ROADMAP FOR THE AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY - SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
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SUMMARY
ROADMAP FOR THE AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY
SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
Our vision is that Norwegian salmon
farming will become the most efficient and
environmentally friendly protein production
industry in the world.
Main objectives
• By 2030, salmon must be farmed using technologies that eliminate the problems of sea lice,
prevent escapes and capitalize the value of particulate matter.
• By 2030, the industry will export salmon worth more than NOK 200 billion per annum and
represent one of Norway’s most important export industries.
• Through investments in research and innovation, suppliers to the aquaculture industry will
become a significant contributor to the development of Norwegian aquaculture. Additionally,
exports of products and services will increase five-fold by 2050.
This will be achieved by active development of:
• Robust Salmon and good fish welfare
• Healthy Food for a growing and increasingly health-conscious global population
• Sustainable Production that prioritises biology and environmental sustainability
ahead of growth
• Strong Economy within the industry and for society
2
Norwegian aquaculture has experienced rather to the maritime and petroleum industries. The
extraordinary growth since being introduced in total value contributed by these suppliers to
the 1970s. In those days, the farming of salmon the entire seafood industry in 2015, including
and trout was mainly considered a supplemen- associated ripple effects, was estimated at
tary food source for the coastal population. NOK 23 billion by SINTEF.
Since 1980, the production of Norwegian farm-
ed salmon has increased from 4,000 tonnes to These aquaculture suppliers are currently go-
approximately 1.2 million tonnes. This means ing through a consolidation phase with acqui-
that the industry produces on average about sitions and mergers. Large established groups,
14 million salmon meals every day, throughout both inside and outside the industry, are buy-
the year. Norway experienced an exceptional ing national and international technology and
growth in salmon production, of around 10 per service companies. This consolidation is expect-
cent annually, in the 20-year period leading up ed to continue. Leading Norwegian aqua-
to 2013. Production has since stagnated and culture suppliers have established their own
decreased by about 5 per cent from 2015 to organisations abroad for the purpose of sell-
2016 due to sea lice and its consequences. ing goods and services to international mark-
ets. The Norwegian domestic market will re-
Aquaculture is one of Norway’s most import- main important, not least for the development
ant export industries. By 2016, seafood exceed- of new solutions. At the same time, exports
ed 12 per cent – of which salmon alone made of equipment and services have great potential
up more than 8 per cent – of total Norwegian and may exceed the value of local supply.
exports, by value. Norway accounts for more
than 50 per cent of global salmon farming.
Despite this, according to the FAO, the large
freshwater aquaculture industry in Asia rend-
ers Norway only eighth in the world in terms
of total aquaculture production.
Norwegian salmon farming is highly industri-
alised compared to other farming industries.
Despite this, there is major potential for im-
provement through further industrialisation,
upgrading traditional farming solutions and
transferring technologies from other indu-
stries. In the future, we will also see solutions
that increasingly differ from traditional
production technologies.
Aquaculture suppliers, namely the providers
associated with the aquaculture value chain,
are among the world’s most innovative and
technologically-advanced companies in their
field. In addition to supplying the seafood
industry, they also sell products and services
3
SALMON FARMING AS PART OF
THE SOLUTION
The world’s population is growing fast, getting increasing seafood consumption to improve
older and richer, with more and more people liv- public health. Farmed salmon is a healthy and
ing in cities. Over the last 50 years, the world’s safe food. It is one of the best sources of Ome-
population has doubled and the world econ- ga 3 in our diet. Strict regulations and ongoing
omy has increased six-fold. The middle class monitoring ensure that farmed salmon is safe
in emerging economies is expected to triple to eat. The safety and health benefits of eating
by 2050. The increasing purchasing power of fish such as farmed salmon are well-documen-
this expanding global middle class is creating ted. According to the Scientific Committee
a large and growing market for Norwegian on Food Safety (VKM), it protects against
seafood. Norwegian salmon is too expensive to cardiovascular disease, among other things.
feed the poorest populations, but make an im-
portant contribution to world food production. In many ways, access to feed raw materials
represents both an opportunity and a threat
The world needs safe, healthy, good food pro- to the salmon industry. A threat because of
duced in a sustainable and efficient manner. limited access to Omega 3 oils and fishmeal.
Seafood has the potential to provide this. Near- An opportunity because salmon farming is one
ly 70 per cent of the earth’s surface is covered of the most efficient ways to produce protein.
by water, yet only about two per cent of the Additionally, many by-products are used in
world’s food production comes from the sea. feed production.
The impact on the climate from agriculture is
also significantly higher than that from aqua- Increased salmon production and greater
culture. Therefore, in order to supply an ever- utilisation of the opportunities provided by
increasing global population with enough food, aquaculture will help sustain future food pro-
aquaculture production must be increased. duction. Future market opportunities for
Norwegian salmon are contingent on consum-
Health authorities worldwide, including the ers continuing to consider Norwegian salmon
World Health Organization (WHO), recommend a healthy, sustainable and desirable product.
Illustration: Marine Harvest
4
HEALTHY GROWTH to “crossover” in order to exploit solutions and
Further development requires a recognition expertise from other industries will be im-
of the need to increase the production of sea- portant. Technology from the petroleum and
food as well as significant changes to the indu- maritime industries are now being developed
stry. New technology is crucial to reaching our for use in aquaculture.
vision, and the industry must accept that dev-
elopment cannot occur until environmental The Government’s ambition is for Norway to
challenges, such as sea lice, are addressed and become the world’s leading seafood nation
effectively managed. The future potential of through a five-fold increase in salmon produ-
Norwegian salmon production is more import- ction and a six-fold increase in value creation
ant than short-term results and a single-minded between 2010 and 2050. Although growth in
focus on growth. Norwegian salmon production has stagnated
since 2012, the potential for further expansion
Our extensive sea and coastal areas, ideal temp- is high.
eratures and well-developed infrastructure
give Norway a significant advantage in terms Future growth in the aquaculture industry
of efficient salmon production. Norwegian could take the form of increased production,
aquaculture can also build on well-established greater redistribution, aggressive product
traditions, solutions and expertise from the development and increased market develop-
maritime industries. ment. Additionally, there is great potential to
increase sales of technologies and services
The total production costs of Norwegian aqua- to international aquaculture markets. This also
culture need to be reduced to ensure future includes products and services in research and
competitiveness. Further industrialisation is fish health. Norwegian Salmon is a strong brand
therefore needed. A proactive approach to both nationally and internationally. Because of
the challenges currently facing the industry its environmental challenges, and the way these
is also required, rather than using massive have been handled, the industry is still strugg-
resources to tackle problems after the event. ling with its reputation. Parts of the industry
Collaboration between parties who contribute have not fully acknowledged these challenges.
5
DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION
More rapid innovation is necessary. The Government’s system of development licenses is in-
tended to stimulate ground-breaking new solutions for many of the environmental challenges
facing the aquaculture industry.
The focus must be on developing solutions that prevent lice infestation, the spread of infection
and fish escaping, as well as on exploiting resources that currently go to waste. This does not
mean that completely enclosed facilities are the only solution; but future farms must adopt diffe-
rent and smarter barriers to infection and escape than at present.
Some of the new aquaculture solutions may enable salmon production elsewhere in the world,
in locations that do not enjoy the same natural conditions as in Norway with its long coastline,
deep fjords and optimal water temperatures. Bearing today’s high prices in mind, land-based fa-
cilities could also become profitable. The development of new solutions with less environmental
impact and cheaper production costs will therefore be required to strengthen the overall compe-
titiveness of Norwegian aquaculture. Norsk Industri harbours ambitions for Norwegian aquacul-
ture to ensure its global competitiveness through always being at the forefront of development.
The goal is for Norwegian aquaculture to be the largest and best in salmon farming industry
through sustainable growth, rapid innovation, expanding industrialisation and further develop-
ment of products and markets.
AMBITIONS Impact on the environment
Production growth
The blue line illustrates
production growth ambitions
whereas the red dotted lines
indicate potential environ- A
mental impact outcomes.
Increased production volume
with existing level of environ-
mental footprint will result in
an unacceptable impact on the B
environment (A). Stabilizing
existing levels of emission (B)
will not prove sustainable over
time. New solutions with lower
environmental footprint per kilo
fish produced (C) are necessary
to obtain future production
growth targets.
C
Time
6ROADMAP OF RECOMMENDATIONS besides sea lice, and how these can be used
A prerequisite for ensuring healthy growth in to regulate the aquaculture industry, must
salmon farming is that the industry and Go- be established.
vernment work together to increase expertise, • All facilities must be ASC-certified or appro-
develop technologies and expand industriali- ved under a similar scheme by 2022.
sation. • Existing special regulations that contribute
to bureaucracy and weaken competitiveness
In summary, the following measures are for the industry must be abolished, while
proposed: avoiding new ones.
• Fees for new production permits and the
Management and regulations extension of existing permit must, in their
• The system of promoting and awarding entirety, be charged to the host municipalities.
development licenses must be extended
until the environmental challenges identified Export-oriented measures
in the roadmap are resolved. • Negotiating new trade agreements must be
• The production areas scheme is to be intensified.
continued, but with larger areas and stricter • The export levy must be abolished.
regulations on fallowing and the use of oce- • An export strategy for Norwegian aquacul-
an “firelines” to reduce the risk of the spread ture technologies must be established.
of infection.
• Fish farms that are not made escape-proof Strengthening research, development
by 2024 will be required to label all salmon and innovation
for tracking and easier harvesting. • A national forum for research and innovation
• Independent regional sea lice counting in aquaculture technologies and sustainable
teams are to be set up from 2018 farming must be established.
• From 2022, a fee linked the number of sea • The aquaculture programme, Demo Hav-
lice in the farms is to be introduced. bruk, is to be established at the Research
• Additional sanctions, such as the require- Council of Norway and focus on alleviating
ment for sea lice-free facilities, is to be intro- risk in testing and piloting new aquaculture
duced from 2027. technologies.
• Knowledge of environmental indicators • Research on fish health is to be intensified.
2018
Independent 2022 2027 2050
counting Sea lice fee Sea lice-free 5x
teams installations
2016 2022 2024 2030
60 billion ASC–certification Escape-proof 200 billion
installations
7Design: www.bly.as
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FEDERATION OF NORWEGIAN INDUSTRIES
Næringslivets Hus, Middelthuns gate 27 norskindustri.no/veikart
Postboks 7072 Majorstuen, 0306 Oslo twitter.com/NorskIndustri
Tlf. 23 08 88 00 The Federation of Norwegian Industries
post@norskindustri.no is the largest sectoral federation in the
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