L'HYDROGÈNE VECTEUR DE LA TRANSITION ÉNERGÉTIQUE - Laurent ANTONI Responsable Programme Hydrogène et Piles à combustible - Citelec Grenoble
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
L’HYDROGÈNE VECTEUR DE LA TRANSITION ÉNERGÉTIQUE
Laurent ANTONI
Responsable Programme Hydrogène et Piles à combustible
laurent.antoni@cea.fr
Président de Hydrogen Europe Research
Citélec - 29 03 2018
SHARE OF EUROPEAN FINAL ENERGY
Main energies behind
EU Targets
non renewable parts
2020
Source : DG Energy
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 2
SHARE OF EUROPEAN FINAL ENERGY
Main alternatives for
EU Targets
renewable parts
2020
No global solution without Hydrogen
Source : DG Energy
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 3
HOW TO TRANSFER GREEN POWER ?
Main possible paths
Develop hydrogen based
heating and mobility
Transform renewable
electricity in renewable
gases and liquids (only
possible via H2)
Find new biogas /
bioliquids production
routes
Develop synthetic fuels recycling
CO2 (H2 also involved)
Source : DG Energy
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 4
ELECTRON AND HYDROGEN ONLY ZERO-EMISSION VECTORS
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 5
THERE ARE 7 ROLES FOR HYDROGEN IN THE ENERGY TRANSITION
Yes Placeholder
Enable the renewable energy system Decarbonize end uses
4
Yes No Placeholder
Decarbonize
transportation
Enable large-scale Distribute energy
across sectors and
Placeholder
renew ables integration
and power generation regions 5
Decarbonize industry
energy use
1 No 2 Yes Placeholder
6 Help decarbonize
building heating and
power
3 Act as a buffer
No to 7 Placeholder
increase system Serve as feedstock, using
resilience captured carbon
2050 hydrogen vision
(annual figures)
SOURCE: Hydrogen Council
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 6
Hydrogen technology ready for deployment
Global Energy demand supplied with hydrogen, Exajoule (EJ) Start of commercialization Mass market acceptability1
4 Forklifts
Trans- Mid-sized and large
portation cars
City buses
Vans
Coaches
Trucks
Small cars Synfuel for freight
Trams and railways
Minibuses ships and airplanes
Passenger ships
7
Industry Refining Production of methanol, olefins and BTX using H and
2 captured carbon2
feedstock Ammonia, methanol Steel3
Decarbonization of feedstock4
6
Buildingheating Blended hydgrogen heating
andpower Pure hydrogen heating
5
Industry Medium-/low industry heat
energy High-grade industry heat
1
Power In renewables-constrainedcountries
generation In othercountries
Today 2020 25 30 35 40 2045
1Mass market acceptability defined as sales >1% within segment in priority markets
2Market share refers to the amount of production that uses hydrogen and captured carbon to replace feedstock
3 DRI with green H2, iron reduction in blast furnaces and other low-carbon steel making processes using H2
4 Market share refers to the amount of feedstock that is produced from low-carbon sources
SOURCE: Hydrogen Council Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 7
CO2 avoidance potential 2050, Gigatons
CO2 AVOIDANCE
POTENTIAL IN 2050
1
Power gene- 0.4 Cars 1.7
ration, buffering
4
Transportation 3.2
Trucks 0.8
5
Industry energy 1.2
Buses 0.2
6
Building heating 0.6
and power
7 Other1 0.4
Industry feedstock 0.7
Total 6.0 Total 3.2
SOURCE: Hydrogen Council
Déclinaison de cette étude au cas de la France: Hyvolution 4 avril 2018 Parc Floral, Paris
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 8
1 Aviation, shipping, rail, material handling
Hydrogen vehicles: +7,000 by end 2017 / 15 models by 2025
2017 2018 2021 20xx 2025
’13 Hyundai IX35
’15 Renault
Hykangoo MARKET IN
’15 Toyota Mirai FAST
’16 Honda Clairty DAIMLER New HYUNDAI EXPANSION…
launched GLC IX35 SUV BMW launch
small series
AUDI / VW
model
NEW TOYOTA
Next HONDA
MIRAI & LEXUS
clarity
(est.)
A lot of OEMS are participating are seriously
considering to deploy FCV in the coming years.
Toyota Mirai is the most-sold fuel cell electric
vehicle (FCEV) in the world with more than 6000
units put on the road by the end of 2017. Almost
half of these vehicles are sold in the U.S.
Toyota is aiming to sell 30,000 FCEV per year
worldwide by 2020.
Further FCEVs are sold by Honda, Hyundai and
Symbio.
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 9
Zero emissions transports
Fuel cell based vehicles are of all sizes, and the bigger the better (hydrogen gives more
autonomy and flexibility than batteries)
MATERIAL INDIVIDUAL
HANDLING CARS
VEHICLES DRONES
BICYCLES BUSES
TRUCKS
TRAINS MARITIME
APPLICATIONS
AIRPLANES
APPLICATION
S
….
All that you see is ON THE MARKET today
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 10Hydrogen infrastructure: more than 300 at end of 2017
Europe AFID : more than 750 by 2025
Loges-en-Josas (28/03/2018)
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 11Zero emissions transports
Fuel cell based vehicles are of all sizes, and the bigger the better (hydrogen gives more autonomy than batteries)
MATERIAL INDIVIDUAL
HANDLING CARS
VEHICLES DRONES
BICYCLES BUSES
TRUCKS
TRAINS MARITIME
APPLICATIONS
AIRPLANES
APPLICATION
S
….
All that you see is ON THE MARKET todayCOMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INFRASTRUCTURES: HYDROGEN
FUELING AND ELECTRIC CHARGING OF VEHICLES IN GERMANY
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 13EUROPEAN REGION INITIATIVE
How can Hydrogen contribute to fulfill the Region/City expectations in terms of energy and mobility?
Prochaine réunion du Cluster France : 26 avril à Paris
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 14France Status at end of 2017
9 In operation (private)
9 In operation (public)
2 In construction
20 Planned
49 H2 mobility projects
263 FCEVs
in operation
at end 2017
4 In operation (private) for bikes
1 In construction for bikes Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 15FIRST HYDROGEN BUS ROUTE IN FRANCE IN PAU
Fuelled by hydrogen from
renewable sources, 8 buses
from the Bus Rapid Transit
service line (BHNS) will be
operating on the streets of Pau
within two years.
The buses will form an artery of
the new transportation network
designed by the City within its
urban redevelopment project
aimed at improving the
perception and use of public
spaces in a sustainable way.
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 16GROUP DE TRAVAIL SUR LES BUS
ELECTRIQUES A HYDROGENE
Fév. 2018: la CATP a exprimé un intérêt très fort pour les bus électriques à hydrogène
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 17‘ZERO EMISSION VALLEY’ PROJECT
IN AUVERGNE-RHÔNE-ALPES REGION
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region seeks to become a “spearhead” of hydrogen
mobility in Europe and aims, through the project, to boost awareness and use
of hydrogen mobility.
The plan (70 M€) is to deploy 20 hydrogen refilling stations, 15 electrolysers
and a fleet of 1,000 vehicles in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes by 2020.
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 18LA REGION AURA
C’EST 30% DES INDUSTRIELS DE L’H2 ET L’ÉNERGIE
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 19CONCLUSIONS
Pourquoi l’hydrogène maintenant ?
Technologies où les acteurs européens ont encore une chance de s’imposer
Division du prix des électrolyseurs, notamment d’un facteur 4 depuis 2010 pour la
technologie PEMFC
Intérêt inédit des principaux industriels de l’énergie et de la mobilité (création du
Hydrogen Council)
Très forte croissance des EnR, en particulier dans certains territoires, ce qui va
nécessiter à terme de développer des moyens de stockage et notamment du stockage
inter saisonnier
Avantages de l’hydrogène dans la mobilité par rapport à la batterie pour les usages
intensifs (besoin d’autonomie et d’un faible temps de recharge) ainsi que pour les
véhicules lourds (encombrement et énergie embarquée des batteries encore
pénalisants).
La combinaison de véhicules électriques à batterie ET à hydrogène permet de
concilier « zéro émission », « confort du conducteur » et « flexibilité des usages ».
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 20LIENS UTILES
• Hydrogen Council : hydrogen scaling-up: http://hydrogencouncil.com/wp-
content/uploads/2017/11/Hydrogen-scaling-up-Hydrogen-Council.pdf
• Comparative Analysis of Infrastructures : Hydrogen Fuelling and Electric Charging of
Vehicles: http://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842477
• Hydrogène : agissons aujourd’hui pour la mobilité de demain. Les propositions de Mobilité
Hydrogène France :
http://www.afhypac.org/documents/divers/Mobilite%20Hydrog%C3%A8ne%20France%20
-%20Analyse%20et%20propositions%20-%20Juillet%202017.pdf
• AFHYPAC : l’hydrogène accélère en 2017 :
http://www.afhypac.org/documents/divers/AFHYPAC_Hydrogene-accelere-2017_2017-12-
04_low.pdf
Citélec - 29 03 2018 | 21You can also read
