Towards a cleaner Public Transportation System for Costa Rica - DR. RENÉ CASTRO SALAZAR Minister of Environment, Energy and Telecommunications
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Towards a cleaner Public
Transportation System for
Costa Rica
DR. RENÉ CASTRO SALAZAR
Minister of Environment, Energy and
Telecommunications
December 2012
Capital intensity by abatement measure http://petrolog.typepad.com/climate_change/2009/09/the-cost-of-abating-greenhouse-gases.html
MINAET
Costa Rica: Abatement Curve-
1 Conversión a LPG 12 Cambio de lámparas 23 Car Pooling
2 Jornada laboral 4 días 13 Uso de sistemas fotovoltaicos 24 Plan de ahorro energético
3 Cambio de Residencia 14 Agilización Trámites 25 Uso de calderas más eficientes
4 Uso de lámparas más eficientes 15 Incremento Marchamo 26 Biodiesel
5 Uso de motores más eficientes 16 Vehículos Aire
6 Uso de A/C de bajo consumo 27 Bioetanol
17 Vehículos Eléctricos
7 Cambio de cocinas a vitro cerámica 18 Transporte Público 28 Flex Fuel
8 Conducción Eficiente 19 Descongestionamiento 29 Establecimiento de tarifas y precios
9 Refrigeradoras más eficientes 20 Ciclovías 30 Híbridos
10 Capacitación en el sector educación 21 Restricción a circulación S. J. 31 Tren Eléctrico
11 Uso de timers en calentadores de agua 22 Restricción a circulación C. R 32 Sustituir Bunker: 50% Gas Natural, 50% Electricidad
Fuente: Estudio para la Introducción de Tecnologías Limpias y Eficientes en el Mercado Nacional, realizado por 3
CONSENERGY GROUP para la DSE, diciembre 2009
CO2 Emissions per unit of GDP (Kg /$1000 of 2005 PPP)
CO2 emissions per
1100
1050 unit of GDP COSTA
1000 RICA
950 CO2 emissions per
CO2 Emissions per unit of GDP
900 unit of GDP USA
850
800 CO2 emissions per
750 unit of GDP UK
700
650 CO2 emissions per
600
550 unit of GDP CHILE
500
450 CO2 Emissions per
400 unit of GDP CHINA
350
300 CO2 Emissions per
250 unit of GDP
200
150 GERMANY
100 CO2 emissions per
unit of GDP BRASIL
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Fuente World Band data finder 2.5, MINAET 2012
Year
Goal: Costa Rica CO2 neutral by 2021
CO2 Emissions per unit of GDP (Kg /$1000 of
200
190 Lower
180 185 Intensity
180 Lowest
17 CO2/PIB
Intensity
160 1 CO2/PIB
CO2 neutral
140
2005 PPP)
120
100
80 Carbon neutral growth
60
40
20
2002 2004 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022… 2050
In the transition to economic competitiveness economic sectors can reduce their
emissions intensity and increase their share in GDP
Our greatest source of emissions is the
Energy Sector: TRANSPORTATION
GHG emissions by Sector
5%
46%
38%
Agriculture
Thermal 3%
Energy
4% Other 11%
6%
Industry Industrial Procesess Agriculture
18%
Waste Management Energy
Transport
69%
Source: Reporte Needs 2010/ Segunda Comunicación Nacional 2009
Promote cleaner and efficient
technologies and fuels
1 - Improving energy efficiency using current technologies:
engine modification, improve transmissions, aerodynamics ...
2 - New fuels and cleaner vehicles: electric, hybrid ...
3 - Introduction of cleaner fuels: 2nd generation bio-fuels, LPG,
LNG,hydrogen, etc.
4 - Consumer information, labeling
5 - "Eco-driving" & Education
6- Mass Tranport System
New energy efficient vehicles
• Comparison of
hybrid vehicle with
a gasoline vehicle
• 42% less CO2
emissions in case of
Prius!
8
Source: fueleconomy.gov
New energy efficient vehicles
• In Costa Rica there is a research
going between the National Oil
Refinery (RECOPE),Ad Astra
Rocket (NASA technology) and
Cummins to use hydrogen and
methane as fuel on engines for
heavy transport cargo.
Source: Business Mirror. 2009.
9
Introduction of cleaner fuels
Low sulphur content & unleaded fuel
- It has a direct effect on emissions
- Allows use of vehicles with new technologies
which significantly reduce pollutants
10Introduction of cleaner fuels
Effect of sulfur on the life of vehicle
Sulfur decreased from 15.000 to 1.000 ppm (1.5% to 0.1%) leads to an
increased useful life of a vehicle in a 80 to 90%
http://www.fleetwatch.co.za/supplements/SADiesel/DieselFactsFictionS.htm
11Overall trend with respect to the
objectives of sulphur
12Costa Rican Studies reveal the IRR for different
technologies in taxis,
March 2012
250% 236%
200% 163%
150% 123%
100% 61%
50% 35% 32% 28% 18%
0%
Fuente: Encuesta aplicada a concesionarios de taxi, CINPE-2012, INS, CCSS, Ministerio de HaciendaNeed to renovate Public Transport
System in C.R.
Quatity of Taxis and ages
1,400
1,200
1,000
Quantity of buses and ages
800
600
400 1,200
200 1,000
0
800
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011 600
400
200
0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source: DSE 2010.100
US$/tCO2e Abatement costs curve
50
- 50
- 100
120,000,000
- 150 20,000,000 40,000,000 60,000,000 80,000,000 100,000,000
Source: DSE, MINAET, ICE, PRUGAM, MOPT Cumulative mitigation 2010-2030 tCO2eWe are working on a NAMA for the public transportation sector
Short term Medium term Long term
International Actions
Financing of Transportation NAMA
COP17 Durban Verification Verification Verification Verification
Rio+20
2010 2011 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2 2026 2028 2030 2032
0
2
4
Report and Monitoring Report and Monitoring
National Actions
Transportation NAMA
Nama Proposal Report and Monitoring Report and Monitoring
Communication and
educational strategy
NAMA Execution
Definition of Transportation Policy
PND 2010-2014You can also read
