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Issue 1 • April 2019
THE LIBRARY
Issue 1 | April 2019 The House of Lords Library Magazine
A MORE THE DIGEST
ATTENTIVE Our pick of articles and
resources on big topics
HOUSE?
Take a closer look at Lords
THE OLDEST
BOOK IN THE
attendance figures LIBRARY
Discover a treasure of
our legal collection
FROM CRICKETER
TO CROSSBENCHER
The extraordinary life of Lord Constantine
IN THIS ISSUE: NEW BOOKS, LATEST DEPOSITED PAPERS, KEY FACTS AND FIGURES, NATO AT 70 AND MORE.
1
24-7 adv. colloq. (orig. and chiefly U.S.) Twenty four hours a day, gobbledygook n. (1944) orig. U.S. Language or jargon, esp. in
co
seven days a week; constantly. bureaucratic or official contexts, which is pretentious, long-winded, or
m
tec
cyb
specialized to the point of being unintelligible to the general public;
Wo
ers
pu
rd
road rage (1988) Violent anger
pac attributed to the stress and nonsense, gibberish.
hn
FY
e
beat
ter
I
frustration of driving a motor vehicle.
s fro
bake-off n. (1949) Chiefly U.S. and Austral. A baking competition, esp. one
24-7
op
FAQ
pr
Wo
between non-professional contestants.
mt
ato
beatboxing n. (1987) orig. U.S. The making of rhythmical sounds
rd
og
boxi
he
ho
ra
m
with the voice and mouth in imitation of the rhythms of hip-hop FYI phr. (1941) orig. U.S. For your information (typically preceding or
s fro
ng
m
be
following an explanatory statement).
-bo
1
music.
mt
m
2
technophobe n. (1946) A person who fears technology.
he
b
love
Commitment phobia (1981) Resistance or aversion to the
commitment involved in a long-term romantic relationship. uncool adj. (1948) Chiefly colloq. (orig. U.S.) Not cool (in various senses);
ly ju
esp. unfashionable, not stylish.
9
cyberspace n. (1982) The space of virtual reality; the notional
workaholic n . (1947) colloq. (orig. N. Amer.) A person to whom work is
bbly
environment within which electronic communication (esp. via the
extremely or excessively important, esp. one who voluntarily works very
Internet) occurs.
LOL
long hours; a person addicted to working.
FAQ n. (1987) A list of questions and answers (originally those brainstorm v. (1945) To subject to a brainstorm; to analyse in a group
4
provided by Usenet newsgroups and later also by Internet websites discussion of spontaneously arising ideas.
and software packages) which contains information expected to be
mobile phone n. (1945) Originally: a radio-telephone installed in a
helpful to users; a question and answer on such a list (usually in vehicle. In later use: a portable wireless telephone that transmits and
plural). In extended use: any similar list of questions and answers. receives signals via a cellular (cellular adj. 6) network; a cell phone; esp.
(in later use) a smartphone.
road
go-to adj. (1985) orig. U.S. Sport. That may be consulted or relied
0
go
un
upon; frequently chosen, utilized, or sought out in a particular all-you-can-eat adj. (1940) orig. U.S. Of, relating to, or designating a
ge
bb
co
ba
restaurant meal at which one may eat an unlimited amount of food
ne
s
situation. Earliest in go-to guy.
ol
led
ke
tic
(usually from a buffet), typically for a fixed price. Also in extended use:
rage
yg
hyperlink n. (1988) A piece of text in a hypertext document designating a service offering unlimited availability or use, esp. for a
en
-of
f
single fee or at a flat rate.
oo
which, when selected or clicked onscreen, causes another related
gin
k
all
ee
object (esp. a file or program) to be displayed or activated. computer program n. (1947) A series of coded instructions and
rin
-yo
g
definitions which when fed into a computer automatically directs
LOL int. (1989) Originally and chiefly in the language of electronic
wo
its operation in performing a particular task. Also in extended use:
u-c
communications: ‘ha ha!’; used to draw attention to a joke or
3 million
something conceived of as encoding and determining a process, esp.
an
m
rk
sto
humorous statement, or to express amusement. genetically.)
hyp
n
ob
-ea
The House of Lords Library Magazine
t
ah
e
quotations
ile
stonewashed adj. (1981) Of a garment or fabric, esp. denim: atom-bomb v. (1945) To drop an atom bomb on.
ew
br
comm
washed with abrasives to produce a worn or faded appearance.
ph
oli
genetic engineering n. (1949) Originally: the production of desirable
ain
rlin
c
ash
on
lovely jubbly (1988) Brit. colloq. Expressing delight or affirmation, genotypes by selective breeding; the application of eugenics (now rare).
e
sto
k
ed
Later also: the alteration of the genome of an organism by laboratory
itmen
go-to
frequently in response to a success or an anticipated success:
rm
phobia t
techniques, esp. by the insertion, alteration, or removal of a gene; the
excellent, jolly good. techniques involved in this process.
selfie n. (2002) colloq. (orig. Austral.) A photograph that one has taken of mullet n.9 (1994) slang (humorous and frequently derogatory). A a-go-go adj. (1960) colloq. Fashionable, modish, up to date, ‘withBellini n. (1955) A cocktail consisting of peach juice mixed with uh-oh int. (orig. U.S. Expressing alarm, dismay, or
ba
oneself, esp. one taken with a smartphone or webcam and shared via social hairstyle, worn esp. by men, in which the hair is cut short at the frontit’; lively, ‘swinging’.
m Prosecco or champagne. apprehension; esp. indicating sudden awareness of a
media.
al
and sides, and left long at the back.
www.oed.com
te
rec
lls
c
p sy
l
jet lag n. (1965) Extreme tiredness and other physical effects doggy bag n. (1952) orig. U.S. in a restaurant: a bag, provided by problem, or a realization of imminent difficulty.
y
dig
DI
bromance n. (2001) colloq. (orig. U.S.) Intimate and affectionate friendship SMS n. (1991) Short message service, a digital communication system
op ev
Y
between men; a relationship between two men which is characterized by this. felt by a person after a long flight across different time zones. the management on request, in which a diner may take home any
ul
podcast
ycle
enabling mobile phones to send and receive short text messages. rreebie n. colloq. (orig. U.S.) Something that is provided itiz
op
leftovers.
totes
dubstep
j et l a g
Also: a film focusing on such a relationship.
le e
bubble wrap n. orig. U.S. A packaging material designed to
ise
Hence: a text message sent or received using this system.
Words from the
or given free or without charge, frequently as a means of
ch e d
glamping n. (2005) A form of camping that involves accommodation and
t
Be
protect fragile goods, consisting of flexible plastic sheeting in frenemy n. (1953) A person with whom one is friendly, despite
Wo
r
alcopop n. (1996) A ready-mixed drink that resembles a soft drink publicizing or promoting something.
uh-o
facilities more luxurious than those associated with traditional camping. a fundamental dislike or rivalry; a person who combines the
selfie
eli
(typically in being sweet, carbonated, and similarly bottled) but
which numerous small air cushions are embedded.
llin
h
a
characteristics of a friend and an enemy.
i
chip and PIN (2001) A system for electronic transactions in which debit recycle v. To reuse (material) in an industrial process; to
ds fro
contains alcohol.
b
and credit cards containing a microchip are used in conjunction with a PIN
doofus n. (1965) colloq. (orig. and chiefly U.S.) A foolish or stupid
ub
rock ‘n’ roll n. (1955) orig. U.S. A style of popular music originating return (material) to a previous stage of a cyclic process.
flashmob
rather than with the cardholder’s signature, to provide greater security when ASBO n. (1997) Brit. An anti-social behaviour order, a court order person, an idiot; also as a general term of contempt.
a-go-g
ho
in the southern United States, largely as an amalgam of rhythm and
m the
o
authorizing a purchase. obtainable by local authorities which places restrictions on the
ble
td
microchip n. (1969) An integrated circuit; a microprocessor; blues, country music, and Chicago electric blues (typically played anti-viral adj. Medicine and Biology. Usually of a drug or
Words from
crowdfund v. (2008) trans. To fund (a project or venture) by raising money movements or actions of a person who persisently engages in anti- (also) a tiny wafer of semiconducting material on which an
es by Southern musicians) and characterized by a heavily accentuatedtreatment: active or effective against viruses.
the
k
bl
from a large number of people, each of whom contributes a relatively small social behaviour. Introduced under Section 1 of the Crime and integrated circuit has been or can be made. backbeat and simple melodies and structures; (later also more
space
yad
wra
amount, typically via the Internet. Also intr. Disorder Act in 1998 and first applied in 1999.
og
generally) rock music; = rock n.3 2b. Interior design n. The design of the interior of a building,
p
flashmob n. (2003) A large group of people organized by means of the psychedelia n. (1967) Psychedelic articles or phenomena
blog
g n. (1999) Computing A frequently updated website, typically run including wallpaper, furniture, fittings, etc., according to
a ya
Internet, or mobile phones or other wireless devices, who assemble in public by a m consisting of personal observations arranged incollectively; spec. music, art, or culture based on the experiencesTuring test n. (1956) A test of a computer’s ability to exhibit
Words from the
Words from the
assingle person and
vid
intelligence, requiring that a human being should be unable to artistic and architectural criteria.
speed datin
tr
to perform a prearranged action together and then quickly disperse.Typically chronological order, excerpts from other sources, hyperlinks to other produced by or associated with psychedelic drugs (originally
c r a ft
g
da
et
geocaching
r distinguish the computer from another human being using only
eo
op
the action performed by a flash mob is bizarre or unusual and intended solelysites, etc.;
uan online journal os or diary; = weblog n. 2. Now more widely associated with the 1960s counterculture). spacecraft n. A vehicle designed to travel in space.
replies to questions that are put to both.
ta
to attract attention and entertain, but the term is now also used of such used than theb term from which
pi
S ex it developed, weblog. spacewalk n. (1963) An act or period of physical activity
groups whose actions are intended to have a political or social impact; cf.
Charleston
pe
M A man u(esp. undertaken by an astronaut in space outside a spacecraft. DIY n. (1954) the action or practice of decorating, building, and rhythm and blues n. Any of various kinds of popular
smart mob n. at smart adj. Special uses 2b. metrosexual n. (1994) S al a heterosexual man) whose
making fixtures and repairs at home by oneself rather than
xe l
music originally (and principally) associated with African
podcast n. (2004) A digital audio file of speech, music, broadcast material, lifestyle, spending habits and concern for personal appearance pixel n. (1965) Each of the minute areas of uniform illumination employing a person with professional qualifications to do it.
etc., made available on the Internet for downloading to a computer or portable are likened to those considered typical of a fashionable, urban, American performers, esp. a style prominent during the
of which the image on a television, computer screen, etc., is
spa
micr
1990s
media player; a series of such files, new instalments of which can be received homosexual man. videotape n. (1953) Magnetic tape on which moving visual images late 1940s and 1950s derived from or influenced by the
composed (also) each of the minute individual elements in a
by subscribers automatically. such as television programmes (together with sound) can be or are blues and jazz, typically having a strong rhythm and
och
gastropub n. (1996) Brit. A public house which specializes in serving digital image.
recorded.
Beatles
car
ip
totes adv. (2006) colloq. (orig. U.S.) As an intensifier: (modifying an adjective) high-quality food. featuring a horn section.
bo
naff adj. (1966) Brit. Colloq. Unfashionable, vulgar; lacking in
cewalk
very, extremely; (modifying a verb) definitely, absolutely. ballsy adj. (1959) orig. U.S. Determined and courageous, plucky,
Tu
anti-viral
fre
spam v. (1991) trans. Computing slang. To flood (a network, esp.
r
nd
1920
chip and PIN
1950s
style, inept; worthless, faulty.
que
arms race n. Competition between nations, regimes,
doofus
geocaching n. (2000) An activity or pastime in which an item, or a container the Internet, a newsgroup, or individuals) with a large number of spirited.
ati
AS
fre
etc., in the accumulation, development, or testing of
eb
ing
holding a number of items, is hidden in a particular location for users of the unsolicited postings, or multiple copies of the same posting. Also intr.:yada yada int. (a1967) colloq. (chiefly U.S.). Indicating (usually
ng
roc
carbon dating n. (1951) A method of isotopic dating applicable
s
Global Positioning System to find, with the help of coordinates posted on the
to send large numbers of unsolicited messages or advertisements.
ne
weapons, esp. nuclear weapons.
BO
dismissively) that further details are predictable or evident fromto dead organic matter, in which the proportion of carbon-14 to
k‘
ie
bromance
Internet.
interior design
tes
naff
what has preceded: ‘and so on’, ‘blah blah blah’.
t
carbon-12 is measured and compared with the known natural
n’
do
geotag n. (1996) An item of metadata which assigns a geographical
my
arm
dubstep n. (2002) A genre of (usually instrumental) dance music typically televise v. (1926) intr. To make television transmissions;
gg
ge Beatlesque adj. Characteristic or reminiscent of The Beatles, abundance of the isotopes.
glamping
featuring a sparse, syncopated rhythm and a prominent, propulsive bassline. location to a digital photograph or other item of digital content.o
sp to make a television broadcast.
rol
crowdfund
l
t
yb
speed dating n. a process by which people seeking romantic relationships hot desk n. (1990) A shared office desk or workstation, occupied ag
am their music, or their cultural. Sometimes: spec. typical or digitize v. (1953) To convert (analogue data, esp. in later use
s race
ag
m and blues
attend organized events at which they have a short conversation with each of on a temporary, ad hoc basis or part-time basis, and not allocated redolent of the catchy, upbeat melodies, close vocal harmonies, images, video, and text) to digital form, typically for storage or Charleston n. A fast, modern dance developed in the
rhyth
several potential partners.’ permanently to an individual. or tight, guitar-led arrangements of early Beatles records. processing by a computer; to represent in digital form. 1920s and characterized by side kicks from the knee.
Brexit n. The (proposed) withdrawal of the women’s libber n. (1970) An advocate or supporter of women’s big picture n. (1935) orig. U.S. (usually with the) a broad overview of
United Kingdom from the European Union, and liberation; a feminist. cold caller a situation, issue, or problem; a wide perspective or appraisal, esp.
sup
regarded as an effective way to identify essential features or evaluate
the political process associated with it. Karaoke n. (1977) A form of entertainment, originating in Japan,
overall aims and strategy.
in which a person sings the vocal line of a popular song to the
erm
accompaniment of a pre-recorded backing tape, and the voice is jitterbug v. (1939) To dance the jitterbug.
ga
virtual reality
twerking adj. colloq. Of a person, the bottom or electronically amplified through the loudspeaker system for the
m
chocolate chip cookie n. (1938) A sweet biscuit containing chocolate
e
ark
okey-d
hips: performing the twerk. audience; (also) the audio (and video) equipment used for this.
chips.
live
pl
et
meme n. (1976) A cultural element or behavioural trait whose
supermarket n. (1931) orig. U.S. A large store, typically one of a chain,
an
selfie stick n. A device in the form of transmission and consequent persistence in a population, although
through the House of Lords library
okey
occurring by non-genetic means (esp. imitation), is considered as selling a wide range of food and groceries, as well as household goods
a (telescopic) rod on which a camera or and other products. Cf. hypermarket n.
Words from
analogous to the inheritance of a gene.
rmoriu
glo
smartphone may be mounted, so that a person
the
A defining characteristic of early supermarkets was that one selected
selfi
shopaholic n. (1977) colloq. A compulsive shopper.
ba
m
Words from the
holding it is able to take a selfie from a greater the goods oneself rather than being attended to by a member of staff.
liz
Psychobabble n. (1975) derogatory (orig. U.S.). Language including
ati
distance than if the camera or smartphone were technical terms and concepts of psychology used pretentiously okey-okey int. (1932) colloq. (orig. U.S.) Expressing assent, concession,
on
or approval, esp. with regard to a previous statement or question: yes,
e st
You can access all of this by using the OED
held in the person’s hand. to discuss personality, relationships, and other everyday issues;
shopaholic
psychological jargon regarded as meaningless or trite. all right.
pha
Richter scale n. (1936) A logarithmic scale devised by Richter for
supergrass
yarnstorm, n. The action or an act of covering or virtual reality n. (1979) A computer-generated simulation of a
ick
ble
lifelike environment that can be interacted with in a seemingly real expressing the magnitude of an earthquake or similar seismic event
t
decorating public objects with colourful knitted
jitter
or physical way by a person, esp. by means of responsive hardware as calculated from the oscillations of a seismograph trace, and ranging
bug
or crocheted items; an instance or example of such as a visorpunk
with screen
rockor gloves with sensors; such environments from negative values for micro-earthquakes to about 8·9 for the most
or the associated technology as a medium of activity or field of study; catastrophic.
Gr
yarn bombing (cf. yarn bombing n., yarnstorming cyberspace.
e
game plan n. (1939) Sport (orig. Amer. Football). A strategy worked out
n. at yarnstorm v. Derivatives). punk rock n. (1970) Originally: rock music played in a fast, aggressive, in advance for playing a particular match
xit
psychobabble
wea
or unpolished manner. In later use: spec. a genre of rock music Rastafarian adj. (1935) Designating, relating, or belonging to the
p
phablet, n. A very large smartphone having originating in the late 1970s, characterized by a deliberately outrageous
doobrey
women’s libber
oni
Rastafari movement; characteristic of this. ze
a touch screen which is intermediate in size or confrontational attitude, energetic (and often chaotic) performance,
words
Brex
and (frequently) simple or repetitive song structures; the subculture or globalization n. (1930) The action, process, or fact of making
between that of a standard smartphone and that
ya
style associated with this music. global; esp. (in later use) the process by which businesses
Ra or other
it
English animatronics
600,000
telec
organizations develop international influence or startsoperating on an
rn
of a tablet computer.
years of
cold caller n. (1972) A person who makes unsolicited visit or telephone ta
international scale, widely considered to be at the expense
tw
fa of national
1930s
calls, esp. in an attempt to sell goods or services.
sto
identity.
omm
ri
meme
Grexit n. A term for the (potential) withdrawal of a
doobrey n. (1977) Brit. colloq. = thingummy n.
2010s
erk
rm
big
Greece from the eurozone monetary union. to
weaponize v. (1938) trans. To adapt for use as a weapon; spec. n
unic
Over 1,000
Supergrass n. (1975) Brit. colloq. A police informer who informs on a provide (a nuclear or other explosive device) with a mechanism for
ing
Richter scal
Words from the
pic
large number of individuals or whose information is of exceptional being launched and propelled toward a target.
e
atio
livermorium n. A superheavy chemical element, value.
ns
telecommunications n. (1932) Communication over a distance by
tur
atomic number 116, produced artificially by high- animatronics n. (1971) The use of animatrons; animatronic means of telephone, radio, (in later use) the Internet, etc.; the systems,
e
karaoke
energy atomic collisions. technology. equipment, technology, or industry connected to this.
our work.
do get in touch.
Patrick M Vollmer LL.M
Impartial. Authoritative. Timely.
the services offered, including new books acquired.
I am always happy to talk about the Library and our services;
The antecedents of this magazine lie in the Library Bulletin
will eventually be mirrored online on the Library’s new site enabling
trends; the oldest book in the Library, Statham’s Abridgement; current
Morgan. Roger sowed the seeds for the Library as we know it
course also continue to provide Library briefings for bills and debates.
Welcome to the first issue of The Library!
published in the early 1980s by one of my predecessors, Roger
This first issue of The Library contains articles on Lord Constantine; the
Members and all of our Library users greater choice in how to consume
The Library has grown since Roger’s stewardship, and our new magazine
affairs content; and, of course, a list of newly acquired books. The content
today. He set up the research service, employed the first qualified
is intended to bring together many items previously published individually,
such as the new books list, topical briefings and the Current Affairs Digest
making it easier and quicker for Members to navigate our work. We will of
70th anniversary of NATO; the work of the House, focusing on attendance
librarians and introduced IT into the Library.The bulletin publicised
Issue 1 | April 2019
06 T
09 R
18 W
Library
or write to:
SW1A 0PW
EDITORIAL
16 Nato Now
Collections
he Digest
House of Lords
Eve Collyer Merritt
of Lords: A More
Attentive House?
CONTENTS
14 New in the Library
10 S potlight on Special
ork of the House
12 From Lord’s to Lord
eporting legal cases
2019: Facts and Figures
17 Recent Deposited Papers
04 International Women’s Day
All comments, feedback and suggestions
3
Issue 1 • April 2019
to collyermerritte@parliament.uk
The House of Lords Library Magazine Issue 1 • April 2019
International Sign up to receive
Women’s Day 2019: Library publications
We publish briefings on major items of business, providing
Facts and Figures you with an essential overview of the topic, and recent
developments in Parliament and beyond, to help you
engage with business in the House of Lords. The Library
International Women’s Day (IWD) takes place on 8 March every year. Political Empowerment magazine explores issues for business and beyond, mixing
IWD is celebrated in many countries worldwide and aims to recognise current affairs content with resource information, a closer
women’s achievements, regardless of national, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, •P
olitical empowerment was where the look at our collection, and topical features.
economic and political differences.The UN state that IWD also serves as gender gap remained the widest globally: Cut out this section and hand it to any member of
a “rallying point to build support for women’s rights and participation in 77.1%. Library staff to receive Library publications as soon
political and economic arenas”.This March, the Library marked IWD by as they are published, or email your request to
• Only 17 of the 149 countries had a female hlresearch@parliament.uk.
publishing a briefing on the situation of women globally.The full briefing is
as either its head of government or state.
available online, just search “Lords Library Women’s Day 2019”. My name is:
• Globally, 18% of ministerial positions
and 24% of parliamentary seats were
I would like to receive briefings (please tick):
held by women.
Themes for 2019 To my parliamentary email address
• It was found that after significant To a personal email address *
Each year both the IWD digital hub and the UN adopt annual themes: improvements in the last decade, the trend
Hard copy in the Queen’s Room tray
reversed in 2018, with progress stalling
#BalanceforBetter ‘Think Equal, Build Smart in Western parliaments.
Hard copy in the Millbank tray
is the International Women’s Day Digital Hub’s theme and Innovate for Change’ Hard copy post*
for 2019. It encourages building a gender-balanced world • In terms of political I would like to receive the Library magazine
is the UN’s theme for 2019. It focuses on innovative ways
and highlights that collective responsibility is essential for
to advance gender equality and the empowerment of women. empowerment, the UK ranked (please tick):
economics and communities to thrive. 11th of the 149 countries.
In addition, it highlights a growing gender digital divide. To my parliamentary email address
To a personal email address*
Global Gender Inequality Hard copy in the Queen’s Room tray
Hard copy in the Millbank tray
The World Economic Forum’s 2018 Global Gender Gap Report benchmarked 149 countries on their progress towards
gender parity. It found that the average (population weighted) distance to parity is 68%: a marginal Hard copy post*
improvement on the previous year. It also broke the benchmarking down across four themes: *My contact details are:
Education Attainment
Economic Participation • E ducation had a gap of 4.4% to close to
Health and Survival
and Opportunity reach global gender parity.
• The gender disparity gap for the theme of • This gap is due to reach parity on a global
• Globally, economic participation and health and survival was found to be 4.6%. level within the next 14 years.
opportunity was found to have a gap of
• Although no country has achieved full parity, • It was found that “average progress on
41.9% to reach gender parity.
74 countries have closed 98% of their gap gender parity in education is relatively
• The report found that “gaps in control of and all 149 countries have closed at least more advanced than in other aspects”.
financial assets and in time spent on unpaid 90% of the gap. Please sign below to confirm that you
tasks continue to preserve economic •H
owever, there are 44 countries where
are happy for us to hold your personal data:
• For health and survival, over 20% of women are illiterate.
disparities between men and women”.
the UK was ranked the
• The UK ranked the • The UK ranked 38th in terms
110th most gender
52nd most gender of education attainment of the
equal of the 149 countries
equal in regard to political 149 countries assessed.
included in the report.
empowerment of
the 149 countries
benchmarked.
4 5
The House of Lords Library Magazine Issue 1 • April 2019
The
Digest
Each issue we scour our resources, the press,
journals and blogs to bring you different
perspectives on key issues.
Putin’s Popularity and “paying more attention to the are not delivering and meeting scared, rather than “reaching for a knife
social agenda”. This includes “trying to The Long Hangover: Putin’s their expectations”. Ardern argued that for ‘protection’”. He also calls on the Police and Crime
In his article ‘Five Years After Crimea,
build civil society” through a system of New Russia and the Ghosts politics needed to be more “altruistic, Government to increase investment Commissioners: the
Russia Has Come Full Circle at Great
presidential grants and by encouraging of the Past Shaun Walker 2018 and more long-term” to address all in “young people’s futures”, arguing transformation of police
Cost’ for the Carnegie Endowment
volunteering. However, Kolesnikov the challenges generated by the that social care, youth services and accountability Bryn Caless
for International Peace (5 February and Jane Owens 2016
concludes that the big question is changing economy. community support services have
2019), Andrei Kolesnikov discusses
whether society will judge these been “decimated” by cuts.
the approval ratings of the Russian
efforts as “sincere” or find them Policing Knife Crime
President,Vladimir Putin. Kolesnikov Brain Injury and Female
attributes Putin’s popularity over to be “poor imitations”. The national chair of the Police
Offending
the last ten-plus years to military Federation, John Apter, argues that
New Zealand’s New Economics
campaigns and “patriotic hysteria”. although the Home Secretary is “trying A report by the Disabilities Trust,
Kolesnikov notes that in September New Zealand Prime Minister, Jacinda to make a difference” by introducing a ‘Making the Link: Female Offending
2008, immediately after Russia’s Ardern, during a World Economic specific offense for carrying a knife, the and Brain Injury’, published in
war with Georgia, Putin’s approval Forum Panel Discussion on 23 January measures are “just tinkering around the February, revealed that of the 173
rating peaked at 88 percent, dipping 2019, stated that from 2019, the Another Economy is edges of the problem”. Writing on the female offenders in HMP Drake Hall,
to 64 percent in January 2019, his New Zealand Government would be Possible: Culture and Police Federation website in February, Staffordshire, who were screened
lowest rating since January 2014 (63 introducing a “‘well-being budget’ to Economy in a Time of Crisis he expresses “serious concerns” about using the Brain Injury Screening
percent). Kolesnikov argues that the gauge the long-term impact of policy Manuel Castells 2017 how these orders will work in practice Index, 64 percent reported a history
fall in approval ratings suggests that on the quality of people’s lives”. She and who will enforce them, with “indicative of brain injury”. Of those, sustained a “traumatic brain injury” due
the past five years has “taken a toll” explained that the onus would be detectives “already struggling” with the 96 percent reported that they had to domestic violence. Reacting to the
on Russia, with the country seeing placed on ministers to demonstrate “burden” of more paperwork, and with a history “indicative of traumatic findings, the Disabilities Trust called for
“economic depression”, a “deluge of how proposed spending would benefit the police losing approximately 22,000 brain injury”. As part of its research, reforms to the prison and probation
repressive legislation”, and a “sustained people, and that child poverty figures officers since 2010. Instead, he believes the charity established a Brain Injury service, including: prison and probation
anti-Western propaganda campaign”. would be considered at each budget. the police need to “build relationships” Linkworker Service to provide staff receiving basic injury awareness
The author observes that this time She believed the move would reduce with young people by being present in specialist support for female offenders training; and the provision of brain
Putin does not have “another Crimea the frustration felt by the public over schools and communities, gaining their with a history of brain injury. The injury screening as a “routine” part of
up his sleeve”, with Russian authorities the work of governments, stating that trust and becoming the “ones they service found that 62 percent of the induction assessment for offenders
instead “trying out new instruments” “our people are telling us that politics turn to” when they are in trouble or female offenders reported they had upon entry
>>
6 7
The House of Lords Library Magazine Issue 1 • April 2019
Reporting Legal Cases
B
y 1501, the way legal cases were being before publication and the reports would be standardised
reported was changing. Prior to the 16th and professionally produced. The Council also deliberately
century, the main sources of case law were the chose not to publish every case heard in every court (an
Plea Rolls and the Yearbooks.The Plea Rolls impossible task), but to publish only those cases which raised
were the formal records of legal proceedings.They questions around a legal principle or point of law. Public
set out the parties in a case and recorded who won, interest and newspaper column inches were not enough to
but not which arguments were used in the course justify the reporting of a case—it had to be of legal interest.
of the trial, or why certain arguments were more This approach ensured that efforts were focused on the most
successful than others.The Yearbooks, on the other interesting and important cases, whilst also allowing other
hand, generally focused less on the facts of a case but publishers to carve out a niche for themselves by specialising
were more discursive, containing the various legal in areas of law which were under-represented in the main
arguments in question as well as judicial commentary reports, such as family law or shipping.
and opinions by the anonymous editors.
Today the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting continues
The Yearbooks gradually ceased publication in the to publish the authorised law reports, covering legally
16th century and the practice of reporting cases was interesting cases heard in the Supreme Court, the Court
taken over by private individuals. Abridgements of case of Appeal and some lower courts. In addition, there are
law known by the names of individuals, as in the example hundreds of commercially successful series of law reports,
of Statham’s Abridgment, started to become prominent, covering everything from personal injury to media law, from
and the 17th and 18th centuries saw a proliferation of road traffic cases to property disputes. The vast majority of
individual barristers publishing their own series of law these are available in the Lords Library via one of our online
reports. With one or two exceptions, the standard of law databases. From the Plea Rolls and the Yearbooks, through
reporting declined, and reports of cases were often not the nominate reports to the authorised series, the Lords
much more than tributes to the famous presiding judges of Library holds the history of case law in hard copy, as well
the day. Most judges delivered oral judgments, which made it as providing access online to the latest law reports.
difficult to check the accuracy of transcription. There was no
consistency of approach, little distinction between important
Read more
cases which brought up new questions and set precedents, LW Abbott, Law Reporting in England 1485–1858, 1973
and standard cases, and much duplication of effort. Michael Bryan, ‘Early English Law Reporting’, University of
Melbourne Collections, issue 4, June 2009
to a prison or probation service. records”. In contrast, just one relevant By the 1860s it was clear that something needed to be done,
Michael Bryan, ‘The Modern History of Law Reporting’,
study came from Brazil and one from and in 1865 the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting
University of Melbourne Collections, issue 11, December 2012
Insect Extinction South Africa. Therefore, Le Page argues The Laws Protecting Animals was established to produce an authorised series of law
Roderick Munday, ‘The “Official” Law Reports’, Justice of the
that for “huge parts of the planet” and Ecosystems reports; judges would check their judgments for accuracy
A review of all long-term studies of Peace, 2001, 165(9), 162–168
insects published in the past 40 years ecologists “do not know how insects Paul A Rees 2017
has revealed that over 40 percent of are faring”. This view was backed up
insect species could become extinct in by Georgina Mace, an ecologist at
the next few decades, writes Michael University College London, who stated
Le Page in February’s New Scientist. that while the study is a “major step
The review, conducted by Francisco forward”, there are still “huge gaps in
Sanchez-Bayo at the University of our knowledge”.
Sydney, Australia, and Kris Wyckhuys
at the China Academy of Agricultural Additional articles, including pieces
Sciences in Beijing, attributed the on medicine, US politics and global
largest causes of the decline in insects economics, are available monthly
to habitat loss, followed by pollution. on the CAD app: lordsdigest.
Le Page strikes a note of caution, digiminster.com. When accessing
observing that “almost all” of the 73 the app, please press ‘Home’ at the
studies reviewed were carried out bottom of the screen to refresh
in the US and Europe, as they have the most recent content.
the “most comprehensive historical
8 9
The House of Lords Library Magazine Issue 1 • April 2019
Spotlight on Abridgement of Cases
Nicholas Statham (d 1472)
Interesting Feature
There is a handwritten inscription on the front flyleaf:
Special Collections
“Per Robert Wye of the Inner Temple” and it is
believed he may have been a very early owner of
Notes on the Book this book.
This is the oldest book the Library holds, and it is Why is this in the Lords Library?
an abridgement of legal cases attributed to Nicholas
Statham and commonly referred to as Statham’s The abridgement is part of the Truro Collection.
Abridgement. Abridgements provide a summary or The collection comprising nearly 3,000 legal texts
digest of the law. It is considered the first printed was donated to the Library by the widow of Lord
example of an abridgement of this kind and was Chancellor Truro in 1856. One of the rooms in
printed in Norman French, the legal language of the Library suite is also named after him and contains
period. Printed books before 1501 are considered a bust sculpted by Henry Weekes.
particularly rare and are usually termed incunabula
How we Care for Our Collection
which means ‘swaddling clothes’ or ‘cradle’ and is
applied to signify the invention and birth of printing. All books are susceptible to damage no matter their
It was printed by Guilliaume le Talleur in Rouen for age, but we want to ensure that our older items are
Richard Pynson and did not have any reprints because given the correct level of care to preserve them for
it was superseded by the abridgments of Fitzherbet future generations. This involves storing them under
and Brooke. the right conditions and following good handling
practices, which means using clean dry hands and
As the Library’s copy dates from 1501 it is recorded guaranteeing the book is supported properly when
on the Incunabula Short Title Catalogue (ISTC). The on display or being used for research. For this we
ISTC is an international database of 15th century make use of foam supports and book weights to
printing created and curated by the British Library. keep pages open.
An electronic facsimile of the work is available to
view from the ISTC catalogue record. The Myth of White Gloves
Notes on the Author There is a misconception that it is necessary to wear
gloves when handling old books to protect them.
Although it is not clear that Statham is the true However, guidance from the British Library suggests
author, it has subsequently been assigned to him. The that wearing gloves to handle rare books can increase
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography only gives him
the likelihood of tears due to limited manual dexterity.
a brief entry and says that he was a member and
It has also been shown that cotton gloves, including
bencher of Lincoln’s Inn. The Honourable Society of
Lincoln’s Inn is one of four Inns of Court in London: the white ones you might see on TV have a greater
an association of law students, barristers and judges. tendency to dislodge pigments from pages
A ‘bencher’ is a senior member, usually on the and transfer dirt.
governing board. Additionally, he acted as a Justice of
the Peace for Derbyshire, served in Parliament twice
and attained a post as a Baron of the Exchequer.
10 11
9
The House of Lords Library Magazine Issue 1 • April 2019
From Lord’s
peerage. The first Peer of non-European of state, the Earl Marshal of England, delivered his maiden speech during
descent was Sir Satyendra Prasanna the Duke of Norfolk, and the Lord a debate on the interests of the
Sinha, who had been a member of the Great Chamberlain, the Marquess of Commonwealth and Britain’s negotiations
Viceroy’s Council and Under Secretary Cholmondeley. It was reported in the to join the European Economic
to Lord
of State for India, On 19 February 1919, Times that after Lord Constantine had Community (EEC). In his speech, Lord
by letters patent, he was conferred a been introduced, “a loud warm growl of Constantine advocated the protection
hereditary peerage and created hear-hears rolled round the Chamber”. of the Commonwealth Sugar Agreement
Lord Sinha. Speaking about the ceremony, Lord (CSA) if Britain entered the EEC. He
Constantine described it as “terrific”, stated that because of the “historical
Lord Constantine was introduced in
and said that he proposed to attend process” of preferential trade agreements
the House of Lords on 26 March 1969,
Parliament often, stating that “I and special arrangements being given
sponsored by Lord Brockway and the
shouldn’t have taken it on if I didn’t to Commonwealth countries and their
Government Chief Whip, Lord Beswick.
think I could do it properly”. exports, Britain had “encouraged”
Unusually, the ceremony was also
the production of certain products
attended by the two hereditary officers On 10 March 1971, Lord Constantine
Lord Constantine, West Indian cricketer and politician, and “influenced the orientation of its
became the first person of non-European descent to be marketing towards Britain”. He argued:
The great danger of Britain’s
awarded a life peerage. entry into an enlarged European
Community is the loss of this
long-valued outlet without the
Early Life and He was based in Liverpool and had in 1962, a post he held until his prospect of any alternatives, unless
Professional Cricket responsibility for West Indian workers resignation in 1964. He also received the conditions on which Britain
in munition factories and the needs of a knighthood in 1962. His period in enters are such as to enable
Learie Constantine, born on
West African seamen. He received an office coincided with the increased Commonwealth countries to
21 September 1901, was the son of
MBE for his services in 1946. During immigration of West Indians to Britain, continue to export to the enlarged
Anaise Pascall and Lebrun Samuel
this period, he also took legal action and according to the historian Gerald Community.
Constantine, a cocoa estate overseer
against the Imperial Hotel London, after M D Howat, Constantine saw concern
and member of the West Indian cricket The position is considered so
it “fail[ed] to receive and lodge him” for them as his major responsibility.
teams who toured England in 1900 and serious in the West Indies that
when he attempted to stay there with
1906. Following his resignation, Constantine I suggest that Britain makes
his wife, Norma, and daughter, Gloria.
entered the chambers of Sir Dingle acceptance of the sugar agreement
Learie Constantine played cricket with In 1944, he was awarded the nominal
Foot and practised in English courts, a condition of her entry into the
his family from an early age on their damages that he sought.
wrote and broadcast on cricket, was common market.
cocoa estate and captained St Ann’s
After eight years of trying to qualify as elected rector of St Andrews University
School, Port of Spain in 1916 and Lord Constantine did not speak again
a barrister, in 1954 Constantine passed in 1967, and in 1968 became a governor
1917. In 1921 he won a place in the in the House before his death four
his bar finals and was called by the of the BBC.
Trinidad team. In 1923 and 1928 he was months later, on 1 July 1971. He was aged
Middle Temple; he became an honorary
selected for the West Indian tour of Constantine also served on two newly 69 years old. A state funeral took place
master of the bench in 1963. He also
England. In 1929, he was engaged by the created bodies, the Sports Council on 8 July 1971 at Aroica cemetery in
published his book Colour Bar in 1954,
Lancashire league cricket club, Nelson, (1965) and the Race Relations Board
which examined racial prejudice and Trinidad. He was posthumously awarded
to become its professional. He was (1966). The Race Relations Board was
discrimination on a worldwide basis. the Trinity Cross and there was a
the first West Indian player to appear established under the Race Relations
memorial service at Westminster Abbey.
in the Lancashire league. Constantine When Constantine returned to Trinidad Act 1965. Its purpose was to assess
played for Nelson for eight seasons and in 1954, he was called to the bar there and resolve individual cases of racial For more, read Jeffrey Hill, Learie
he continued as a league professional and was elected to the first Trinidad discrimination. Constantine and Race Relations in Britain
in England until 1948, except in 1939, Legislature as a People’s Nationalist and the Empire, 2018. Biographical
House of Lords
when he joined the West Indies team Movement member for Tunapuna. In information on Lord Constantine
in England. In 1963, he was given the 1956, he became Minister of Works and In 1969, Sir Learie Constantine was The Commonwealth Sugar Agreement (CSA), signed in December
was collated through the Library’s
freedom of the borough of Nelson. Transport. However, according to his one of four new life Peers named in 1951, committed Britain to purchase for itself and New Zealand specified
subscriptions to the Times Digital Archive,
biographers, he became “disillusioned” the New Year honours list. On 24 quantities of raw sugar from the Commonwealth at an annually negotiated price.
Public Life and Politics Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,
with politics and did not stand for re- March 1969, by letters patent, he was Producers originally covered by the CSA were: Australia; South Africa; the British
West Indies; Mauritius; Fiji; the East African territories; and British Honduras. It and hard copy resources, including The
During the Second World War, election in 1961. created Lord Constantine, as recorded
was terminated in 1974. It provided the framework for the sugar protocol of Harvester Biographical Dictionary of Life
Constantine was employed by the in the London Gazette. On appointment,
Constantine returned to England when the Lomé Convention, a trade agreement first signed in 1975 between the EEC Peers. These sources are all available to
Ministry of Labour, in conjunction with he became the first person of non-
he was appointed High Commissioner and African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries. Library users; find out more about Lord
the Colonial Office, as a welfare officer. European descent to be awarded a life
for Trinidad and Tobago in London Constantine and other former Members.
12 13
The House of Lords Library Magazine Issue 1 • April 2019
Education Social Science International
New in the Library and Culture
Cognitive Gadgets:
The Cultural Evolution
of Thinking
The Village Effect:
Why Face-to-Face
Contact Matters
Susan Pinker 2015
Relations and
Foreign Affairs
The Skripal Files: The
Life and Near Death of
Cecilia Heyes 2018 The Internet Trap: How
a Russian Spy
the Digital Economy Builds
We acquire a range of books each month based on the Monopolies and Undermines
Mark Urban 2018
expertise of our selectors and our readers’ suggestions. Book Democracy The Apprentice: Trump,
loans are available to Members, Members’ staff and staff of Biography Matthew Hindman 2018 Russia and the Subversion
of American Democracy
the House. The Age of Surveillance
Greg Miller 2018
George Washington: Capitalism: The Fight for the
The Wonder of the Age Future at the New Frontier The Spy Who Changed
John Rhodehamel 2017 of Power History: The Untold Story of
The Political Class: Shoshana Zuboff 2019 How the Soviet Union Won
Send for Levene
Politics and Local Why It Matters Who European Union Peter Levene; foreword by Learie Constantine
the Race for America’s Top
Government Our Politicians Are
Peter Allen 2018 Squaring the Circle on
Lord Heseltine 2018 and Race Relations in
Britain and the Empire
Secrets
Svetlana Lokhova 2018
Brexit: Could the Norway
Governing Least: Model Work? Jeffrey Hill 2019
The Ulster Unionist Party:
A New England Libertarianism John Erik Fossum and Hans Petter
Country Before Party?
Dan Moller 2019
Thomas Hennessey et al 2019 Graver 2018 History Hello World: How to
Us vs. Them:
Cabinet’s Finest Hour: The
be Human in the Age of
the Machine
Religion and
Britain Votes 2017
The Failure of Globalism
Ian Bremmer 2018
Jonathan Tonge et al (eds) 2018 Hidden Agenda of May 1940 Hannah Fry 2018 Philosophy
David Owen 2017
The Mother of all
Hubris: The Road to Donald Business and The Border: The Legacy
Sick-Note Britain: How
Social Problems Became
Apologetics Without
Apology: Speaking of God
Networks: Britain and the
Commonwealth in the
Trump: Power, Popularism,
Narcissism Economics of a Century of Anglo-Irish Medical Issues in a World Troubled by
David Owen 2018 Politics Adrian Massey 2019 Religion
21st Century Principles of Economics Elaine Graham 2017
Diarmaid Ferriter 2019
David Howell; foreword N Gregory Mankiw 8th edition Municipal Dreams: The Rise
by William Hague 2018 2018 Peterloo: The Story of the and Fall of Council Housing Being Disciples: Essentials
Manchester Massacre John Boughton 2018 of the Christian Life
The End of British
Party Politics?
Law Inflation: History and
Measurement
Jacqueline Riding 2018
The Oxford Handbook
Rowan Williams 2016
Roger Awan-Scully 2018 The Grey Zone: Civilian Robert O’Neill 2017 A Concise History of Criminology
Protection Between of Germany Alison Liebling et al (eds)
The Monarchy of Fear: Human Rights and the Angloarabia: Why Gulf 6th edition 2017
Mary Fulbrook 3rd edition 2019
A Philosopher Looks at Laws of War Wealth Matters to Britain
Our Political Crisis Mark Lattimer and Philippe Sands David Wearing 2018 The Caucasus:
Martha C Nussbaum 2018 (eds) 2018 An introduction
Rethinking Development Reference Facts, Figures and Opinions:
Thomas De Waal 2nd edition 2018 BSA Yearbook 2018–19
Computational Propaganda: British Master Tax Guide and Politics: Essays by Reference books are available
Political Parties, Politicians, Professor Lord Meghnad Building Societies Association
2018–19 Imperial Twilight: The to be consulted in the Library.
and Political Manipulation on Sarah Arnold et al 2018 Desai on India, China and Opium War and the End of National Accounts of OECD Countries
Yearbook of International
Social Media Global Change China’s Last Golden Age Organisation for Economic
Organizations: Guide to Global
Samuel C Woolley and Philip N Bellamy and Child: Marika Vicziany (ed) 2019 Stephen Platt 2018 Co-Operation and Development
Civil Society Networks 2018–2019
Howard (eds) 2019 European Union Law of Union of International Organizations (ed) The Times/The Sunday Times
Competition Uberland: How Algorithms The Butcher of Amritsar: Good University Guide 2020
55th edition
Governing for the Future: David Bailey and Laura Elizabeth are Rewriting the Rules of General Reginald Dyer
International Migration Outlook 2018 Vacher’s Quarterly Winter 2018
Designing Democratic John (eds) 8th edition 2018 Work Nigel Collett 2007
Institutions for a Alex Rosenblat 2018 Organisation for Economic Debrett’s Peerage & Baronetage 2019
Better Tomorrow Jallianwala Bagh, 1919: Co-Operation and Development MP’s Guide to Procedure:
Jonathan Boston 2017 The Real Story 42nd edition Practical, Clearly Written
Kishwar Desai 2018 OECD Employment Outlook 2018 Information on the Chamber
Organisation for Economic and Committees
Co-Operation and Development Joanna Dodd (ed) 2019
14 15
The House of Lords Library Magazine Issue 1 • April 2019
NATO members. The New York Times
has claimed that the event had been Law I. Draft of proposed amended Open
intended as a meeting of the political General Export Licence. 4p. II. Draft of
Stop and search: extending police powers
NATO Now
proposed amended statutory guidance on
leaders of NATO’s members, but it to cover offences relating to unmanned
the criteria to be taken into consideration
has been downgraded to avoid the aircraft (drones), laser pointers and
when making a decision about whether
event being overshadowed by any corrosive substances: Government
or not to grant an export licence.
negative comments made by President response. Including annex. Home Office,
Department for Digital, Culture,
DEP2019-0243, 20 February 2019
Trump. London has been chosen to Media and Sport, DEP2019-0163,
host the next NATO leaders’ summit European Union 05 February 2019
in December 2019. At the press I. Agreement on arrangements regarding Civil Service People Survey 2017: results by
conference announcing the decision, citizens’ rights between Iceland, the organisation and health status for a question
Jens Stoltenberg was asked whether Principality of Liechtenstein, the Kingdom of on bullying and harassment at work.
The UK was a founder member of the North Atlantic Treaty there was a “political message” in the Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Cabinet Office, DEP2019-0236,
Organization (NATO) and played a prominent role in its formation decision to choose London, given that Britain and Northern Ireland following the 19 February 2019
the UK is due to have left the EU by the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the Health
on 4 April 1949. As we reach NATO’s 70th anniversary this April, time of the summit. He replied: “Brexit European Union and the EEA Agreement.
Extending legal rights to personal health
we explore current challenges and developments. will change the UK’s relationship to the 42p. II. Explainer for the agreement on
budgets and integrated personal budgets:
European Union, but it will not change citizens’ rights arrangements between Response from the government and NHS
the United Kingdom’s relationship to Iceland, the Principality of Liechtenstein and England. Incl. annexes. NHS England,
the Kingdom of Norway, and the United
NATO is a military alliance of 29 2019. NATO’s report on expenditure US, NATO and UK Defence Relations, NATO […] it’s perfectly natural that Department of Health and Social
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Care DEP2019-0254, 21 February
countries in Europe and North (2011–2018) demonstrates that in the Government stated: the UK’s hosting the leaders’ meeting
Ireland, following the withdrawal of the 2019
America. Its mission is to safeguard the 2018, the UK was one of five NATO at the end of the year, not least because United Kingdom from the European
The UK is leaving the EU London was the first seat for the NATO Department of Health departmental
freedom and security of its members members to have met the 2 percent Union in the event of a no deal scenario.
but remains unconditionally headquarters back in 1949 when the response to recommendations in the
by political and military means. NATO defence spending target. Those Department for Exiting the
committed to the security of alliance was established, and the first Northern Ireland Audit Office’s Report:
currently has approximately 20,000 members were: United States (3.5%); European Union, DEP2019-0182,
Europe and our leading role General report on the health and social
troops deployed in operations across Greece (2.27%); Estonia (2.14%); UK Secretary General of the alliance was 8 February 2019
in NATO […] The UK has care sector. Northern Ireland
the world. Its primary mission in actually a Brit”.
(2.1%); and Latvia (2%). championed closer cooperation
The European Union (Withdrawal) Act and Office, Department of Health and
Europe consists of various operations Read more in our Library Common Frameworks. 26 September 2018 Social Services, DEP2019-0224,
The UK’s withdrawal from the EU between the EU and NATO for to 25 December 2018. Cabinet Office,
in eastern Europe following Russia’s briefing, NATO: 70th Anniversary, 18 February 2019
will have no direct impact on its over a decade, and will continue to DEP2019-0178, 7 February 2019
invasion of the Crimea in 2014. 15 February 2019. A review of the Fit and Proper Person Test.
membership of NATO. However, support better working between
Reflecting on the organisation’s future Business and Economics Department of Health and Social
of the 29 NATO members, 22 are the two institutions while we
in December’s Defence News, NATO
Secretary General, Jens Stoltenberg,
current EU members and the two remain in the EU and after we Recent Deposited Employment and Support Allowance Care, Tom Kark and Jane Russell,
DEP2019-0161, 6 February 2019
has stated that modern forms of
organisations cooperate in the leave. Papers underpayments FAQs. Department for
Work and Pensions, DEP2019-
implementation of Europe’s defence Science Mathematics and
warfare present the organisation with At the last NATO leaders’ summit 0252, 21 February 2019
and security policies. For example, Technology
“significant challenges”. These include: in Brussels in 2018, NATO censured You may have noticed a minister
the EU’s training and support Russia and reaffirmed its position on Report to Parliament on the Government’s Fire performance of cladding materials
continued aggression from Russia; the saying that they will ‘place’ or
mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the territorial integrity and sovereignty progress on the UK’s exit from the Euratom research: Experimental methodology and
threat from international terrorism and ‘deposit’ information in the Library. performance criteria. Prepared for the
Operation Althea, is commanded by Treaty. Department for Business,
non-state actors; and cyberwarfare. The of the Ukraine. In response to what Only ministers can formally deposit Ministry of Housing, Communities
the NATO Deputy Supreme Allied Energy and Industrial Strategy,
organisation has also faced criticism it described as a more unpredictable papers after a commitment is made and Local Government by Building
Commander Europe, and NATO DEP2019-0212, 14 February 2019
from US President, Donald Trump, who security environment, the summit’s in a debate, statement, or in answer Research Establishment, DEP2019-
operations in the Mediterranean declaration committed NATO I. Automatic enrolment employer and eligible
0225, 11 February 2019
in a 2017 interview reported by the to a parliamentary question. It’s a
are conducted in collaboration with job holders local data as at end of January
BBC described NATO as “obsolete” members to a new ‘readiness initiative’. means for them to make further
the EU’s Mediterranean anti-people- 2019 showing number of employers who Geography and Environment
because in his view it was not doing Under the proposals, all members information available, which aids the have declared compliance and jobholders
smuggling mission, Operation Sophia. committed, by 2020, to have “30 major The Department of Agriculture,
enough to tackle terrorism. The New House in scrutinising the work of the who have been automatically enrolled,
Consequently, some commentators, Environment and Rural Affairs Departmental
York Times (14 January 2019) reported naval combatants, 30 heavy or medium by constituency as at January 2019. 26p.
including the Institute for Government government. We receive deposits in the response to recommendations in the
manoeuvre battalions, and 30 kinetic air II. Automatic enrolment declaration of
that President Trump has accused other form of letters, reports, consultations, Northern Ireland Audit Office’s Report
and the Centre for European Reform, squadrons, with enabling forces, at 30
compliance report July 2012 – end
members of not contributing enough tables of data, diagrams and maps. Eradicating Bovine TB in Northern Ireland.
have argued that the UK’s withdrawal January 2019. Department for Work
towards the defence of Europe, by days’ readiness or less”. The declaration Our indexers then process them to Northern Ireland Office,
from the EU may hinder its future and Pensions, DEP2019-0193,
failing to meet NATO’s 2 percent of also reaffirmed NATO’s commitment DEP2019-0170, 5 February 2019
ability to exert influence in NATO. make them available to Members 11 February 2019
GDP defence spending target. These to consider cyberwarfare a core area of of the House and, ultimately, the
However, the UK Government has its collective defence, in addition to the
challenges have prompted debate about public. Recent deposits can be found
rejected the suggestion that withdrawal traditional domains of air, land, and sea.
NATO’s capacity to maintain the trans- online; search ‘Deposited Papers’
from the EU would reduce the UK’s
Atlantic alliance in future. The current An event to mark NATO’s 70th on Parliament.uk. Earlier hard-copy
ability to cooperate with NATO and
UK Government remains committed anniversary will take place in deposits from 1832 to 2007 are
the EU in the future. In their response
to NATO and has described it as the Washington DC in April 2019, available on request.
to the House of Commons Defence
“cornerstone of our national security” attended by the foreign ministers of
Committee report: Indispensable Allies:
in a statement released 6 February
16 17
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