Global 29
PublicRegulation and standards in the ecosystem
Technical Standards
APIs User-“Regulated” – and ?
De-facto standards
Testing
Ofcom Ofcom
UK Competition Act
© 2021 CGI Inc. 30
PublicLife as an expert
• Explaining new ideas • Explaining impact of new ideas
• Communication – understand the audience • Communication – talk about the impacts
• Respect – get a seat at the table through experience • Technical, business and consumer
• Know your field – and when to defer to others • Cross-over with other industries
© 2021 CGI Inc. 31
PublicThe thrill of the win
Success resulted from:
• Listening carefully to the needs
• Understanding market context
• Relationships with TalkTalk team
• Bid management team and plan
• Drawing on experts in specific areas
• Collaborating within CGI
• Show and tell approach
• Making the response easy to read
• Practicalities of delivery
© 2021 CGI Inc. 32
PublicThanks for listening. Any questions ? Alan Nunn, Consulting Director March 2021
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