Proposed Changes on Fire Protection and Occupant Safety - Part 3 & 9 of the NBC, and Part 5 of the NFC
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Proposed Changes on Fire Protection and Occupant Safety Part 3 & 9 of the NBC, and Part 5 of the NFC
Outline
Sprinkler systems
Street Access
Protection of Windows
Interconnection of Smoke Alarms
Spatial Separation
Home Type Care Occupancy
Storage tanks
Fire Safety Plan
Fire alarm systems
Egress
2
Draft Stops at Interconnected Floor Space 3 PCF 539 - Draft Stops at interconnected floor space
Interconnected floor space
Defined term
Mezzanines and
Openings through Floor
Assemblies
Two major problems
Draft stops
4 PCF 539 - Draft Stops at interconnected floor space
What is the Inconsistency?
NFPA NBC 2015
- Required - Not a condition for
exemption
- Intent
5 PCF 539 - Draft Stops at interconnected floor space
Evolution of special protection
requirements and exemptions
NFPA 101 + Openings
New Subsection
exempt
1965 1975 1990 2020?
Openings exempt
alternative
+ NFPA 13
1970 1977 2015
6 PCF 539 - Draft Stops at interconnected floor space
NBC 1977 – Subsection 3.2.9.
Openings Through Floor Assemblies
Exemption for openings
Exemption for interconnected floor
space
Design requirements
7 PCF 539 - Draft Stops at interconnected floor space
Evolution of special protection
requirements and exemptions
NFPA 101 + Openings
New Subsection
Same as 1990
exempt
1965 1975 1990 2020?
Openings exempt
alternative
Only NFPA 13
+ NFPA 13
1970 1977 2015
8 PCF 539 - Draft Stops at interconnected floor space
Proposed Change for NBC 2020
3.2.5.12. Automatic Sprinkler Systems
- not required
3.2.8.2. Exceptions to Special Protection
- required
3.2.8.3. Sprinklers
- required
9 PCF 539 - Draft Stops at interconnected floor space
Sprinklers in row houses 10 PCF 1284 - Application of NFPA 13D to Row Houses
The standards and the NBC
NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler
Systems
- NFPA 13R Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler
Systems in Low-Rise Residential Occupancies
- NFPA 13D Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler
Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and
Manufactured Homes
- 2 dwelling units
- Townhouse added
11 PCF 1284 - Application of NFPA 13D to Row HousesDefinitions in NFPA 13D
Dwelling
- Any detached building, or any part of a townhouse
structure that is separated from the remainder of the
townhouse structure with fire resistance rated assemblies
in accordance with local building code, that contains no
more than two dwelling units intended to be used, rented,
leased, let, or hired out to be occupied or that are
occupied for habitation purposes.
Townhouse
- A one-family dwelling constructed in attached groups of
three or more units in which each unit extends from the
foundation to the roof and has open space on at least two
sides.
12Proposed change
Allow NFPA 13D for townhouses
- No stacking
- Min. 1 h fire separation
- Separate water supply
- Passive purge
- Limiting distance
Codified alternative solution
13 PCF 1284 - Application of NFPA 13D to Row HousesStreet Access 14 PCF 1210
Street Access 15 Image courtesy of Luis Fernando Ramos in Botota, Columbia
Street Access 16
Street Access 17
Protection of windows
Openable windows in
dwelling units
Part 9
Part 3
18 PCFs 1238 and 1327 - Protection of windowsCurrent requirements 19 PCFs 1238 and 1327 - Protection of windows
Are the current requirements
working?
Guards not always 300 to 400 children less
required than 10 years old → ER
Intent →Small Children 90 to 115 → admitted
and/or follow-up care
20 PCFs 1238 and 1327 - Protection of windowsProposed changes for NBC 2020
More windows protected
Tools or special knowledge
100 mm
21 PCFs 1238 and 1327 - Protection of windowsInterconnected smoke alarms 22 PCF 1324 – Interconnected smoke alarms
Recent changes for secondary suites
“Wired”
Interim change
- Secondary Suite
23 PCF 1324 – Interconnected smoke alarmsProposed change for NBC 2020
Prescriptive → Performance based
- “wired” → “interconnected”
24 PCF 1324 – Interconnected smoke alarmsSpatial separation
Fire spread
9.10.14. Buildings
9.10.15. Houses
25 PCF 1239 - Application of 9.10.15. to wired glass and glass blocksExposing building face 26 PCF 1239 - Application of 9.10.15. to wired glass and glass blocks
Glazed opening in exposing building
face
9.10.14.4. Buildings 9.10.15.4 Houses
- Unprotected opening - Glazed opening
- Double area permitted - ?
- Wired glass - Proposal for NBC 2020
- Glass block - Double area
- Sprinklered - Wired glass
- Glass block
- Sprinklered
27 PCF 1239 - Application of 9.10.15. to wired glass and glass blocksPublic way vs. public thoroughfare 28 PCFs 1289, 1308 & 1309 - Use and meaning of the terms “public way" and “public thoroughfare"
What does it all mean?
Public way
- means a sidewalk, street, highway, square or other open
space to which the public has access, as of right or by
invitation, expressed or implied.
Public thoroughfare
- Passage
- Travel
- Open
Street
29 PCFs 1289, 1308 & 1309 - Use and meaning of the terms “public way" and “public thoroughfare"Proposed terminology change
Street
Lane
Public
Thorou
‐ghfare
Public Way
30 PCFs 1289, 1308 & 1309 - Use and meaning of the terms “public way" and “public thoroughfare"What is affected? 31 PCFs 1289, 1308 & 1309 - Use and meaning of the terms “public way" and “public thoroughfare"
CODES CANADA Home-Type Care Facilities Direction of Proposed Changes Marc Fortin
Outline
What is the problem?
Approach to this task
Evaluation of performance
level
Direction on changes
33What is the problem?
• Care to people moved
- away from larger institutional facilities
- towards smaller residential-type
accommodations
- Within their community
• Providing affordable care in a
family-type environment
• Not based on
- The ambulatory capability of
occupants that may change over time
- Protect in place methods (sprinklers)
34Approach to the Task
Construction, Industry and Public
Standing Committees
PTPACC CCBFC • Fire Protection (SC-FP)
• Housing and Small Buildings
(SC-HSB)
Executive • Use and Egress (SC-UE)
Committee
SC-FP SC-HSB SC-UE
Joint Task Group
35Approach to the Task Mandate Review Code change request received Conduct a literature review Analyze Code and proposal performance level Recommend changes to the model Codes (if required) Report back to parent standing committees 36
Approach to the Task
Consideration was given to what other jurisdiction are
doing and the research
Principal goal is to get occupants out and not rely on
protection in place methods
Developed a series of requirements that allows a home-
type care facility to be built under strict conditions that
offer an affordable lodging in a safe environment
37Approach to the Task 38
Evaluation of performance level
Dr. S. Gwynne (NRC)
Objective of work:
To establish internal horizontal travel distance limits for
future single level designs that enable equivalent
evacuation performance to current Code compliant
designs.
39Evaluation of performance level
Produced by
S. Gwynne
40Evaluation of performance level, current Code compliance 41
Evaluation of performance level,
current Code compliance
Code compliant design (S. Gwynne)
Evacuation time in seconds
42Evaluation of performance level,
future design
Results aggregated across scenarios (S. Gwynne)
Maximum internal travel distance
(evacuation time: 275 sec.)
43Evaluation of performance level,
future design
Across scenarios:
- Staff ratio of 1:1
- Staff ratio of 1:2 (Sensitive)
- Staff ratios of 1:3 to 1:4
44Direction on Changes
New Group B, Division 4 occupancy (home-type care
occupancy)
- Home-type care occupancy means the occupancy or use
of a single housekeeping building where care is provided
to residents and may include the living space of the care
giver and his family.
Construction requirements under Part 9
45Direction on Changes
Option 1 (status quo)
- Sleeping accommodation up to 10 (ambulatory occupants)
- Can be considered Group C in Part 9
Option 2, protect in place methods (modified)
- Sleeping accommodation up to 10 (no specifics on mobility)
- Sprinklered - NFPA 13D
Option 3, enhance evacuation (new)
- Sleeping accommodation up to 4 (no specifics on mobility)
- Enhance evacuation and detection
46Direction on Changes Option 3A (Typical new construction) 47
No more than 4 people
receiving care
(no specifics on mobility)
48Two barrier‐free means of
egress
4930 m max. travel distance 50
Emergency lighting 51
Residential Fire and Life
Safety Warning System
5253
Barrier‐free as per Section 3.8. 54
Direction on changes Option 3B (Alteration to an existing home) 55
Direction on changes
No more than 4 people Residents on first floor
receiving care
(no specifics on mobility)
56 CODES CANADADirection on changes
30 m max.
travel distance
Barrier‐free
egress
57 CODES CANADADirection on changes Residential Fire and Life Emergency lighting Safety Warning System 58 CODES CANADA
Direction on changes
Smoke
barrier
59 CODES CANADADirection on changes 60 CODES CANADA
Direction on changes Barrier‐free as per Section 3.8. 61 CODES CANADA
Direction on changes
Fire safety plan required for all
buildings containing the new
occupancy
sufficient number of supervisory
staff (based on periodic evaluation
of resident capability)
62Key messages
A new approach to home-type care facilities is being
proposed
New proposal leads to a safe and affordable facilities
Facilities can be build under Part 9
63Clarification of Application of
CSA-B139
Intent of the PCF:
Storage Tank ≤ Storage Tank >
2500 L 2500 L
B139‐09 NFC 2020
64 PCF 1354Fire Safety Plan in an Assembly
Occupancy Exemption
NFC 2015:
• All assembly occupancies
Exempt in NFC 2020:
• Low risk assembly occupancies with
an occupant load of less than 30
65 PCF 781Fire Safety Plan in Day-Surgery Facilities 66 PCF 1243
Visible signals
10% of suites in hotel and
motels:
- Low frequency audible
signal
- Visible signals
67 PCFs 999, 1328Concealment of doors
Photo courtesy of http://monarchriskmanagement.com/wp‐
content/uploads/2014/02/Dementia_Exit_Doors.png
68 PCFs 1339, 1340Sanitary facilities 69 PCF 1349
Access to public review 2018 70
Access to public review 2018
https://www.nrc-
71 cnrc.gc.ca/eng/solutions/advisory/codes_centre/public_review/proposed_changes_index.htmlThank you Questions? 72
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