GLOBAL CLIMATE INFLUENCERS - ANNUAL REVIEW 2020-21 TOWARDS NET ZERO - Science Museum Group
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GLOBAL CLIMATE INFLUENCERS ANNUAL REVIEW 2020–21 TOWARDS MAKING REACHING MUSEUM NET ZERO COVID HISTORY NEW AUDIENCES OF THE YEAR
SCIENCE MUSEUM GROUP ANNUAL REVIEW 2020–21 WELCOME FROM OUR CHAIR RISING TO THE Cover, from top, left to right Emily Shuckburgh, Kira Peter-Hansen MEP, Julia King, Jane Goodall, Cassidy Kramer, Zamzam Ibrahim, Jennifer Wilcox, Wanju � hı� Njoroge, Jon Snow, Partha Dasgupta, Maggie Aderin-Pocock, Ghillean Prance, Joanna Haigh, Hannah Fry, Dia Mirza, Jim Al-Khalili, Gaia Vince, Gideon Henderson, James Lovelock, Kwasi Kwarteng MP, Anushka Asthana, Anote Tong, Tim Peake, Tamsin Edwards, Helen Sharman, Kevin Fong COVID CHALLENGE The pandemic brought A year that might otherwise have been My colleagues in learning developed HIGHLIGHTS unprecedented difficulties dominated by the Science Museum bright, uplifting videos with the BBC to winning our sector’s most prestigious inspire families trapped in lockdown. to the Group, but our teams’ prize, Art Fund Museum of the Year, has Our curators mobilised an extraordinary expertise and ingenuity instead been defined by Covid-19. Group-wide effort to record the allowed us to ‘stay open’ for greatest health crisis of a generation, Front cover Climate conversations ON OTHER PAGES a global audience online, The pandemic brought into sharp relief and to create an exhibition, generously 8 Prize collection our mission to inspire the next generation supported by Wellcome, on the race 3 Towards net zero 11 Our special space says Dame Mary Archer of scientists, engineers, mathematicians for a vaccine. 12 Digital pioneers and technologists – exactly the people 5 Ultimate accolade 14 Our net zero plan who have so brilliantly developed tests, Our exhibitions have continued to tour 6 Making tracks 15 Towards a greener future vaccines and therapies. worldwide. Remarkably, one on antibiotic 17 Ideas for a better world resistance – Superbugs – opened in 7 Royal virtual visit 18 Green shoots When we had to close our doors for Wuhan, where the pandemic is thought to 19 Screen idol the first time since the Second World have started. Back in South Kensington, 9 Open for all 20 Picture perfect War, colleagues across the Group rose we hosted an NHS vaccination centre at 24 Team effort to the challenge of putting museum the Science Museum. 13 Earth matters 25 Tour de force life online. Major events, such as the 16 Best practice 26 Lockdown learning Manchester Science Festival, the Our virtual visitors jumped at the 27 Creative measures Yorkshire Games Festival and a series opportunity to be the first to see one 21 History in the making 28 Support network of panel discussions, including one on of our objects online (more than a 29 Acquisitions and loans vaccine hesitancy featuring Dr Anthony quarter of a million obliged) and to 22 Pandemic response 31 Steaming ahead Fauci, the US chief medical adviser, and contribute our objects to the game 37 Dame Margaret Weston Nadhim Zahawi, the UK vaccines Animal Crossing. 23 Science channels minister, were presented virtually. APPENDIX Yes, the past year has been difficult, 32 Visitor numbers/financial summary Visits to our online collection rose from but it has spurred us on to engage more HRH Prince Philip, The Duke of Edinburgh, at the opening of the Engineer's 33 Our generous supporters Above Dame Mary Archer, right, with Judith more than 800,000 to 1.2 million and with online visitors than ever before. Day exhibition at the Science Museum, London, on 18 November 1966. The McNicol, director of the National Railway event was also attended by Her Majesty The Queen and the President of 35 Our science alliance Museum, and Group director Sir Ian Blatchford, those using our learning resources In the coming year, we look forward to Pakistan. Prince Philip (1921-2021) became a Fellow of the Group in 2014 38 Our trustees at the reopening of Locomotion in Shildon almost doubled to 270,000 visits. welcoming many back in person. 1 2
DIRECTOR’S WELCOME DIRECTOR’S WELCOME TOWARDS ‘We are grateful to the sponsors, funders We put sustainability at the heart of the and supporters who have continued to upgrade of IMAX: The Ronson Theatre work with us during the pandemic’ in the Science Museum, made possible by the generosity of the Gerald and Gail Sir Ian Blatchford Ronson Family Foundation, and have eliminated the sale of single-use plastic Left Sir Ian Blatchford bottles across our retail outlets and with Oliver Dowden NET ZERO MP, Secretary of State cafes. We have also cut carbon emissions for the Department for from our operations by more than two Digital, Culture, Media thirds, despite an increase in the size of and Sport Below Orthophoto our estate by one quarter. Still, there is of SS Thistlegorm so much more to do. by Simon Brown, winner of the Science Photographer of the As we demand more of our ourselves, Year Award (General so we expect more of our partners. Vital Science category) to our net zero ambition are the changes to our approach to procurement to ensure that our supply chain is lessening its environmental impact. The pandemic has underlined scientific consensus that calls for We are launching this renewed focus Decarbonising our heating systems our commitment to climate radical decarbonisation to keep global with Our Future Planet at the Science is also a central consideration in our We are also committed to working temperature rise below 1.5°C above pre- Museum, a landmark exhibition that long-term work to transform each of our with funders who are also on a journey science and sustainable industrial levels. showcases the cutting-edge technology six sites in the Science Museum Group, to decarbonise, becoming the first practices, says Group and nature-based solutions being perhaps best illustrated in the choice cultural institution to use the respected director Sir Ian Blatchford As we adapted to the pandemic, we were developed to remove carbon dioxide of architects Feilden Fowles to design Transition Pathway Initiative (TPI) to reminded of the power of technology to from the atmosphere. the centrepiece of our Vision 2025 assess partners’ progress with the bring that public engagement to a global project to transform the National Railway support of the Grantham Research While the Covid-19 pandemic has been audience and the opportunity to hear Museum; their elegant and uplifting Institute on Climate Change and the the defining issue of the past year, from global voices. proposal for Central Hall will provide Environment. We are grateful for how climate change will be the dominant an exemplary low-carbon building to the TPI has embraced working with the theme for the coming century. Indeed, Each of our series of Climate Talks in welcome our visitors. Science Museum Group. the human impact on the Earth’s the run-up to the COP26 international ecosystems can be seen as much in the climate conference is being live- Sustainability has been equally central We are also grateful to the sponsors, increasing risk of animal viruses causing streamed, amplifying our museum to the revolution in our collections care, funders and supporters who have novel diseases, as in the relentless audiences from hundreds to many centred around the National Collections continued to work with us during the increase in global temperatures. thousands. Centre, near Swindon, where we have pandemic, from the Department for completed work on our most energy- Digital, Culture, Media and Sport to the The Science Museum Group has long had Our first talk, chaired by Group trustee efficient building to date that will Huo Family Foundation, Russian Railways a focus on sustainability and climate, not Hannah Fry, illustrated our international ultimately house 300,000 incredible and Urenco. The Science Museum least with the opening of its pioneering and diverse approach with a panel objects from our collection. Our Foundation has evolved tremendously Atmosphere gallery in 2010. That focus including conservationist Jane Goodall, approach to environmental conditions under the leadership of Donald Brydon, has intensified since February 2020 Kenyan climate activist Wanju � hı� Njoroge at the NCC, by managing humidity but who became chair in 2016 and has now when Sir David Attenborough planted and Danish MEP Kira Peter-Hansen. not temperature, is already providing stepped down after his third term. We trees with school children in the Science inspiration across our sector. owe him our thanks for shaping the Museum garden to help us launch our At the Manchester Science Festival, we current board that we are so fortunate decade of climate action. heard from prominent figures such as to have today and for working Brian Eno and James Lovelock, but also tirelessly to build the momentum of Since then, following the approval of from diverse voices on a youth panel in the Foundation. the Board of Trustees in March, Julia conversation with Myles Allen, head of Knights, deputy director of the Science the Climate Dynamics group at Oxford Partnership and innovation have been Museum and our lead for sustainability, University. at the core of a century and a half of has led the Group to follow a 'net our organisation’s history. And they zero by 2033' pathway across all our Climate change will remain at the core will be central to the way we evolve work, from Masterplan projects to of the Group’s programming in the as an organisation, engage with the procurement and conservation. This coming years, exploring the work public and inspire young people, who plan builds on our Sustainability Policy, that scientists around the world are will go on to provide the solutions to which encapsulates our vision to be leading to develop technologies that future challenges, not least that of public engagement leaders on climate can mitigate and adapt to humankind’s tackling climate change and the energy science, guided by the international impact on our planet. revolution ahead. 3 4
MUSEUM OF THE YEAR 2020 VISION 2025 ‘Congratulations to the Science Museum. The UK’s museums – admired worldwide and vital locally – were thriving before Covid-19. Now they can help rebuild our communities and confidence as we emerge from the virus’ Jenny Waldman, director of Art Fund MAKING TRACKS The accolade acknowledged the radical transformation of the Science Museum over the past decade, culminating in a landmark year in 2019 which saw the finale of the Tim Peake’s Spacecraft tour, presented by Samsung and the Science Vision 2025, our transformation of Museum Group. The museum hosted the biggest ever sleepover to celebrate the National Railway Museum in York the Apollo 11 anniversary, and opened and Locomotion in Shildon, has ULTIMATE spectacular new permanent galleries – taken huge strides forward Medicine: The Wellcome Galleries and Science City 1550–1800: The Linbury Gallery to critical acclaim. Vision 2025, our £55.3 million project to Wonderlab, our £5 million engineering- Construction is due to start in April ACCOLADE transform the National Railway Museum focused gallery, is due to open in 2023. 2022 subject to planning permission, The Art Fund Museum of the Year judges and Locomotion, has been a beacon of It will inspire young people to become with work scheduled to be complete cited our work with local communities progress and hope in a difficult year. the problem-solvers and innovators by early 2023. across the country to inspire the next Three elements of the programme of the future. In the past year we have generation of scientists. The award – Station Hall and Wonderlab at the appointed De Matos Ryan to design This is the most significant change to After a successful reopening in the summer, reflects the extraordinary work of National Railway Museum, and the new the space, which will feature up to 25 Locomotion since its opening and will the Science Museum was named hundreds of colleagues over many years, building at Locomotion – have taken interactive exhibits with a rail engineering create a more inviting and accessible Art Fund Museum of the Year 2020, and the steadfast support and expert huge strides forward. theme. It follows the success of two museum, emphasising Locomotion’s the most prestigious sector contributions from our partners. STEM-focused interactive galleries pivotal role as a cultural cornerstone Station Hall, a Grade II-listed former at the Science Museum and National for the community. prize in the world Sir Ian said: ‘It means a great deal to goods depot and now home to the Science and Media Museum. have the Science Museum’s national collection of original royal The new building is the largest in a achievement acknowledged by this carriages, is set to receive a £500,000 In Shildon, AOC Architecture has been series of regeneration projects planned In a unique edition of the Art Fund The artist Grayson Perry announced magnificent prize. Our museums are refurbishment, thanks to the Friends appointed to start work on a £4.5 million for the museum. These include the Museum of the Year award and in the news on BBC’s The One Show at the heart of national cultural life of the National Railway Museum. The project to deliver a new collection refurbishment of the site’s historic Grade recognition of the unprecedented and Radio 2, which began a week of and, particularly during this time of charity organisation, which supports building at Locomotion. This ambitious II-listed railway buildings, the relocation challenges that all museums faced in celebrations. Sir Ian Blatchford, director uncertainty, provide solace, inspiration the work of the museum, has raised redevelopment will see the entire of Gaunless Bridge –one of the world’s 2020, the Science Museum was among of the Science Museum Group, and and joy to so many. We’ll be using the £300,000 from members to develop museum transformed in time for the first iron railway bridges created for the five institutions given the top gong in Laura Southall, head of learning at the prize money to support local school and refresh Station Hall’s permanent 200th anniversary of the Stockton and Stockton and Darlington Railway, and 2020, with the £200,000 prize money Science Museum, took part in media children from communities that aren’t exhibition. Darlington Railway in 2025. the return of Locomotion No. 1 which set being shared equally among them. appearances and panel discussions. able to currently visit the museum with off from Shildon to haul the world’s first special outreach sessions, so that we Due to start in spring 2021, the project Once complete, the new building will steam-powered passenger train in 1825. The Science Museum was joint winner The Science Museum also created continue to inspire futures beyond our will see an estimated 200 new collection house up to 50 rail vehicles, bringing with Aberdeen Art Gallery in Aberdeen, a raft of bespoke digital content to museum walls.’ items and 25 rail vehicles go on display. the total at Locomotion to 120 and the Gairloch Museum in Wester Ross, engage new audiences with our work – The Station Hall project will provide a creating the UK’s largest rail vehicle the South London Gallery in Camberwell, particularly ahead of half-term – with Above Zombie Boy, by Marc Quinn, in the greater focus on the roles of railway display. AOC will create a sustainable, Above An artist’s impression of the Medicine galleries of the Science Museum transformed National Railway Museum in York London, and the Towner Art Gallery in a special focus on Wonderlab: The workers and passengers and under- low-maintenance and low-energy-usage Top right The Wonderlab concept by Eastbourne, East Sussex. Equinor Gallery. Funder Art Fund represented stories from railway history. building, sympathetic to the local area. De Matos Ryan 5 6
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK BUILDING ONE ‘It’s been very interesting to ‘Our collection management facility will enable us to 100,000 hear from you all. I hope the sustain and grow our collection and inspire future A growing audience is exploring our children have enjoyed it, too. generations with the wonders it contains’ digitised collection, with more than Thank you for the wonderful Sian Williams, programme director, 100,000 sessions now regularly work you are doing’ recorded each month and over three One Collection million visitors since the online Her Majesty The Queen collection launched in December 2016 creating new opportunities for object research, display and loans. Over a ROYAL quarter of the objects we care for (112,000 items) now have a photograph published online, with thousands more PRIZE added each month. Rapid digitisation enables colleagues and the public to engage with more VIRTUAL of the collection than ever before – COLLECTION we have never been better placed to share and celebrate the stories of our objects. Online audiences have explored technologies we encounter around us through popular long-form articles With Building One, the new home for the Group’s and blog posts created for our second VISIT annual theme, Everyday Technology, collection completed, staff have continued to which was planned before the pandemic digitise hundreds of thousands of objects before but published while many people were they move into this spectacular space in Wiltshire working from home. We were delighted to welcome Her Majesty The Queen during British An accompanying podcast, A Brief Science Week in March as she joined History of Stuff, the Group’s first a virtual science showcase. The event In the midst of the pandemic, we maximise performance of the facility’s experiment with this intimate form of involved Maggie Aderin-Pocock MBE, reached a significant milestone on our materials has dramatically increased storytelling, released in April 2021, Caroline Smith, and primary school journey to transform public access to energy efficiency while reducing invites global audiences to discover the children from Thomas Jones School, the Science Museum Group Collection energy needs, operational costs and collection. And more than 84,000 people which is local to the Science Museum. and provide for its long-term care, carbon emissions. have uncovered hidden gems through by safely completing construction of our Never Been Seen webpage, which The session, hosted by Aderin-Pocock, our collection management facility Work is underway to study and digitise displays objects not seen online before. focused on space exploration and Smith at the National Collections Centre, in 26,000 objects at the National shared the latest updates from the Wroughton, Wiltshire. Collections Centre, many thousands of As final preparations were underway to NASA Mars Perseverance mission. Our which will move into the new facility. move the collection into its new home, Learning team showed first-hand how This purpose-built and sector-leading Meanwhile, at Blythe House in London, we launched an exciting participatory art we had adapted our content to deliver facility brings together our vast the team has achieved staggering results. commission for the National Collections it virtually during the pandemic, and the collection under one roof for the first By March 2021, we finished processing Centre, with internationally acclaimed pupils demonstrated for The Queen their time. It enables us to better study, and barcoding all 260,000 objects, with artist Bedwyr Williams. Williams will Her Majesty The Queen own rocket experiments. conserve, photograph and digitise 175,000 objects photographed and collaborate with local communities items, prepare and transport objects to 75,000 already packed ready to travel to produce a significant film and joined a virtual event Her Majesty said: ‘It’s been very exhibitions at our museums, and loan to their new home. accompanying book inspired by the hosted by the Group interesting to hear from you all. I hope more items for display. collection and its new home. The film to celebrate British the children have enjoyed it, too – This vitally important but often unseen is expected to premiere at the National Science Week they might learn something from it as It has sustainability at its heart as the work to better document and digitise Collections Centre in 2024, when our well! Thank you very much indeed. It’s Group’s most energy-efficient building. the collection dramatically increases facility opens for public tours, school wonderful work you are all doing.’ Taking a ‘fabric first’ approach to our knowledge and its accessibility, and research visits. 7 8
OPEN FOR ALL OPEN FOR ALL OPEN ‘About women in medicine – Clockwise from right Open Talk contributors we now have more than 50% Dame Sally Davies, of medical students who Deborah Frances- White, Amanda Khozi are women, and you can do Mukwashi, Jo Brand and David Lammy MP anything. When I came in there FOR ALL was a glass ceiling. So, enjoy it and let it take you where you want to go’ Dame Sally Davies, The Guilty Feminist: ‘I realise that my “identity” doesn’t actually Women in Medicine belong to me; it belongs to wherever I happen to be in the world, and it belongs to people looking at me and deciding what I am. I don’t The Group stepped up its commitment to get to decide it sadly – but none of us do’ addressing issues of equity and inclusion Angela Saini, The Guilty Feminist: Women in Medicine The issue of discrimination and inequality Our response was to intensify our work Sir Ian returned in January 2021 to be ‘The Open Talk event series came sharply into focus across the world to prioritise diversity and inclusion joined by Science Museum curator gives SMG an opportunity to in 2020, and in the months since it has across all areas of the Group – our ways Elizabeth Bruton, and Chris Bryant MP become clear that the Science Museum of working, our people and culture, our to discuss his latest book, The Glamour explore different perspectives Group’s ambition to be Open for All has public programme and our curatorial Boys: The Secret Story of the Rebels within science and society never been more relevant. research. Recognising the importance of Who Fought for Britain to Defeat Hitler, more broadly, and ensures that transparency, an Open for All blog was highlighting a fascinating and vital story our work remains meaningful launched to provide regular updates on hitherto unheard by many. our progress and the challenges we face. in a time of change’ To mark International Women’s Day in Susan Raikes, director of learning INCLUSIVE COLLECTING AND CURATION March 2021, Open Talk joined forces The global discourse about the with award-winning comedy podcast importance of black lives during 2020 The Guilty Feminist for a special live undoubtedly sharpened our focus on edition of the show celebrating women colonial history. We have brought more in medicine. Co-presenters Deborah urgency to work to address omissions in Frances-White and comedian and Below Model cotton gin made around 1860. our galleries, including uncomfortable former psychiatric nurse Jo Brand were The invention sped up the processing of raw cotton on plantations, leading to a huge aspects of our history. A fine example joined by special guests Angela Saini increase in the exploitation of enslaved of this is new research by the National Above and left Asquith Xavier, a West Indian VITAL CONVERSATIONS and former chief medical officer Dame people to plant and pick it Railway Museum on the unofficial ‘colour Briton who was the first non-white train guard at Dialogue about inclusion is vital, so this Sally Davies, as well as surprise guest Euston railway station; Ruth and James by Siân bar’ that was prevalent in the 1950s Davey, part of a series of portraits in the Science year we began our Group-wide Open Dame Mary Archer, to present Dame and 1960s and which denied promotion Museum’s Medicine galleries Talk series, aiming to demonstrate Sally with the Science Museum Group to black employees that British Rail firmly that STEM is for everyone and to Fellowship. The show was poignant, had recruited among the Windrush explore both the causes and symptoms hilarious, informative and inspiring in generation. Following a guiding principle about Manchester’s involvement in of discrimination based on race, equal measure. of ‘additions not subtractions’, we are the transatlantic slave trade. And upon gender, sexuality, economic status focusing more curatorial resource on the reopening the Science Museum in the or physical disability. Later that month, a panel chaired by untold stories of people forgotten by, or summer, we highlighted new research Gadget Show presenter Ortis Deley airbrushed out of, history. by Stephen Mullen at the University of The series began with a discussion explored issues of discrimination Glasgow, which showed that steam-age between director of learning Susan and bias in technology, followed by a This focus was reflected in our most pioneer James Watt was directly involved Raikes, director of people and culture brilliant conversation between Sir Ian recent Collection Development with the trade in enslaved people. This Sarita Godber and Angela Saini, author and Amanda Khozi Mukwashi, CEO of Policy, and an Inclusive Display and has also been reflected in changes to of Superior: The Return of Race Science, Christian Aid and author of But Where Interpretation Action Plan setting out interpretation at the museum. in front of an audience of colleagues Are You Really From? our intent for each site. For example, and stakeholders in June 2020. It at the Science and Industry Museum All of this is an ongoing process, but we continued in September with Sir Ian More events are planned for later in in Manchester we are working with are deeply committed to reflecting our Blatchford, joined by David Lammy MP, 2021, as we continue to engage with academic and cultural partners as well audiences better in the stories we tell, for a fascinating conversation live- these vitally important issues. as with local communities to tell deeper, whether in our museums or across our streamed from the Science Museum’s more diverse and personal stories digital channels. Information Age gallery. 9 10
MANCHESTER'S NEW SPACE FESTIVALS OUR DIGITAL A spectacular new gallery is now This gallery will enable the museum to complete at the Science and Industry display larger objects and exhibition Museum, ready for us to originate and sets, as well as provide a better visitor SPECIAL host some of the world’s best science experience and facilities for audiences exhibitions and experiences in the North. to explore science in all its forms. PIONEERS Designed by award-winning Beautifully restored Victorian industrial SPACE architectural practice Carmody architecture is enhanced with high- Groarke, the transformation of the quality contemporary materials and lower ground floor of the museum’s design, including illuminated fibreglass Grade II-listed New Warehouse reveals panels, which welcome visitors on arrival grand industrial beauty with stunning with a warm glow. In the gallery, new Our Special Exhibitions modern and sustainable design, walls house all necessary services and Gallery at the Science and setting a new standard for the rest are a blank canvas for exhibitions. of the museum’s Masterplan. Innovative thinking meant Industry Museum is ready An improved outdoor welcome area to welcome visitors to its It opens up a previously hidden part of provides stunning vistas under the Bradford’s popular festival cutting-edge exhibitions this much loved museum for the first historic viaduct. This beautiful colonnade programme enjoyed another time, allowing visitors to experience will shortly connect the museum with successful year in spite of the grandeur and scale of the original The Factory, a spectacular new arts Covid restrictions warehouse space. venue under construction, as this vibrant area of the city comes alive. All our museums had to adapt swiftly This gallery is the first project to be to the changing situation in 2020, and completed in a multimillion-pound, our popular festival programme at the long-term programme of investment National Science and Media Museum (including The Power Hall, improvements was no different. to the 1830 Station and Warehouse, and site-wide decarbonisation). This will The Bradford Science Festival, which shows, alongside 85,000 page views on for families. The team’s excellent work enable crucial restoration work, open usually takes place during July and the museum website. In total, it hosted in distributing these packs during the up new spaces and perspectives and in previous years has welcomed up 120 online activities in partnership with pandemic was recognised by the Kids create a more sustainable museum to to 40,000 visitors, was pushed back more than 25 organisations, including in Museums’ ‘Family Friendly Museum inspire, educate and entertain visitors. to October half-term as a result of lead partner PPG. Award From Home’ and shortlisting in Revolution, after all, is in this site’s DNA. lockdown. The festival team explored the ‘Going the Extra Mile’ category. a different programme of activities, To help bridge the digital divide during including a focus on digital events, lockdown, the Learning team also The Yorkshire Games Festival also moved radio programmes, and online learning distributed 10,000 Science at Home online in February for a special ‘Bonus resources. Despite its different look, the packs to communities in Bradford – Level’ edition. The popular Game Talks festival proved to be a huge success, where access to the internet is limited returned, hosted on Zoom webinar welcoming 4,000 visitors to its live – featuring STEM learning activities alongside a brand-new Discord server, with expert speakers from Epic Games, Ubisoft and Polish game developer CD Above and left Taking place in October Projekt Red. More than 1,300 tickets half-term, the festival were sold for the event, which attracted welcomed 4,000 live much wider audiences than the usual visitors, and provided in-museum offering, including ‘This new gallery opens up 120 activities online international delegates and educational a wealth of opportunity for institutions. This resulted in online the Science and Industry unique user admissions of 2,760 Museum and demonstrates across all individual events. the importance of not only the The festival also included online heart of Manchester but Funders Bradford resources from BAFTA Young Game the whole of the North West’ Science Festival Lead partner PPG Designers and the Northern Games Sponsors The Showcase. Taking the lead from the Culture Minister Caroline Dinenage Broadway, Bradford Bradford Science Festival, the organisers Bid Supported distributed printed packs of offline by Players of the Funders The Special Exhibitions Gallery was made possible with the support of Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport People’s Postcode games, maths and coding resources to Principal funder Wellcome Major funder Garfield Weston Foundation With support from Kirby Laing Foundation, The Zochonis Charitable Trust Lottery 2,000 households in Bradford. 11 12
CLIMATE AND SUSTAINABILITY CLIMATE AND SUSTAINABILITY EARTH OUR ‘One of the difficult things with carbon emissions from our operations ‘The Science Museum Group is climate science is trying to by 69% since 2011–12 despite a 24% the first cultural institution to increase in floor area of our estate. unpack these numbers which join our membership and TPI seem small when you look at is delighted that it has chosen MATTERS NET But we have so much more to do. Scope the global averages but on a 3 emissions account for 94% of our to use our data as part of its local level can have a huge carbon footprint and we are challenging sustainability policy’ all our biggest suppliers to join us on the impact on people’s lives.’ journey to decarbonise. Each year we will Faith Ward, co-chair of Transition ZERO Tamsin Edwards, climate scientist work with a further 20 suppliers, while Pathway Initiative raising the bar on sustainability for all As part of the Group’s climate-focused public new suppliers, until the majority of our programme for 2021, we hosted Climate Talks, Scope 3 emissions have been tackled. As well as reducing our carbon emissions, we are enhancing a series of global free online debates from PLAN As we demand more of ourselves and biodiversity across all our Group’s sites. distinguished climate experts in the run-up to our suppliers, so we expect more of our We are also removing carbon from the COP26, the international climate summit partners. This year we set out our atmosphere via the 1,000 native trees commitment to working with funders we have pledged to plant every year who are also on a journey to decarbonise, on our collections management site The Science Museum Group is The subsequent talks examined the As testament to the truly global nature becoming the first cultural institution in Wiltshire until 2030 with our new committed to engaging audiences subject from particular viewpoints. At of the talks, one discussion, Why Half to use the respected Transition partners, the Woodland Trust. This is around the world with the science of the climate-themed Manchester Science a Degree Really Counts, with panellists The Group is determined Pathway Initiative (TPI) to assess in addition to 43,000 native trees we and solutions to the urgent challenges Festival, at the Science and Industry Cassidy Kramer speaking from Alaska to reduce carbon emissions partners’ progress. have already planted there. facing our planet. As part of our work Museum, the scientist James Lovelock, and Anote Tong in Kiribati, involved a by demanding more of in this area, the Group announced at now aged 101, joined our discussion 21-hour time difference. Using publicly disclosed data, TPI There is a resounding scientific the end of 2020 that it would focus on Earth, But Not As We Know It: Lovelock’s ourselves and our suppliers assesses the progress that companies consensus about the scale of the sustainability and climate change in its Legacy and Our Future. This fascinating Other talks looked at The View from are making on the transition to a low- challenge facing the world in mitigating public programme throughout 2021. talk explored his seminal Gaia Theory; Space – with contributions from carbon economy, supporting efforts to climate change. As we join the public, the panellists included journalist Gaia astronauts Helen Sharman and Tim To become a leader in public mitigate climate change. businesses and governments in The series of Climate Talks, which are Vince, physicist Helen Czerski, climate Peake – and the science of greenhouse engagement around climate change, we changing the way we live and work we broadcast from the Group’s museums scientist Chris Rapley and climate gas removal, whose panel included Emily recently launched an ambitious target Faith Ward, co-chair of Transition can expect that path ahead to be bumpy, and streamed to connect with our activist Zamzam Ibrahim. Shuckburgh, director of Cambridge Zero, of net zero by 2033 – work led by our Pathway Initiative, says: ‘Science is at the but there is no more important task. expanding global audience, brings and Gideon Henderson, chief scientific Group sustainability lead, Julia Knights. forefront of finding solutions to the most together a diverse, distinguished The series also looked at climate adviser for DEFRA. Further talks looked To achieve this, we are already taking pressing challenges facing the world… line-up of international speakers, from activism, in a talk involving the musician at The Clean Energy Revolution, The decisive action to decarbonise across and is also at the heart of TPI’s robust, Below, from left Matt Moore, head of the independent data to assess whether National Collections Centre, Julia Knights, climate scientists and economists to Brian Eno and James Thornton, Future of Fuel and How are our Oceans our five museums and collections sites. Science Museum deputy director, and Jeremy activists and politicians, to debate chief executive of ClientEarth, and Responding to Climate Change? high-emitting companies are aligning Evans, outreach adviser for the Woodland Trust, the technological and nature-based economics, in which leading experts Our approach to this vital subject with the goals of the Paris Agreement.’ plant trees at our Wroughton site solutions to tackling the climate crisis. discussed whether capitalist economies More events in the Climate Talks series is guided by science, following the are compatible with sustainable were announced at the time of going to internationally respected Science The discussions began in January 2021 development. The latter talk took press. The full list of talks and speakers Based Targets Initiative (SBTi) tool and with Climate Change: Why Should We place between Sir Partha Dasgupta, can be found at: sciencemuseum.org. including in our calculations both our Care?; this panel included the renowned lead author of the ground-breaking uk/see-and-do/climate-talks direct emissions and those that arise conservationist Jane Goodall, activist Economics of Biodiversity report, in our supply chain (known as Scope Wanju� hı� Njoroge, Danish politician Kira climate scientist Joanna Haigh, 3 emissions) – as all credible net zero Peter-Hansen and climate scientist Tamsin Edwards. Hosted by Hannah Fry, US economist Robert Pollin, Anusha Shah, vice-president of the Institute 30,000 targets should. mathematician and Science Museum of Civil Engineering, and the 30,000 people have tuned in or booked Our net zero target builds on our Group trustee, the event looked at how broadcaster Jon Snow. a free ticket to Climate Talks so far Sustainability Policy and represents we can track the global impact our response to the science of of climate change and what can be climate change that requires radical done to help shift societies and decarbonisation across all sectors to industries to more sustainable practices. keep global temperature rises below 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels by the end of the century. In driving further change in our own behaviours, we are building on sound foundations; we have already cut 13 14
CLIMATE AND SUSTAINABILITY CLIMATE AND SUSTAINABILITY ‘We hope that visitors will While the Group is a leader in raising 1st ‘The community has really come together from Left The Our Future Planet exhibition at leave feeling inspired by climate awareness through exhibitions This is the different backgrounds and cultures, faith and the Science Museum and events, its approach to sustainability no faith. That’s what has kept people going’ Right and below the ambition of scientists has also led to a transformation in its first time the Hussain Master, part and engineers to build a Klaus Lackner Hussain Master, train manager, Avanti West Coast of the Railway Heroes working practices, including setting a exhibition: Science Mechanical greener future’ target this year to achieve net zero by Tree has been Museum Conservation 2033. In keeping with this commitment, staff working on the Sophie Waring, curator of displayed in install of objects for sustainability has been at the core of the Our Future Planet contemporary science the UK the development of the exhibition. The exhibition majority of objects are locally sourced and the exhibition reuses sets, display TOWARDS furniture and audio-visual equipment from previous exhibitions at the museum. A GREENER On first entering the exhibition, visitors encounter ancient means of carbon capture, trees and plants. Natural carbon 0.41 ton FUTURE sinks, from forests to peat bogs to oceans, absorb around half of human carbon dioxide emissions, and scientists Estimated carbon footprint saving from the use of are working to understand, preserve and virtual couriering protect these vital habitats. in The Sun The Science Museum has deinstallation: opened Britain’s first Inspired by trees and driven to Our Future Planet also shows systems 0.41 ton/ BEST significant exhibition on contribute to the fight against climate being developed to remove carbon CO2e. A return carbon capture, featuring change, many scientists and engineers dioxide at the point of emission, flight London – are now developing artificial ways to effectively preventing it from entering Copenhagen uses objects never seen capture carbon dioxide. The exhibition the atmosphere at source. 0.3 ton/CO2e before in the UK PRACTICE includes a striking early prototype: Klaus Lackner’s Mechanical Tree. The Visitors can see how these technologies Group has acquired this historically will impact their lives, from large-scale the National Science and Media Museum, Opening at the Science Museum on 19 significant object for our permanent projects like the Northern Endurance Railway Heroes at the National Railway May 2021 , Our Future Planet explores collection, and this is the first time it Partnership, which will store captured Museum and RPS Science Photographer how scientists and researchers across has been displayed in the UK. carbon dioxide under the North Sea, to of the Year at the Science and Industry the world are researching ways to everyday commercial products that The Group has introduced reforms Museum, have negated the energy remove and store carbon dioxide, a small The exhibition explains how carbon will help consumers reduce their to the way we work to ensure we costs of producing physical exhibitions. but significant area of innovation in the dioxide that has been pulled from the carbon footprints. Meanwhile, our digital Blueprint Packs fight against climate change. atmosphere can be stored or utilised meet our sustainability targets continued to reach audiences globally, to prevent it from being re-released. removing the environmental impact of Carbon dioxide is essential to life It showcases the Climeworks Direct Below Items made with captured carbon: The Science Museum Group launched Collaborating with colleagues in international shipping – Superbugs from on Earth but over the past century Air Capture machine from Switzerland, toothpaste, crayons, concrete tiles, sandal, hand its Group Exhibitions Strategy in Corporate Records, our exhibition teams the Science Museum opened in South sanitiser, yoga mat, vodka, sunglasses, bracelet, industrialisation has caused levels the only direct-air-capture technology plastic cutlery, pen with case, and toy car that March 2020, with a renewed focus on are shifting from one of the most paper- Korea in November 2020 and Never of it to rise in the atmosphere, with operating in Europe. runs on fuel made of carbon dioxide sustainability, both in our practices rich departments in the Group to greater Alone from the National Science and devastating results. Our Future Planet and content. Although the pandemic emphasis on digital record-keeping. Media Museum opened in Saudi Arabia inspires our visitors by showing some drastically reduced the number of in January 2021. of the incredible technologies under exhibitions we produced in 2020, we Working with the Registration team, we development which, in combination with were nevertheless able to make have also been trialling virtual couriering We also began building sustainability as large reductions in emissions, have the progress towards more sustainable to reduce our carbon footprint when a subject into our exhibition programme, potential to reduce the environmental ways of working as a result of the we move objects around the world. For with Our Future Planet opening in spring impact of the industries we rely on, strategy’s initiatives. the deinstallation of The Sun exhibition 2021 at the Science Museum. This from transport to agriculture and from at the Science and Industry Museum, year’s RPS Science Photographer of the construction to energy. These have included improving our for example, loans from the National Year was part of the climate-focused reuse of assets such as audio-visual Museum of Denmark were condition- Manchester Science Festival. Our Future Planet forms a key part of hardware and display cases, as well as checked and packed with remote the Science Museum Group’s climate- producing guidance on disposing of supervision from the Danish team. focused public programme for 2021 in old setworks and building materials The programme has also focused on the run-up to Britain hosting the COP26 sustainably. We are working on ways improving sustainable ways of reaching Funders Our Future Planet Major funder UK Research and Innovation Major sponsor Shell UN Climate Change Conference (see to embed sustainability in our our audiences. Online exhibitions, such Associate funders AKO Foundation, The Huo Director's welcome, page 3). procurement processes. as Pathology: Diagnosing Disease at Family Foundation 15 16
CLIMATE AND SUSTAINABILITY CLIMATE AND SUSTAINABILITY IDEAS FOR The Manchester Science Festival, a The Science and Industry Museum is Today, this outdoor space is particularly highlight of the city’s cultural calendar, located on a site of global significance precious to us, providing much-needed returned in February 2021 as an online- in the heart of the world’s first industrial areas in which to sit and relax, as well only event, with a packed programme city, and our new garden planted in the as giving visitors a sense of how the A BETTER focused on our changing climate. In museum’s Upper Yard is in the spirit of historic site developed over time. Over the middle of lockdown, it brought the that forward-thinking tradition. the past year, we have installed seating joy and fascination of the Science and and a garden designed by Alexandra Industry Museum into people’s homes. Historically, our cobbled Upper Yard Froggatt, who in 2018 created our Bee would have been a hive of coal-fuelled Garden. Planting is in two clusters, WORLD Headlining the festival was a digital commerce, receiving and distributing representing both the goods that would exhibition revealing the winners of the goods from across the world, transported once have been transported on the Royal Photographic Society’s Science via steam-powered locomotives. railway to feed Manchester’s growing Photographer of the Year, which included population, as well as the sorts of a new climate change category chosen materials that were brought to site to from more than 1,000 entries. fuel industry in the city. ‘This year’s Science Photographer of the Year is Well-known names and scientists The materials and structures used more relevant than ever before in documenting at the forefront of the fight against in the garden have been specifically how science and climate change are impacting all climate change presented fascinating selected to maximise sustainability. discussions alongside voices from Planting includes long-lasting perennials our lives. The selected images are striking and will Manchester’s communities. and evergreen shrubbery to keep the make us think more about the world around us’ botanical beds blooming year after year, Michael Pritchard, director, Education and Public Affairs at the RPS Physicist, oceanographer and and the adaptable garden structures can broadcaster Helen Czerski asked the be relocated around the site as required. question, ‘How can I be a good citizen of the world?’ during a series of three The new garden display extends the lively discussions about transport, food inspiring experiences we offer inside and social justice. These took place our galleries across our outdoor spaces. with communities and campaigners who It works alongside our new outdoor are making a difference, including Paul trail to help visitors further explore the Dennett, the mayor of Salford, Corin Bell, museum’s history and the stories we tell, GREEN director of Open Kitchen MCR, Ayesha and reveal the wonder of our globally Arif, community director at Bury Asian significant site. It is also an important Women’s Centre, and many more. contribution towards reducing our carbon footprint for the benefit of the Young people have been at the heart of climate, local communities and wildlife. SHOOTS the festival this year, with a dedicated Young People Panel, aged between The garden is part of our ongoing, 14 and 24, who ensured the voices multimillion-pound Masterplan to unite and interests of young people were the museum’s original features with new represented. This culminated in an additions to secure a sustainable future. insightful discussion about eco-anxiety, Our beautiful new garden in Manchester which they curated. It was chaired by Nile Henry, founder and CEO of The Blair reflects our commitment to a Project, and featured discussions from climate-friendly museum experience Newsround presenter Martin Dougan, Above Comet Neowise over Sycamore Gap by environmentalist Mya-Rose Craig and Mark McNeill Caroline Hickman, a lecturer in social Right Sally MacDonald, work at the University of Bath. director of the Science and Industry Museum, at the launch As the birthplace of the Industrial of the festival Revolution, Manchester was the catalyst for scientific innovation and unprecedented change all over the Left and top Black Funders Manchester Tulip Mammogram by Science Festival world. Now, with Greater Manchester’s Peter Dazeley, which Major sponsors Chiesi vision of becoming carbon neutral by is part of the Group's Waters Sponsor 2038, the city is once again uniquely collection; a detail Electricity North West of the sustainable Event sponsor Cadent placed to influence future progress garden at our Gas Supporter Renold across the globe. Manchester museum 17 18
IMAX: THE RONSON THEATRE DAILY HERALD ARCHIVE SCREEN ‘The 12-channel, precision, Left Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle Below Dean Martin and Frank Sinatra crystal clear sound system (Anthony Eden stands arrive at London behind Churchill) Airport in 1961; isn’t just heard, it’s also felt... at the Liberation of Bernard Cribbins and it left the hairs on my Paris, August 1944 Barbara Windsor star in Carry on Spying arms saluting the realness (1964) IDOL I was witnessing!’ Chloe Cowan, On in London PICTURE The Science Museum’s spectacular new cinema, IMAX: The Ronson Theatre, opened with the UK premiere of BBC Earth’s Antarctica 3D PERFECT The enormous new screen is installed at the IMAX cinema at the Science Museum Following 10 months of closure to all, allowed cinema-goers to experience ‘A screen that is now allow for a major revamp, the Science Antarctica’s breathtaking landscape, undoubtedly a jewel in Museum’s popular IMAX® cinema treacherous climate and incredible In a collaboration with Google Arts & Culture, returned in December 2020 to cement wildlife through the wonders of 3D and the crown for London the Group is digitising our historic Daily Herald its place as Europe’s leading destination immersive sound. big-screen cinema’ photographic archive for film fans. Bringing together next- Benny Har-Evan, Forbes generation IMAX® with Laser and IMAX Sustainability has been at the heart 70mm film – the original champion of of the refurbishment, with carpets The Daily Herald Archive is the largest British newspaper in the middle of the analogue cinema – the newly named woven from recycled plastic, new LED single collection in the Science Museum 20th century. It documents significant IMAX: The Ronson Theatre presents an lighting and 3D glasses that will last former digital equipment has been Group. It comprises more than 3.5 million international moments in history, such immersive storytelling experience with over four times as long as previous donated to the historic Tyneside Cinema individual photographs from the photo as the Spanish Civil War, the rise of decades of scientific ingenuity at its core. models. Modern cinema seating is made in Newcastle upon Tyne and the Oban library of the daily British newspaper, fascism, the abdication crisis and the of recycled fibre, while a transformed Phoenix, a community-owned cinema which was published in London General Strike, alongside regional and As one of only two screens in Europe concessions area completes the in Oban, Scotland. from 1912 to 1964. It includes prints national events. It is a treasure trove of to feature the very best of both digital experience with a bar stocked with from press agencies and freelance portraits of public figures, celebrities and analogue cinema, IMAX: The Ronson refreshments from local suppliers who Sir Ian Blatchford, Group director, photographers alongside work created and ordinary people. Theatre is sure to become a favourite share the Science Museum Group’s said: ‘We’re delighted to be safely by Herald staff photographers. among film buffs and museum-goers, passion for a more sustainable future. welcoming back audiences to our Beyond the images themselves, the project called ‘Communities and Crowds’. promising an array of newly released revamped IMAX cinema, hopefully With the support of Google Arts & captions and editorial marks tell us rich This is a collaboration between the blockbusters, 3D educational films and The Group has also championed the work projecting some joy as well as igniting Culture, we have been able to begin a stories about how these images were National Science and Media Museum, cinema classics as well as live events. of independent cinemas while ensuring curiosity in our visitors with incredible pilot phase of digitisation of the Daily created and used by the editors and art the University of Oxford and the Adler the continued legacy of the Science stories of scientific endeavour. Cinema Herald Archive, an ambitious project that directors of the Daily Herald. Planetarium to create a volunteer-led Complementing the Science Museum Museum’s much-loved former IMAX has a tremendous power to spark our aims to create 18,000 new digital images digitisation process for the Daily Herald Group’s focus on climate change for space. Seats from the theatre, which imagination and transport us to other of the paper’s photographs. We have borrowed image scanners and Archive, which will ultimately result in an 2021 and beyond, the cinema opened witnessed incredible guest speakers worlds, a means of escape that is hired a team to start documenting and online ‘citizen-science’ platform. with the UK premiere of BBC Earth’s at live events – from will.i.am and Bill much needed by us all today.’ This project will help us unlock one of digitising the collection. New stories Antarctica 3D narrated by the actor Gates to Stephen Hawking and the most compelling visual collections will be created for Google Arts & Culture Over the next three years we will be Benedict Cumberbatch. The thought- astronaut Helen Sharman – have found in the Science Museum Group. This and the Group’s online collection. This, delving into the Daily Herald Archive to Funders IMAX: The Ronson Theatre provoking documentary, exploring how new homes at the Leigh Film Society Title sponsor The Gerald and Gail Ronson photographic archive represents however, is just the first step. We are also make this incredibly rich collection more changes on the icy continent affect us and Showroom Workstation, while Family Foundation everything that was newsworthy for a launching a three-year research-funded visible, relevant and open for all. 19 20
COVID COLLECTING COVID-19 EFFORT HISTORY IN ‘It has been so much work to try and develop the vaccine in time, but we did it! The moment we saw Margaret THE MAKING get vaccinated was incredibly emotional’ Berkeley Phillips, UK medical director of Pfizer The Group has set up a dedicated project to ensure historically significant artefacts from the UK’s pandemic response form part of our collections PANDEMIC RESPONSE During the pandemic, we opened the ‘With genomic epidemiology, Science Museum as an NHS vaccination we’ve created an observatory As part of an organised centre, organised a major online event to response to Covid-19, the examine vaccine hesitancy, and provided that reveals the genetic life Group interviewed scientists, extensive detailed information about of the virus in real time’ published blogs to help the rapidly emerging Covid-19 science. Oliver Pybus, professor of evolution and public understand the infectious disease, University of Oxford While vials for the first coronavirus disease, and offered its vaccines were collected and put on Perhaps the most unexpected challenge to see selected objects from this Above The first vial of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine museums to the NHS as display in Medicine: The Wellcome posed to the Science Museum Group’s project on display in the Medicine and to be administered outside clinical trials Galleries at the Science Museum, the Left Emily Lawson, vaccine lead for NHS vaccination and test centres ‘rapid-response’ curatorial team Communities gallery. Central to this England; Julia Knights, deputy director, Group was already taking part in the has been the Covid-19 pandemic. As display is the syringe and vial used to Science Museum; Sir Ian Blatchford, Group nationwide testing and vaccination Britain began to enforce measures to vaccinate Margaret Keenan, the world’s director; Natasha McEnroe, keeper of programmes. Locomotion in Shildon medicine, Science Museum; Felicity Buchan combat the crisis, our curators quickly first person to receive the Pfizer- MP; Oliver Dowden MP, Culture Secretary The Science Museum Group was proud opened as a Covid testing site in From the first lockdown in March 2020, established the Covid-19 Collecting BioNTech vaccine to protect against to be engaged in a busy programme of July 2020, while in March 2021, the Roger Highfield, science director of the Project in an effort to ensure artefacts Covid-19 outside the clinical trials. It activities over the course of the past Science Museum in London opened as a Group, wrote a series of fascinating long- from this important period in history also includes the vial that contained 25-year lifespan and were waiting for year as part of its response to Covid-19, vaccination centre for the NHS Clinical form Q&A blogs about the pandemic, in were acquired by the Group. the first Oxford Astra-Zeneca vaccine our audiences when the Science with a particular focus on improving Commissioning Group for six months. which he interviewed leading scientists to be administered, and examples of Museum reopened its doors in the public understanding and helping the (quotes are highlighted, top left and Since the opening of the Science lectern signage used during the UK spring. The medicine collection in these vaccine rollout. Prior to this, the Science Museum had above). These provided insights into the Museum’s acclaimed Medicine: The government’s press conferences to new Wellcome galleries is one of the hosted the first in a series of three online global research effort, from the use of Wellcome Galleries in November 2019, reinforce public health messaging in finest in the world. Comprising both the vaccine events in February about the modelling and electron microscopy to our curators have sought to expand the their pandemic response. Sir Henry Wellcome Historic Museum growing problem of vaccine hesitancy. the role of organoids in understanding collection of medical-related objects Collection, on loan from Wellcome since This featured a distinguished panel the long-term effects of the disease. to ensure that the latest scientific and It’s been an exciting challenge for the 1979, and the Science Museum’s own of speakers, including Anthony Fauci, biomedical research is captured for curatorial team. When Medicine: The medicine collection, it has more than chief medical adviser to US President Many leading figures took part in the future study and display. In March 2020, Wellcome Galleries opened in November 150,000 objects. It is expanding all the Joe Biden, and Nadhim Zahawi, the UK’s Q&As, including the developers of the the team set up the Covid-19 Collecting 2019 at the end of an eight-year project, time – as the Covid-19 Collecting Project vaccine deployment minister. The talk Oxford-AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Valneva and Project, advised by an external advisory no one could have guessed that their has already demonstrated. was widely reported in the media. Janssen vaccines, Neil Ferguson, head of panel chaired by Julia Knights, deputy first year of opening would be abruptly the Imperial College Covid-19 Response director of the Science Museum. cut short by a global pandemic. The In an accompanying blog, Group curator Team, and Kate Bingham, who chaired carefully planned schedule of public Funders Medicine: The Wellcome Galleries Imogen Clarke looked back at the the UK’s Vaccine Taskforce. A large online The team have been collecting events and learning activities were Title funder Wellcome Supported by National history of vaccine hesitancy, which readership across the world consulted Lottery Heritage Fund Principal sponsor GSK Above Health Secretary Top HRH The Duke of acquisitions on behalf of the nation instead conducted online, while the Major funder The Wolfson Foundation Major Matt Hancock receives Cambridge receives emerged after the first vaccination more than 110,000 words Highfield wrote to reflect the medical, public health, pleasure of seeing our visitors enjoying sponsor Vitabiotics Funders Art Fund, Stavros a first dose of Covid-19 his first dose of against smallpox, carried out by the on the subject for the blogs. In addition industrial and scientific responses the galleries had to be postponed. Niarchos Foundation (SNF) Thanks to Britford vaccine from Jonathan vaccine at the NHS English country doctor Edward Jenner to his Group work, Highfield also advised Bridge Trust, Medical Sciences Historical Society, Van-Tam, deputy chief vaccination centre at to the pandemic. When the Science However, these five vast exhibition Dr Martin Schoernig and an anonymous donor medical officer, at the the Science Museum in 1796, through the lens of the Science the Medical Research Council and the Museum reopened, visitors were able spaces were designed to have a Media partner The Observer Science Museum Museum Group Collection. Academy of Medical Sciences. 21 22
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