Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest

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Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
WORLD FOOTWEAR • ISSUE TWO 2021• VOLUME 35 No.2

                                                        Graphene-enhanced foam
                                                      Woven uppers breakthrough
                                                      Traceability back to the farm
                                                  Clarks sparks a billionaire’s interest
Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
WF CONTENTS ISSUE ONE 2021

 Head office
 36 Crosby Road North, Liverpool L22 4QQ, UK
 Telephone: +44 151-928 9288
 Email: wl@worldtrades.co.uk

 Editor                      Stephen Tierney
                                                                Contents
                                                  Front cover

                                                                                                  WORLD FOOTWEAR • ISSUE TWO 2021• VOLUME 35 No.2
 Deputy editor                 Clare Grainger
                                                        The Trailfly Ultra G 300 Max shoe from
 Consultant editor               David Buirski
                                                        Inov-8, one of a number of styles the
 Technical editor             Philip Lattaway           brand has developed using graphene-
 Assistant content developer Charlotte Robson           enhanced foam. Image: Inov-8

 Contributors                    Penny Leese
                                  Sergio Dulio
                                                  2.    News map
                                                        Highlights from around the world of
                                Stuart Cleaver
                                                        footwear. For news on footwear matters
 Design                            Tim Button           every day, go to footwearbiz.com, the
 Global sales manager                   Jo Tait         best news website in the business.
 Accounts                   Lisa Fabian-Smith

 Subscriptions manager            John Collins
                                                  4.    Footprints
                                                        People making footprints in the
 Publisher & CEO              Simon Yarwood
                                                        industry, including designers, industry
                                                        leaders and famous footwear lovers.
                                                                                                                                                                  Graphene-enhanced foam
                                                                                                                                                                Woven uppers breakthrough

                                                  6.    Industry & innovation                                                                                   Traceability back to the farm
                                                                                                                                                            Clarks sparks a billionaire’s interest

                                                        Details of innovations from suppliers
                                                        and service providers across the globe.
                                                                                                                                                    8.   Backtrack
                                                                                                                                                         Headlines from footwearbiz.com,
                                                                                                                                                         where you can find news every day
                                                   Materials, Manufacturing                                                                              from the global footwear industry.
                                                   & Innovation
                                                                                                                                                    10. A growing market
                                                                                                                                                         Demand for plant-based materials is
                                                  p10
                                                                                                                                                         growing. Developments such as
                                                                                                                                                         Susterra show that there is no need for
                                                                                                                                                         compromise on performance.

 Sales offices
 Global sales manager: Jo Tait                    14. From linear to circular
 World Trades Publishing
 Tel: (+44) 741 598 9103                                Covid-19 interrupted shoe
 E-mail: jo@worldtrades.co.uk                           manufacturing and also brought to light
                                                        the potential problem of over-
 India: S Sankaran
                                                        production and over-consumption.
 106 Vepery High Road, Periamet,
 Chennai 600 003                                        Circular solutions are required.
 Tel: 25386566 Fax: 91 44 24612685
 Email: indianleather@vsnl.net
                                                  18. Shoes and the virus
 Mexico: Gennaro de la Garza                            A public body in Valencia has
 Calle Schubert 520, Col. Leon Moderno,
                                                        commissioned Inescop to carry out
 Leon, GTO. C.P. 37480
 Tel: +52 477 712 1882                                  research on the best ways to stop
 Fax: +52 477 712 1882                                  footwear from spreading the
 Email: genarodelagarza@hotmail.com or                  covid-19 virus.
 delagarzagenaro@yahoo.com.mx

 Pakistan: Abdul Rab Siddiqi                      20. Woven-in options
 Office M – 2, DADA Garden,
 Jamaluddin Afghani Road,                               A technological breakthrough from
 Sharfabad, Karachi – 74800                             Texon offers ‘zonal’ functionality in a
 Tel: 021-34893095                                      single sheet of material for woven
 Mobile: 0333-2323166                                                                                                                                                                                p18
 Email: arsidiqi@yahoo.com
                                                        footwear uppers.

                                                                                                  WORLD FOOTWEAR | ISSUE TWO 2021
Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
WF CONTENTS ISSUE ONE 2021

22. Colour release                                                                             Advertiser’s Index
    Desma and BASF have developed a
    single process for adding colour and an                                                    Company Name                                   Page
    effective release agent to direct-
    moulded PU soles.
                                                                                               Desma                                             13

 Athletic & Outdoor                            28. Shoes that go the                           DuPont Susterra                                   BC
                                                   distance
                                                   A split-toed carbon plate is one of the     Footwearbiz                                  IBC, 9
24. The magic of graphene
                                                   features of a running shoe that Swedish
    There is talk everywhere of carbon             brand Craft claims is ideal for athletes
    plates in running shoes, but UK brand                                                      Milspeed                                          23
                                                   competing over extreme distances.
    Inov-8 has decided to focus instead on
    “wonder material” graphene.                                                                SilvaTeam                                         17

                                                                                               Texon                                             27

                                                                                       p28

                                                                                      p30
 Safety & Work Shoes

30. Worthy winners                                                                                        @WTPworldfootwear

    A review of the work and safety shoe
    styles that were among the winners in                                                                 @WTPworldfootwear
    the German Design Awards 2021.
                                                                                                          linkedin.com/showcase/
                                                                                                          wtpworldfootwear

 Safety & Work Shoes                                                                                      @WTPworldfootwear

32. Pride of place
                                                                                               World Trades Publishing 2021.
    Traceable hide supplier Spoor and Danish
                                                                                               Contributions: The editor welcomes news items,
    shoe brand Roccamore are celebrating a                                                     articles and photographs for consideration and
    successful tie-up offering footwear that                                                   possible publication but no responsibility can be
    they can trace back to the farm.                                                           accepted for the loss or non-publication of such
                                                                                               material. Opinions expressed by individual
                                                                                               contributors do not necessarily reflect the view of the
                                                                                               editor or publisher.
                                                                                               Whilst every effort is made to ensure accuracy in
                                               36. Clarks and the                              reproduction, no responsibility can be accepted for
                                                                                               the technical content or for claims made by
                                                   Chinese billionaire                         manufacturers for product performance that are
                                                   LionRock completed its acquisition of a     published. Publication in World Footwear cannot be
                                                   controlling stake in Clarks in March, but   construed as an endorsement for a claim or product
                                                                                               by the publisher.
                                                   not before one of the biggest names in
                                                                                               World Footwear is published 4 times per year by
                                                   clothing and footwear in China took a       World Trades Publishing, 36 Crosby Road North,
                                                   major stake in LionRock.                    Liverpool L22 4QQ, England. Price UK £80, ROW
                                                                                               £135 per year (four issues). Credit cards will be
                                                                                               charged in GB Pounds converted at the daily bank
                                               38. Katie Greenyer                              rate. Your credit card company may charge you for
                                                                                               this service. Graphic origination by WTP. Print by
                                                   gives back                                  Bishops Printers, Walton Road, Portsmouth,
                                                   The creative director of Pentland Brands    Hampshire PO6 1TR, England. All rights reserved.
                                                                                               ISSN 0894-3079.
                                                   supports a programme that seeks to
                                                                                               World Trades Publishing 2021.
                                                   convince young people from ordinary
                                                                                               All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
                                                   backgrounds that they, too, can work in
                                                                                               reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
                                                   shoe design.                                transmitted in any form or by any means mechanical,
                                                                                               electronic, recording, photocopying or otherwise,
                                      p38                                                      without the written permission of the publisher.
                                               40. Essential reading

ISSUE TWO 2021 | www.footwearbiz.com                                                                                                                     1
Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
WF NEWS KEEP UP-TO-DATE, EVERYDAY AT WWW.FOOTWEARBIZ.COM

                                                  POLAND Retail group JD Sports has entered into a conditional

             News                                 agreement to acquire a 60% share of Marketing Investment Group (MIG), a
                                                  retailer of sports footwear, apparel and accessories based in Poland.
                                                  Brothers Andrzej and Zbigniew Grzaka founded MIG in Krakow in 1989. It
                                                  has grown into a network of 410 stores and associated websites across
                                                  nine countries in central and eastern Europe.

SPAIN     The countries main footwear industry body FICE          GERMANY LVMH-backed private equity firm
has announced that it will run a programme called Global          L Catterton recently agreed a deal to purchase family-
Through Innovation for a second time. The programme               owned, German footwear group Birkenstock for about
seeks to help footwear brands expand their businesses in          €4 billion. Birkenstock’s new owners will pursue growth
global markets through embracing new technology,                  in China and India, as well as expand its e-commerce
including automation in production and e-commerce                 and direct-to-consumer business, the company said in
platforms. It ran the same project last year, helping brands      a statement.
including Panama Jack, Ria Menorca and Eli 1957 adopt
new tools. The new edition of the project started in April.
                                                                   ITALY Footwear and accessories brand Valentino has
                                                                   said it is confident of being able to deliver thousands of
FRANCE       Sporting goods retail and manufacturing group         pairs of shoes from its spring-summer 2021 collection on
Decathlon has announced a new agreement with the                   time and fulfil the orders it has received in spite of a fire at
National Basketball Association (NBA), under which it will         its production facility in Tuscany. A fire on April 2 at an
become an official NBA licensee in Africa, Asia, Europe, the       industrial estate at Levane, between Arezzo and Florence,
Middle East and Latin America. This is the first time              caused extensive damage to a number of factories,
Decathlon has entered into an agreement of this kind with          including the Valentino Shoes Lab.
any of the major North American sports leagues. The
partnership will feature a dedicated range of NBA team and
league-branded baselayers, accessories and footwear
(from selected brands).

                                                                   TANZANIA Entrepreneur and former politician Rostam
                                                                   Abdulrasul Aziz has opened what local media in Tanzania
                                                                   have called the biggest leather-processing facility in
SOUTH AFRICA A delegation
                                                                   Africa. The country has 34 million head of cattle and
from South Africa’s Department of
                                                                   21 million goats. Its current annual demand for shoes is
Trade and Industry has given an update
                                                                   38 million pairsr, but Tanzania produces only 1.2 million
on its “master plans” that are aimed at
                                                                   pairs per year on home soil.
facilitating industrial development and
job creation in various sectors of the
South African economy. One of the           ETHIOPIA Organisers of the XXXVI IULTCS Congress and the fifth World
main focus areas is leather footwear.       Leather Congress have announced that these will run as hybrid events. Both events
The value chain of the Retail, Clothing,    will take place in Addis Ababa from November 1-5 this year. Africa Leather and
Textiles, and Leather Footwear Master       Leather Products Institute (ALLPI), in conjunction with the government of Ethiopia,
Plan is now estimated at R74 billion        said that running them as hybrid events would offer participants “the choice of
(£3.6 billion), and the plan is projected   how they prefer to attend”. With the backdrop of mounting covid-19 pandemic-
to create 212,000 jobs, 120,000 of          related restrictions, the organisers said the hybrid mode will allow those who are
which will come from the retail sector.     unable to attend in person to be able to participate from anywhere in the world.

2                                                                                      WORLD FOOTWEAR | ISSUE TWO 2021
Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
WF NEWS KEEP UP-TO-DATE, EVERYDAY AT WWW.FOOTWEARBIZ.COM

                                           JAPAN As a follow-up to its                  US Sports group adidas has confirmed
                                           summer 2020 Camping Supply                   its decision to sell the Reebok brand and
                                           collection, Converse Japan has now           has begun a formal process to divest
                                           released three footwear designs,             itself of the brand. Adidas acquired
CHINA Leather and Hide Council of          accompanied by a wallet, sacoche and         Reebok in 2006. It said it had carried out
America (LHCA) has announced the           cinch bag by Gregory Mountain                an assessment of strategic alternatives
winners for China of its 2021 student      Products. The QAK CP (an updated             for Reebok as part of its development of
design competition. LHCA organised the     version of Converse’s QUAKE outdoor          a wider five-year strategy. Chief
competition in partnership with the        shoe, first released in 1992) is available   executive, Kasper Rorsted, said: “We
China Leather Industry Association.        in two colourways, dark navy and dark        have come to the conclusion that
More than 400 students at seven            beige, along with the RSS CP FR shoe         Reebok and adidas will be better able to
participating universities in different    (a new take on the cross-training            realise their growth potential
parts of the country took part in the      RESISTOR shoe from 1995) in silver.          independently of each other.” He said the
competition. Gold winners in each of       Both styles feature outdoor                  group would work in the coming months
the competition’s three categories were:   specifications.                              “to ensure a successful future for the
Zhen Wang, Beijing Institute of Fashion                                                 Reebok brand and the team behind it”.
Technology, for footwear; Yuying Gan,
Tsinghua University, for garments; and
Shanshan Yang, Beijing Institute of
Fashion Technology, for accessories.

                                                                                        BRAZIL Brazil’s national standards
                                                                                        body ABNT is discussing possible
                                                                                        changes to one of the standards it has
PAKISTAN Leather industry exports          HONG KONG          Apparel and               in place for shoe comfort. ABNT has set
from Pakistan brought in $567.4 million    footwear group VF Corporation                up a committee to work on standards
in the first eight months of the current   has announced that it will move              relating to footwear and at an online
financial year, July 2020 to February      the centre of its brand operations           March meeting it discussed possible
2021. This represents a fall of 4.2%       in Asia from Hong Kong to Shanghai.          changes to standard 14836, which
compared to the figure for the same        The group said it already employs            governs plantar pressure distribution.
months in the previous financial year.     around 900 office and retail associates
Figures for footwear show exports over     in Shanghai. Its Asia product supply
the eight-month period of 11.5 million     hub will also move away from Hong
pairs, bringing in revenues of             Kong, relocating to Singapore. It will
$88 million. This indicates an increase    also set up a shared service centre for
in volume of 11.7%, but a fall in value
                                                                                        SOUTH KOREA Farfetch-owned,
                                           the region in Kuala Lumpur. VF said the
                                                                                        New York-based sneaker and
of 6.2%.                                   moves will begin in April and continue
                                                                                        streetwear marketplace Stadium Goods
                                           over the next 12 to 18 months.
                                                                                        has launched in South Korea, the
                                                                                        company’s first venture outside the US.
INDONESIA Business information provider IHS Markit has registered a reading             Opening as a store-within-a-store
of 52.2 on its purchasing managers’ index (PMI) for Indonesia for January, up from      concept inside Fred Segal in the Asian
51.3 in December. The organisation said this reading was among the best it has          country’s upmarket Galleria department
recorded for Indonesia in the last decade. It said confidence in the Indonesian         store, which will hold exclusive
economy at the start of 2021 was at its highest in four years. The government has       domestic rights to the sale of Stadium
said it expects the manufacturing sector in Indonesia to grow by 4% this year.          Goods merchandise within Korea.

ISSUE TWO 2021 | www.footwearbiz.com                                                                                            3
Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
WF FOOTPRINTS HAPPENINGS, PEOPLE AND PLACES

                Footprints
JOBS REBOUND IN
BRAZIL’S FOOTWEAR
SECTOR
Brazil’s    footwear    industry    had    a
combined workforce of 265,900 people
at the end of February. Industry body
Abicalçados said this represented a fall
of 6.4% compared to the same period a
year ago, but it said the total was up by
18,600 since the end of 2020.
    Executive      president,      Haroldo
Ferreira, said he thought the recovery of
employment in the early part of this year
was important. “It’s a sign of the
recovery the footwear industry began to
experience in the final months of last
year,” he said. “It’s most likely to be a
reaction to restocking activities in retail.”     SINGER BEBE REXHA TEAMS UP WITH PUMA
                                                  AND DEICHMANN
ITALY’S SHOE PRODUCTION                           Retail group Deichmann has signed up with Puma and singer Bebe Rexha
FELL BY 25% IN 2020                               to launch a new capsule collection comprising two styles of sneakers and
Turnover and production in the Italian            three bags.
footwear industry fell approximately a                It has called it the Power Collection and will market it using the slogan
quarter in 2020 as the effects of the             #WhateverSuitsYou.
covid      pandemic    and      subsequent            It said the collection was characterised by a “timeless simplicity, clear lines
lockdowns took hold, according to                 and rose pink colour”. The two sneaker models will be available in a simple
industry association Assocalzaturifici.           white design with a rose pink stripe and gold Puma logo.
    The latest figures show production
fell to 130.5 million pairs during the
year, and turnover to €10.7 billion.            CAMPER SAILING BOOT                              Guimarães, who spent 25 years in
There was also a significant decrease in        BECOMES OFFICIAL                                 various roles at the organisation,
exports, in terms of both value (-14.7%)        FOOTWEAR FOR SAILGP                              contributing consistently to the growth
and volume (-17.4%). Assocalzaturifici’s        A boot that Camper designed with                 and development of the footwear
chairman, Siro Badon, said there had            Spain’s F50 sailing team will be the             components      industry   both    in   the
been “severe economic consequences”.            official   footwear      of    the    SailGP     domestic market and overseas.
                                                international sailing competition when it          Specifically, she insisted that an
SALES APPOINTMENT                               resumes in Bermuda at the end of April.          increase of fashion and design elements
AT TEXON                                          Spanish yachtsmen Florian Trittel              would be a way to help Brazilian shoe
Footwear components developer Texon             and Diego Botín, who worked on the               companies differentiate themselves in
has appointed Bryan Whitfield as its            design     with    Camper,      tried     out    the global market. She also worked
new group sales director. He has                prototypes of the boot during their              hard to convince shoe companies to
extensive experience at performance             preparations for the resumption of the           focus on innovation and to have
materials     manufacturers,     including      competition. They said the technical             sustainability as an integral part of their
Avery Dennison, Velcro and Bemis.               design offered a high level of stability         footwear manufacturing approach. Ms
    Texon has said Mr Whitfield will build      and protection from injury.                      Guimarães was also one of the driving
a long-term sales strategy to drive                                                              forces behind the Inspiramais exhibition
double-digit growth and strengthen its          ASSINTECAL EXECUTIVE                             in São Paulo.
status as a partner for brands looking          DIRECTOR TO LEAVE AFTER                            Assintecal director Silvana Dilly will
for innovative, versatile, sustainable          25 YEARS                                         take up the running of the organisation.
performance materials.                          The    executive    director    of   Brazil’s
    Bryan Whitfield will be based in            footwear component manufacturers’                LEATHER NATURALLY
Dallas, Texas. He succeeds Matt                 association, Assintecal, Maria Biason            BIDS FAREWELL TO
Smith in the role. Mr Smith has left            Guimarães, has decided to leave the              RODRIGO HENRIQUEZ
Texon      after   almost   a   decade    of    role for personal reasons.                       Campaign group Leather Naturally has
successful service.                               Assintecal      paid   tribute     to   Ms     announced that Rodrigo Henriquez

4                                                                                               WORLD FOOTWEAR | ISSUE TWO 2021
Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
will leave his role on its management          report to Steve Rendle, chairman of                  MANAGEMENT TEAM NOW
board in mid-2021. Mr Henriquez is the         Timberland’s parent group, VF Corp.                  COMPLETE AT RHENOFLEX
communications manager for leather               Before serving as CEO of NIC+ZOE,                  Shoe     component         manufacturer
chemicals manufacturer Lanxess. He             Ms Mulder was a partner at global                    Rhenoflex began the year with three
has served on the Leather Naturally            management consulting firm McKinsey                  senior appointments.
management board for four years but,           & Company where she was a leader in                    Stefan Walther has taken over as
with TFL’s acquisition of the Lanxess          the global retail and consumer goods                 the company’s chief sales officer for
leather      chemicals        business   now   practice.                                            Asia Pacific, based in Dongguan.
confirmed, has decided to stand down.                                                                 In parallel, outdoor footwear sales
     Leather Naturally said it was grateful    LOUBOUTIN’S FIRST CHINA                              and     marketing      executive,       Tres
for Mr Henriquez’s “professional and           AMBASSADOR                                           Riordan,    has   become        sales   and
energetic input” and that it would now         Chinese singer and actor Karry Wang                  marketing director for North America,
begin its search for a replacement.            (also known as Wang Junkai) has been                 based in California.
                                               named Christian Louboutin’s first China                Working at the company’s head-
JIMMY CHOO EXPLAINS NEW                        ambassador.                                          quarters in Ludwigshafen, Peter Seng
LONDON ACADEMY IDEA                              Mr Wang has often been dressed in                  is the new head of global sourcing.
Footwear designer Jimmy Choo has               the   Parisian     brand’s          products   for     Chief executive, Frank Böttcher,
explained his reasons for opening a            significant moments in his career,                   said these appointments meant the
new design academy in London in                including on the cover of several                    management team at Rhenoflex was
September.                                     magazines,       his        first   solo   concert   now complete.
     Speaking to BBC Radio, Mr Choo            performance and at major awards
said he had no regrets about selling his       ceremonies.                                          PENTLAND PROMOTES FOR
50% share of the Jimmy Choo brand in             Commenting on the appointment,                     FIRST POSITIVE-BUSINESS
2001, only five years after setting it up      brand founder and designer Christian                 Sportswear group Pentland brand has
with business partner, Tamara Mellon.          Louboutin said: “Being fun, curious,                 hired   Sara   Brennan      as    ‘positive
He said education and passing on his           ambitious and committed to social                    business’ director, a new role that
skills and knowledge were now his              responsibilities, Karry with his fresh               reflects a focus on “people and planet”.
main aims.                                     energy undoubtedly personifies what I’d                Pentland Brands Chirag Patel said:
     He confirmed that part of the course      like Christian Louboutin to be for the               “Today, more than ever, it’s essential
at     the   new        JCA-London   Fashion   upcoming years.”                                     that we remain focused on our goal of
Academy will be the business side,                                                                  being a positive business as it relates to
something he said he had “learned the          FORMER NIKE EXEC NAMED                               people and our planet.”
hard way”. He added: “Designers know           VP AT SOREL
how to design, but they also have to           Clothing and footwear group Columbia                 CHRISTIE’S AUCTIONS
learn about accounts, how to talk to the       Sportswear as hired Craig Zanon from                 JEANMAIRE FOOTWEAR
media and which markets to sell into.”         Nike to take over as senior vice-                    Auction house Christie’s held an auction
     He said he was optimistic about           president of its brands Sorel, Mountain              earlier in the year of items including
economies recovering after covid-19.           Hardwear and prAna when Doug                         footwear from the wardrobe of famed
“We’ve seen things like this before,” he       Morse retires this summer.                           French ballet dancer, actress and singer
said, “for example at the time of SARS           Mr Zanon has spent more than 20                    Renée    Marcelle      “Zizi”   Jeanmaire
[2002-2004]. I think that by June or July      years at Nike, where he held positions               (1924-2020).
[this year] a lot of countries will be         including vice-president and general                    A lesser-known muse of French
opening their doors.”                          manager of global basketball, vice-                  designer Yves Saint Laurent (also
     And     in     the      meantime,    he   president for US footwear and general                known by his initials, YSL), standout
recommended following the practice of          manager for the Americas.                            items from Ms Jeanmaire’s private
friends of his who, although they cannot                                                            collection included 1980s-era haute
go out and have to stay at home, dress         NOX TARGETS PADEL                                    couture leather trench coats by YSL,
up in the evening as though they were          Specialist sports brand Nox is to launch             monogrammed Hermès leather bags
going out with, naturally, glamorous           its first collection of footwear for players         and a couple of Goyard leather and
shoes as part of their outfits.                of padel, a racket-sport that has been               canvas suitcases dating from the middle
                                               popular in Spain and Latin America for               of the twentieth century.
TIMBERLAND APPOINTS                            years and is now growing in popularity                  Leather over-the-knee boots by
BRAND PRESIDENT AFTER                          across the world.                                    Roger Vivier also featured alongside
EXTENSIVE SEARCH                                 Barcelona-based Nox has long been a                leather heeled and flat shoes, pochette
Footwear          and     clothing   company   supplier of rackets and clothing for the             bags and belts by YSL, among other
Timberland has chosen the former CEO           game but has now launched into                       pieces of luxury (now vintage) clothing
of clothing brand NIC+ZOE as its brand         footwear    too.       It     has    studied   the   and accessories.
president.                                     movements of padel players’ feet during                 Ms Jeanmaire is said to have led the
     Susie Mulder’s responsibilities will      matches and worked with a specialist                 applause following Mr Saint Laurent’s
include product diversification across         sports footwear consultant, Marta                    first fashion show under his own name,
footwear and apparel and she will              Rueda, to design prototype shoes.                    according to Vogue.

ISSUE TWO 2021 | www.footwearbiz.com                                                                                                          5
Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
WF INDUSTRY AND INNOVATION

              Industry&Innovation
SHOE FROM ASICS WILL
BENEFIT CADENCE AND
STRIDE RUNNERS
Japanese sports brand Asics launched
two new running shoes at the end of
March, Metaspeed Sky and Metaspeed
Edge, each designed with “a distinct
running style in mind”, it said.
    Researchers at the brand’s own
Institute of Sport Science (ISS) analysed
the high-performance running shoe
market and concluded that most of the
products available to athletes favoured
one type of runner only. Stride runners,
those with a long, loping gait, who
increase their speed by extending their
stride length, are those who benefit
from this.                                     HAT-TRICK OF INNOVATIONS IN NEW ADIDAS
    Asics’s research showed that these         FOOTBALL BOOT
shoes fail to give the same level of
                                               Adidas has launched a new version of its Copa football boot, incorporating a
support to elite athletes who prefer a
                                               range of technological innovations. Analysis work that went into the design of the
second running style, cadence. Cadence
                                               new boot, the Copa Sense, focused on mapping a variety of different sole shapes
runners take smaller steps, hovering
                                               so that the team at adidas could form a fuller understanding of the parts of the
over the ground with minimal up and
                                               foot that connect most frequently with the ball.
down motion. These runners increase
                                                 This led to the creation of Sensepods, an innovation designed to eliminate
their speed both by extending stride
                                               “negative space” around the ankle and the Achilles. It involves placing foam
length and by increasing the number of
                                               elements on the inside of the heel of the boot, helping to create what adidas calls
steps they take per minute.
                                               “a seamless connection between boot and foot”.
    In tests, sports scientists at its ISS
                                                 Copa Sense boots also have Touchpods, placed on the medial and the lateral
found that athletes performed better
                                               sides of the boot. These are designed to absorb energy from the ball at the points
when running in shoes optimised for
                                               where it most frequently connects to the boot.
their specific running style. From this,
                                                 A third innovation is Softstuds, were adidas has injected softer material into
the company went on to create the
                                               two medial forefoot studs so that they will bend upon impact with the ball.
Metaspeed Sky for stride runners and
the Metaspeed Edge for those with a
cadence style.                               plastics, replacing up to 20% of fossil-     suitable for use in footwear. The material
    The first of these allows runners to     based raw materials, and markets it          derives from mycelium, the body of
conserve       more      energy     while    under the name Cardyon.                      vegetation from which mushrooms
maintaining their pace at the later            Plama-pur’s     Eco     Foams      add     grow. When the fungus grows, CTCR
stages of a race. The second style will      cushioning to running, trekking and ski      explains, it endows the mycelium with
allow runners to control cadence more        boots. Its customers laminate the cut        antibacterial properties.
easily, the brand claims, and experience     foam    pieces    onto     self-adhesive       “This is the basis for the new
“a fast underfoot feel”. The components      materials and punch them out into            biomaterial,” the Arnedo-based body
of both types of shoe include midsole        various shapes. Covestro claims the          said. “It is suitable for use in footwear
foam and a carbon plate.                     foams have better elasticity and a finer     components,       which      come      into
                                             cell structure than those made from          continuous      contact     with     micro-
COVESTRO’S ‘EXHAUST GAS’                     100% fossil-based raw materials.             organisms through the atmosphere
CO2 ADDS ELASTICITY TO                                                                    and through wearer’s skin.” Tests at
FOOTWEAR                                     TESTS HIGHLIGHT POTENTIAL                    CTCR     have    confirmed     the     new
Polymer manufacturer Covestro has            FOR MUSHROOM WASTE                           biomaterial’s antibacterial properties,
teamed up with Slovenian company             CTCR, the specialist footwear technology     measured against ISO 20645 and other
Plama-pur      for    shoe   components      centre for manufacturers in La Rioja in      standards.
containing CO2 in a thermoplastic            northern Spain, has reported significant       La Rioja is a small region, but is
polyurethane film. Covestro converts         progress in a project to develop a new       Spain’s largest producer of mushrooms,
exhaust gas CO2 into a precursor for         antibacterial and anti-fungal biomaterial    according to CTCR, with 55% of the

6                                                                                        WORLD FOOTWEAR | ISSUE TWO 2021
Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
WF INDUSTRY AND INNOVATION

national    output       and     production       separate pieces required to make a                  Rob      Falken,      vice-president         of
reaching more than 70,000 tonnes per              shoe into a single mould and applying             innovation at OrthoLite, said: “Our
year. Mushrooms are the region’s                  a polymer injection to bond them all              advanced aerogel traps micro-pockets
second-most     important        agricultural     simultaneously.                                   of air without the need for loft, and it
product, after wine.                                Another aspect of EcoChallenge will be          won’t lose its effectiveness when
  The footwear research body has                  its use of cuttings and other waste from          compressed under foot. The nano-
pointed out that this level of mushroom           shoe manufacturing to create energy. In           porous     inside     of     a    multi-porous
production results in around 40,000               total,    the     companies    and    industry    structure creates a thermal barrier
tonnes per year of mycelium that has to           organisations behind the plan have said           which blocks both cold and heat.”
be treated as waste imposing an annual            they hope to be able to make 24 million
cost of around €200,000.                          pairs of EcoChallenge shoes every year           NEW TOE-LASTER MACHINE
                                                  and create up to 1,000 new jobs.                 FROM CERIM
PRIMEASIA COMPLETES                                                                                Footwear          machinery       manufacturer
LIFECYCLE ASSESSMENT OF                           RAW MATERIAL PRICES ARE                          Cerim has launched a new toe-laster
ITS LEATHER                                       ON THE RISE                                      machine, model X78.
Tanning      group       PrimeAsia         has    A textile industry body in France, UIT,             It has a set of nine, hydraulic,
announced the completion of a 12-                 has      issued    a   statement     to   warn   reinforced pincers with thermo-cement
month exercise to carry out a lifecycle           customers that the prices of raw                 injection, making it suitable for use
assessment     (LCA)      of    its     leather   materials and freight are “soaring”.             specifically in the construction of shoes
production. It said it had concentrated             Specifically, UIT said in mid-April that       and boots with hard and heavy leather
on using the “high-quality primary                the price of polyester was between 50%           uppers      and      safety       toecaps,     the
data” that came out of a detailed                 and 80% higher than a year ago and the           Vigevano-based company said at the
analysis of all elements that contribute          price of recycled polyester fibre 60%            time of the launch.
to the environmental impact of its                higher. Cotton was 35% more expensive               Also part of the new model X78 are
production processes.                             than five months before, while organic           enhanced cylinders in the pincer-closing
  This evaluation covered 266 process             cotton was double the price it was a             system and a new heel-rest design.
phases, collecting 3,000 data points from         year earlier. Linen rose in price by 25%
operations in five different countries.           between September 2020 and April                 REI TO LAUNCH ITS OWN
  Chief executive, Jon Clark, said                2021, while wool was 10% higher.                 FOOTWEAR RANGE
discussions about the sustainability of                                                            Specialist outdoor product manufacturer
different materials are likely to become          CLARIANT TO SET UP                                and     retail     co-operative         REI   has
more and more important in the coming             ADDITIVES R&D CENTRE                              announced the launch of its first ever
years. He added, though, that many of             Chemicals group Clariant is to open a             company-made footwear in April. There
these discussions seemed to him to be             dedicated research and development                will be two styles, Traverse and Flash.
based on assumptions or on “generic               centre for additives at its campus in               Traverse is a backpacking boot that
and outdated data”.                               Shanghai.                                         will also work well on day hikes. Flash
  He explained that PrimeAsia had                   It said its aim was to bring faster lead-       is more suitable to light hikes and trail-
decided to carry out a detailed LCA               times and more speed in the development           running. REI said the launch of its own
exercise, collecting precise primary data         of fibres, adhesives, coatings, inks and          footwear products had been a two-
“to be able to manage our efficiencies in         other products. It will also offer customers      year project.
a more precise way”.                              opportunities for joint development and
                                                  application testing.                             NEW TOOLS MARK MAIN
SPANISH PROJECT WILL                                Head of Clariant’s additives business,         GROUP RESPONSE
AIM TO MAKE 24 MILLION                            François Bleger, said that demand for               Footwear technology provider Main
PAIRS PER YEAR                                    high-end        additives     was    growing     Group has announced a series of
Bonding    technology      developed        by    strongly in China. He said: “As local            technology         solutions      that    it   has
Elche-based Simplicity Works will be              manufacturers              develop        more   developed in response to “weaknesses
one of the main points of focus of a new          sophisticated processes, technologies            along the production chain” that it
five-year project that the Spanish                and products to align with market                believes      the     international        health
footwear industry is about to embark on.          needs and China’s environmental goals,           emergency has highlighted.
  The      initiative,         called      the    sustainable additives can be key to                 Its response includes a series of tools
EcoChallenge project, will have access            boosting        progress    effectively    and   to improve the efficiency and quality of
to funding from the European Union’s              efficiently.”                                    specific phases of the shoe production
Next Generation EU recovery plan. The                                                              process. High-precision carding with
project’s main aim is to win back                 ORTHOLITE USES AEROGEL                           automatic change for the processing of
footwear production from Asia.                    FOR INSULATING INSOLE                            all types of leather or synthetic materials
  It will include a new Factory Lab in            Insole provider OrthoLite has developed          is one example. Others are the tailor-
Elche that will use Simplicity Works’             a thermal technology that traps aerogel          made siliconising process for any
bonding technology to produce around              in an open-cell PU foam. The US                  mould, with automatic mould change
600,000 pairs of shoes per year. The              company said O-Therm will keep feet              and the interconnection of all the
technology works by placing all the               warmer in cold conditions.                       stations along the production line.

ISSUE TWO 2021 | www.footwearbiz.com                                                                                                               7
Graphene-enhanced foam Woven uppers breakthrough Traceability back to the farm Clarks sparks a billionaire's interest
WF BACKTRACK

               Backtrack
    World Footwear’s publishing cycle and limitations on space         comprehensive archives of news anywhere on the web for
    make it impossible for us to run more than a carefully             the global footwear industry.
    selected sample of news from across the industry.
    However, we publish hundreds more stories on                       We list below just a few of the headlines that have
    www.footwearbiz.com. The site is updated every day                 appeared on the site in recent weeks —
    with news from every continent and every part of the               www.footwearbiz.com allows you to read those you
    industry, making footwearbiz.com one of the most                   have missed.

14/04/2021                                    29/03/2021                                     16/03/2021
Tributes as respected shoe leather            Ford gifts leftover leather to social          Asics upcycles second-hand clothing
professional loses cancer battle              enterprises                                    into running shoes
Logistics centre will help Kering meet
global e-commerce demand                      26/03/2021                                     15/03/2021
                                              China’s full-year leather imports fell         India: leather-sector exports fall by
Under Armour commits to                                                                      one-third
                                              overall, but a mixed bag
renewable energy
                                              Sales of Eider’s Touring Walk soar
                                              130% in a week
                                                                                             12/03/2021
13/04/2021                                                                                   ATP Atelier awarded Positive Luxury’s
Cash available to help Japanese leather                                                      Butterfly Mark
companies recover from covid-19               25/03/2021
                                              Yue Yuen expects a year of ‘revitalisation’
                                                                                             11/03/2021
12/04/2021                                    Banana fibre adds flavour to H&M               Pensole course will help give designers
Nike tops brand value list again              footwear story                                 a leg up
                                                                                             Results for “year like no other”
09/04/2021                                    24/03/2021                                     from adidas
Rockport walks with purpose into its          Colour-changing shoes gaining ground
fiftieth year                                 Revenue growth for Li Ning, despite            10/03/2021
Vietnam’s footwear companies invest           2020 challenges                                Melody Ehsani joins Foot Locker as
in digital                                    Sergio Rossi debuts younger-skewing            first women’s creative director
                                              Sì Rossi line                                  Lockdown surprise for Casadei
07/04/2021                                                                                   New $307.1 million smart shoe manu-
Leather milestone for H&M                     23/03/2021                                     facturing base for Wenzhou’s Lucheng
Bangladesh tanners ask for                    Decline of just over 25% for Stella
                                                                                             Puma x Nemen capsule takes technical
tax concessions                               International
                                                                                             pointers from F1 gear
                                              Nike ‘as strong as ever’ as it reveals

06/04/2021                                    new targets                                    09/03/2021
                                                                                             Exor takes 24% stake in Louboutin
Gore adapts to pandemic with virtual
lab tours
                                              22/03/2021                                     Gallery Shoes still on course for April
                                              Stone Island and New Balance sign
                                              multiyear footwear deal                        08/03/2021
01/04/2021
Adidas chooses digital platform to                                                           LVMH highest valued company on
increase buy-back programmes
                                              19/03/2021                                     European stock market
                                              Athleisure cushions US shoe group
                                                                                             05/03/2021
31/03/2021                                    18/03/2021                                     Pre-owned luxury a real and deep-
New version of Reebok plant-based shoe        A more agile Caleres emerges from              rooted trend, Kering says
Balenciaga’s Track trainer now offered        covid-19                                       Marc Fisher sued for almost $1.5 million
as mule
Daphne International’s revenues
                                              17/03/2021                                     03/03/2021
                                              Gucci unveils $12 virtual trainers             Buyers issue joint statement on Myanmar
drop 83%
                                              Shoe companies embrace ecommerce:              Renewed optimism at Foot Locker
Tencel provides the ‘fluff’ for Ugg
                                              Micam Digital under way
                                                                                             Converse Japan supplies more
30/03/2021                                    Pentland partners charity providing            technical ‘camping’ footwear
Pushing up hide prices is self-inflicted      loans to small businesses                      Parley for the Oceans celebrates
harm, leather manufacturer says               Investment pays off for PrimeAsia              2020 milestones

8                                                                                           WORLD FOOTWEAR | ISSUE TWO 2021
Stay a step ahead

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MANUFACTURING & MATERIALS INNOVATION

Sustainable Susterra
E
           co-efficiency          has   been   planet,      reduce        dependence         on       The message is beginning to strike
           proposed as a key tool in           petroleum       and      seek          renewable,    home and the global demand for eco-
           promoting a transformation          sustainable sources for the materials we             efficient materials across industry as a
           from unsustainable develop-         use. One way to do this is by using                  whole is rising and the footwear
ment to one of sustainable development.        renewably sourced feedstocks that take               industry is undergoing a pivotal shift to
It is based on the concept of creating         CO2 out of the air and put it into bio-              reduce its environmental footprint.
more goods and services while using            based materials and recycle those                    There is an increasing realisation that
fewer resources and creating less waste        rather than recycle petrochemical based              we need to transform the way in which
and pollution. It can be said to measure       materials.                                           footwear is made and to increasingly
the ratio between the added value of             A report by the Ellen MacArthur                    use more sustainable materials from
what has been produced expressed as            Foundation        says          that      besides    natural resources. Dupont Tate & Lyle
GDP and the added environmental                decoupling virgin feedstock from finite              Bio Products (DTL) is at the forefront of
impacts of the product or service              resources, renewably sourced plastics                this movement.
involved as, for example, carbon dioxide       can, under certain conditions, decrease
(CO2) emissions from fossil fuels.             carbon       dioxide       emissions         and     RENEWABLY SOURCED
  We now realise the extent to which           potentially    act    as    a     carbon     sink    FEEDSTOCK
CO2 adversely affects the environment          throughout their life cycle. For plastics              The US Midwest produces enormous
in so many ways, not least of which is         sourced       directly      from         captured    quantities of corn (maize) of which
global warming and all the implications        greenhouse gases, such as methane                    99.7% is industrial field corn used for
this holds for the world and its people.       and carbon dioxide, this link is clear. For          animal feed and processing into a
Unfortunately, CO2 emissions from              bio-based      plastics,        this     happens     variety    of   other   products.    First
petrochemicals production continue to          indirectly as plants capture carbon                  generation carbohydrate crops, and field
grow substantially, despite all the efforts    dioxide from the atmosphere as they                  corn in particular, are currently the most
to recycle petrochemical materials. We         grow and this carbon is then harnessed               resource    efficient   and   renewable
therefore need to decarbonise the              in the polymer.                                      feedstock available. Field corn’s high

CO2 emissions are still growing.
CREDIT: SHUTTERSTOCK / NYC ROSS

10                                                                                                 WORLD FOOTWEAR | ISSUE TWO 2021
SUSTAINABLE SUSTERRA

carbohydrate      efficiency    leads     to
relatively low land use, it has high
performance potential and is scalable
using     existing      technology      and
infrastructure. In addition, it is capable
of usage in a wide variety of applications
and yields valuable co-products.
  Depending on location, natural fibre
crops such as cotton, flax, beech and
bamboo can be resource intensive due
to high water and/or energy use. Fossil
fuels such as crude oil are, while widely
used for a myriad of products, non-
renewable and have environmental and
public   health      impacts   from     their
extraction and usage. When taken
holistically, field corn is positioned very
favoroubly (field corn used to make
Susterra is covered under the Tate &
Lyle sustainable agriculture partnership        Field corn provides the raw feedstock for Susterra PDO.   CREDIT: SHUTTERSTOCK / FOTOKOSTIC

with Truterra Insights, an interactive
on-farm digital platform to help farmers          The company says that in addition to         include outsoles, insoles, synthetic
advance their stewardship goals and             using    a     renewably    sourced     raw    upper materials, waterproof breathable
return-on-investment in real time, acre-        material,      this   sustainable     manu-    membranes and adhesive films.
by-acre and help food companies                 facturing process on a ‘cradle-to-gate’
measure sustainability progress).               basis, produces 47% less greenhouse            GOING TO THE LIMIT
  DTL uses corn to produce Susterra, a          gas emissions and consumes 49% less              A company that has sought to go as
1,3-propanediol (Bio-PDO) which can be          non-renewable energy than equivalent           far as possible in the use of bio-based
used as a building-block for bio-based          petroleum-based diols. Compared to             materials is UK brand Vivobarefoot. In
polyurethane chemistry. The variety of          the typical petrochemical building block       its Primus Light Bio shoe introduced in
corn involved is known as yellow dent           found in polyurethane materials in             March 2019, Susterra based materials
and has a high starch content. After            footwear butanediol (BDO), the figures         feature prominently in the equation.
harvesting and drying, a wet milling            are 48% and 46% respectively on the            Analysis demonstrates how far the use
process is used to separate it into its four    same ‘cradle-to-gate’ basis. The result        of plant-based material can extend in
basic components: starch, germ, fibre and       is a building block for bio-based              an athleisure type shoe. The inclusion of
protein. The nutrient rich components are       polyurethane chemistry that allows any         Bloom EVA is also significant as this is
used for animal feed while glucose is           footwear material or component made            derived from toxic algae harvested from
derived from the remaining starch               from petroleum-based polyurethane to           lakes and used to produce a sustainable
content and is the raw material used for        be replaced by one that is partially bio-      natural additive to EVA (ethylene vinyl
making 1,3-propanediol.                         based.       Applications   for     footwear   acetate) to improve its performance

  PRIMUS LIGHT BIO COMPOSITION AND BIO CONTENT
  Upper                Composition                                                                        Plant based/recycled %
  Double ply mesh               25% Sorona, 75% Polyester                                                 9.25% Bio
  Single mesh                   100% RPET                                                                 100% RPET
  No sew                        65% Susterra, 35% Polyurethane                                            65% Bio
  Linings
  Lining                        40% RPET, 60% Polyester                                                   40% RPET
  Footbed                       60% RPET, 40% Polyester, 50% RPET, 50% Polyester                          60% RPET, 50% RPET
  Bottom unit
  Insole                        10% BLOOM, 90% EVA                                                        10% Bio
  Outsole                       45% Natural rubber, 5% BLOOM, 10% Synthetic rubber,                       50% Bio
                                40% additives (silica, accelerator)
  Sundries
  Lace                          50% RPET                                                                  50% RPET
  Other
  Other materials               EVA, Polyurethane, Polyester, PU; TPU

ISSUE TWO 2021 | www.footwearbiz.com                                                                                                          11
while at the same time helping to offset
an environmental problem. Although
such an extensive use of bio-based
materials is not possible with all types
of footwear, it does show the potential
as far as unstructured casual and
athleisure shoes are concerned.

ALL ABOUT PERFORMANCE
  Susterra is very much all about
performance and problem solving for
different parts of the shoe. Paired with
the right chemistry, DTL claims it can
perform as well as–or better than–
traditional   TPUs       based    on    those
performance requirements. In laboratory
tests, it has been evaluated against
traditional polyols as a polyester and
polyether thermoplastic polyurethane for
outsole applications with a bio-content          DTL’s manufacturing plant at Loudon, Tennessee.              CREDIT: DUPONT TATE & LYLE BIO PRODUCTS

of up to 75%. Compared to traditional
petrochemical based TPU, Susterra-
                                                 hydrolysis resistance, bonding strength               97% of the global agricultural area is
based TPUs can have better low-
                                                 and easy processability shown in its                used to grow food and feed or used for
temperature flexibility and performance,
                                                 other applications. Given the perform-              pasture. The area needed to grow
as well as better hydrolysis resistance.
                                                 ance enhancing nature of TPU hot-melt               biomass for material use accounts for
They also offer excellent slip resistance
                                                 films, DTL states that compared to                  approximately 2% and, within this share,
and come in a wide range of colours
                                                 traditional petrochemical-based films,              bio-materials only account for about
including fully transparent. Susterra-
                                                 those based on Susterra demonstrate                 0.02%. Using sugar, starch or oil for bio-
based   TPU     membranes        also   offer
                                                 higher bonding strengths at lower                   based chemicals, plastics or fuel still
enhanced       stretch     and     flexibility
                                                 temperatures,         better       hydrolysis       leaves all the plant-based proteins which
characteristics while maintaining high
                                                 resistance, easy processing excellent               are an important feedstock for the food
performance.
                                                 bonding strength as well as a high bio-             and animal feed industries.
  Combined with adipic acid (AA), it
                                                 based content of up to 70%.                           What     will    happen       to   footwear
exhibited excellent low temperature
                                                                                                     manufacture post covid-19 is still a matter
flexibility when compared to butanediol
(BDO)   combined         with    AA.    When
                                                 GOING FORWARD                                       of conjecture. Vivobarefoot has shown
                                                   Influential     pressure       group      EU      that there is enormous scope for the use of
combined with sebacic acid (Sb), a bio-
                                                 Bioplastics (EUBP) in a report on the               bio-materials in footwear and, as Susterra
based alternative to AA, it further
                                                 industrial use of agricultural feedstock            amply demonstrates, they are more than
improved low temperature flexibility.
                                                 states the discussion about the use of              capable of matching or exceeding the
Dupont says that wear trial participants
                                                 biomass for industrial purposes is often            performance of petro-chemical derived
were impressed by its performance,
                                                 linked to the question whether the                  materials. One thing is certain however
even in blizzard conditions. In snowy
                                                 conversion of potential food and feed to            and that is there will be some changes
conditions, hydrolysis performance is
                                                 materials is ethically justifiable. It also says    and, with an ever increasing realisation
important as well and the company says
                                                 that this emotional debate lacks empirical          that many of the world’s natural resources
that Susterra propanediol can be paired
                                                 research to support these claims with               are fast running out, we must turn to
with the right chemistry to again equal
                                                 actual facts. As it happens, enough food to         those that have a truly sustainable future
or even outperform traditional TPUs.
                                                 feed the world is being produced and,               and this is where bio-materials can play
                                                 unfortunately, wasted each year.                    an important part.
HOT MELT ADHESIVE FILMS
  Another area where Susterra is
increasingly found is in the production
                                                                                                              Vivobarefoot’s Primus Lite Bio shoe
of TPU-based hot melt adhesives and                                                                           has a high bio-material content.
laminating films also known as no-sew                                                                         CREDIT: VIVOBAREFOOT
films. Depending on the nature of the
substrate involved, these can then be
used as backers for uppers and vamps
or toe and heel reinforcements in the
form of toe puffs and counters which
cover a huge range of footwear types.
  TPU films using Susterra PDO offer
the same sort of tensile strength,

12                                                                                                  WORLD FOOTWEAR | ISSUE TWO 2021
Efficiency and
   quality are the keys
to success

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                                                                                              sold to the footwear industry worldwide make us the first choice for your
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D E S M A S C H U H M A S C H I N E N G M B H | D E S M A S T R A S S E 1 | 2 8 8 3 2 A C H I M | G E R M A N Y | T + 4 9 4 2 0 2 9 9 0 0 | I N F O @ D E S M A . D E | W W W. D E S M A . D E
MANUFACTURING & MATERIALS INNOVATION

                                                CO2 emissions are still growing.
                                                CREDIT: SHUTTERSTOCK / NYC ROSS

                                                                                                                                        CREDIT: CTCP

From linear to circular
MARIA JOSÉ FERREIRA, VERA PINTO, ISABEL GONÇALVES, ISABEL SANTOS – CTCP

F
         ootwear production worldwide       continents, there is more room for                   trends that could affect the profits of
         has increased by 21.2% since       consumption to grow.                                 businesses. A further growth in the use
         2010 at an average annual            Footwear          production               and     of online retailing in 2020 nevertheless
         growth rate of 2.2%. In 2019       consumption        have         both       grown     supported an increase in consumption
the industry slowed down, growing by        considerably over the last decades due               for some footwear segments.
only 0.6% over the previous year, but       to the demographic and economic
this was still enough to establish a new    dynamics      across      the     globe      and     LINEAR VERSUS CIRCULAR
production record of 24.3 billion pairs.    increased per capita sales in more                     The current economic model for
Footwear production continues to be         mature economies. The latter is closely              producing,        distributing    and      using
strongly concentrated in Asia where         related    to     the       ‘fast      fashion’      footwear operates in an almost linear
almost nine out of every 10 pairs of        phenomenon, with quicker turnaround                  manner. Large amounts of resources
shoes are manufactured.                     of new styles, increased number of                   are extracted to produce materials and
  Footwear     consumption     is   more    collections     offered    per      year    with     products that are often used for a short
evenly distributed. Asia’s consumption      attractive models and prices.                        period, after which they are mostly
accounts for more than half of all shoes      In 2020, footwear production and                   disposed of in landfill. This linear
in the world, Europe and North America      consumption slowed down mainly due                   economy          puts   high     pressure      on
represent 15% each, Africa and South        to the global pandemic. Additionally,                resources,        pollutes       the     natural
America 6% to 9% and Oceania 1%.            both the negative impacts of the                     environment and menaces ecosystems.
Nonetheless,    there   are   important     footwear        industry         and        ‘over      Up     until    now,     brands      and    the
geographical differences in consum-         consumption’ in general are becoming                 footwear industry in general have
ption patterns. Per capita footwear         more transparent and understood by                   mainly focused on reducing the impact
consumption is around 5.6 pairs in          environment      friendly       and    digitally     of the current linear system by selecting
North America, 4.4 pairs per person in      enabled consumers. This has             lead to      materials    with       less    environmental
Europe and Oceania, 2.6 in Asia and 1.6     increased risks to the reputations of                impact      or     using       more     efficient
pairs in Africa. Therefore, in the latter   companies and brands, and to regulatory              production, distribution and selling

14                                                                                              WORLD FOOTWEAR | ISSUE TWO 2021
FROM LINEAR TO CIRCULAR

techniques. The footwear of the future,               greenhouse gas emissions from the EU             Promoting long use, repair and/or re-
however, needs a vision more aligned                  by 2050. It advocates a rapid movement         use ensures all resources (material and
to the principles of a circular economy,              towards a circular economy based on            energy) put into a product during its
one that tackles the root cause of the                recycling, reuse, remanufacturing and          manufacture      are      preserved.      One
current economic model’s wasteful                     shared use. The proposal also aims to          singular example is given by Belcinto, a
nature    directly:       namely      the     short   establish a toxic-free environment,            Portuguese         bags        and        belts
periods of footwear utilisation and low               promote bio-economy and protect                manufacturer. Ana Maria Vasconcelos,
rates of recycling after use.                         biodiversity, and the health and well-         the company’s CEO, says that despite
  Ideally,    in     a    circular     economy,       being of citizens from environment-            being a vegetarian herself, leather is the
footwear and materials are kept at their              related risks and impacts.                     prime material used in the company’s
highest value during use and to then re-                Aligned with these policies and              products since it recycles a by-product
enter the economy after use, ‘never’                  technical orientations, the Portuguese         of the food industry and is very durable
ending up as waste. This could provide                Footwear Cluster Sustainability Action         and repairable. “Belcinto high-quality
the growing world population with                     Plan, launched in 2019, proposes a             products are for life,” she emphasises.
access to the footwear it needs while, at             holistic approach to growth. Maria José          To support the promotion of footwear
the same time, regenerating the earth’s               Ferreira,   Director    at     CTCP,    the    and    accessories’        durability      and
resources, reducing pollution and using               Portuguese Footwear Research and               longevity,   there     are     international
renewable resources and energy to                     Technological Centre with responsibility       standards and guidelines applicable to
contribute      to       overall     sustainable      for this area, says that the plan takes        materials, uppers, insoles, soles and
ecosystems and economies.                             into consideration people, the planet          other components. CTCP collaborates
  Realising          this,       transition      is   and     companies’      activities      and    with   companies          in   testing     and
fundamental and will not happen                       profitability. It also covers strategic        improving the quality and performance
spontaneously. It requires planning and               areas of intervention, including the           of materials and products supporting
collaborative efforts across the value                circular    economy.     The       following   commitment      and       transparency       in
chain involving both private and public               paragraphs suggest some essential              regard to durability and longevity.
sectors. While there are immediate                    steps in order to make the footwear
opportunities for some businesses,                    industry of the future circular.               FOOTWEAR FOR RECYCLING
namely       materials       and     composites                                                        Products and services are frequently
makers,      others       will     benefit    from    DURABILITY AND LONGEVITY                       designed and marketed in order to
research and innovation as is the case                  Increasing the number of times shoes         achieve a specific positioning, aesthetic
with recyclable or biomaterials.                      are worn is the most direct way to             appeal,      functionality,          customer
                                                      embed value and reduce resources               experience, brand image or unit cost.
CONTRIBUTING TO                                       needed, energy, waste and pollution.           Now, it is critical to add the objective of
THE FUTURE                                            Designing and producing footwear of            designing and marketing footwear ‘for
  The European Commission Green                       quality that lasts longer, ‘ages well’ and     recycling’ by including recycled and
Deal and related member states’ plans,                is easily maintained with, for example, a      recyclable materials and components as
such as the Portuguese Recovery and                   hydrating cream, can help shift the            far as possible, thus triggering the
Resilience Plan, can give a relevant pull             perception of products from being a            collection   and     recycling       of   post-
to the implementation of bio-economy                  disposable item to being a durable             consumer products. Increased recycling
and circular economy actions by the                   product. Shoes that, in addition to being      represents an opportunity for the
footwear industry. The European Green                 aesthetically pleasing and durable, fit        industry to recapture some of the value
Deal aims to respond to the escalating                well and are comfortable to wear, can          of the materials and resources lost
climate crisis by achieving net zero                  have extended life cycles.                     every year, and reduce their extraction

Lemon Jelly grinds down its old shoes
and incorporates them into Recycled
Lemons. CREDIT: LEMON JELLY

ISSUE TWO 2021 | www.footwearbiz.com                                                                                                             15
and the negative impacts associated
with their disposal.
  Several approaches may be followed
in designing footwear for recycling. One
approach is conceiving a product made
mainly of one type of material that
could, at the end of its useful life, be
collected, cleaned and recycled into
new shoes. An interesting example is
given by the company Lemon Jelly.
Through a recycling technology, Lemon
Jelly can transform old shoes by
grinding them down and incorporating
them into the production of new
Recycled Lemons. And because the
factory runs entirely on renewable
electrical energy, it claims to generate
new    shoes      with   90%        less   CO2
emissions.
  Another approach is ‘design for
disassembly’       whereby      a     product
contains     a    multitude    of    different
materials and components. Design for
disassembly addresses the selection of
these materials and sets their recycling
rate. In the materials choice phase, one
                                                 Soling producer Atalanta offers a vast range of soles in natural or recycled materials.
can choose less impacting materials,             CREDIT: ATALANTA
reduce the quantities of materials and
improve process techniques. These
choices can be supported by life cycle           utilisation. For used footwear that                developed and offers a vast range of
analysis tools. In any case, the main            becomes unwanted and is still in good              soles in natural or recycled materials,
aspect to retain is that ’less is more’.         enough condition to be used again,                 from thermoplastics to rubbers.
Particularly, using fewer materials,             cleaned and disinfected resale models                Regarding collection systems and
light weight durable materials, fewer            could offer an attractive opportunity.             logistics, steps are already being offered
dissimilar materials in assemblies, or                                                              by some brands and countries. To truly
in sub-assemblies and modules of                 NEW RECYCLING                                      upscale, plans and solutions need to be
products designed for disassembly, will          TECHNOLOGIES                                       defined and implemented and scaled up
improve the possibilities of material              New materials that are recyclable,               in the future in line with        regional
life extension.                                  coupled with efficient logistic and                specifics. Technologies and metho-
                                                 recycling systems and processes, are               dologies to identify the materials and
NEW SALES AND                                    fundamental for scaling up recycling               products and how they are sorted are key
SERVICE MODELS                                   and making it sustainable. Innovation              to capturing the full value of the materials
  Creating consumer awareness for                is required in order to obtain easy to             they contain in order for the process to be
responsible consumption of durable and           recycle materials, to incorporate high             economically viable. QR (quick response)
recycled products will create market             percentages        of    materials    to    be     codes and user-friendly platforms could
opportunities and will also benefit from         reprocessed        and    obtain     recycled      provide a useful contribution here.
private and public sector collaboration.         materials with properties similar to                 Implementation and, when necessary,
Buying and wearing shoes fulfils diverse         those of virgin materials. When the                development of sorting and separation
consumer needs and desires, therefore a          latter is needed to feed the economic              technologies permitting the mechanical
variety of awareness, sales and service          cycle, steps should be taken to ensure             and chemical separation of materials
models can be deployed to support the            they      increasingly       come          from    and   blends,    will   provide    cleaner
circular economy.                                renewable resources.                               feedstock and so potentially increase the
  Consumers may be engaged in the                  Development of this kind will entail             quality and value of recycling. However,
circular economy concept by rewarding            researching and promoting the use of               in footwear containing many different
their commitment and collaboration in            bio-based      renewable     feedstock       to    materials, this is complex and solutions
the logistics of collecting used shoes. For      produce leather, fibres and rubbers                that require detailed separation can be
those desiring frequent outfit changes,          among other materials. A good example              costly. To overcome this problem, CTCP
subscription-based models can offer an           is given by sole manufacturer Atlanta              has been developing materials that
attractive alternative to frequently buying      that, within the framework of internal             incorporate a range of ground footwear
new shoes. For one-off occasions, shoe           and collaborative projects such as                 waste that feature properties that allow
rental services could increase their             FAMEST       and    GreenShoes4All,         has    them to be used in quality outsoles.

16                                                                                                 WORLD FOOTWEAR | ISSUE TWO 2021
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