REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE - Ministry, Theology and Culture - ADELAIDE
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REFERENCING GUIDE:
SBL STYLE
Ministry, Theology and Culture
This document has been prepared as an introductory guide only and in all cases further inquiry needs to be
made directly to the following (available from the Tabor Adelaide library):
The SBL Handbook of Style: For Biblical Studies and Related Disciplines. 3rd ed. Atlanta: SBL Press, 2014.
Revised May, 2019Table of Contents PART 1: Format, Style and General Questions ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 PART 2: SBL Referencing Examples: Footnotes and Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Books ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Journal Articles ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Newspaper Articles ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Internet/Websites ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 Lectures Notes, Tabor Adelaide Texts and Other Personal Sources ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Audio-Visual and Other Non-Book, Non-Journal Media........................................................................................................................................................................................ 13 Miscellaneous Sources........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Example of In-Text Citations and Footnotes ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Example of Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Appendix 1 – Abbreviations for Books of the Bible ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 2
PART 1: FORMAT, STYLE AND GENERAL QUESTIONS
What is SBL? SBL stands for the Society of Biblical Literature and its publication manual is the standard for the writing and referencing style in
Religious Studies faculties in many universities and colleges across the world.
SBL Style SBL uses footnotes and a bibliography to reference material in your work. Each of these is explained below.
Why use footnotes and how are Footnotes provide immediate access to the source of information or expand on a piece of information in the text. Your word
they formatted? processing package will have the facility to produce footnotes. See Part 2 for formatting. In the footnotes, the first time a particular
book, journal article or other source is referenced it is always written in full. With subsequent reference to that particular source it is
abbreviated. Example of footnotes:
1
Eric Law, Inclusion: Making Room for Grace (St Louis, MO: Chalice Press, 2000), 27.
6
Law, Inclusion, 30.
7
Law, Inclusion, 32-37.
How do I format a bibliography? In Part
Begin 2 examples
the of left
entry at the a first and also
margin and ause
subsequent footnote
double spacing. havesecond
Indent been given.
and subsequent lines (hanging indent). List entries
alphabetically by the first letter of the reference (usually the author’s surname, but sometimes a title if author is unknown). If there
is more than one book for an author then list in date order.
What needs to be included in the All sources of quotations and information that you have used in your writing needs to be acknowledged formally. This includes
footnotes and bibliography? paraphrased information where you have reworded the idea from a source, so it is not directly quoted, but the concept has been
adopted from the source.
What is not included in the Ideas of your own or ideas that are considered common knowledge in the field of study do not need to be referenced. Quotations
footnotes and bibliography? from the Bible are not included in the footnotes or bibliography but are acknowledged in an in-text citation.
Citing names in footnotes and in Wherever possible state a person’s first name or the name they are best known by in full and use initials for other names.
the bibliography Examples: John C. Jones, or F. Susan Miller. Some people are simply known by their initials and use them in authorship, so in this
case use only the initials. If you can’t find the first name in all searches, then the initial is acceptable.
What is plagiarism? Plagiarism is the use of other people’s work without appropriate acknowledgement. This guide explains how to acknowledge
sources used in your writing using SBL style. Plagiarism is a serious offence with serious consequences (see current Tabor
Adelaide Student Handbook under Academic Misconduct).
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 3What changes are there to SBL Very few changes are necessary, except for:
style for the Australian context? • Australian spelling in all but quotations from American text or titles.
• Addition of Australian states to the place of publication if the state is not obvious. For example, there is no need to add
the state after Melbourne, but it would be sensible for Millswood, SA. For texts from other countries follow a similar
principle. For example Boston and London stand alone, but Cheltenham, UK and Grand Rapids, MI would be sensible.
• For Australian spelling and contemporary usage you may also consult The Macquarie Dictionary, 6th ed., Sydney:
Macquarie Dictionary Publishers, 2013; and for editing conventions consult the Style Manual for Authors, Editors and
Printers, 6th ed., rev. by Snooks & Co., Milton, QLD: John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
Adapting to SBL style The referencing for the section Audio-Visual and Other Non-Book, Non-Journal Media has been adapted to fit the SBL style as they
are not included in the handbook.
What are the best sources for my This will vary according to the task, so be guided by your lecturer. As a general rule, textbooks and articles from professional journals
assignments? are most highly valued. These may be either print or electronic versions. The wide range of sources represented in this guide may be
used for different purposes, most often with a core of relevant books and journal articles. Popular texts, websites, and personal
communication are more often illustrative of points that are supported by more solid research, rather than being regarded as
authoritative sources on their own.
How many references should be This will vary with the subject and type of assignment. As a general rule, for undergraduate work not less than five substantial,
used? relevant texts should be included. For postgraduate, significantly more. Check with your lecturer for specific requirements.
When should page numbers be When available, page numbers should always be included in the footnote attached to a direct quotation. Paragraph numbers or
used? headings may be used where no page numbers are available. Page numbers may be used for paraphrased ideas (where you have
rewritten an idea in your own words, but drawn heavily on a specific part of your source text). Page numbers are not needed where
your paraphrase draws upon multiple parts of a source text or describes the gist of an entire text.
What is the purpose of an Appendices are for relevant supplementary material not appropriate for inclusion in the body of the text, such as interview
appendix (plural, questions, a table or other data used for analysis, or essential background information. Appendices are usually brief. If more than
appendices)? one, they should be labelled Appendix A, Appendix B, etc. Appendices are attached AFTER the bibliography. Sources cited in
appendices are referenced in the same way as the body of the text, by using footnotes and the bibliography. Reference to the
appendices can be made in the body of the text. For example: (see Appendix) or (see Appendix B). Appendices do not need to be
double spaced.
What is a secondary source and A secondary source is one cited in the text of another author. For example, in an article by Williams, written in 2009, there is
how do you cite it? reference to the work of Clay, who wrote in 2001. If you use the information from Clay, this should be referenced as a secondary
source. For higher levels of academic study, it is preferable to go to the original source to ensure that you understand the context
of the original work.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 4How do I reference a work if no If available, use the organisation‘s name as author. Use double quotation marks if you are referring to the title of an article.
author is provided?
How do I cite an article or A course reader is made up of different types of sources. Cite each reading according to the source.
chapter in a Tabor Adelaide book
of readings or uploaded online on
the subject webpage?
What is a DOI and how is it A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a unique and permanent name assigned to an individual electronic work and should be provided
referenced? in the reference where it is available. This alphanumeric string is usually located on the first page of the article. If no DOI is available,
provide the URL information in the reference. See Part 2 for details of how to reference.
What font and spacing is used for The font and size are not specified, but a simple clear font, size 12, would normally be used for assignments. Double spacing is
assignments? required for normal text, but may be altered for tables or other specialised formats. Your bibliography should be double spaced, set
out as in this guide, with the first line at the margin, and second and subsequent lines of each entry indented by approximately one
centimetre. Footnotes should be single spaced.
Are paragraphs indented? Yes. Indent paragraphs by one tab space and do not leave more than the standard double spacing between paragraphs.
In an assignment, how much At Tabor the general rule is that up to 10% of an assignment may consist of direct quotation. Quotes are usually included in the total
direct quotation can I use? word count, but consult your lecturer if in doubt.
How should I format quotations? Quotations of less than 5 lines should be integrated into the paragraph, enclosed by double quotation marks, and followed by a
footnote. The full stop (or other punctuation) is placed within the quotation marks. Quotations of 5 lines or more should be
formatted as a block (next item).
What is a block quote? Any quotation of 5 lines or more should be formatted as a block: no quotation marks; single spaced; whole block indented and left
aligned; and same size font as the body of the text. Citation as for other quotations.
What is included/not included in The bibliography, footnotes, appendices, words on maps, graphs, or inserted tables are NOT included in the word count. Normally
the word count? an automatic count from the first word of the first paragraph to the last word of the final paragraph would be taken as sufficiently
How do you cite the Bible and accurate.
It is not necessary to list the Bible or the Qur’an or other classical religious works in the footnotes or bibliography. However, in
other classic works? the first citation indicate the version you used. For example: The researchers consulted the Bible (KJV) to provide items for the
development of their religious values assessment. Example of a direct quote: The Bible enumerates these virtues: “And now these
three remain: faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love” (1-Cor 13:1 NIV) or The Qur’an 5:3 specifies some dietary
restrictions, such as forbidding Muslims to eat “the flesh of swine.” Books without chapters should be spelled out. Examples: First
Corinthians has a lot to teach us. The passage, 1-Cor 5:6, is considered crucial. See Appendix 1 for how to abbreviate books of the
Bible and page 122 of The SBL Handbook of Style for how to abbreviate versions of the Bible. If you are using more than one
translation, you must also indicate the version in subsequent citations.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 5How do I use nouns referring to Nouns traditionally used as alternative names for God or the persons of the Trinity are capitalised. For example: Father God, Lamb
God or the Trinity? of God, Lord of Lords, Messiah, or Word. Less often used names can be lower case. For example: bread of life or light of the world.
Pronouns referring to God, such as “he”, should not be capitalised.
Can I use acronyms in place of The full name of the organisation should be used the first time it is mentioned in-text, in the footnotes, and also in the bibliography.
full names of organisations? Usually the acronym is inserted in brackets after the first mention in-text, if it is to be used in subsequent discussion. The acronym
may be used in subsequent citations. For example: The World Council of Churches (WCC) has released a report on mission. Further
discussion of the WCC report was undertaken.
How do I cite foreign words? Foreign words and phrases are typically italicised. Example: the chapter focused on missio Dei.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 6PART 2: SBL REFERENCING EXAMPLES: FOOTNOTES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
NOTE: The following guide is formatted with SINGLE SPACING, font size 11 to save space (and paper in printed editions). For your assignments please use
DOUBLE SPACING and font size 12 for the body of the text and the bibliography, and size 10 for the footnotes.
Examples of subsequent abbreviated footnotes have been given where appropriate as the last entry in each footnote example.
BOOKS
MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE
1
Book with single author Hugh Mackay, Advance Australia Where? Mackay, Hugh. Advance Australia Where? Why
Why We’ve Changed, How We’ve Changed We’ve Changed, How We’ve Changed and What
and What Will Happen Next (Sydney: Will Happen Next. Sydney: Hachette Australia,
Hachette Australia, 2007), 24. 2007.
Subsequent footnotes:
4
Mackay, Advance Australia Where?, 28.
5
Mackay, Advance Australia Where?, 57.
Book with two or three authors 2 Mark L. Branson and Juan F. Martinez, Churches, Branson, Mark L., and Juan F. Martinez. Churches,
Culture and Leadership: A Practical Theology of Culture and Leadership: A Practical Theology of
Congregations and Ethnicities (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Congregations and Ethnicities. Downers Grove, IL:
Academic, 2011), 424-428. IVP Academic, 2011.
3
Julie Perfect and Steve Perfect, Ministry and Married Perfect, Julie, and Steve Perfect. Ministry and Married
Life (Las Vegas: Bliss Books, 2000), 75-95. Life. Las Vegas: Bliss Books, 2000.
7
Perfect and Perfect, Ministry and Married Life, 80.
5
Book with four or more authors Bernard B. Scott et al., Reading New Testament Scott, Bernard B., Margaret Dean, Kristen Sparks, and
Greek (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993), 22-32. Frances LaZar. Reading New Testament Greek.
9 Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993.
Scott et al., Reading New Testament Greek, 30.
13
Book with no author The Book Society, Style Manual for Busy People The Book Society. Style Manual for Busy People. Unley, SA:
(Unley, SA: ABC Press, 2006), 108-110. ABC Press, 2006.
OR OR
14
The Macquarie Dictionary, 6th ed. (Sydney: The Macquarie Dictionary. 6th ed. Sydney: Macquarie
Macquarie Dictionary Publishers, 2013). Dictionary Publishers, 2013.
17
The Macquarie Dictionary.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 74
Multiple works by same author, published Michael Green, Evangelism in the Early Church Green, Michael. Evangelism in the Early Church. Grand Rapids,
in different years (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1970), 94-99. MI: Eerdmans, 1970.
8
Michael Green, Evangelism Through the Local Church ----. Evangelism Through the Local Church. London: Hodder
(London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1990), 2-6. and Stoughton, 1990.
10
Green, Evangelism Through the Local Church, 3.
11
Green, Evangelism Through the Local Church, 5.
3
Multiple works by same author, published Penny South, What Ministers Need to Know About South, Penny. What Ministers Need to Know About Grace.
in same year Grace (Melbourne: ACE Press, 2009a), 14. Melbourne: ACE Press, 2009a.
7
Penny South, What Ministers Need to Know ----. What Ministers Need to Know About Peace. Melbourne:
About Peace (Melbourne: ACE Press, 2009b), 6-9. ACE Press, 2009b.
10
A translated book Wilhemena Schmidt, An Introduction to the Old Schmidt, Wilhemena. An Introduction to the Old Testament.
Testament, tans. Peter Orr (Sydney: Better Books, Translated by Peter Orr. Sydney: Better Books, 1994.
1994), 36-40.
13
Schmidt, Introduction to the Old Testament, 39.
3
Book with one editor Moises M. Silva, ed., Foundations of Contemporary Silva, Moises M., ed. Foundations of Contemporary
Interpretation (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1996), 2- Interpretation. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1996.
7.
2
Book with two or three editors Wendy C. Hall and Steve B. Smith, eds., Church Hall, Wendy C., and Steve B. Smith, eds. Church Growth
Growth in Europe (London: Pilgrim Press, 2007), 5. in Europe. London: Pilgrim Press, 2007.
6
Hall and Smith, Church Growth, 7.
3
Book with four or more editors John Green et al., eds., Understanding Noah Green, John, Mary White, Julie Black, and Mark Rainbow, eds.
(Millswood, SA: Hoorah Books, 2015), 33-55. Understanding Noah. Millswood, SA: Hoorah Books,
7
Green et al., Understanding Noah, 40-45. 2015.
6
Book with both author and editor/s Robyn Hood, Giving in Churches: An Analysis, ed. John Hood, Robyn. Giving in Churches: An Analysis. Edited by John
Little and Sue Sherriff (Nottingham, UK: Sherwood Little and Sue Sherriff. Nottingham, UK: Sherwood Press,
Press, 1990), 45-47. 1990.
8
Hood, Giving in Churches, 46.
7
Article in an edited volume Harold Marsh, “A Very Short History of Judaism,” in Marsh, Harold. “A Very Short History of Judaism.” Pages 34-
Potted World Religions, ed. Sue Happy (Adelaide: 36 in Potted World Religions. Edited by Sue Happy.
Optimistic Books, 2014), 35. Adelaide: Optimistic Books, 2014.
10
Marsh, “A Very Short History”, 36.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 84
Book with more than one publisher Joe Bloggs, How to Love Study: A Guide (London: Born Bloggs, Joe. How to Love Study: A Guide. London: Born Books;
Books; Brighton, SA: Academic Press, 2010), 24-25. Brighton, SA: Academic Press, 2010.
3
Book with editions Bruce Findlay, How to Write Psychology Research Findlay, Bruce. How to Write Psychology Research Reports
Reports and Essays, 4th ed. (Frenchs Forest, NSW: and Essays. 4th ed. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson
Pearson Prentice Hall, 2006), 99-108. Prentice Hall, 2006.
OR OR
4
Joseph Blenkinsopp, A History of Prophesy in Blenkinsopp, Joseph. A History of Prophesy in Israel. Rev and
Israel, rev and enl. ed. (Louisville, KY: Westminster enl. ed. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 1996.
John Knox, 1996), 22-24.
Book with volume numbers 2
Mark Ellingsen, The Late First Century to the Eve Ellingsen, Mark. The Late First Century to the Eve of the
of the Reformation, vol. 1 of Reclaiming Our Reformation. Vol. 1 of Reclaiming Our Roost: An Inclusive
Roost: An Inclusive Introduction to Church History Introduction to Church History. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press
(Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 1999), International, 1999.
22-32.
3
Book on Kindle or a similar digital format Malcolm Gladwell, Outliers: The Story of Success Gladwell, Malcolm. Outliers: The Story of Success. New York:
(New York: Little, Brown and Co, 2008), Kindle edition. Little, Brown and Co. 2008. Kindle edition.
E-book with no DOI assigned; downloaded1. 6 Stephen Kaufman, The Akkadian Influences on Kaufman, Stephen. The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic. AS 19.
from internet but NOT Kindle or a Aramaic, AS 19 (Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago,
similar format University of Chicago, 1974), http://oi.uchicago.edu/ 1974. http://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/as19.pdf.
pdf/as19.pdf.
2. 8 Kaufman, The Akkadian Influences.
1
E-book with DOI assigned Ann E. Killebrew and Margaret Steiner, eds., The Killebrew, Ann E., and Margaret Steiner, eds. The Oxford
Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant: c. Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant: c. 8000-
8000-332 BCE (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014), 332 BCE. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. doi:
doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212972.001.0001. 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212972.001.0001.
7
Killebrew and Steiner, Archaeology of the Levant.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 9JOURNAL ARTICLES
MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE
2
Journal article with single author Suzie Smith, “Qualities of Cross-Cultural Workers,” Smith, Suzie. “Qualities of Cross-Cultural Workers.” Journal of
Journal of Happy Missionaries 23 (2001): 34-36. Happy Missionaries 23 (2001): 34-40.
4
Smith, “Cross-Cultural Workers,” 35. It is not necessary to include the issue number if the journal
volume is paginated consecutively (i.e. each issue of the same
volume does not start again at page 1 but continues on from the
previous issue).
Journal article with two or three authors 5 Cross, Jenny C., Joe Huff, and Peter Peeved. “How to Curb Your
Jenny C. Cross, Joe Huff, and Peter Peeved, “How to
Curb Your Temper,” Journal of Anger Management 3 Temper.” Journal of Anger Management 3 (1999): 77-89.
(1999): 78.
7
Journal article with four or more authors Vanessa Chong et al., “Observations of InternationalChong, Vanessa, Tim O’Hare, Omar Khan, and Neelam Laif.
Students,” Education Monthly 11 (1956): 30. “Observations of International Students.” Education
Monthly 11 (1956): 3-34.
6
Journal article with no author “The Pain of Being a Caffeine Freak,” New Scientist “The Pain of Being a Caffeine Freak.” New Scientist 172 (2001):
172 (2001): 27. 27.
2
Online journal article with DOI assigned Richard Klimoski and Susan Palmer, “The ADA and the Klimoski, Richard, and Susan Palmer. “The ADA and the Hiring
Hiring Process in Organizations,” Consulting Process in Organizations.” Consulting Psychology Journal:
Psychology Journal: Practice and Research 45 (1993): Practice and Research 45 (1993): 10-36. doi: 10.1037/1061-
10-36, doi: 10.1037/1061-4087.45.2.10. 4087.45.2.10.
6
Klimoski and Palmer, “The Hiring Process.”
12
Online journal article with no DOI assigned Tamra Sillick, “Emotional Intelligence and Self- Sillick, Tamra. “Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem Mediate
Esteem Mediate Between Perceived Early Parental Between Perceived Early Parental Love and Adult
Love and Adult Happiness,” E-Journal of Applied Happiness.” E-Journal of Applied Psychology 2 (2006): 38-
Psychology 2 (2006): 38–48, 48. http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/ index.php/ejap.
http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap.
14 Sillick, “Emotional Intelligence.”
6
Online journal article with no page Jack Williams, “The Victims of Crime,” Sociology Williams, Jack. “The Victims of Crime.” Sociology Review 17.4
numbers Review 17. 4 (2008), (2008).http://magazines.philipallan.co.uk/
http://magazines.philipallan.co.uk/ Magazines/ Magazines/Sociology-Review.aspx.
Sociology-Review.aspx.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 10NEWSPAPER ARTICLES
NEWSPAPER ARTICLES FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE REFERENCE LIST EXAMPLE
7
Newspaper article in print Ann Other, “Theological Education the Key to a Other, Ann. “Theological Education the Key to a Longer
Longer Life,” The Daily Planet, January 6, 2013.), 14. Life.” The Daily Planet, January 6, 2013.
11
Other, “Theological Education.” 14.
10
Newspaper article from a website Rick Morton, “The Heat Goes On … and On,” The Morton, Rick. “The Heat Goes On … and On.” The Australian
Australian, January 7, 2013), January 7, 2013. http://www.theaustralian.
http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/th com.au/news/nation/the-heat-goes-on-and-on/story-
e-heat-goes-on-and-on/story-e6frg6nf- e6frg6nf-1226548526778.
22654852677.
13
Morton, “The Heat Goes On.”
Newspaper article without author 9 “Saving Power Can Kill,” The Advertiser, January 7, “Saving Power Can Kill.” The Advertiser, January 7, 2013.
2013), 14.
11
“Saving Power Can Kill,” 14.
INTERNET
M ATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE
Web document 4 “The One Hundred Most Important Cuneiform “The One Hundred Most Important Cuneiform Objects.”
Objects,” http://cdli.ox.ac.uk/wiki/doku.php?id= http://cdli.ox.ac.uk/wiki/doku.php?id=the_one_hundred_
the_one_hundred_most_important_cuneiform_ most_important_cuneiform_objects.
objects.
7 “Important Cuneiform Objects.”
9
Blog Mark Goodacre, “Jesus’ Wife Fragment: Another Not listed in bibliography.
Round-Up,” NT Blog, 9 May 2014, http://ntweblog.
blogspot.com.
15
Goodacre, “Jesus’ Wife Fragment.”
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 11LECTURE NOTES AND OTHER PERSONAL SOURCES
MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE
6
Printed/online lecture notes David Turnbull, “Evangelism” (lecture, Tabor, Turnbull, David. “Evangelism.” Lecture, Tabor, Adelaide, SA, April
Adelaide, SA, April 30, 2010). 30, 2010.
10 Turnbull, “Evangelism.”
8
Lecture at Tabor Adelaide Aaron Chalmers, TM5121 Introduction to the Old Not listed in bibliography.
Testament (Lecture 7, 2013).
10
Chalmers, TM5121 Introduction to the Old
Testament.
4
Personal communication, interviews, Jenny Spinner, email message to author, Not listed in bibliography.
emails and letters September 2, 2014.
7
Spinner, email.
9
Ali Khan, interview by Alia Souk, May 3, 2010.
(If the transcript is publically available, these
details can be included)
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 12AUDIO-VISUAL AND OTHER NON-BOOK, NON-JOURNAL MEDIA
MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE
4
DVD/Motion Picture “Crop Duster Attack,” North by Northwest, directed Hitchcock, Alfred, dir. “Crop Duster Attack.” In North by
by Alfred Hitchcock (1959; Burbank CA: Warner Home Northwest. 1959; Burbank CA: Warner Home Video,
Video, 2000), DVD. 2000. DVD.
6
”Crop Duster Attack.”
7
Television broadcast 60 Minutes, produced by Rob Anderson and Clive Anderson, Rob and Clive Morgan, pro. 60 Minutes. Aired June
Morgan, aired June 20, 2008, on Channel 9. 20, 2008 on Channel 9.
9
60 Minutes.
5
Motion picture Martin Scorsese, producer and Kenneth Lonergan, Not listed in bibliography.
writer/director, You Can Count on Me (Los Angeles:
Paramount Pictures, 2000), Motion picture.
8
Scorsese and Lonergan, You Can Count on Me.
4
Music recording New York Trumpet Ensemble, with Edward Carroll New York Trumpet Ensemble, with Edward Carroll
(trumpet) and Edward Brewer (organ), Art of the (trumpet) and Edward Brewer (organ). Art of the
Trumpet, recorded at the Madeira Festival, June 1–2, Trumpet. Recorded at the Madeira Festival, June
1981, compact disc. 1–2, 1981. Compact disc.
7
New York Trumpet Ensemble.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 132
Music track from an album/Spotify “Umbrella,” featuring Jay-Z, Spotify, track 1 on Rhianna. “Umbrella.” Featuring Jay-Z. Spotify. Track 1 on
Rihanna, Good Girl Gone Bad, Island Def Jam, 2007. Rihanna, Good Girl Gone Bad, Island Def Jam, 2007.
5 ”Umbrella.”
6
Podcast Mike Danforth and Ian Chillag, “F-Bombs, Danforth, Mike and Ian Chillag. “F-Bombs, Chicken, and
Chicken, and Exclamation Points,” April 21, 2015, Exclamation Points.” April 21, 2015. In How to Do Everything.
in How to Do Everything, produced by Gillian Produced by Gillian Donovan. Podcast, MP3 audio, 18:46.
Donovan, podcast, MP3 audio, 18:46, http://www.npr.org/podcasts/510303/how-to-do-everything.
http://www.npr.org/podcasts/510303/how-to-
do-everything.
9
Danforth and Chillag, “Exclamation Points.”
6
Video clip (Youtube) “Lang Lang: The Chopin Album,” interview by Jeff “Lang Lang: The Chopin Album.” Interview by Jeff
Spurgeon, October 15, 2012, video, 54:47, Spurgeon. October 15, 2012. Video, 54:47.
https://youtu.be/1d8xv1HHKtI. https://youtu.be/1d8xv1HHKtI.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 143
Online or streaming video Tom Zubrycki, producer and director and Jimmy Chi, Not listed in bibliography.
writer, Bran Nue Dae: A Musical Journey (2009),
http://www.kanopystreaming.com, video recording.
1
Image in a book My Car Poem in A Passion for Poetry, written and Not listed in bibliography.
illustrated by Mandy Tunica (Newtown, NSW: PETA,
2005, 117, image.
5
My Car Poem.
1
Image online Human Skeleton, http://www. Not listed in bibliography.
teachpe.com/images/anatomy/skeleton.jpg, 2011,
image.
2
Saudi
Arabia,http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/
countrys/asia/ sa.htm, 2009, topographic map.
3
David Tunbridge, Volunteers of the ACT Bushfire
Service Lighting a Back-Burn on the Mount Franklin
Road, Brindabella Ranges, on the Night of 11/12
January 2003, http://nla.gov.au/ nla.pic-an24954626,
online image.
6
Saudi Arabia.
9
Tunbridge, Volunteers of the ACT Bushfire
Service.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 15MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES
MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE
4
Annual report of an organization World Vision Australia, ”Annual Report,” released World Vision Australia. ”Annual
2012, http://www.worldvision.com.au /aboutus/ Report.”http://www.worldvision.com.au/aboutus/
AnnualReportsAndReviews.aspx. Annual ReportsAndReviews.aspx.
6
World Vision Australia, “Annual Report.”
7
Paper presented at a conference Susan Niditch, “Oral Culture and Written Niditch, Susan. “Oral Culture and Written Documents.”
Documents” (paper presented at the Annual Meeting Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the New
of the New England Region of the SBL, Worcester, MA, England Region of the SBL. Worcester, MA, 25 March
25 March 1994), 13-17. 1994.
9
Niditch, “Oral Culture,” 13.
7
Conference proceedings published Ros Wilkinson, “The Sociology of Religion,” in Wilkinson, Ros. “The Sociology of Religion.” Pages 2-10 in
Sociology ForThis Age, ed. Jack Fourtree and Sue Fifer, Sociology For This Age. Edited by Jack Fourtree and Sue Fifer.
paper presented at The Australian Triennial Sociology Paper presented at The Australian Triennial Sociology
Conference, Monash University, Melbourne, 24-26 Conference. Monash University, Melbourne, 24-26
December (Churchill, VIC: Celts Press, 1999) 7-9. December. Churchill, VIC: Celts Press, 1999.
10 Wilkinson, “The Sociology of Religion” (Fourtree
and
Fifer), 8.
3
Conference proceedings unpublished Vic Gidley, “Working Together to Make the Dream a Gidley, Vic. “Working Together to Make the Dream a Reality.”
Reality,” paper presented at the ATSIM Indigenous Paper presented at the ATSIM Indigenous Health
Health Conference, Wahroonga, NSW, 11-13 October Conference. Wahroonga, NSW, 11-13 October 2000.
2000.
6 Gidley, “Working Together.”
2
Thesis published Geoff D. Arnott. Working in Aged Care and Disability Arnott, Geoff D. Working in Aged Care and Disability Services: An
Services: An Introduction (Croydon, VIC: Tertiary Press, Introduction. Croydon, VIC: Tertiary Press, 2005.
2005), 34.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 164
Thesis unpublished David Wescombe-Down, “Working With Gifted and Wescombe-Down, David. “Working With Gifted and Twice-
Twice-Exceptional Undergraduate and Postgraduate Exceptional Undergraduate and Postgraduate Education
Education Students in Australia” (PhD diss. Curtin Students in Australia.” PhD diss. Curtin University, 2013.
University, 2013), 32-33.
7 Wescombe-Down, “Education
Students in Australia,”
45.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 17EXAMPLE OF FOOTNOTES
This guide is designed to help you understand how to format your essays and reference your work in order to avoid the dangers of plagiarism.1 It
also explains the SBL referencing system.2 Some of the basic rules are that you use a short quote like this: Smith observes that “it is often hard to
help others fit in.”3 Or if you wish to use a longer quote it is blocked. According to Law, inclusion is the ultimate aim:
Inclusion is a discipline of extending our boundary to take into consideration another’s needs, interests, experience, and perspective, which will
lead to clearer understanding of ourselves and others, fuller description of the issues at hand, and possibly a newly negotiated boundary of the
community to which we belong.4
As you can see, footnotes are used to help clarify a point or to reference your work so not only do you avoid plagiarism, you allow those who read
your work to look further at the research you have highlighted. As a rule, all references in your footnotes should also be included in the
bibliography, see this guide for exceptions.
1
Plagiarism is the practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as your own.
2 SBL stands for the Society of Biblical Literature and its publication manual is the standard for the writing and referencing style in Religious Studies faculties in many universities and
colleges across the world.
3
Joan Smith, “Helping Everybody to Belong,” Journal of the Masses 6 (2013): 34-36.
4
Eric Law, Inclusion: Making Room for Grace (St Louis, MO: Chalice Press, 2000), 67.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 18NOTE THAT THE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS ON A NEW PAGE
EXAMPLE OF A BIBLIOGRAPHY
Booker, Mike, and Mark Ireland. Evangelism - Which Way Now? An Evaluation of Alpha, Emmaus, Cell Church and Other Contemporary Strategies for Evangelism.
London: Church House, 2003.
Brueggemann, Walter. Biblical Perspectives on Evangelism: Living in a Three-Storied Universe. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1993.
Chapman, John. Know and Tell the Gospel. Rev. ed. Sydney: Hodder and Stoughton, 1984.
-----. Setting Hearts on Fire. Kingsford, NSW: Matthias Media, 1999.
Chester, Tim. Good News to the Poor: Sharing the Gospel Through Social Involvement. Leicester, UK: IVP, 2004.
Hall, Wendy C., and Steve B. Smith, eds. Church Growth in Europe. London: Pilgrim Press, 2007.
Hybels, Bill. Just Walk across the Room: Simple Steps Pointing People to Faith. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 2006.
Hybels, Bill, and Mark Mittelberg. Becoming a Contagious Christian. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1994.
Kaufman, Stephen. The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic. AS 19. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1974. http://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/
as19.pdf.
Killebrew, Ann E., and Margaret Steiner, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant: c. 8000-332 BCE. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. doi:
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212972.001.0001.
Law, Eric. Inclusion: Making Room for Grace. St Louis, MO: Chalice Press, 2000.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 19Marsh, Harold. “A Very Short History of Judaism.” Pages 34-36 in Potted World Religions. Edited by Sue Happy. Adelaide: Optimistic Books, 2014.
Scott, Bernard B., Margaret Dean, Kristen Sparks, and Frances LaZar. Reading New Testament Greek. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993.
Smith, Joan. “Helping Everybody to Belong.” Journal of the Masses 6 (2013): 34-36.
Sillick, Tamra. “Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem Mediate Between Perceived Early Parental Love and Adult Happiness.” E-Journal of Applied Psychology 2 (2006):
38-48. http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap.
The Macquarie Dictionary. 6th ed. Sydney: Macquarie Dictionary Publishers, 2013.
REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 20APPENDIX 1 – ABBREVIATIONS FOR BOOKS OF THE BIBLE OT - Old Testament Jer - Jeremiah John - John Gen - Genesis Lam - Lamentations Acts - Acts Exod - Exodus Ezek - Ezekiel Rom - Romans Lev - Leviticus Dan - Daniel 1-2 Cor - 1-2 Corinthians Num - Numbers Hos - Hosea Gal - Galatians Deut - Deuteronomy Joel - Joel Eph - Ephesians Josh - Joshua Amos - Amos Phil - Philippians Judg - Judges Obad - Obadiah Col - Colossians Ruth - Ruth Jonah - Jonah 1-2 Thess - 1-2 Thessalonians 1-2 Sam - 1-2 Samuel Mic - Micah 1-2 Tim - 1-2 Timothy 1-2 Kgs - 1-2 Kings Nah - Nahum Titus - Titus 1-2 Chr - 1-2 Chronicles Hab - Habakkuk Phlm - Philemon Ezra - Ezra Zeph - Zephaniah Heb - Hebrews Neh - Nehemiah Hag - Haggai Jas - James Esth - Esther Zech - Zechariah 1-2 Pet - 1-2 Peter Job - Job Mal - Malachi 1-2-3 John - 1-2-3 John Ps/Pss - Psalms Jude - Jude Prov - Proverbs NT - New Testament Rev - Revelation Eccl - Ecclesiastes Matt - Matthew Song - Song of Solomon Mark - Mark Isa - Isaiah Luke - Luke REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 21
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