The Second Brain & The Gut Feeling - Leslie Goertzen, LSCSW, LMAC
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Objectives 1 2 3 4 Learn how the brain Learn how the Be able to identify Learn therapy skills and digestive system parasympathetic and possible diagnoses that can be utilized to impacts one another sympathetic nervous when the “second regulate ourselves. and what this does to systems play a role in brain” is activated. our everyday lives. this.
Norepinephrine Epinephrine • Found mainly in adrenal glands • Increased blood sugar levels • Increased blood sugar levels • Increased heart rate • Increased heart rate • Relaxation of lung muscles improving breathing • Blood vessels become narrower • “Adrenaline rush” • Increase blood pressure Neurotransmitters Dopamine Serotonin • “feel good” • The “mood stabilizer” of the body • Helps digestion • Reduces depression • Heart and kidney function • Assists with relaxation • Regulates moods and emotions • Helps to heal wounds • Reward seeking behavior • Causes the feeling of nausea • Assists with sleep • Mainly found in GI tract
The Gut Feeling • • What does it feel like? What emotions? • Intuition?? • Inner voice • Sixth sense • More than likely, it’s good to listen
Cortisol https://askthescientists.com/cortisol/
Autonomic Nervous System
The Polyvagal Theory Dr. Stephen Porges https://youtu.be/z41x1BaXMdE
What is trauma??? Oxford Dictionary https://www.google.com/search?q=trauma&hl=en&sxsrf=ALeKk00Di3ZDHIU9gLBlUftfBnfP7eaQkg%3A161 7722189425&ei=TXtsYICzGZqxtQb9rIj4Aw&oq=trauma&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBwgAELEDEEMyBwgA ELEDEEMyBwgAELEDEEMyCggAEIcCELEDEBQyBwgAELEDEEMyBAgAEEMyBQgAELEDMgUIABCxAzIECAAQQ zIHCC4QsQMQQ1CvElivEmCkFGgAcAJ4AIABngKIAesCkgEFMS4wLjGYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6wAEB&scli ent=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjAjcjj9OnvAhWaWM0KHX0WAj8Q4dUDCA0&uact=5
Factors contributing to intensity of trauma.
Person A Person B • Previously • Previously diagnosed with diagnosed with MDD MDD • Some financial • Some financial stress stress • Family history of • Family history of depression and depression and anxiety. anxiety • Little to no support. • Has good, healthy supports • Been told they are a “worry-wort” • More relaxed • Previously in car • Never been in a wreck 2 yrs ago car wreck
• What would it look like 1 week • What would it look like 1 year later? later? • 1 month later? • 5 years?? • 6 months later? • 10 years???
Continued activation of stress/fear response…
On-going gut problems can Can’t trust the gut lead to… Diagnoses: Question *almost* everything-including self • PTSD Difficulty with trusting others • Acute Stress Disorder • Major Depression Disorder Impending doom frequently • Anxiety: Panic Disorder, GAD, etc. GI issues: nausea, diarrhea, constipation, IBS, etc. • Eating Disorders • Personality Disorders Difficulty concentrating • Somatic Disorders Startled easily • Dissociative Disorders
Somatic & Dissociative Disorders
https://step2.medbullets.com/psychiatry/120644/somatic-symptom-and-related-disorders
Let’s recap, so far… Stress=trauma Brain can interpret daily stress as life threatening This causes continued fight/flight or freeze responses Which could cause continued GI problems and other issues
SKILLS!!! • I’m kidding…don’t do this, please.
Stre ss Preven Interven tion tion Self- Movem ent/Bo Care dy Mindful Breath ness Work Cognitiv e Skills
Prevention = Self-Care https://wordart.com/create 1. What you do. 2. What you NEED to do.
https://youtu.be/aNCB1MZDgQA Mindful Practice: • Mindfulness Skills • What and How Skills • Meditation • Guided breathing, imagery, Open mind and Focused Mind • Contemplative Prayer • Mindful Movement • Yoga, tai chi, horseback riding, walking, dancing, etc. Mindfulness
Cognitive Skills Restructuring Reframing
InterventioN Movement / Body Breath Work • Stretching/Yoga—especially • 4-7-8 breathing sides • Box Breathing/4 square method • Running, jumping jacks, etc. • Belly breathing/blowing balloon • Cold Water • Humming-activates vagus nerve • Progressive Muscle Relaxation victory breath • Grounding: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1; bare https://youtu.be/6sEittuZ3GA feet on the floor/ground • Alternate Nostril Breathing • Rocking • Breath of Fire/Wim Hof method
TIPP • Temperature • Mammalian dive reflex: https://youtu.be/00RKh6NRMqc • Intense Exercise • Min. 20 minutes Skills • https://www.heart.org/en/healthy- living/fitness/fitness-basics/target-heart-rates Breakdown • Paced Breathing • 4 seconds in Point • Hold 2 seconds • 6 seconds out • Hold 2 seconds • Paired Muscle Relaxation • Similar to muscle relaxation • Add breathing and saying “relax” while releasing muscle groups
Objectives Learn how the brain and digestive system impacts one another and what this does to our everyday lives. Learn how the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems play a role in this. Be able to identify possible diagnoses when the “second brain” is activated. Learn therapy skills that can be utilized to regulate ourselves.
Questions, comments… Leslie A. Goertzen, LSCSW, LMAC Compass Behavioral Health, Dodge City lgoertzen@compassbh.org
references • (2015, April 06). Retrieved April 06, 2021, from https://youtu.be/71pCilo8k4M • (2015, February 02). Retrieved April 06, 2021, from https://youtu.be/aNCB1MZDgQA • (2017, October 05). Retrieved April 06, 2021, from https://youtu.be/VzPD009qTN4 • (2018, June 01). Retrieved April 06, 2021, from https://youtu.be/6sEittuZ3GA • 22, M. J., & 24, N. J. (2020, November 13). How Stress And Cortisol Can Affect Your Period. Retrieved April 6, 2021, from https://nicolejardim.com/the-cortisol-connection/ • An Introduction To The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System - iMotions. (2021, February 10). Retrieved April 6, 2021, from https://imotions.com/blog/nervous-system/ • Cognitive Restructuring. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.advancewithava.com/ava-aid/Cognitive-Restructuring • Linehan, M. (2015). DBT skills training handouts and worksheets. New York: The Guilford Press. • Matthew Tull, P. (2019, August 08). How Traumatic Events Cause PTSD. Retrieved April 6, 2021, from https://www.verywellmind.com/ptsd-causes-and-risk-factors-2797397 • Missimer, A. (2020, March 22). How to Map Your Own Nervous Sytem: The Polyvagal Theory. Retrieved April 6, 2021, from https://themovementparadigm.com/how-to-map-your-own-nervous-sytem-the-polyvagal-theory/ • Mittal, R., Debs, L. H., Patel, A. P., Nguyen, D., Patel, K., O'Connor, G., . . . Liu, X. Z. (2017, September). Neurotransmitters: The Critical Modulators Regulating Gut-Brain Axis. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5772764/table/T1/?report=objectonly • Posted by Sana I. Powell, M. (2020, April 24). Cognitive Reframing: Quarantine. Retrieved from https://curlytherapist.com/2020/04/24/cognitive-reframing-quarantine/ • Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://step2.medbullets.com/psychiatry/120644/somatic-symptom-and- related-disordersWhat Is the 'Spectrum of Dissociation'? (2021, April 06). Retrieved April 6, 2021, from https://themighty.com/2021/01/spectrum-of-dissociation-daydreaming-disorders/ • Why do I procrastinate to the deadline and play, how can I prevent it? (n.d.). Retrieved April 6, 2021, from https://gigazine.net/gsc_news/en/20160422-how-to-overcome-procrastination/
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