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The industry of West Europe - transformaons and direcons of development - The industry of West Europe - transformaons and direcons of ...

The industry of West Europe - transforma ons and
direc ons of development

  The industry of West Europe - transforma ons and direc ons of development
  Lesson plan (Polish)
  Lesson plan (English)

The industry of West Europe - transforma ons and
direc ons of development

Source: licencja: CC 0, [online], dostępny w internecie: h ps://pixabay.com.

Link to the lesson

Before you start you should know

what are renewable and non‐renewable resources;
what is industry and what factors favoured its development;
what was a base for establishment of industrial regions.

You will learn

how to name features of industrial activity and discuss its consequences;
indicate typical milestones in the industry development;
describe transformations which have taken place in the West Europe industry;
explain what a technopole is.

Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl

Nagranie abstraktu

Industry is a large‐scale and mechanised gathering and processing of natural supplies into
goods used for satisfying people’s needs. Development of this form of human activity was
initiated by the Industrial Revolution which took place in Great Britain in the period from
1770 to 1870. This revolution was caused by such factors as: global population growth,
development of overseas trade, sufﬁciently high scientiﬁc and technological knowledge,
and free capital. Industrialisation introduced many changes to economy and society of West
Europe.

Features of industrial ac vity
For thousands of years, people have used natural resources. In the beginning, human was an
integral component of the biosphere. However, their ability to manufacture and use tools,

facilitating exploitation of natural resources, has enabled human beings to alter components
of natural environment efﬁciently and effectively. About 10 thousand years ago, people
started to settle down for longer periods due to signiﬁcant development of agriculture.
Later, about 850 years ago, another kind of people’s inﬂuence on natural environment came
into being, namely industrial activity, distinguished by:

    employment of machines processing enormous amounts of renewable resources
    (manufactured mainly by agricultural units) and non‐renewable resources (mainly
    mineral resources being gathered from lithosphere);
    technological processes used to process resources into desired goods; however, at any
    production stage, by‐products are generated, such as waste and contaminants;
    large‐scale spatial inﬂuence with simultaneous concentration of production means and
    population over relatively limited areas in industrial regions and centres;
    concentration of people with speciﬁc qualiﬁcations.

How did industrial regions of West Europe come into being?
An industrial region is a certain area with typical features where a signiﬁcant
concentration of industrial plants occurs.
Non‐environmental factors favouring industrial development include: high number of
people with suitable qualiﬁcations, existing or emerging technical infrastructure, an outlet
for products manufactured by the industry, and research and development facilities.

The ﬁrst industrial generation came into being in Northern England in the period from
1770 to 1870.

In the late 19th century and in the early 20th century a number of inventions emerged; this
phenomenon was dubbed the second industrial revolution. At this time, electric power and
combustion engines were used in large scale, petroleum became a very useful resource,
production of many new chemical products was started, and radio communication became
a universal tool. However, it was industrial production organisation which underwent the
most radical changes. In 1908, a car production line was established in Henry Ford’s factory.
1913 marks the beginning of mass assembly line production – the next 20 years saw
production of, among other things, 15 million of pieces of Ford T.
Another change, employed for the ﬁrst time by Thomas Edison, was formation of a research
team for the purpose of solving scientiﬁc and technical issues.

The Ruhr region development and its contemporary transformations

The Ruhr region, located in North Rhine‐Westphalia in western part of Germany, belongs to
early industrial regions of Europe. With half of the 19th century gone, people started to
gather black coal as well as zinc and lead from ores located within this region. Soon,
population rose suddenly and cities experienced a massive growth.

Germany - industry
Source: tylko do użytku edukacyjnego, [online], dostępny w internecie: www.epodreczniki.pl.

The table below shows changes in employment structure in three well developed countries
of West Europe.
                                                 The United

                                                                            France                 Germany

                                                 Kingdom

                                                 2008          2016         2008          2016     2008      2016

  agriculture, forestry and
                                                 318           354,7        706,1         753,6    687,9     541,4
  ﬁshing

  industry and construction                      6473,7        354,7        5996,6        5325     687,9     11324

  wholesale and retail trade;
  repair of motor vehicles and
                                                 4274,3        4168,9       3360          3427,6   5218,5    5837,9
  motorcycles; accommodation
  and food service activities

  transportation and storage                     1623,8        1610,8       1435,7        1462,5   1842,2    2022,5

  ﬁnancial and insurance
                                                 1526,4        1598,1       1190,9        1224,1   1537,1    1521,8
  activities; real estate activities

Industrialisation processes, which had been started in the middle of the 18th century,
inﬂicted changes upon employment structure. Industrial plants became units with the most
employees, employment in agriculture dropped, and services only began to develop. The
most signiﬁcant features of this stage of economic development are: universal application

of mass and standardised production, and therefore mass consumption and public
education, necessary for achieving technical progress.
In the 70s, another stage of economic development began. It is marked by intensive
development of services and decreasing employment in industry and agriculture. Society of
the post‐industrial era is called the “society of users”.

  Task 1

  Use the available informa on sources to ﬁnd the answers and resolve the following exercise.

Exercise 1

  Move suitable names of ci es, towns or regions to correct places.

  Nord-Pas-de-Calais Mining Basin, Ruhr region, Toulouse, Lille, Edinburgh, Grenoble,
  Birmingham, Belfast, Essen, Duisburg

        France

       Germany

   United Kingdom

Technopoles – technological regions
A new phenomenon in European economy involves areas called technopoles. They are
technological centres or regions (technology district) where industrial plants with advanced
technology are concentrated around extended scientiﬁc facilities. Technopoles are ﬁlled
with laboratories and small and medium companies, supporting their businesses with
technological innovations. An extremely important modiﬁcation - in comparison to classic
industrial regions - is the fact that formerly used development stages – investing and

production – have been extended with a preceding stage, i.e. scientiﬁc research and
development works.
Technopoles are operated in many countries of West Europe. Signiﬁcant examples include
Sophia‐Antipolis in France, Cambridge in Great Britain, Munich in Germany.

  Task 2

  Employing knowledge gained during the lessons, do the following exercises.

  Exercise 2

  Exercise 3

  In the indicated ci es use the pink colour to select ci es in which there are technopolies in
  France, blue in Germany and green in Great Britain.

  Sophia An polis
  Cambridge
  Munich
  Stu gart
  Montpellier
  Grenoble
  Humberside

  Homework

    Task 3.1

    Describe the industry of West Europe. Willing students can use LearnApp to make
    crossword.

Summary
    At the breakthrough of the 19th and the 20th century, a process of industrialisation was
    initiated and led to concentration of industrial activity in urban‐industrial
    conurbations.
    The earliest conurbations of West Europe were established in places abundant with
    mineral resources, particularly black coal and metal ores.
    Industrial activity developed in stages – with certain intervals, important technological
    innovations and alterations of production processes were introduced, thus

contributing to emergence of new industrial creations. Such changes were called
    industrial revolutions.
    In the late 20th century, highly developed countries of West Europe turned from
    industrial economy to knowledge‐based economy, thus contributing to rise in demand
    for highly qualiﬁed employees.
    In early industrial regions with heavy industry domination, a reorganisation process was
    completed, thus paving way for development of new industry ﬁelds or using existing
    technical facilities for the purpose of recreation and leisure.
    Currently, technopoles play an important part, being research centres looking for
    technological innovations in order to implement them to mass production.

Keywords
industry, Ruhr region technopoles, restructuring, revitalization, industrial district,
industrialization

Glossary
  technopole

  Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl

  Nagranie słówka: technopole

  technopolia - mały obszar, na którym skupione są instytucje naukowo‐badawcze oraz
  ﬁrmy produkcyjne zajmujące się wykorzystywaniem innowacyjnych rozwiązań z zakresu
  nowoczesnych technologii (high‐tech)

Lesson plan (Polish)

Temat: Przemysł Europy Zachodniej – przemiany i kierunki rozwoju

Autor: Magdalena Jankun

Adresat

Uczeń klasy VI szkoły podstawowej, treści wykraczają poza podstawę programową

Podstawa programowa

VII. Geograﬁa Europy: położenie i granice kontynentu, główne cechy środowiska
przyrodniczego Europy. Rolnictwo, przemysł i usługi w wybranych krajach europejskich.

Uczeń:

12. przedstawia znaczenie nowoczesnego przemysłu i usług w gospodarce na przykładzie
Francji.

Cel lekcji:

Uczeń omówi przemiany przemysłowe w Europie Zachodniej.

Kryteria sukcesu

    wymienisz cechy działalności przemysłowej;
    podasz czynniki decydujące o rozwoju przemysłu;
    podasz konsekwencje działalności przemysłowej Europy Zachodniej;
    opiszesz przemiany zachodzące w przemyśle Europie Zachodniej.

Kompetencje kluczowe

    porozumiewanie się w języku ojczystym;
    porozumiewanie się w językach obcych;
    kompetencje informatyczne;
    umiejętność uczenia się.

Metody/formy pracy

    z wykorzystaniem narzędzi ICT;
    praca z materiałami edukacyjnymi oraz multimedialnymi na platformie e‐podręczniki.pl;
    dyskusja;
    mapa mentalna;
    praca indywidualna, praca w parach, praca w grupach.

Środki dydaktyczne

e‐podręcznik do nauczania geografii;
tablica interaktywna;
mapa fizyczna Europy;
atlasy geograficzne;
rzutnik multimedialny;
tablety/komputery.

Fazy lekcji

Wstępna

1. Nauczyciel informuje uczniów o temacie i celach lekcji.
2. Prowadzi dyskusję ukierunkowaną pytaniami na temat przyczyn rozwoju przemysłu.
3. Nauczyciel wskazuje uczniów, którzy zapisują swoje propozycje na tablicy interaktywnej
za pomocą mapy mentalnej z dokonaniem podziału na czynniki przyrodnicze i czynniki
pozaprzyrodnicze.

Realizacyjna

1. Nauczyciel zadaje pytanie: Jakie korzyści niesie ze sobą koncentracja przemysłu na
niewielkim obszarze? Uczniowie dyskutują na ten temat, a na zakończenie zapisują
wnioski.
2. Uczniowie pracują w parach: korzystając z materiałów źródłowych takich jak:
podręcznik do nauczania geograﬁi, e‐podręcznik, zasoby Internetu., zapoznają się
z historią pierwszej i drugiej rewolucji przemysłowej.
3. Uczniowie pracują z atlasem geograﬁcznym i odczytują informacje dotyczące gałęzi
przemysłu, surowców mineralnych oraz regionów przemysłowych na terenie takich
państw jak: Niemcy, Wielka Brytania, Francja. Mogą też korzystać z map
w e‐podręczniku: Wyspy Brytyjskie – przemysł, Niemcy – przemysł.
4. Kolejno chętni uczniowie podchodzą do mapy i wskazują dane w odniesieniu do
wybranego państwa. Koncentrują się na charakterystycznych zagłębiach
przemysłowych, wskazują ich największe ośrodki oraz podają gałęzie przemysłu, które
rozwinęły się na tym obszarze.
5. Uczniowie indywidualnie w zeszytach przedmiotowych wyjaśnią pojęcia:
restrukturyzacja, rewitalizacja i pojęcie industrializacja. Następnie omawiają je
z nauczycielem.
6. Nauczyciel prosi uczniów o podanie skutków industrializacji. Odwołuje uczniów do
tabeli w e‐podręczniku w celu przeanalizowania struktury zatrudnienia w Wielkiej
Brytanii, Francji i Niemczech w 1970 i 2010 roku. Nauczyciel inicjuje dyskusję na temat
przyczyn i skutków omawianych sytuacji. Uczniowie podają wnioski.

Podsumowująca

1. Na podsumowanie lekcji uczniowie wykonują ćwiczenia interaktywne na tablicy
interaktywnej.
2. Nauczyciel ocenia uczniów, biorąc pod uwagę wkład i ich możliwości.
3. Zadanie domowe. Korzystając z generatora w e‐podręczniku, stwórz krzyżówkę
dotyczącą przemysłu w Europie Zachodniej.

W tej lekcji zostaną użyte m.in. następujące pojęcia oraz
nagrania

Pojęcia
technopole

Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl

Nagranie słówka: technopole

technopolia - mały obszar, na którym skupione są instytucje naukowo‐badawcze oraz
ﬁrmy produkcyjne zajmujące się wykorzystywaniem innowacyjnych rozwiązań z zakresu
nowoczesnych technologii (high‐tech)

Teksty i nagrania

Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl

Nagranie abstraktu

The industry of West Europe - transformations and directions of development

For thousands of years, people have used natural resources. In the beginning, human was an
integral component of the biosphere. However, their ability to manufacture and use tools,
facilitating exploitation of natural resources, has enabled human beings to alter components

of natural environment efficiently and effectively. About 10 thousand years ago, people
started to settle down for longer periods due to significant development of agriculture.
Later, about 850 years ago, another kind of people’s influence on natural environment came
into being, namely industrial activity, distinguished by:

employment of machines processing enormous amounts of renewable resources
(manufactured mainly by agricultural units) and non‐renewable resources (mainly
mineral resources being gathered from lithosphere);
technological processes used to process resources into desired goods; however, at any
production stage, by‐products are generated, such as waste and contaminants;
large‐scale spatial influence with simultaneous concentration of production means and
population over relatively limited areas in industrial regions and centres;
concentration of people with specific qualifications.

An industrial region is a certain area with typical features where a signiﬁcant
concentration of industrial plants occurs.
Non‐environmental factors favouring industrial development include: high number of
people with suitable qualiﬁcations, existing or emerging technical infrastructure, an outlet
for products manufactured by the industry, and research and development facilities.

The ﬁrst industrial generation came into being in Northern England in the period from
1770 to 1870.

In the late 19th century and in the early 20th century a number of inventions emerged; this
phenomenon was dubbed the second industrial revolution. At this time, electric power and
combustion engines were used in large scale, petroleum became a very useful resource,
production of many new chemical products was started, and radio communication became
a universal tool. However, it was industrial production organisation which underwent the
most radical changes. In 1908, a car production line was established in Henry Ford’s factory.
1913 marks the beginning of mass assembly line production – the next 20 years saw
production of, among other things, 15 million of pieces of Ford T.
Another change, employed for the ﬁrst time by Thomas Edison, was formation of a research
team for the purpose of solving scientiﬁc and technical issues.

The Ruhr region development and its contemporary transformations

The Ruhr region, located in North Rhine‐Westphalia in western part of Germany, belongs to
early industrial regions of Europe. With half of the 19th century gone, people started to
gather black coal as well as zinc and lead from ores located within this region. Soon,
population rose suddenly and cities experienced a massive growth.

The table below shows changes in employment structure in three well developed countries
of West Europe.

Industrialisation processes, which had been started in the middle of the 18th century,
inﬂicted changes upon employment structure. Industrial plants became units with the most
employees, employment in agriculture dropped, and services only began to develop. The
most signiﬁcant features of this stage of economic development are: universal application
of mass and standardised production, and therefore mass consumption and public
education, necessary for achieving technical progress.
In the 70s, another stage of economic development began. It is marked by intensive
development of services and decreasing employment in industry and agriculture. Society of
the post‐industrial era is called the “society of users”.

A new phenomenon in European economy involves areas called technopoles. They are
technological centres or regions (technology district) where industrial plants with advanced
technology are concentrated around extended scientific facilities. Technopoles are filled
with laboratories and small and medium companies, supporting their businesses with
technological innovations. An extremely important modification - in comparison to classic
industrial regions - is the fact that formerly used development stages – investing and
production – have been extended with a preceding stage, i.e. scientific research and
development works.
Technopoles are operated in many countries of West Europe. Significant examples include
Sophia‐Antipolis in France, Cambridge in Great Britain, Munich in Germany.

At the breakthrough of the 19th and the 20th century, a process of industrialisation was
initiated and led to concentration of industrial activity in urban‐industrial
conurbations.
The earliest conurbations of West Europe were established in places abundant with
mineral resources, particularly black coal and metal ores.
Industrial activity developed in stages – with certain intervals, important technological
innovations and alterations of production processes were introduced, thus
contributing to emergence of new industrial creations. Such changes were called
industrial revolutions.
In the late 20th century, highly developed countries of West Europe turned from
industrial economy to knowledge‐based economy, thus contributing to rise in demand
for highly qualiﬁed employees.
In early industrial regions with heavy industry domination, a reorganisation process was
completed, thus paving way for development of new industry ﬁelds or using existing
technical facilities for the purpose of recreation and leisure.
Currently, technopoles play an important part, being research centres looking for
technological innovations in order to implement them to mass production.

Lesson plan (English)

Subject: The industry of West Europe - transformations and directions of development

Author: Magdalena Jankun

Target group

6th‐grade student of elementary school, content goes beyond the core curriculum

Core curriculum

VII. Geography of Europe: the location and boundaries of the continent, the main features of
the natural environment in Europe. Agriculture, industry and services in selected European
countries.

Student:

12. presents the importance of modern industry and services in the economy on the
example of France.

Purpose of the lesson:

The student will discuss industrial transformations in Western Europe.

Criteria of success

    you will tell about characteristics of industrial activity;
    provide decisive factors for the development of industry;
    give the consequences of industrial activity in Western Europe;
    you will describe the changes taking place in the Western Europe industry.

Key competences

    communicating in the mother tongue;
    communicating in foreign languages;
    IT competences;
    learning to learn.

Methods / forms of work

    using ICT tools;
    work with educational and multimedia material on the e‐podreczniki.pl platform;
    discussion;
    mental map;
    individual work, work in pairs, work in groups.

Teaching measures

e‐manual for teaching geography;
interactive whiteboard;
physical map of Europe;
geographical atlases;
projector;
tablets / computers.

Lesson plan

Introduction

1. The teacher informs students about the topic and goals of the lesson.
2. He conducts a discussion focused on questions about the causes of industrial
development.
3. The teacher indicates students who write their proposals on the interactive whiteboard
using a mental map with a division into natural factors and non‐natural factors.

Realisation

1. The teacher asks the question: What beneﬁts does the concentration of industry have
in a small area? The students discuss this subject and write their conclusions at the end.
2. Students work in pairs: using source materials such as a geography teaching handbook,
e‐textbook, Internet resources, they will learn about the history of the ﬁrst and second
industrial revolution.
3. Students work with a geographical atlas and read information about industries, mineral
resources and industrial regions in such countries as: Germany, Great Britain, France.
They can also use maps in the e‐manual: British Isles – industry, Germany – industry.
4. Successfully willing students approach the map and indicate the data in relation to the
selected country. They focus on characteristic industrial basins, indicate their largest
centers and give branches of industry that have developed in this area.
5. Students individually in the subject notebooks will explain the terms: restructuring,
revitalization and the concept of industrialization. Then they discuss it with the
teacher.
6. The teacher asks students to give the effects of industrialization. Appeals students to
the table in the e‐manual to analyze the employment structure in the UK, France and
Germany in 1970 and 2010. The teacher initiates a discussion on the causes and effects
of the discussed situations. Students provide conclusions.

Summary

1. To summarize the lesson, students perform interactive exercises on the interactive
whiteboard.

2. The teacher assesses the students, taking into account the contribution and their
possibilities.
3. Homework. Using the generator in the e‐manual, create a crossword about the industry
in Western Europe.

The following terms and recordings will be used during this
lesson

Terms
technopole

Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl

Nagranie słówka: technopole

Texts and recordings

Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl

Nagranie abstraktu

The industry of West Europe - transformations and directions of development

started to settle down for longer periods due to signiﬁcant development of agriculture.
Later, about 850 years ago, another kind of people’s inﬂuence on natural environment came
into being, namely industrial activity, distinguished by:

The ﬁrst industrial generation came into being in Northern England in the period from
1770 to 1870.

The Ruhr region development and its contemporary transformations

The table below shows changes in employment structure in three well developed countries
of West Europe.

Industrialisation processes, which had been started in the middle of the 18th century,
inﬂicted changes upon employment structure. Industrial plants became units with the most

employees, employment in agriculture dropped, and services only began to develop. The
most signiﬁcant features of this stage of economic development are: universal application
of mass and standardised production, and therefore mass consumption and public
education, necessary for achieving technical progress.
In the 70s, another stage of economic development began. It is marked by intensive
development of services and decreasing employment in industry and agriculture. Society of
the post‐industrial era is called the “society of users”.

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