2017 Competition figures - Deutsche Bahn AG
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Publishing details
2017
Competition figures
Deutsche Bahn AG
Economic, Political &
Regulatory Affairs
Potsdamer Platz 2
10785 Berlin
No liability for errors or omissions
Last modified: May 2018
www.deutschebahn.com/en/group/
competition
year's level. For DB's rail network, the
result of these trends was a slight 0.5%
increase in operating performance. The
numerous competitors, who are now
well established in the market, once
again accounted for a considerable
share of this.
Forecasts anticipate a further increase
in traffic over the coming years. To
accommodate this growth while making
a substantial contribution to saving the
environment and protecting the
climate, DB is investing heavily in a
Dear readers, modernised and digitalised rail net-
work. Combined with the rail pact that
The strong economic growth in 2017 we are working toward with the Federal
gave transport markets in Germany and Government, this will create a positive
Europe a successful year, with excellent competitive environment for the rail-
performance in passenger and freight ways so that they can help tackle the
sectors alike. Rail was the fastest- transport volumes of tomorrow with
growing mode of passenger transport high-capacity, energy-efficient,
in Germany. Rising passenger numbers high-quality services.
in regional, local and long distance
transport led to substantial growth in Sincerely,
transport volume. In the freight mar-
ket, meanwhile, only road haulage was
able to capitalise on rising demand.
Among rail freight companies, the
volume sold remained at the previous
2 3
Contents Contents
03 Preface 24 Infrastructure
24 Use of the rail network
04 Contents in Germany
27 Modernisation of the
06 Passenger transport German rail network
06 German market
10 Long-distance rail passenger 32 Transport performance data
transport in Germany since 2012 at a glance
12 Regional and local rail 32 Passenger transport
passenger transport 33 Freight transport
in Germany 34 Infrastructure
14 European rail passenger
transport
16 Freight transport
16 Total market in Germany
20 Rail freight transport
in Germany
22 European rail freight
transport
4 5
Passenger transport
German market in 2017
Rising employment and higher disposable incomes bolstered
demand for passenger transport in Germany. However, the
various modes of transport grew at different rates.
Growth continued: Transport transport. Private motorised
volume in the German passenger transport was up 1.0%, while 2016 2017
transport declined by Transport volume in Germany
transport market rose by 1.0% public road transport stagnated. (in billion passenger kilometres)
0.1 percentage points to 6.3%.
in 2017. Rising fuel prices and Air travel declined by 0.4%.
The shares of rail (8.4%) and Motorised private transport 965.5 975.2
inflation acted as a brake on this
air travel (0.9%) in the modal Rail passenger transport 95.9 97.5
upward trend. Road with highest market
split were unchanged.
share: Private motorised trans- Public road transport 72.9 72.9
Rail grew fastest: With a 1.7% port increased its share of the
Air travel (domestic in Germany) 10.4 10.4
rise in transport volume, rail was modal split by 0.1 percentage
the fastest-growing mode of points to 84.4%. Public road Total 1144.7 1156.0
6 7
Passenger transport
Jahreszahl ergänzen,
Personenkilometer streichen,
Long-distance bus travel in Market development in passenger
decline: For the first time since dagrowth
transport keineyear
Angaben
on year andin km
modal split in 2017 (based on transport
markets were liberalised, the
volume)
number of long-distance bus
users fell in 2017 by 0.8% to
22.8 million. The transport
volume declined by 4.8%.
FlixBus still market leader:
Deutsche Touring became
insolvent in 2017 and FlixBus
took over the Hellö long-distance +1.7 %
bus subsidiary of Austrian +1.0 % +1.0 %
Federal Railways. Hellö entered
the German market in 2016.
-0.4 % +0.0 %
FlixBus has a market share of
over 90%.
Total Rail Air PMT PRT
Ongoing trend: The transport
volume is expected to rise by a 6.3
1)
0.9
PRT Air
further 1.2% in 2018, but this 8.4
rise is expected to slow down Rail
somewhat from 2019 onwards.
For rail transport, the Federal
Ministry of Transport and Digital %
Infrastructure forecasts further
above-average growth, especially
1)
Public
road transport
in long-distance transport. 2)
Private
84.4
PMT 2) motorised transport
8 9
Passenger transport Passenger transport
Long-distance rail in Germany in 2017
Long-distance trains competing expanding its long-distance
successfully: In 2017, non- transport offering from road
subsidised long-distance passen- (FlixBus) to rail. The company
ger rail transport performed well sees the digitalisation of
in the intense competition with traditional modes of transport as
other transport modes. Supply the key to success. Services are
and demand for rail travel are operated by other companies
both rising. with which FlixMobility has
signed cooperation agreements.
New competition on the rail days following the launch in be operating two additional ICE
network: In the long-distance Higher passenger numbers December 2017, more than a Sprinter services between Berlin
market, Locomore has launched increased capacity utilisation million passengers have travelled and Munich and introducing
a new connection between Stutt- at DB Long Distance: DB's ICE, between the two cities. the latest generation of trains,
gart and Berlin. Following Loco- IC and EC trains carried 142.2 the ICE 4, to the market. This
more’s insolvency, the business million passengers in 2017, up Train travel as an alternative to will allow DB to offer 3,000
was taken over by the rail com- 2.3%. The trains' average passen- flying: Today, 40% of travellers additional seats a day.
pany Leo Express. Tickets are ger load factor rose to 55.5% between Berlin and Munich take
sold by FlixTrain. In addition, (2016: 52.9%). Transport volume the train. This makes DB Long Focus on protecting the
FlixTrain has been offering ser- at DB Long Distance increased Distance’s trains more popular climate: In 2017, DB Long
vices on the Cologne–Hamburg by 2.6%. than flying (35%), driving (20%) Distance operated some 75% of
route since March 2018. or taking the bus (5%). journeys using renewable energy.
BahnTouristikExpress (BTE) Increase in services generated For 2018, the figure will be
is responsible for operations. demand: The number of More capacity from the 2018 100%. New trains increase
passengers on the newly opened timetable change: Starting from energy efficiency. The ICE 4 con-
Success through digitalisation: Berlin–Munich high-speed line the December timetable change sumes some 22% less energy per
With FlixTrain, FlixMobility is has doubled. In the first 100 in 2018, DB Long Distance will seat than a comparable ICE 1.
10 11
Passenger transport
24 competitive tenders: Client reservations in regional and
bodies concluded 24 contract local transport and the expan-
award procedures in 2017. Some sion of Wi-Fi in cooperation
75 million train kilometres per with local authorities.
year were awarded. DB Regio
won 14 contracts, encompassing
around 55.5 million train
Regional train services ordered
kilometres a year.
(in million train kilometres)
Regional and local rail in Germany in 2017 Services also divided up into
different contracts: In the Deutsche Bahn
past, local authorities generally Competitors
requested integrated bids % Competitors’ market share
German market remains attrac- their market share of the combining vehicle procurement in percent
tive: The German market for transport volume provided in and financing, fleet manage-
regional and local rail passenger regional and local rail passenger ment, operation, maintenance
transport will continue to grow in transport in 2017. The market and sales. Increasingly, calls
the coming years, remaining one share was 33.2%, compared for tender are being issued for
33.2 %
of the most appealing in Europe. to 32.9% in 2016. individual services, including
Increasing provision of regionali- pure train operation.
2017 447 222
sation funding is creating stability. DB Regio carried more
32.9 %
Numerous competitors have be- passengers: The company DB Regio aims to remain
come established market players. successfully defended its market market leader: Success
2016 447 219
position with a 2.7% increase in depends on competitive costs,
29.2 %
Competitors increasing market passenger numbers. The aim growth in the maintenance
share: DB Regio's competitors remains to defend existing market segment and innovation.
2015 463 191
saw a moderate expansion in networks and win new ones. Examples include seat
12 13
Passenger transport Passenger transport
European rail passenger transport in 2017
Positive environment for Poland, France and the Czech
European transport markets: Republic led the way: The
Rising employment and largest growth was recorded by
disposable incomes bolstered the Polish PKP (+9.8%) and the
demand for transport services French SNCF (+6.4%). The Czech
in 2017. Rail is benefiting from CD achieved a gain of 5.4%.
rising fuel prices.
High-speed traffic was the
Substantial growth in rail: driver: Growth in Poland was
In European passenger rail, primarily attributable to the
transport volume rose 4.0% flourishing high-speed services
in 2017 (2016: +1.5%). offered by PKP Intercity. SNCF
Performance of rail passenger transport in Europe in 2017
(based on transport volume, percentage change year on year)
+9.8 %
+6.4 %
+5.4 % benefited from the opening of tent of market opening.
+3.8 % two new high-speed lines. This is despite the fact that
+3.0 % +3.1 %
+2.6 %
k
B ar consistent measures to
DS enm
Liberalisation tapping liberalise markets tend to
D
market potential: There result in above-average growth
–0.7 %
SN ium
DB ny
NF in
SB nd
PK nd
CD ic
CF e
are large differences between in transport volume. Finland
SN ranc
l
RE Spa
ub
a
1
la
la
CB
²
E
B
P
rm
lg
Po
er
ep
Be
F
Ge
tz
national passenger rail markets has announced market opening
hR
i
Sw
ec
Cz
1)
As of June 2017 2)
Excluding Arriva, including DB Bahn Italia across Europe in terms of the ex- for 2020.
14 15
Freight transport Freight transport
German market in 2017
The freight transport market
grew, particularly due to
increasing road haulage. Rail
freight transport remained at
the previous year's level.
Strong economic growth
increased freight transport:
The strongest economic growth for
six years (2.5%) meant that 2017
was another successful year for
the German freight market.
Booming freight transport: Robust
domestic demand and, in particular,
the boom in foreign trade meant
that the growth in transport volume
accelerated again on the previous
year. Transport volume increased
by 1.8% (2016: +1.0%) from 655.9
billion tonne-kilometres (2016) to
667.7 billion tonne-kilometres.
16 17
Freight transport
Further rise in truck transport: Freight railways match
This development was driven by previous year's performance:
road haulage. Transport by truck At 116.2 billion tonne-kilo
was up by an above-average 2.6%. metres in 2017, the transport
As a result, road haulage was able volume in rail freight remained
to expand its market position for at the level of 2016. Amid Modal split
the fourth consecutive year and growth in the market as a (based on transport volume)
achieved a 71.7% share of the whole, this meant that rail was
total market (2016: 71.1%). unable to maintain its market 8.2
2.7
Inland
share. The railways’ share of the Pipelines
waterways
total freight market fell from
17.7% (2016) to 17.4% (2017). 17.4
Rail
Development of the German freight transport market
(billion tonne-kilometres, percentage change year on year) %
+1.8 %
71.7
Road
655.9 667.7 +2.6 %
466.6 478.7
Positive outlook for 2018: For Weaker growth forecast for
the coming year, the authors of subsequent years: According
–3.0 % a study prepared on behalf of to the study, both modes of
0.0 % +0.5 % the Federal Office for Goods transport will continue to grow
116.2 116.2 Transport expect gains of 1.6% in the years that follow, but
54.3 54.6 in road haulage and 1.5% in rail at a declining rate. The study
18.8 18.2
freight transport. anticipates considerably weaker
2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 growth for the period to 2021.
Total market Rail transport Pipelines Road transport (truck) Inland navigation
18 19Freight transport Freight transport
Rail freight transport in Germany in 2017 essential to both the economy companies: The Master Plan
and the climate. Freight trains comprises measures to increase
reduce the number of trucks on infrastructure capacity, boost
Challenging market environ- the road and have a smaller car- innovation in rail freight and
ment: Rail freight transport in bon footprint than road haulage. reduce the burden imposed by
Germany was faced with two taxes and charges – for example,
adverse developments in 2017. Good for the environment: Rail by cutting track access charges.
The volume of goods particularly freight transport consumes only A more competitive rail freight
suited to transport by rail, such a third of the energy of road haul- industry will be able to play a
as coal, mineral oil and chemical Development at DB Cargo and other freight age, meaning it can better sup- bigger part in the growth of
operating companies
products, declined. Meanwhile, (transport volume in billion tonne-kilometres) port climate policy targets. Rail the future.
one-off effects due to storms and freight companies are equipping
the seven-week closure of the their wagons with quiet brakes to
Deutsche Bahn
European corridor between halve noise emissions from rail
Competitors
Karlsruhe and Rastatt in late traffic by 2020. Two-thirds of the
% Competitors’ market share
summer prevented better results. in percent DB Cargo fleet was already run-
ning on quiet brakes in 2017
Stable volume in rail freight (44,000 out of 64,000 wagons).
transport: The intramodal trend
of recent years continued in Improved environment for rail
2017. Despite weaker growth 41.8 %
in sight: In the future, rail freight
than in the previous year, DB Car- transport will be able to make
go's competitors increased their 2017 67.6 48.6 better use of its strengths when
transport volume by 2.5% from the Rail Freight Master Plan,
40.9 %
47.5 billion tonne-kilometres to agreed in 2017 between the
48.6 billion tonne-kilometres, 2016 68.6 47.5
Federal Ministry of Transport and
reaching a market share of 41.8%. the industry, is put into practice.
39.1 %
Strategic importance: Rail Increasing capacity and
2015 71.0 45.6
freight transport remains reducing the burden on rail
20Freight transport Freight transport
Development of selected freight operating companies in Europe 1)
(based on transport volume, percentage change year on year)
+12.2 % +11.8 %
+9.2 % +8.7 %
o
Ca any
SK kia
rg
o
Z a
Ca
rg
DB erm
ZS lova
LD tvi
+0.8 % +0.7 %
La
+0.5 % +0.2 %
G
S
+0.0 %
SN nce
rg d
rg c
SZ a
LG a
VR d
rg d
ar a
NF in
Ca n
Ca ubli
–0.9 %
i
ni
M ni
n
Ca n
en
B rla
CF
o
RE Spa
la
P Pola
o
o
fa
et ra
ua
R ma
E
ov
–2.2 %
n
CD ep
SB itze
Fr F
th
Fi
CF Ro
Sl
hR
Li
Sw
ec
European rail freight transport in 2017
PK
Cz
1)
Data as of 9 May 2018
Growth in European rail freight Rail freight operators
transport: The strong economy expanding: Many rail freight
provided European rail freight companies benefited from the Regional differences: The Cargo, only the Polish company
companies with higher demand positive economic situation and development of rail freight achieved gains. In 2017, PKP -15,8 % 15
for transport in 2017. With the increased their services accord- operators differed greatly Cargo increased transport 10
volume of transport up 3.0%, the ingly. A look at selected Euro- between countries in some volume by almost 9%, probably
overall European market for rail pean rail companies shows that cases. Of the three largest due among other factors to the
freight transport recorded its the majority improved their freight operating companies, rapid growth in traffic between
fastest growth since 2011. performance year on year. DB Cargo, SNCF Fret and PKP China and Europe.
22 23Infrastructure Infrastructure
Use of the rail network in Germany in 2017
The rail network is experiencing
rising demand and growing cus-
tomer numbers. Modernisation
is proceeding at full speed.
More traffic on the rail
network: Operating performance
on DB’s lines saw a slight positive
trend in 2017, going from 1,068
million train-path kilometres
in 2016 to 1,073 million train-
path kilometres in 2017. This
represents an increase of 0.5%.
Demand remains high:
The growth was primarily
attributable to higher demand
from DB's competitors. At
331.3 million train-path
kilometres, their operating
performance was up 2.9% in
2017 (2016: 321.9 million
train-path kilometres).
24 25Infrastructure Infrastructure
Customer numbers up again:
A long-standing trend continued
in 2017: the number of railway
undertakings on the rail network
rose further, reaching 431
(2016: 421). Around half of
Competitors' operating performance
these companies provide freight (million train-path kilometres)
services, while just under
one-quarter are active in the
passenger transport market. Total Modernisation of the German rail network
The remaining customers supply Competitors
construction sites, for example, +0.5 % Extensive construction works 2017, 79% more than in 2016
or operate measurement and 1,068 1,073 in 2017: A decisive reason for (719 sites).
inspection trains. the sharp rise in the number of
track access agreements was Long-term planning and
Working timetable challenge: 800 the ongoing infrastructure consolidation of construction
For the 2017 working timetable, +2.9 % modernisation programme. This sites: Optimised construction
DB Netz concluded 78,378 track 331 brought with it an enormous site management by DB Netz
400 322
access agreements with rail growth in construction, which enables sites to be integrated
companies. This was a very high needed to be factored into the into timetabling well in advance.
figure, up 14% on the previous 0 working timetable. There were DB Netz achieves this by setting
year with 68,719 agreements. 2016 2017 1,286 construction sites in aside time blocks to combine
26 27Infrastructure Infrastructure
work on sites located in close the scale of construction work
proximity. This enables exten- is not yet in sight. In 2017, DB
sive work to be completed on invested a total of €7.5 billion
a large number of essential on behalf of the Federal
modernisation measures in Government in infrastructure
the shortest possible time. building, expansion and
modernisation. A further
Modernisation program €9.3 billion will follow in 2018
remains ambitious: A let-up in on a multitude of projects.
Key construction corridors of national importance in 2018
Hanover–Bremen Schwerin–Rostock Stations and
19 Jan–29 March 2018 8 Jan–14 Apr 2018 platforms
Rostock Bridges and tunnels
Hamburg Tracks
Bremen–Münster Schwerin
Hamburg–Hanover
3 April–27 May 2018 6 July–6 Aug 2018 Control-command
Bremen and signalling
(e.g. electronic interlockings)
Overhead lines
Hamm–Dortmund Magdeburg hub
14 July–10 Sep 2018 Jan–Dec 2018 Points
Hanover
Magdeburg
Münster
Cologne–Düsseldorf Airport Dortmund Hamm Hanover–Göttingen
9 April–8 Oct 2018 Göttingen 31 Aug–8 Dec 2018
Düsseldorf Kassel
Cologne
Right bank of the Rhine/ Troisdorf Kassel–Fulda
Extension of S13 Neuwied 9 June–24 June 2018
9 April–9 June 2018 Fulda
Frankfurt
Würzburg Würzburg–Nuremberg
Frankfurt–Gießen–Kassel 6 July–7 Oct 2018
25 June–13 Aug 2018 Heidelberg Nuremberg
Karlsruhe Nuremberg–Passau
Stuttgart
Frankfurt hub Passau 11 Sep–29 Oct 2018
8 Sep–8 Dec 2018
Augsburg
Munich
Deutsche Bahn AG, 02/2018
Ulm
Salzburg Nuremberg–Augsburg
Heidelberg–Stuttgart/Karlsruhe 15 June–19 Nov 2018
10 Sep–16 Nov 2018
Munich–Salzburg
Stuttgart–Pforzheim–Karlsruhe Stuttgart–Ulm 19 May–29 July 2018
19 May–22 Oct 2018 21 July–25 Aug 2018 and 25 Oct–9 Nov 2018
28 29Infrastructure Infrastructure
Digital Rail for Germany: With enables trains to run at shorter
the plan to digitalise the entire intervals, making better use of
rail network, the pioneering infrastructure. This allows more
investment and innovation capacity on the rail network.
project of the future is already At the same time, the digital
taking shape. It includes railway improves quality and
digitalising control and command reduces costs.
technology and interlockings,
as well as introducing more new
technologies.
Infrastructure boosts
competitiveness of rail
transport: The digital railway Digital Rail for Germany
30 31Transport performance data since 2012 at a glance Transport performance data since 2012 at a glance
Passenger transport
Freight transport
Transport volume
in Germany, in billion 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 3)
passenger kilometres Transport volume
in Germany, in billion 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 ⁴) 2017 ⁴)
Rail 88.8 89.6 91.0 91.7 95.9 97.5 tonne-kilometres
Regional and local total 51.4 52.8 54.9 54.8 56.5 58.5 Rail 110.1 112.6 112.6 116.6 116.2 116.2
DB regional/local services 43.4 43.7 43.7 42.7 40.9 42.0 DB Group 78.5 75.2 74.8 71.0 68.6 67.6
Other railways 8.1 9.4 11.4 12.3 15.6 16.5 Other railways 31.5 37.4 37.8 45.6 47.5 48.6
PRT 1)
68.9 69.8 71.3 72.6 72.9 72.9 Road 432.0 443.7 452.9 460.0 466.6 478.7
PMT 2)
914.6 921.4 935.0 945.7 965.5 975.2 Inland navigation 58.5 60.1 59.1 55.3 54.3 54.6
Air travel, domestic in Germany 10.3 9.9 10.0 10.1 10.4 10.4 Pipelines 16.2 18.2 17.5 17.7 18.8 18.2
Total market 1,082.6 1,090.7 1,107.2 1,120.1 1,144.7 1,156.0 Total market 616.8 634.5 642.1 649.6 655.9 66 7.7
1)
Public road transport, following the territory principle 2)
Private motorised transport 4)
The figures for road and total market (and rail in 2017) are preliminary
3)
Some 2017 figures are preliminary
32 33Transport performance data since 2012 at a glance
More information is available at:
www.deutschebahn.com/en/group/competition
Sources of graphics on pages 7, 8, 13, 19, 20, 26,
29, 32-34: Destatis, DB; Sources of graphics on
pages 14 and 23: UIC, annual reports and articles
in the press.
Photography credits: DB AG/Holger Peters, DB AG/
Georg Wagner (2), DB AG/Volker Emersleben (2),
DB AG/Axel Hartmann, DB AG/Frank Kniest, DB AG/
Frank Barteldedt, DB AG/Uwe Miethe, DB AG/
Michael Neuhaus (3), DB AG/ Manuel Hollenbach,
DB AG/Bartlomiej Banaszak, DG AG/Kai Michael
Neuhold (4), DB AG/Bernd Honerkamp, DB AG/
Claus Weber, DB AG/Andreas Varnhorn
After completion of this report, the Federal Statis-
Infrastructure tical Office made an upward correction to the 2016
figures for rail freight traffic in Germany. This was
due to the scope of reporting being increased for the
Operating performance first time in many years, which meant that additional
in Germany, in million 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
rail freight companies were included for the first GU9
train-path kilometres
time. The effect of this is to increase rail's share of
On the network 1,039 1,035 1,044 1,054 1,068 1,073 the modal split and reduce DB Cargo's market share. This printed brochure is "Blue
Angel" certified.
Of which non-Group
231 247 261 290 322 331
customers
34 35Publishing details
2017
Competition figures
Deutsche Bahn AG
Economic, Political &
Regulatory Affairs
Potsdamer Platz 2
10785 Berlin
No liability for errors or omissions
Last modified: May 2018
www.deutschebahn.com/en/group/
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