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The
Country
Woman Volume 61 No 04 August 2020
1
Country of Study 2020: Ecuador
For all Women of NSW and the ACT
Country Women’s Association of NSW Contacts
State Office State President State Vice President Hospital Support
Level 2, 244 Coward St Stephanie Stanhope Ann Adams, OAM Committee Secretary
Mascot NSW 2020 Ph: 0429 161 038 Ph: 0428 387 753 Susan Hutchison
PO Box 222 president@cwaofnsw.org.au cannoel@bigpond.com Ph: 02 6554 2185
Mascot NSW 1460 susan.hutchison@bigpond.
State Honorary Secretary State Vice President
Ph: 02 8337 0200 com
Margaret Breust Judy Houghton
Fax: 02 8338 1595
secretary@cwaofnsw.org.au Ph: 02 6342 3205 Agricultural &
info@cwaofnsw.org.au
0424 685 789 judy.houghton01@gmail.com Environmental Committee
Honorary Editor Chief Executive Officer Secretary
State Honorary Treasurer
Sue-Ellen Hogan Danica Leys Robin Godwin
Anne Kotz
PO Box 1070 Ph: 02 6888 5647
Ph: 0428 511 948 Cultural Committee
Tamworth NSW 2340 robin.godwin@bigpond.com
treasurer@cwaofnsw.org.au Secretary
sueellen.hogan@gmail.com
0409 929 632 State International Officer Yvonne Davis “The Land” Cookery
Lyn Braico 31 Tripoli Way Committee Secretary
Communications and Albion Park NSW 2527 Mary Hollingworth
Ph: 02 9487 2665
advertising Ph: 02 4256 4541 Ph: 0429 345 255
intl.cwaofnsw@gmail.com
Leah noddydavis54@gmail.com tinkernanny@outlook.com
Ph: 02 8337 0200 State Agricultural &
communications@cwaofnsw. Environmental Officer Show Catering Committee Social Issues Committee
org.au Tanya Jolly Secretary Secretary
Ph: 02 6975 6240 Tracey Bonfante Elizabeth O’Dwyer
Association Patron Ph: 0402 508 856
allawah@bordernet.com.au Ph: 0421 452 646
Her Excellency the tippee165@hotmail.com elizabethmarynash@
Honourable Margaret State Social Issues Officer
Handicraft Committee hotmail.com
Beazley AC QC, Governor of Bronwyn Dunston
Secretary
New South Wales Ph: 02 6576 4070
Pam Wright
bronwyn_dunston@dodo.
Journal Patron Ph: 02 6767 1044
com.au
Mrs Libby Fairfax pamwright23@hotmail.com
1
Cover: Cotopaxi volcano with Frailejón flowers by Dave Lonsdale. Back Cover: Blue-footed booby, Galapagos Islands
►► The Country Woman is the official publication of the Country Women’s Association
Motto
of New South Wales.
Honour to God
►►Average Circulation: 8,099 (September 2019) Loyalty to the Throne
Service to the Country
►►Article Submission Information: Members are welcome to submit articles for
publication. Articles must be received by the 10th day of the month prior to Through Country Women
publication and have a limit of 150 words. Please send articles by email or post to For Country Women
the Editor’s home address. By Country Women
►►The views expressed in The Country Woman are not necessarily the views of
the Association. Acceptance of advertising for The Country Woman does not Photo Guidelines
constitute endorsement of the advertisers’ products or services by the Association.
The contents of this magazine are covered by copyright, but may be reproduced Photos for The Country
by any Country Women’s Association of NSW Branch or Group. The Honorary Woman must be
Editor reserves the right to select and edit materials submitted for publication. No either full sized digital
photos (sent via USB
responsibility can be accepted for loss of photos.
or attached to an
►►Privacy Policy: The Country Women’s Association of NSW collects members’ email) or professionally
personal details and maintains a database in the Association’s office. The Country developed original
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used to assist the Association in providing and enhancing membership services and not suitable.
to refer new members to the Country Women’s Association of NSW. When posting photos
please do not write
info@cwaofnsw.org.au www.cwaofnsw.org.au directly on the back of
photos. You may add
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2 August 2020 The Country Woman
Contents
State President’s Letter 4
Photo by Murray Foubister
CEO’s Report 5
News from State Office 5
News from July Executive 6
Betty Archdale: Leading the way 8
CWA Awareness Week 9
Country of Study: Ecuador 10
Committee Reports
CWA of NSW Policy Motions
14
20
8 10
Advocacy update 23
Microchiropteran Bats 24
Welcome New Members 25
Sudoku 26
Group Conference Dates 26
1
Telstra Update 27
Celebrations 28
Story of the Month
From our Branches
28
29
20 24
From the Editor
I am very pleased, excited and a friend invited me to come along Wanthella Group, with the passing
little nervous to be editing my first to a meeting. I was immediately of our Group President, Betty-Anne
edition of The Country Woman. impressed by the passion, White last month. A CWA member
enthusiasm and community spirit for over 30 years, Betty-Anne was
Firstly, thank you to Past Honorary
of the women in my branch. The a strong leader and passionate
Editor, Noelene Grainger, for her
more I get involved with the about the organisation, the women
support as I transitioned into the
organisation, the more I see these and her community. On a personal
role. Noelene generously shared
attributes in all the CWA women note, Betty-Anne supported my
her knowledge and advice and I
I meet. Editing the Journal this own journey with the CWA, giving
know I have some very big shoes to
month has highlighted the strength me encouragement and guidance
fill.
and resilience of our organisation, as I took on the Branch President
I would also like to thank reading the stories of how branches role. She was thrilled that I was
Communications Coordinator, have continued to support their beginning this role as Honorary
Leah Gaskell, for guiding me communities and each other while Editor. She was a beautiful woman
through the process and answering we have not been able to operate as with a beautiful heart and a
all my strange questions so far! we usually do. beautiful spirit. She will be truly
missed. Vale Betty-Anne White.
I joined the Tamworth Evening Editing my first Journal comes in
Branch three years ago after a the shadow of a great loss for the Sue-Ellen Hogan, Hon Editor
The Country Woman August 2020 3
State President’s Letter
remember that drought assistance support branches show to other
is still much needed in many branches in struggling areas. My
areas. As the new Resilience NSW thanks too to the office staff as they
Commission is set up, I can only have graciously adapted to working
hope that it equally assists those from home, using technology to
affected by pandemics, fire, flood, facilitate the continued smooth
storm and drought, all of which running of the organisation.
have devastated NSW over the past
I am hoping, if everything continues
12 months to some extent or other.
to improve, to recommence
As I sit here writing this, the NSW/ There are no areas that haven’t been
travelling around the state to visit
Victoria border closure has just impacted by at least two of these.
branches and groups, meeting our
been announced and the logistics
It is nice to see that our branches members as they support their
and outcomes of this are still in the
currently have some scope for communities through the current
future.
meeting again face-to-face and challenges. In the meantime, I am
I look back at my last report, in the I know that the friendships and enjoying time with my brand new
midst of the chaos that continues camaraderie will help boost spirits. granddaughter and her brother, and
to be 2020, and a faint glimmer of It has been an enormous delight I am breaking ground today on the
hope is that NSW has marginally to witness the support of our foundations for my new home.
better drought figures, with just members for each other and their
over 5 per cent of the state no longer
affected by drought with more areas
communities. Also the continued
Stephanie
recovering. The drought-affected
area has dropped to 78 per cent CWA of NSW Webinars—watch anytime
and drought and intense drought
now under 12 per cent. This is the GIVIT Webinar—April 2020
glimmer of hope and long-term rain NSW Manager, Scott Barrett, tells how the GIVIT system works, and
predictions offer more with late 1
how your local CWA branch can access this free service, to access goods
winter rain. required by individuals in your communities.
I have watched with amazement as Publicity Webinar—April 2020
people have adapted to COVID-19 in
many varied ways. Zoom meetings Hear from PR company, Seftons, about you can promote your branch
have kept us in touch, sometimes through local media and social media—great for Publicity Officers or
even more than we were before. anyone who wants to learn more about publicity.
Livestream funerals mean more Finance Webinar—May 2020
people at a distance can pay last
respects to friends and colleagues Hear from Brendan Ryan from Advise & Assist (the CWA of NSW’s
than would previously have travelled investment advisor) regarding the organisation’s finances and
to attend a funeral. It is still very investments followed by Q&A with Brendan, the State Honorary
tough for those in close contact Treasurer and members of the State Office team.
though. Businesses have adapted, FRRR—June 2020
such as the NRMA doing pharmacy
The Foundation for Rural & Regional Renewal (FRRR) has distributed
deliveries while not as busy with
nearly $100 million to more than 10,000 projects since 2000 across
road assistance. We are all adapting
rural, regional and remote Australian communities. In this webinar,
to new norms.
FRRR Grants Program Manager, Jacki Dimond, gives tips on planning
But no one can deny the huge your project and writing a successful grant application.
mental challenges many face with
Wild Dog Webinar—July 2020
isolation, job losses, not being able
to plan futures, especially for those Presented by Dr Benjamin Allen, Vice-Chancellor’s Senior Research
just finishing school and university, Fellow (Wildlife Research), University of Southern Queensland. This
and the depression, stress and webinar outlines some of the impacts of wild dogs across the landscape
anxiety that can result from these and focus on improved wild dog controls.
challenges.
All these webinars are available on the downloads section of the website.
COVID-19 support and bushfire Note: video files are large files (200-500MB) if you are on a limited internet
recovery are still obvious targets for plan, please choose the smaller audio file to download (30-50MB).
government assistance but we must
4 August 2020 The Country Woman
CEO’s Report
to the next steps with all motions are also further policy statements
are included in this edition of the outlining specific actions that we
journal. It is important to note that think relevant governments should
no motion was deemed to have lost. take to address this serious issue.
A motion will be deemed to have Once again we will be relying on the
been carried (by a clear majority and branches to assist with conveying
minimal abstentions) so that work our messaging on this and we will
can start on the issue immediately be in touch with media packs and
or it will need to be carried over other useful material soon.
into the 2021 agenda for further
News from Executive from our
discussion.
recent July online meeting is in this
I hope all members are well at this
Moving forward we are all once copy of the journal. Your Group State
challenging time. As I write, it is
again looking forward to CWA Executive Committee member can
heartening to see face-to-face
Awareness Week and the associated help you with any further questions
meeting starting to come back and
campaign for 2020. The year, you may have about this report. If
hopefully we will see a further move
it’s proposed the focus be on you are not sure who your State
towards “normal” over the next
domestic violence. This is an issue Executive Committee member is,
few weeks. During this time we
that affects thousands of families please be in touch with us at State
have been trying to communicate
in NSW each year. In our most Office and we can advise you. At
as much as possible with members
recent member survey, 72 per cent the next State Executive meeting
about what the various COVID-19
of members identified domestic in November, motions for the 2021
related restrictions mean for
violence as a key campaign issue for Conference are considered. If your
branches and groups when they
the organisation. In fact, it topped a branch has a matter they would
are meeting and catering, and
list of advocacy issues for rural and like debated and discussed at
endeavouring to keep you informed
regional NSW. Conference it is important that it
about any changes. Out of necessity,
is taken to your Group Conference
these communications are all done It should also be 1noted that in this
and if passed, your group then gets
via email. Please ensure that if you year’s voting on policy motions,
it in prior to the deadline of the 31st
have an email, and you are not two motions were overwhelmingly
October. There is a guide to writing
receiving these communications endorsed by voting delegates around
policy motions in the Procedures
that you update your contact details action on domestic violence. These
Manual that is very useful to read
with us as soon as you can. were that the CWA of NSW take a
before formulating a motion.
strong stance against domestic
Postal voting has taken place in
violence, and implore members of Danica Leys,
relation to all of the policy motions,
the NSW and Federal Parliament Chief Executive Officer
the vote count and the decision of
to recognise this issue as a national
the State Executive Committee as
emergency requiring action. There
News from State Office
Silver Years and Golden CWA of NSW Member’s The application form and criteria
can be found in the downloads
Years books to download Scholarship section of the website. Applications
The Silver Years book (written in The member’s scholarship is close 30th September.
1947 to celebrate 25 years of CWA of intended to provide training and
NSW) and The Golden Years book development opportunities for up State Education Grants
(written in 1972 to celebrate 50 to five women a year to advance Applications for the State Education
years) are now free to download and particular women’s causes, grants opened on 1 August and close
read. The books are an interesting particularly in regional, rural or on 30 September. Applications are
insight into CWA of NSW history remote areas. Eligibility is limited to to be sent directly to State Office.
and well worth a look. applicants who are active members Please check your Procedures
To download each book go to of the CWA of NSW and who have Manual for information and
www.cwaofnsw.org.au/aboutus held their membership for at least application forms.
three years.
The Country Woman August 2020 5
News from July Executive
Awareness Week important that Procedures Manuals that did not meet this benchmark
are kept up-to-date. will be carried over for the 2021
To be held from 6–13 September
agenda. No motions were deemed
with the theme ‘Domestic Violence’ Property to have been lost. Full results will be
focusing on community discussion,
Potts Point grants were approved placed in the e-news and journal.
policy debate and renewed
for the following branches:
media focus. There are enormous State Conference Format
Coonabarabran Evening, Urunga,
opportunities to advocate for
Goolgowi, Pambula-Merimbula, The format will remain the same
change and better outcomes for both
Bega and Castle Hill (Kenthurst). for next year’s conference with the
victims and families, particularly
A reminder that certain property exception that Cultural, Handicraft,
during the current restrictions
matters that meet criteria (Potts Hospital Support and The Land
and lockdown associated with the
Point grants, loan applications, Cookery Committees have been
COVID-19 pandemic. Further details
selling of property, renovation given permission to open after the
will be sent to branches ASAP.
requests) are now able to be Official Opening and remain open
Committees considered and decided upon during Conference. The other State
by a sub-committee of the Committees are to assess their
The Cultural workshop and
State President, State Honorary opening times after location and
Handicraft workshop have been
Treasurer, CEO and Executive security has been assessed.
cancelled until restrictions and
appropriate distancing are lifted. Assistant. State Raffle 2021
The International Seminar on
Reports from Outside Raffle tickets to be sold online and
Ecuador, scheduled for 8 August,
Organisations by paper ticket sales for next year’s
has also been cancelled. Group
conference. Please support the
International Officers should Please see your State Executive State Raffle as it is the Organising
post Group finalists of the three Committee member for reports Committee’s fundraising source for
sections—dolls, needlecraft and on Lymphoedema Action Alliance, local Conference expenses.
bilums to Lyn Braico by 1 August. SOS Fracture Alliance, Tocal
1 Narrabri Gas
Advisory Council, State Education Grants
CWA of Australia Project, Commonwealth Bank Applicants should use G 21-3-719 to
CWA of Australia provides a Community Council, Endeavour apply for a State Education Grant,
newsletter update which is available Energy Customer Council, National with the application form (and two
to all members. Please provide your Council of Women, Australian letters of recommendation) to be
email address to Adair at State Communication Consumer Action sent directly to State Office by 30
Office if you would like to be added Network (ACCAN), Commonwealth September.
to the mailing list. Day Council and Roundtable on
Aged Care. Treasurer
Drought Aid Donations
Social Issues Committee Please encourage branches to
Over $18 million has been distributed
decide all donations by the end
for drought donations. Due to lack The Social Issues Committee of July and forward to your Group
of funding, applications for drought would like to hear from members Treasurer. If branches/groups wish
will cease soon. if there are any issues in your local to withdraw funds loaned to the
community or beyond that you feel Association, then the cut-off date
Medical Research the Committee can assist with. for notification will be Friday 4
Funding for 2019/2020 will be Particularly issues with Patient September 2020.
given to the University of NSW to Transport Service. Is this service
assist with the team’s research into available in your area? Have you had Interest on loans to the Association,
endometriosis. any issues regarding this service? will be deposited directly to your
Please let the Committee know. bank account on Wednesday, 23
Membership September 2020.
Life Memberships have been State Conference Policy
considered. Full details will be made
Dates for Executive
Motions
available later in the year. Meetings 2021
Postal voting results were
considered and a benchmark of 15-17 February
Procedures Manual
75% in favour combined with a 2 May (pre-conference)
Updates abstention rate of less than 15% was 19-21 July
Updates are now in the dowloads applied to motions that would be 15-17 November
section of the website. It is deemed to have carried. Motions
6 August 2020 The Country Woman
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oaktreegroup.com.au The Country Woman August 2020 7
Betty Archdale: Leading the way
The daughter of a courageous like Eton and Harrow in fostering At a time when
suffragette, Betty Archdale excelled leadership abilities and aiming less than a fifth
in several fields that rarely admitted for university entry—she excelled of the students
women. at sport, became Head Girl and at Sydney
At a time when women were more matriculated with ease. Keen to University
readily praised for domestic virtues broaden her horizons, Betty chose (then the city’s
than academic or professional to study at McGill University in only university)
achievement, Betty Archdale— Montreal, Canada, where she gained were female,
whose papers are in the State a degree in economics and political she described
Library’s collection—brought to the science. On her return to England, her Women’s Second Officer Archdale,
Women’s Royal Naval
conservative heartlands of Sydney a she completed bachelor’s and C o l l e g e Service, c 1939. Courtesy
passionate belief in the importance master’s degrees in international role as “an of State Library of NSW
of women’s education and their role law at London University and was administrator with an academic
in civic life. called to the bar in 1937 (one of only bias” and encouraged the 90
50 women at the time), practising at female residents, from all sorts
In 1958, Archdale was appointed Gray’s Inn until the outbreak of the of backgrounds, to pursue equal
headmistress of Abbotsleigh, an Second World War. opportunities with men in work and
exclusive girls’ school in Wahroonga study.
on Sydney’s north shore, despite Betty travelled to Australia in 1934–
a lack of direct experience in 35, as captain of the first English It was also during this time that Betty
secondary education. Then in her women’s cricket team to tour and her brother, Alec, made the
early 50s, and having excelled in the internationally. The team selectors revolutionary move towards a more
sporting, military and professional saw her as the perfect leader and the self-sufficient lifestyle, building a
spheres, her personal achievements Australian press praised her as a fair rammed-earth house together at
seem a natural outcome of her early and professional player in the wake Galston, north west of Sydney.
upbringing, which was filled with of the acrimonious “Bodyline” series. Through the 1960s and 70s, Betty
strong female role models. She formed enduring friendships became a radio and television
with women she met1 on the tour and
personality and much sought-
Born in London in 1907, Helen who she identified as “independent
Elizabeth (Betty) Archdale was the after social commentator. In active
types”, like Sydney Morning Herald retirement her influence continued
only daughter of famed feminist journalist Kath Commins, Margaret
Helen Archdale. In 1869, her to spread, and she served on the
(Peg) Telfer (later Registrar of the boards of many organisations and
grandmother had been one of the University of Sydney), architect
“Edinburgh Seven”—the first group wrote two books. She received an
Barbara Peden and her sister honorary of Doctor of Letters in
of undergraduate female students to Margaret, captain of the Australian
matriculate to any British university. 1985, was voted a “national living
cricket team from 1934–37. treasure” in 1998, and was elected as
Betty’s godmother was the renowned
suffragette Emmeline Pankhurst and In wartime, Betty served with the one of the first 10 women honorary
Betty’s earliest memories included Women’s Royal Naval Service (the life members of the Lords Cricket
visiting her mother at Holloway “Wrens”) as officer in charge of the Ground by the Melbourne Cricket
Prison when she was jailed for acting first group of telegraphists sent to Ground a year before she died, in
on her suffrage principles. Singapore in 1941. Evacuated just 2000.
before the Japanese invasion, further Betty Archdale made good use of the
Betty attended her mother’s old tours of duty took her to the Middle
school, St Leonard’s, in Scotland— opportunities secured by the first
East, Africa, India, and the Pacific. generation of women’s movement
one of the first girls’ schools to
emulate exclusive boys’ schools Awarded the MBE in 1944 for pioneers—not only through her
her outstanding service, she was exceptional work in women’s
promoted to first officer and sent education and women’s sport but
out to Melbourne in charge of all also by making a niche for herself in
the WRNS stationed in Australia. the wider community. “I just happen
Betty had fully intended to return to to be lucky enough to be able to
England but, realising the struggle follow my own convictions,” she
it would take to establish herself reflected.
as a barrister in post-war London,
Margot Riley, Curator, Research and
cricket alumnus Barbara Peden
Discovery, State Library of NSW.
(now Munro) encouraged her to
Betty Archdale at the wicket, c 1935. Courtesy of
apply for the Principalship of Sydney © State Library of NSW. Printed
State Library of NSW University Women’s College. with permission.
8 August 2020 The Country Woman
CWA Awareness Week
Preparations are underway for this Restrictions and lockdowns related
year’s CWA of NSW Awareness to the COVID-19 pandemic are
Week from Sunday 6 to Sunday 13 thought to have contributed to
September. rates of violence and significantly
reduced victims’ options and ability
This year’s theme to seek help, meaning an awareness
In 2020 we are turning our attention campaign driven by an influential
to the disturbing issue of domestic organisation like ours is all the more
violence, one that has reached timely.
crisis levels in communities across It’s also an issue members have
our state and right across the identified as of particular concern,
nation. Domestic violence was the with our most recent member
issue at the centre of a previous external spokesperson to further
survey showing 72 per cent of
Awareness Week campaign, but highlight our message.
members highlighted domestic
sadly the problem is as devastating violence as a key campaign issue
on society today as it was then,
How you can help
for the organisation and in this
and it’s considered the time is year’s postal voting on future CWA We’ll be undertaking a NSW-
right to inspire further community of NSW policy action, members wide media relations program to
discussion, policy debate and also overwhelmingly endorsed generate media coverage for our
renewed media focus. two motions calling for a stronger Awareness Week theme but as is
stance on domestic violence and the case each year we rely on the
The statistics paint a sobering
more assistance for victims. support of branches to spread the
picture:
message throughout the state.
▪▪ One woman is killed every nine For Awareness Week 2020, CWA of
days and one man is killed every NSW advocacy efforts will centre A briefing kit will be sent to
29 days by a partner. around: branches early August, with
kits including a template media
▪▪ One in six women and one ▪▪ More funding1 for front-line release, media event notification,
in 16 men in Australia have workers and services to assist
backgrounder/fact sheet as well as
experienced physical or sexual victims, particularly in rural and
tips and suggestions for how you
violence from a current or regional areas;
can leverage CWA Awareness Week
previous cohabiting partner. ▪▪ More rehabilitation options for in your local community. Obviously
▪▪ Indigenous women are 32 times perpetrators, particularly in rural any events this year will be dictated
more likely to be hospitalised and regional areas; by restrictions associated with
due to family violence than non- ▪▪ More temporary accommodation COVID-19 so this will need to
indigenous women. options for victims and increased be front of mind when planning
▪▪ Domestic and family violence social housing options that activities.
is the leading cause of provide a more permanent
homelessness for women and accommodation solution for Thank you in advance for your
their children. women and children escaping support and participation in this
violence; and year’s Awareness Week. Together
It’s disturbing to note that since the we can help raise awareness of the
start of this year to the end of May, ▪▪ Future community awareness scourge of domestic violence and
21 Australian women were killed campaigns focused on
advocate on behalf of the thousands
in acts of domestic violence. The addressing attitudes that can
of victims of this national crisis.
NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and lead to violence against women
Research (BOSCAR) data revealed in and children, and programs
June a 4.1 per cent rise in domestic that identify and address these
attitudes in children and young
Garry Prize Essay
violence in the past two years, with
the issue particularly prominent adults. Entries for the Garry Prize are to
in western NSW where the rate of be sent to the Editor, Sue-Ellen
We will be providing all branches
domestic violence-related assault is Hogan by 15th February. The topic
with some practical information to
3.6 times the state average. Service is “Resilience of the Australian
refer to or pass on to others who may
providers say these increased rates people! Drought, bushfires,
need more support, and we’re also
are not due to poverty, race or a coronavirus. Can we bounce back
working with Seftons on partnering
lack of education but rather a lack from these natural disasters?”
with a respected domestic violence
of services to assist both victims Essays are to be 500 words in
support provider and engaging an
and perpetrators. length.
The Country Woman August 2020 9
Country of Study: Ecuador
Ecuador is a country in northwest km in width.
South America and translated
The head of the
from Spanish into English, means
Ecuadoran Government
“equator”. It is one three South
is the President, and the
America countries that the equator
government is divided into
bisects.
the Executive, Legislative
Ecuador is situated along the North- and Judicial branches.
West coast of South America, and The current President of
it borders the countries of Peru Ecuador is Lenin Moreno,
and Columbia. Ecuador’s capital is who has been in power
Quito which is less than 15 miles since 24 May 2017. Ecuador
from the equator. The Galapagos is divided into 32 limited,
Islands are considered a province self-governing council
of Ecuador. The islands are located areas (administrative
in the Pacific Ocean, approximately subdivisions) and
600 miles off the Ecuadorian comprised of seven regions
coast. Ecuador is divided into 24 with administrative cities
provinces. Its three largest cities in Ibarra, Tena, Riobamba,
are Guayaquil, Quito and Cuenca. Ciudad Alfaro, Milagro,
With the Andes Mountains and the Cuenca, and Loja). Ecuador
Galapagos Islands, Ecuador is one is a member of the United
of the top tourist destinations in Nations, Organization of
South America. American States (OAS),
the Colonial Period, the War of
and World Trade Organization
Ecuador is the 9th largest country Independence, Gran Colombia, and
(WTO). In 2008, Ecuador was the
in South America and comprises Simón Bolívar the final separation of
first country to recognise Rights of
about 2 per cent of the continents 1 his vision into what is known today
Nature or “ecosystem rights”.
land area. It shares its northern as the Republic of Ecuador.
border with Columbia, eastern and The official currency of Ecuador is
Prior to the invasion of the Inca,
southern border with Peru with the the US Dollar. It replaced the Sucre
the indigenous societies of Ecuador
Pacific Ocean on the west. It shares in 2000.
had complex and diverse social,
the Amazon river with Peru, Brazil
The History of Ecuador extends cultural, and economic systems. The
and Columbia. The country has
over an 8,000-year period. During ethnic groups of the central Sierra
2,239km of coastline and over 2,000
this time, a variety of cultures and were generally more advanced in
rivers and streams. From north to
territories influenced what has organising farming and commercial
south (vertical measurement), the
become the Republic of Ecuador. activities, and the peoples of the
country measures about 450 km in
The history can be divided into six Coast and the Oriente generally
length and between 40 km and 241
eras: Pre-Columbian, the Conquest, followed their lead, coming to
specialise in processing local
Photo by Bernard Gagnon
materials into goods for trade.
The Inca empire expanded into what
later became Ecuador during the
reign of Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui,
who began the northward conquest
in 1463. He gave his son Topa
control of the army, and Topa
conquered the Quitu and continued
coastward. Upon arriving, he
undertook a sea voyage to either
the Galápagos or the Marquesas
Islands. Upon his return, he was
unable to subdue the people of Puná
Island and the Guayas coast. His
son Huayna Capac, however, was
able to subsequently conquer these
Inca Ruins: The Temple of the Sun, Ingapirca, Cañar peoples, consolidating Ecuador
10 August 2020 The Country Womaninto “Tawantinsuyu”, the Inca
Empire.
Many tribes resisted the
imperial encroachment,
in particular the Cañari in
the south, near modern-
day Cuenca, and the Caras
and the Quitu in the North.
However, the Inca language
and social structures came
to predominate, particularly
in the Sierra. To reduce the
opposition to their rule, one
of the Inca’s tactics included
first rebellion against Spanish rule Incan language—is spoken by the
uprooting groups of Quechua-
took place in 1809 but only in 1822 Indian population. Besides Spanish,
speakers loyal to the empire and
did Ecuador gain independence ten native languages are spoken in
resettling them in areas that offered
as part of the Federation of Gran Ecuador. English is the most spoken
resistance, a system called mitma.
Colombia, from which it withdrew foreign language amongst tourism
The Saraguros in Loja province
in 1830. A long period of conflict and service providers and professionals.
may have their origin from mitmas
instability followed, caused mainly
relocated from other parts of the Ecuador’s economy is mainly based
by struggles between conservative
Inca Empire. on mining, agriculture and fishing.
and liberal elements, clerical and
The mining and exporting of oil
The first Spanish settlement in anticlerical movements, and large
have played a dominant role in
Ecuador was established in 1534 at landowners and owners of small
the country’s economy since the
Quito on the site of an important farms and plantations. The country
early 1970s. Recent years have seen
Incan town of the same name. was run by dictators and the army
Ecuador’s economy depend more
Another settlement was established played an important role in internal
and more on the export of cocoa
four years later near the river politics. During the first century
and bananas, of which Ecuador is
Guayas in Guayaquil. Expeditions of its independence, Ecuador had
1 the world’s largest exporter and has
initiated by Francisco Pizarro, changed its constitutions 13 times
been for several decades.
who discovered and occupied and only a small number of its
Peru, founded the settlements presidents had managed to serve a Ecuador has substantial petroleum
and extended Spanish rule over full four-year term. resources, which accounted for 40
the highland basins and coastal per cent of the country’s export
The economic development
lowlands. Ecuador was part of the income and one-fourth of central
associated with the cocoa boom
Viceroyalty of Peru until 1740, when government budget revenues in
at the end of the 19th and the
it was transferred to the Viceroyalty recent years. As a result fluctuations
first quarter of the 20th century
of New Granada (together with in world market prices can have a
helped to perk up and stabilise the
Colombia and Venezuela). With substantial domestic impact.
country’s administration despite
hardly any gold or silver, Ecuador did
the recurrent turnover in rulers—18 Until the 1950s Ecuador had few
not draw many Europeans settlers
presidents between 1897 and 1934 industries. Those that did exist
throughout the Spanish colonial
and 25 presidents between 1934 and were engaged mainly in processing
period, which lasted until 1822. The
1988. agricultural products and the
manufacture of textiles, leather
The first thing
Photo by “Taty2007”
products and some consumer
to realise about
goods. The manufacture of straw
Ecuadorian culture
hats was the main export industry.
is that it is not
one single culture. Industry has been developing
Instead it is a whole since the late 1950s and especially
range of cultures since the mid-1970s. In addition to
mingled together, much wider activities in processing
representing agricultural, marine and forest
every level of this products, there are modern textile,
very stratified chemical, petrochemical, electronic,
community. steel, shipbuilding and building-
material industries. Guayaquil
Ecuador’s official
and its environments is the main
Carondelet Palace—official residence and principal workplace of the language is Spanish,
industrial centre, with Quito being
President of Ecuador, Quito but Quichua—an
The Country Woman August 2020 11the second most importance. As with many other places
Photo by Murray Foubister
Nearly three-quarters of Ecuador’s in the world, Christmas
industry is concentrated in this is celebrated in Ecuador.
network of urban communities. If you want the best and
most original Christmas
Small quantities of gold, silver,
celebration, you should
copper and zinc are produced. The
go to Cuenca on the 24th
country is known to have deposits
December where the Pase
of uranium, iron ore, lead and coal.
Del Nino is held.
The Afro-Ecuadorians that are
With the Andes Mountains
present in Ecuador today are
and the Galapagos Islands,
famous for their marimba music
Ecuador is considered
and many music and dance festivals.
one of the top tourist Squirrel monkeys near the Napo River, Yasuni National Park
Long before the Spanish conquered
destinations in South
Ecuador and even before the rise
America. Yet, compared with it’s is of 22ºC. The winter lasts from
of Incan civilisation, the diverse
neighbours, Ecuador is a “lesser December to May and the summer
native cultures of the region had
travelled” destination on this from June to December. The warm
rich musical traditions. Music
continent which means that many current known as Niño Stream
played an important role in the
parts of the country have been causes an increase in rainfall rates
ancient Andean people’s lives and
undiscovered and unspoiled by between January and May.
archaeologists have found some
masses of foreign visitors. The Sierra Region—Those who have
very old instruments, such as,
drums, flutes, trumpets and other Ecuador is divided into four never visited Ecuador often imagine
musical artifacts, in ancient tombs. geographic regions: the Coast, it as a jungle land that is in the
comprising just over a quarter of the middle of the world, however, the
The Ecuadorians have a distinctive
country; the Sierra, which extends “Cordillera de los Andes” represents
type of dress code. The men and
in a double row of mountains and a a large area of the country, with
especially the woman in each region
narrow uninhabited plateau known volcanoes rising to the sky, the
of Ecuador and the Galapagos
as the inter-Andean valley; the Cordillera divides the Ecuador into
Islands can be easily identified
East or Amazon region, east of the two wooded plains with a narrow
by their dress as it is displays 1
Andes; and the Insular region, aka intermediate strip bordered by the
specific cultural diversities that “Avenue of the Volcanoes.”
the Galapagos.
are characteristic of that particular
region. A major aspect of Indian The Coast is a region that is located Here, one can find flora and fauna
identity is present in Ecuador. to the west of the Cordillera de los of indescribable richness that have
People that are familiar with the Andes and is crossed from north adapted to the low temperatures,
native dress can often tell roughly to south by a mountainous chain the strong winds, the intense
where a person is from, based on of minor height, full of extensive ultraviolet radiance, the rain, the
what they wear. alluvial plains. The Ecuadorian hail, the snow and the great heights.
Coast is formed by three main In the Sierra, the rainy season
Ecuador has some very tasty and
ecosystems: the tropical rainforests or winter lasts from October
very strange combinations in their
of the north, the tropical savannas to May, with an average annual
cuisine. You can expect to find some
of the central and southwest temperature that varies from 12ºC
lemon marinated shrimps, toasted
regions and the dry forest of the to 18ºC. However, the daily variation
corn on the cob and a huge variety
western and southern peninsula. can be extreme, with very hot days
of pastries filled with all types of
different stuffing. Along the coastal littoral are and very cold nights. And yet, some
two distinguished people refer to the climate of the
Photo by Murray Foubister
additional ecosystems Sierra as an “eternal spring”.
characterised by their The Ecuadorian Amazon extends
animal and vegetable over an area of 120,000 km² (74,564
communities: the miles²) of exuberant vegetation
entrances of mangrove typical of tropical rainforests.
and other areas, The Andes Cordillera forms the
and the beaches western boundary of this region,
and cliffs known for while Peru and Colombia form the
their peculiar rock southern and eastern boundaries
formations. respectively. The Amazonian rivers
The average have washed from the Andes a
temperature that great amount of materials, forming
Galapagos Giant Tortoise, Santa Cruz, Galapagos Islands prevails in the Coast alluvial soils and terraces that are
12 August 2020 The Country Womanused for agriculture. and dormant volcanoes, and 26 include high fertility rates, lack
pristine beaches. of access to contraceptives and
The average annual temperature
prenatal care, sexual harassment
ranges from 24°C to 25°C. Although For visitors preferring to explore
in the workplace, and domestic
the months of December to cities and towns, Ecuador offers
violence (Ecuador Gender Review).
February are the driest, throughout many rich and diverse cathedrals
Domestic violence is a particularly
the year they are evenly distributed like the Metropolitan Cathedral in
pervasive problem; 42-60 per
of 300 cm (118 inches) and 400 cm Quito, monasteries such as the one
cent of Ecuadorian women have
(157 inches) of rain. at San Augustine, as well as plazas
been victims of domestic violence,
such as Plaza de San Francisco
A visit to the Galapagos Islands despite the 1995 Law Against
in Quito, palaces such as Palacio
means exploring nature in its Violence Affecting Women and
Arzobispal and historical parks like
pristine, purest state. So much Children, which criminalised
Guayaquil Historical Park.
so that they motivated the young spousal abuse, created family
English naturalist Charles Darwin, Women in Ecuador are generally courts, and gave legal support to
who visited the islands in 1835, to responsible for the upbringing victims of sexual harassment in the
write his famous book entitled The and care of children and families; workplace. Additionally, women
Origin of Species and the world has traditionally, men have not taken receive only 65 per cent of the pay
not been the same since. an active role. Ever more women received by men for equal work.
have been joining the workforce,
Located at 1,000 km (621 miles), However, many advances have also
which has resulted in men doing
far from the coast of Ecuador, been made. The establishment of
some housework and becoming
this mysterious and fascinating comisarias de la mujer, or police
more involved in the care of their
archipelago is composed of 13 stations for women, has provided
children. This change has been
large islands, six small islands and women with an alternative to
greatly influenced by Eloy Alfaro’s
more than 40 islets. The entire remaining in an abusive home
liberal revolution in 1906, in which
archipelago has a total length of (Ecuador Gender Review). By 2004,
Ecuadorian women were granted
8,010 km (4,977 miles). there were over 320 organisations in
the right to work.
Ecuador focusing on the economic,
A large part of the archipelago is
Ecuador was the first Latin social and political advancement
south of the Equator where several
American country to grant women of women. The most prominent of
marine currents converge. In short,
the right to vote in
1 1929. these, the government-sponsored
the Galapagos are the fusion of all
National Commission on Women
the elements necessary to create a Girls tend to be more protected
(CONAMU), focuses on equal
zoological, botanical and geological by their parents than boys, due to
opportunities, public policy toward
wonder at the same time. traditional social structures. At
women, and providing loans for
age 15, girls often have traditional
The islands emerged from the women-owned businesses.
parties called fiesta de quince años.
Pacific Ocean five million years ago,
Quinceañera is the term used for While Ecuadorian women have
as a result of underwater volcanic
the girl, not the party. The party come a long way in the last hundred
eruptions. It is the lava formations
involves festive food and dance. years in the social, economic, and
and the volcanic rock that gives
This coming of age or debutante political spheres, they still face
tourists the impression of being “in
party is a tradition found in most many problems in each of these
another world” when they visit the
Latin American countries. areas. Legal rights have not always
Galapagos.
translated to practical freedoms, and
Despite the many legal advances
Ecuador boasts some of the tallest rural women are disproportionately
that Ecuadorian women have gained
mountains on the South American affected by these issues. However,
over the past century, many social
continent and is home to two World as Ecuadorian women increasingly
problems continue to face women
Heritage Sites, 11 national parks, hold political office, work outside
in Ecuador today, especially in rural
nine national ecological reserves, of the home and seek redress for
areas. Examples of such problems
four biological reserves, 31 active the problems that oppress them,
there is hope that they will
attain greater equality and
influence in the future.
Photo by Rinaldo Wurglitsch
Sources:
https://library.brown.edu/
https://www.ecuador.com/
https://en.wikipedia.org/
https:// blog.tours4fun.
com/ecuadors-gorgeous-
regions
Quilatoa lake, Cotopaxi region
The Country Woman August 2020 13International Report
It is with a heavy heart that due to judging for the International sent in their coupons. Your refund
the current changes in the COVID-19 Dolls, Needlecraft and Bilums will cheque will be attached to your
health crisis throughout NSW and now take place in Sydney. Group booklet. Booklet are due back from
ACT, our International Committee International Officers will need to printer on or before 1 August, 2020,
have made the disappointing post group finalists of these three so once I have them here, I will send
decision to cancel our International sections to me by 1 August, 2020. refund and book to you ASAP. We
Seminar in Dubbo, 8 August, 2020. My postal address is PO Box 2182, will post the books back addressed
Normanhurst, NSW 2076. Winning to you, via your Branch, as noted on
We are now working on a virtual
items for all PNG International your Registration Coupon. If this is
webinar on the same day with
competitions will be photographed not convenient for you, please email
the Ecuador Embassy and the
and published in the Country me your alternative postal address
Ecuadorian presenters so that all
Woman Journal and on our CWA of ASAP.
the information planned for the
NSW website in the coming months.
seminar will be available to members Please accept my humble apologies,
It is extremely disappointing for
throughout NSW and ACT. however, the International
everyone not to be able to personally
Committee and I feel that we
Also planned are further Zoom showcase these beautiful entries,
have the responsibility to you and
information sessions and however, circumstances are all out
your family, our members and all
International newsletters to engage of our control at this moment in
their communities to take this
members with the Ecuadorian time.
unprecedented action at this stage.
Community. As more information
Members who have registered for
on these initiatives comes to hand, Look forward to talking with you
the Dubbo International Seminar
we will let you know. soon.
will be refunded all their monies
As the International Competition except for $20.00 per payment. This Lyn Braico,
entries for the previous Country will cover the cost and postage of State International Officer
of Study, Papua New Guinea, were the Ecuador Seminar booklet which
to be displayed at this Seminar, will be posted to1all members who
Handicraft Report
At last we are returning to some Now, I would like to welcome three a testing day can be arranged.
normality in our lives. It is so nice new ladies to the Committee,
Just a reminder to please
to be able to socialise with friends namely Ruth Shanks AM, Denise
read the 2020/2021 Schedule
and attend meetings. You don’t Turnbull and Lyn Grady. I hope
thoroughly before entering your
realise how much you take things these ladies will enjoy their time
items to make sure they comply
for granted until it is taken away with us.
with all requirements. It is very
from you.
At the AGM I was returned as disappointing to have an item
The Handicraft Committee held Chairperson, Pam Wright agreed to disqualified if it does not comply.
their AGM via Zoom on 16th June, be Secretary for a further 12 months Also, don’t forget the items that
2020. This year we lost three very even though her three years was up would have been entered in the
capable and valuable members from and Trudi Tritschler was returned 2019/2020 Competition, which was
the Committee, namely Sandra as Treasurer. Sandy Tebbet was cancelled, are also eligible to enter
Hunter, Ailsa Stewart and Leona elected as Shop Convenor and Anne in the 2020/2021 Competition.
Steen. I, for one, am very sorry to Williamson is Workshop Convenor.
The Committee will be meeting
see them leave. Both Sandra and
The Handicraft Committee is very again in September and all being
Ailsa’s knowledge of handicraft was
short on judges, especially in the well we will be able to meet face-
of so much help to the Committee
South Coast and Far South Regions. to-face at State Office.
and Leona did a great job as our
If there is anyone from these areas
Shop Convenor. On behalf of all the Stay safe and be happy.
interested in sitting first for their
Committee I would like to sincerely Diana Frost,
Proficiency Certificate and then
thank these three ladies for all their
their Judges Badge, please contact Chairperson
work and time they have given to
our Secretary, Pam Wright, so that
the Handicraft Committee.
14 August 2020 The Country WomanShow Catering at State Office. Meantime we all
We held our AGM via Zoom on 1 July of CWA blue and yellow colours.
and the following were elected: An example pattern and picture appreciate our new found lockdown
is below this report. Thank you in skills such as Zoom meetings. Every
Chairman: Rowena Casey
anticipation and happy knitting! cloud has a silver lining!
Secretary: Tracey Bonfante
Treasurer: Lynne White The Committee will meet again in Rowena Casey,
Volunteer Supervisor: Cheryl February 2021, hopefully this time Chairperson
Mayberry
Congratulations were extended Pocket Koala for 2022 Easter Show
to Margaret Breust who has been
8 ply yarn—No 9 (3.75) needles
a very energetic member of our
Committee. Margaret’s departure Stocking Stitch for face and jumper, Garter Stitch
now brings the Committee for pants.
numbers down to 12; however, we Cast on and cast off loosely.
are hopeful there will be some more Grey—Cast on 14 stitches, Stocking Stitch 18 rows
nominations and that we can get Light Blue or Gold—Cast on 5 stitches at beginning
our numbers up to the required 17. of next two rows. Knit 8 rows
Various jams and pickles which had Cast off 5 stitches at beginning of next two rows.
been made for the 2020 Show and Knit 2 rows
which had accumulated at State Dark Blue—Knit 12 rows. Then on first 7 stitches
Office have been sold with the knit 25 rows. Leave on spare needle. Repeat on next
Committee particularly grateful to 7 stitches. Knit across all stitches. Knit 12 rows
Diana Whitton of Mascot Evening Light Blue or Gold—Knit 2 rows, Cast on 5 stitches
Branch for her efforts in this regard. at beginning of next two rows. Knit 8 rows. Cast off
Diana has raised over $2,500—thank 5 stitches at beginning of next two rows
you Diana. Grey—Knit 18 Rows. Cast off.
We are hoping to put together a Sew up inside leg,1 side seams, arms and sides of
special “CWA Centenary Showbag” head.
for the 2022 Royal Easter Show and Fill through top of head. Sew across head corners
are now asking members if they for ears then across top of head.
could knit a CWA koala for us for Run thread around neck and draw up firmly
the bag. We would like a mini koala, Embroider face in black and “CWA” on chest.
no more than 6 inches/15 cm in
length with a grey head and body Tie—Crochet a chain and tie around neck. Attach to back of head.
The Land Cookery Report
Look at what we all have achieved in Another hint for the Tarragon Jelly, only your branch members.
this COVID-19, whether it has been which is in the recipe, is to put fresh When filling your jars, especially
cleaning out cupboards, gardening, tarragon in a little orange juice in chutney, jars should be well-filled to
or, as I see on Facebook, some the freezer. Oranges are at their best allow for shrinkage of the contents.
fantastic cooking. now. Maybe you have a few sprigs
I know a lot of branches have a day
It’s so good to see members trying left on your bush but not ready to
to do all their cooking to be judged,
the new recipes. There have been make jelly just yet.
ready to go to group. That makes a
some lovely examples of the Cherry The Banana Bread challenge is on. lot of cooking to be done for a one-
Blush Cake. The best way to stop the If you missed it in the last journal, day competition. Our branch has a
cherries sinking is to wash, dry, than the challenge is to see which branch couple of items judged throughout
add a little flour from your amount in the state can produce the most the year at each meeting. We always
before adding into your mixture. This Bannana Bread entries for their have the pudding and fruit cake
cake is a special 70 year recognition branch competition. I will recognise for our October and November
of The Land Sponsorship (for one this at the State Conference. I have meeting, this way we have it for our
year only). had some great feedback so far, Christmas baking.
The Carrot and Ginger loaf has been keep it up. Remember that anyone
can enter The Land Cookery Denise Hawdon,
popular also—make sure it has the
lemon icing for your competition. competition so it doesn’t have to be Chairperson
The Country Woman August 2020 15You can also read
