A green energy storage technology beyond lithium-ion batteries - Francesca De Giorgio, Federico Poli, Alessandro Brilloni, Francesca Soavi
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International Workshop on Supercapacitors and Energy Storage, Bologna 28 June 2019
A green energy storage technology
beyond lithium-ion batteries
Francesca De Giorgio, Federico Poli, Alessandro Brilloni, Francesca Soavi
www.bettery.eu, info@bettery.eu
BATTERIES ARE KEY ENABLING TECHNOLOGY
“Batteries are at the heart of the ongoing industrial revolution.
They represent a key enabling technology in the context of the Energy Union.
Their development and production play a strategic role in the ongoing
transition to clean mobility and clean energy systems.
Batteries embody our ambition, as set out in President Juncker's State of the
Union, to help our industries remain or become world leaders in innovation,
digitisation and decarbonisation.”
Statement by Maroš Šefčovic
Vice-President of the EU Commission for Energy Union
Brussels, 11 October 2017
2
THE NEED FOR BETTER BATTERIES
Energy
Fast
density
recharge
> 250 Wh/kg
Costs Increase Low Carbon
< 200 $/kWh Safety footprint
Van Noorden, Nature 257, 26-28 (2014) 3
BETTERY – Spinoff of University of Bologna
NEw Semi-Solid flow lithium OXygen battery (NESSOX)
ENERGY DENSITY 500 Wh/kg
COST 30% < Li-ion batteries
SPEED OF RECHARGE Minutes vs. Hours
SUSTAINABILITY: Reduction by 20% kgCO2eq
Patent: Semi-solid Flow Li/O2 battery (WO2017021840A1)
4
BETTERY CONCEPT
Substitution of critical, toxic, low performance materials:
advanced materials for innovative batteries
Radical innovation in the battery value chain,
by developing a flow Li/O2 batteries
1) heavy metal-free flowable electrodes
2) no need of costly and environmentally harmful electrode preparation processes
3) solid part of flow electrodes recovered by simple physical means
4) bio-derived components
Target: carbon footprint reduction by 20% kg/CO2eq
5
NESSOX
REDOX FLOW BATTERIES Li/O2 BATTERIES
Flowable liquid electrodes air breathing
for large scale electrical for future e-mobility
energy storage
NESSOX
Up to 1 kWh kg-1
Fast recharge by “catholyte refueling”
I. Ruggeri, C. Arbizzani, F. Soavi, Electrochim. Acta, 2016, 206, 291-300
6
F. Soavi, C. Arbizzani, I. Ruggeri, Patent WO2017021840A1
CHALLENGES OF LITHIUM/AIR BATTERY
Non-aqueous air breathing cell
• Li2O2 is an insulating product that limits discharge capacity and causes high recharge overvoltage
LOW ENERGY EFFICIENCY
• Oxidative decomposition of the electrolyte affects rechargeability - LOW POWER
• Low O2 diffusion limits discharge rate < 1 mA cm-2 - LOW CYCLE LIFE
Lu Y.-C et al., En. Env. Sci., 2013, 6, 750-768.
J. W. Choi, D. Aurbach. Nature Reviews Materials, 1:16013,2016. 7
NESSOX - THE CONCEPT
Li2O2 mainly deposits on the
slurry carbon particles
✓ Cathode current collector passivation is alleviated - HIGH DISCHARGE CAPACITY
✓ Carbon percolating network multiplies redox sites - BETTER CYCLE LIFE
I. Ruggeri, C. Arbizzani, F. Soavi, Electrochim. Acta, 206, 291-300 (2016).
8
F. Soavi, C. Arbizzani, I. Ruggeri, Patent WO2017021840A1. 4
NESSOX – Catholyte discharge
Stirred, conventional electrochemical cell with carbon paper (CP) electrode
a)0.25 mA cm-2 Capacity (mAh cm )
-2
61 62 110 111 174 175
175
0 1 60
Electrode potential (V vs. Li /Li)
3
NESSOX catholyte
+
CP/catholyte
Electrolyte TEGDME-LiTFSI 9:1 mol/mol
Catholyte: Electrolyte + 2 % w/w SP 2
CP/electrolyte 29 days
CP substitution
Lithium substitution 19 days
1 11 days
29 days
Lithium
0
0 2 4 240 244 248 440 444 696 700
Time (h)
9
I. Ruggeri, C. Arbizzani, F. Soavi, Electrochimica Acta, 206, 291-300 (2016)
NESSOX – Catholyte discharge
Pristine carbon slurry Carbon slurry after 700 h discharge
Li2O2 on
carbon
✓ Solid products of the discharge can be both deposited on the SP particles and dispersed in the liquid.
✓ Cathode current collector passivation mitigated and high discharge capacity density achieved.
10NESSOX – Catholyte optimization
Effect of catholyte formulation on high rate discharge
2PB = 2% Pure Black 10PB = 10% Pure Black 2SP = 2% SupeP Carbon
11
I. Ruggeri, C. Arbizzani, F. Soavi, Carbon, 30 (2018) 749EUROPEAN Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET-Plan)
ENERGY DENSITY
Li-Oxygen
NESSOX
Li-Sulphur
Lab Prototype
Advanced
Li-ion
Li-ion
12BETTERY ROADMAP
2021
Jan 2018 Mar–May 2018 Jan 2020 System
BETTERY Prototype II Prototype IV
Foundation
validated at
10 mA cm2 40 cm2
TRL7
Jan-Mar 2019 June 2020
Prototype III BMS
25 cm2 Battery Stack
NEW PATENTS
cells,
components & design
13TEAM
MORE THAN 30 YEARS OF RESEARCH ON INNOVATIVE BATTERIES
FRANCESCA FRANCESCA ALESSANDRO FEDERICO ALESSANDRO
SOAVI DE GIORGIO BRILLONI POLI PASTORE
Co-founder Co-founder Co-founder Employee n°1 Co-founder
Patent inventor President Prototype designer Prototype Vice President
Chair of Energy Division of the 9-years on batteries M. Sc. in Energy Modelling Co-director of
International Society of Engineering M. Sc in Chemical Bologna Business
Electrochemistry Engineering School
>20-years on batteries
GIUSEPPE
SANSEVERINO,
IP advisor
MICHELE Patent Law Expert, Assistant
DE GIORGIO, Professor at University of Bari.
Attorney and Accountant
14BETTERY
AWARDS/FINALIST SME instrument - Phase 1
Project n. 837091, Nessox
15THANKS TO EU FUNDINGS
This activity was winner of the EIT RawMaterials Battery Challenge, funded by the European
Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT), a body of the European Union, under the
Horizon2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation
(Agreement No. 15099-SCLC-2019-BAT_1)
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and
innovation programme under grant agreement No 837091, Nessox.
16Acknowledgments
Laboratory of Electrochemistry of
Materials for Energetics
Prof. Catia Arbizzani
Dr Irene Ruggeri
Research fellows Students
The team Antonio Terella Giovanni E. Spina
Dr Francesca Soavi Christina Toigo Laura Malavolta
Ing. Alessandro Brilloni Morteza Rahmanipour Jean Arico’
Ing. Federico Poli Ramona Orlacchio Matteo Morigi
Ing. Alessandro Pastore Mehrdad Mashkour Jacopo Seri
Mohammad Said El Halimi Nicola Mancuso
Tommaso Bisardi
Alessandro Olivieri
17CHANGE THE PARADIGM IN ENERGY STORAGE
BRING INTO THE MARKET THE LONGEST-LASTING, GREEN AND LIQUID BATTERY
BECOME THE WORLDWIDE LEADER ON NEXT GENERATION BATTERIES
20 YEARS R&D ON INNOVATIVE BATTERIES
FRANCESCA DE GIORGIO francesca.degiorgio@bettery.eu 18You can also read
