IGI SOMALIA FIT-SOM IGI Somalia - International Governance Institute
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IGI SOMALIA
FIT-SOM
IGI Somalia
IGI Head Quarter- Mogadishu
• Registered by law in 2013
• FIT- Som member include regional member
• Number of Fit-Som increasing year after year
IGI Somalia
IGI IN ACTIVITIES:
• Since the beginning IGI has implemented 1 year national action plan
• Three Regions
• Banadir The IGI Head Office
• Juba land Regions ( Lower juba, Muddle Juba and Gedo)
IGI Somalia
Target Audience
1. University Students
2. High School Student including Teacher and Parent associations
3. Religious Leaders including Traditional and Community Leaders
4. Civil Servant including regional and national government staff
5. Local and International NGOs staff
IGI Somalia
Expectations:
High level of student and parents participation of Anti
Corruption activities in the country in general
IGI Somalia
1. Number of FIT-som should increase the year 2017/2018
2. Creation of knowledge of Corruption ( people will clearly will understand the effects of
Corruption inside the community
3. Legislative member will participate and intrude the Parliament act against corruption
4. Involvement of local and traditional leader will increase the year 2017
IGI Somalia
Sectors most affected by
corruption in Somalia
IGI Somalia
Security forces IGI Somalia
Corruption pervades many sectors of the country,
including security forces, and immigration
services. Lack of resources and inability to pay
public officials including security forces provide
incentives for extortion and bribery. Security
forces tend to sell their arms and equipment as
substitute for their salaries.
IGI Somalia
Immigration, port and customs IGI Somalia
According to the local and international observers, much of the official corruption occurs at
the port of Mogadishu and the International Airport. The observers also mention the lack of
transparency in the revenue collected at the international port and airport, while a 2013 UN
Monitoring Group report names some members of government and parliament allegedly
engaged in a large scale visa fraud and smuggling of illegal migrants .
In spite of numerous efforts to clean these institutions and introduce managerial,
administrative and staff changes, both the port and the airport remain major source of
corrupt income.
IGI SomaliaPrivate sector IGI Somalia
Most of Somalia’s economy relies on the informal sector, based on livestock, remittances
and telecommunications. According to the International and local monitoring agencies
2013, the unregulated market system that came into being after the fall of Siyad Barre’s
regime, while stimulating entrepreneurial energy in the country,
is also partly responsible for fuelling corruption. For example, enterprises don’t pay taxes
regularly to the state but routinely pay non-statutory fees to senior FG officials to support
and approve foreign business deals or keep the government on their side.
IGI SomaliaAID IGI Somalia
The management of aid money in a country that largely relies on external sources of
funding is a major area of concern. According to the International Crisis Group 2013,
there is no reliable database covering all development funds.
The above mentioned report by the Public Financial Management Unit in the Office of
the Prime Minister revealed that a large majority of the central government's revenue
has never been recorded and it also uncovered large scale misappropriation of donor
funds.
This is confirmed by a 2012 World Bank report looking at the years 2009 and 2010,
which reveals that large sums of money received by the TFG have not been accounted
for, with an alleged discrepancy of about $130m in the accounts over the two years. The
report does not rule out corruption as a possible explanation for the missing
government revenue funds.
IGI SomaliaCentral Bank IGI Somalia
Recently Reported indicates that $ 530,000 has been stolen from the Central
Bank.
• No one has been charged so far
• Government Official accused one of top official
• UN Monitoring Group reported that on 80 percentage of the withdraws from
the Central Bank are made for private purposes
IGI SomaliaJudicial System
Businesses face a high corruption risk when dealing with the courts. The
institution is subject to political interference and suffers from high levels of
corruption, rendering it ineffective (HRR 2015; FitW 2015). Civil courts in Somalia
are practically non-functional; a combination of traditional and customary, sharia
and formal law guide the institution and in some local courts depend on dominant
local clans for establishing authority (BTI 2016). Court orders are not respected by
Somalian authorities (HRR 2015).
IGI SomaliaPolice and Security IGI Somalia
Corruption is rife within the security apparatus. Impunity is widespread, and authorities do
not maintain effective control over the police force (HRR 2015). In addition, the police are
ineffective (HRR 2015). To stay protected from crime, companies in Somalia are forced either
to cooperate with violent groups or to arm themselves against threats (BTI 2016).
The Somali National Army is the country's most important security institution. It suffers
rampant corruption: Army leaders have systematically inflated troop numbers to obtain
greater funding. Furthermore, family and business ties link officials responsible for provisions
and the companies contracted to provide the food rations (worth USD 8 million per year) (UN
Security Council, Oct. 2015). Cases of corruption and misappropriation within the army led
President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud to order the replacement of the chief of the armed forces
in 2015 (UN Security Council, Oct. 2015).
IGI SomaliaPublic Services
In 1991, Somalia’s state institutions witnessed a complete collapse, and efforts to rebuild the
country’s public administrations since have been modest due to ongoing armed conflict and
rampant corruption (BTI 2016). There are no legal or institutional frameworks regulating the
market in Somalia, thus market competition is absent and the economy is controlled by
patronage networks with close ties to the ruling elite (BTI 2016).
IGI SomaliaPublic Procurement
Public procurement in Somalia holds high corruption risks for business. The
majority of public tenders are treated as confidential (BTI 2016). "Secret
contracting," where officials close public procurement deals in complete absence
of transparency and oversight is a common practice (HRR 2015). Reportedly,
some regional entities have closed contracts with oil companies independently
from the government (BTI 2016).
IGI SomaliaLand Administration
Somali authorities are incapable of protecting property rights (BTI 2016). The
construction boom the country is currently witnessing has further fueled conflict as
title deeds are either unavailable or forged (BTI 2016). Forced evictions by both
private and public actors, coupled with the absence of land deeds and corruption, will
most likely further exacerbate land conflict in the future (BTI 2016). The country has
no functioning land registry (BTI 2016).
IGI SomaliaTax Administration
The tax administration is absent in Somalia, and most businesses operate in the
informal sector and thus go untaxed (BTI 2016). The government lacks the capacity
both to collect taxes and to control the country's territory, parts of which are under the
rule of rebel groups (BTI 2016). This has allowed rebel leaders and warlords to
establish their unique tax collection system from traders and businessmen operating in
areas under their control (BTI 2016).
IGI SomaliaCustoms Administration
Businesses are likely to face extensive corruption in the customs sector. Bribery is
common when clearing goods through the Mogadishu port (Hiiran Online, Jan.
2015). Generally, the diversion of revenue from ports is very common; for instance,
revenue from the Mogadishu port totaled more than USD 5.5 million per month
during 2013 (to put this in perspective, the Somali central bank in 2014 received an
average of USD 4.6 million per month) (HRR 2014).
IGI Somalia2016 Elections:
Despite the change in leadership in Mogadishu, the misappropriation of
public resources continues in line with past practices. The campaign
financing structure of the 2012 elections recycled funds derived from
external and internal sources to distort the political system. Notably, public
financial management efforts to redirect
IGI Somalia2016 Elections:
Some votes were bought with $5,000, some with $10,000, and some with
$20,000 or $30,000. But not all seats are equal. Some are influential seats
and have a lot of candidates competing for them," he said.
IGI Somalia2016 Elections:
Two seats costed their respective winners $1.3 million each. He said his
office recorded that one of the seats was won in Galmudug and the other
in Hirshabelle. Some delegates were threatened, some stayed away
because they were afraid, and others weren't allowed into election halls
while other people used their names to vote
IGI Somalia2016 Elections:
In Baidoa, a candidate was kept outside and threatened ,so that the one
candidate who got inside was elected unanimously . It was claimed the
other one gave up because he was being kept outside. There were two
such cases in Kismayo too.
IGI Somalia2016 Elections:
IGI Somalia2016 Elections:
In Baidoa, a candidate was kept outside and threatened ,so that the one
candidate who got inside was elected unanimously . It was claimed the
other one gave up because he was being kept outside. There were two
such cases in Kismayo too.
IGI Somalia2016 Elections:
In Baidoa, a candidate was kept outside and threatened ,so that the one
candidate who got inside was elected unanimously . It was claimed the
other one gave up because he was being kept outside. There were two
such cases in Kismayo too.
IGI SomaliaIGI in Picture 2013-2016
IGI SomaliaIGI Somalia
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