Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...

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Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
ISSUE /NGĀ TAKE 40
                                                         SPRING/KŌANGA

communication
                                                              2020

       Using Tikanga in your Practice
     Unlocking Prisoner Potential • Ngā Whāriki Kōrero
Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
Contents
Rārangi upoko kōrero

1                      2                      3                4                             5                              6
From the               NZSTA                  Recount /        Board news                    Te Reo o                       What is
president              Happenings             review                                         Te Kaumatua                    cultural safety?
                                                               Podcast

8                      10                    12                13                           14                             16
De-colonising          Ngā Whāriki            Ko Taku Reo:     Gwen                          Gender                         Engaging
and re-                Kōrero                 Deaf Education   Broadley,                     affirming                      with older
centering                                     New Zealand      Life Member                   voice and                      adults about
                                                               of NZSTA                      communication                  swallowing
                                                                                             therapy

17                    18                     19                20                            21                            22
KiwiChat goes          Unlocking              SLT in           Renewed                       Dear Friend,                   Contact
virtual                prisoner               the media        interest in                   a letter to                    details
                       potential                               developmental                 our speech
                                                               language                      language
                                                               disorder                      therapist

Cover: Photo kindly gifted by Whakatōhea iwi and Talking       ISSN 2324-2302 (Print)
Matters, depicting their partnership in Ōpōtiki. We will be    ISSN 2324-2310 (Online)
running a feature about Whakatōhea and their journey of
                                                               The NZSTA reserves the right to refuse for inclusion in Communication Matters, any
revitalising te reo Māori, in our Summer Issue.                articles, features or advertisements which are contrary to the NZSTA Code of Ethics.
                                                               Unless formally stated to the contrary, acceptance and publication of material and
Please contact the editor with your ideas at any time and we   advertising does not imply endorsement of views, positions, programmes or products
will endeavour to accommodate them in the next edition.        by NZSTA. Articles may be edited.
Send to editor@speechtherapy.org.nz
Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
From the president
Nā te tumuaki
Annette Rotherham president@speechtherapy.org.nz

The past 3 months have             Despite challenging times during              these values and embed them into
                                   COVID-19’s disruptions to our daily           our practice. We are focusing on one
been full of celebrations.         lives and work environments, it was           value per year for raising awareness.
Our 2020 AGM celebrated            important to acknowledge achievements         Awareness week 2020 has the theme
                                   in research, student supervision, and         of Whanaungatanga – Get connected,
all the mahitahi within the        ambassadorship, through the NZSTA             Be connected, Stay connected during a
NZSTA membership over              awards and grants. We were very proud        “week of connection” 7–13 September,
the past year. Again I thank       to award Brooke Dibley the 2020               we look forward to seeing how creative
                                   Ambassador Award, and Fiona Dominick          you are with this theme.
all the area reps, our private     from Whakatane, the 2020 Clinical
                                                                                Finally, we announced our new Board
practice rep, and our student      Field Supervisor Award.
                                                                                with three newly elected members to join
reps who contribute time            It has been a huge milestone to launch      our hardworking team. Katrina McGarr
and energy and show                 the 2025 Strategic Plan, which you will     (Ngāi Tahu) has been elected to Māori
                                    have received with your Winter edition of   and Cultural Development, Emma Quigan
leadership in their daily           Communication Matters. We carry on the      (Ngāi Tahu) has been elected to
work representing NZSTA.            mahi of the past NZSTA Board from 2015      Communications and Akshat Shah has
                                    and take this plan to the next level with   been elected to Member Networks.
                                    the incorporation of the NZSTA Values of    We farewelled Jodi White who served six
                                    Whanaungatanga, Aroha, Kotahitanga          years in the Member Networks portfolio
                                    and Rangatiratanga. We want to live         and has demonstrated huge leadership,
                                                                                commitment and support to members.
                                                                                We also acknowledged Shannon Hennig
                                                                                who came on board for ten months and
                                                                                worked hard in the Communications role
                                                                                through difficult times for the Association.
                                                                                Ngā mihi nui to you both.
                                                                                The future is looking bright and I am so
                                                          Left:                 looking forward to being able to meet in
                                                          Annette Rotherham     person in September as a board and to
                                                          on a Beehive Tour
                                                                                plan for the coming 12 months.
                                                          during the school
                                                          holidays.             Annette

                                                                                              Communication Matters   •    1
Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
NZSTA Happenings
Some of our recent Association happenings at a glance...

                                 1 JUNE

                                                                                              Left:
                                                                                              Rotorua SLTs
    Return to Practice Framework                                                              relax post AGM
    and Processes reviewed                                                                    with Rukingi and
    by Members Network and                                                                    Annette.
    Professional Standards.
                                                                                              Below:
    Additional support and
                                                                                              Karen Brewer
    processes now in place.                                                                   launches Ngā
    See website.                                                                              Whāriki Kōrero.
                                                                                              See page 10.

                                2 JULY                          MID-JUNE                             30 JULY

    Dr Karen Brewer and NZSTA             Dr Anna Miles appointed          Level 1 Community SLT and
    launch Ngā Whāriki Kōrero:            Vice‑President of NZSTA.         Hospital-based SLT COVID-19
    a kaupapa Māori SLT package                                            Guidance launched.
    for whānau with communication
    difficulties caused by stroke.
                                                                 20 JULY                             AUGUST

                                          Annual General Meeting           NZSTA launched their first ever
                                          via Zoom. 2020 awards            Scope of Practice Paper on
                                          and grants announced.            Working in the Justice System.

2   •   Communication Matters
Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
What we have done                  Recount / review
     Achievements for the             Many thanks to all the members who got in touch about
profession of speech‑language         our COVID‑19 focussed issue. It was good to hear that the
     therapy 2015–2020                many resources shared were useful, and that we were able
                                      to continue the enormous generosity which emerged during
                                      our difficult months.
                                     “It is really lovely to be part of NZSTA.
                                      We moved from South Africa to
   Increase in membership numbers     NZ in November 2019 and it’s
    from 650 to 900 (40% increase)    things, like reading Communication
                                      Matters, that really just made
                                      me feel included and so excited
                                      to continue my journey here,
                                      especially after the challenging
                                      COVID-19 and craziness of 2020 as
                                      a whole.” Karla Roodt, CCDHB
    Establishment of the Kaumātua
   role and the development of our   The Winter 2020 issue is available
         own NZSTA Kaupapa           on the NZSTA website.
                                      Enormous apologies to Katrina
                                      McGarr, for the misspelling of her
                                      name throughout the Winter issue.

           Self regulating /
    self governing profession with
    Annual Practising Certificates

                                           Feedback, ideas and contributions for Communication Matters
                                           are always very welcome. Consider also sending high-resolution
                                           photos of interesting aspects of SLT practice, which we can
    Establishment of a Consumer            profile with a descriptive caption. Contributions can be lengthy
      reference group and the              or brief, and all add to lively kōrero.
       consumer lead position              Please contact editor@speechtherapy.org.nz

                                                                                    Communication Matters   •   3
Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
Board news

Introducing Akshat Shah,                     Introducing Emma Quigan,                      Introducing Ashleigh Neumann,
Member Networks portfolio holder             Communications portfolio holder               Private Practice Representative
Akshat is an experienced, multilingual       Emma (Ngāi Tahu, Pākehā) leads a team         Ashleigh is a paediatric speech and
SLT based in Whangarei, Northland.           of community activators for Talking           language therapist who runs Canterbury
He has held roles at the Ministry of         Matters, partnering with whānau, iwi,         Speech and Language Therapy in the
Education, DHBs, and private practice,       communities and professionals to put          South Island. She has been in private
and has most recently been the               an intentional focus on creating and          practice for almost 5 years now, and also
NZSTA Area Representative for the            enhancing rich language environments          runs a private practice special interest
Auckland region. He is passionate            for babies. Previously, Emma held a           group in Canterbury. She is an active
about supporting and engaging                position within Ministry of Education,        NZSTA member, and an advocate for
with SLTs across roles and regions.          focusing on professional development          having that guidance, networking and
                                             and sector capability. Emma is also           professional safety they offer private
                                             studying for her Masters in Education         practitioners. She is looking forward
                                             at The University of Auckland.                to meeting more of our wonderful
                                                                                           members, and taking on the exciting
                                                                                           projects that our last representative,
                                                                                           Bridget, got underway during her term.

Podcast
         Getting better: A year in the life of a Māori medical student

A great podcast I’m listening to at the moment that explores the themes of my article in this issue
of CM, Emma Espiner’s RNZ podcast ‘Getting better: A year in the life of a Māori medical student’. •
Hana Tuwhare

4   •   Communication Matters
Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
Te Reo o Te Kaumatua
Nā Rukingi Haupapa
Rukingi Haupara, Kaumatua

Ngā mihi o te wā.              The seasons are synchronised with the          NZSTA’s kaumātua Cultural Advisor, are
                               sun, moon, stars (e.g. Matariki) and planet    available to help you and your work. He Kete
This issue of Communication    earth. Māori, as do other indigenous           Whanaungatanga is a resource group of
                               groups of the world, base their tikanga        Māori and non-Māori SLTs who want to
Matters is our Spring or       (i.e. practises of living) on the knowledge    include tikanga in their mahi to benefit
Kōanga issue. We put it        and beliefs directly related and               clients. Many of the organisations that you
together in the middle of      connected to the environment.                  are employed by also have Māori staff and
                                                                              resources to implement tikanga. There lies
winter, when it is cold and    Winter (Hōtoke or Takurua) is the arrival
                                                                              the challenge to you as SLTs, to use these.
                               of Matariki and a time to reflect on those
when most things are resting   we’ve lost and the things we’ve done.          NZSTA Week of Action, and Stroke
or sleeping. However, here     This is also the best time, while it is cold   Awareness weeks fall in Spring this year.
in Aotearoa our indigenous     outside, to have wānanga inside to             Please share any activities you have been
                               plan and scheme for the new year – do          involved with this year.
culture and beliefs tell us    better and improve. Kōanga/Spring is
                                                                               One of my research findings was that
something different.           the launching season for your ‘Master
                                                                              ‘whānau did not have a chance to meet
                               Plan’. Things will warm up, plants and
                                                                               other whānau who had been through
                               animals come alive, and everything
                                                                               the same horrible journey’. If you are
                               busily flourishes.
                                                                               thinking of doing something with Māori
                               What does all the above have to do with         clients and whānau, please email me
                               SLTs and NZSTA?                                 kaumatua@speechtherapy.org.nz.
                                                                               We are planning a number of Māori
                               To me, having a tikanga or practise of
                                                                               activities with whānau around the Bay of
                               reflecting on your work at least two
                                                                               Plenty and love to connect with you and
                               times a year, one with Māori New Year
                                                                               the people you work with.
                               with arrival of the Matariki star cluster in
                               winter, and again at Christmas/New Year        Ka nui te pahupahu o te koroua nei, nareira
                               in Dec/Jan in summer, gives us excellent       me oti.
                               opportunities to improve and do
                                                                              Kia ora pai koutou ki o koutou kāinga maha
                               things better.
                                                                              huri noa i te motu.
                                                                              Nākū noa
                                                                              Rukingi

                                                                                             Communication Matters   •    5
Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
What is cultural safety?
Q and A with Katrina McGarr, Māori and Cultural Development Portfolio, Tūranga Kaupapa Māori

Cultural safety involves being        Can I use checklists to make sure            To understand these restrictions, we
                                      I’m being Culturally Safe in my              need to explore the concepts of tapu
aware of our own culture and          workplace?                                   and noa. Most people are already familiar
beliefs, and how these can            Unfortunately, you can’t. A checklist        with tapu, being sacred and protected;
                                                                                   noa, in essence, is the complementary
influence our interactions            doesn’t (and shouldn’t!) exist as it
                                      would undermine the essence and              opposite. It is unrestricted or common
with patients and clients.            true understanding of what makes a           and can lift the restrictions of tapu by
By recognising our own                behaviour or practice tikanga.               way of a karakia (blessing or prayer), or
                                                                                   by action (using water or eating kai).
personal attitudes and biases,        How do I know then if I am                   The protocol of tikanga that we follow
we can begin to recognise             incorporating tikanga into my                has evolved from ensuring that tapu and
differences in ourselves and          practice as a SLT? How could I               noa remain separate to protect mana.
                                      introduce more?
the people we work with and           To apply tikanga, it is best to start
                                                                                   To further guide our understanding
                                                                                   of tikanga, we must also consider the
alongside during a client’s           with understanding “what is tikanga?”        standards in which we aspire to; these
journey through our care. This        Tikanga are correct procedures or            are our values or ideals. Within these,
                                      protocol underpinned by core values          guided by tapu and noa, customary
awareness then allows us              and practices that guide our behaviour       expectations and values become more
as clinicians to purposefully         in how we interact with others, ngā Atua     apparent, as does our deepened
                                      (the Gods / personifications of the
create environments in which          natural world) and the world around us.
                                                                                   understanding of what makes them
                                                                                   tika/true/correct.
our clients feel recognised,          Tikanga protects what is tapu, as well as
valued, and safe.                     our health, our wellbeing and our dignity.
                                      Tikanga also creates processes to ensure
                                      we engage in ways where people are
                                      heard and respected. This is why some
                                      tikanga may seem common sense, such
                                      as washing our hands before and after
                                      preparing kai or not sitting on a table
                                      where kai is served.

6   •   Communication Matters
Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
Some of these values you may                 There are many more values that
                                                      underpin tikanga, and what is important
        already be familiar with; such as:            is to understand the values that drive you
                                                      and how you relate to others.
                                                      My goal is for all SLT in Aotearoa to feel
 Whanaungatanga                Rangatiratanga         less threatened by the word “tikanga”
  How we build and             How we nurture         or scared of “violating protocol”, and
 maintain relationships         and empower           to engage with the communities and
                                                      people around you to start conversations
                                                      on what tikanga means to each client
                                                      and their whānau. I look forward to
                                                      the opportunity for ako/reciprocated
        Aroha                     Kotahitanga         learning with all of you; whether it is
 How we demonstrate         How we work together to   supporting you on your own learning
                                                      journey, or learning from your anecdotes,
empathy and compassion       achieve a common goal
                                                      experiences, and wisdom.
                                                      If tikanga is something you would like
                                                      to know more about, there are free
                                                      courses available through Te Wānanga
                                                      o Aotearoa; and I am always happy to
                                                      kōrero and answer any pātai/questions. •

                                                                    Communication Matters   •   7
Communication - Using Tikanga in your Practice Unlocking Prisoner Potential Ngā Whāriki Kōrero - New Zealand ...
De-colonising and re-centering
Hana Tuwhare (Ngāpuhi), Community Activator for Talking Matters

I began a journey of                  It felt important to bring these conceptual          to supporting our Māori whānau,
                                      frameworks to life in my practice as                 but I wasn’t sure how this looked in
decolonising and re-centering         part of my own journey in re-centering               professional practice. So, I asked the
matauranga Māori (Māori               matauranga Māori, but also as an equity              people who were doing it: Māori SLTs
                                      issue as our education system has long               (published research coming soon).
knowledge) around the same
                                      been underperforming for our Māori
time I was studying to be an                                                               I felt like I was just scratching the
                                      tamariki and their whānau.
                                                                                           surface with this exploration and knew
SLT. During this time, I was           I took a deeper dive in my                          if I wanted to get it right with our Māori
introduced to Māori health            honours research and explored                        whānau, I had a lot more learning to do.
                                      whakawhanaungatanga (relationship                    After completing my SLT studies I spent
and education frameworks              building) when working with Māori                    a year in a full-immersion te reo Māori:
but I struggled to apply these        tamariki and their whānau. I knew                    no English spoken, only te reo Māori
in a practical sense.                 relationships were fundamental                       from 9am – 3pm, 5 days a week. This
                                                                                           was a year of living and breathing Māori
                                                                                           ways of thinking, doing and speaking.
                                                                                           The year was full of deep learnings and
                                                                                           it affirmed to me that I wanted to work in
                                                                                           an environment that valued matauranga
                                                                                           Māori and supported the revitalisation of
                                                                                           te reo Māori.
                                                                                           I now work with Talking Matters, a
                                                                                           campaign to get everyone talking with
                                                                                           babies and young tamariki under the
                                                                                           age of three. As language, culture and
                                                                                           identity are inextricably linked, the vision
                                                                                           is that when young tamariki are wrapped
                                                                                           in an environment rich in the language(s)
                                                                                           and practices of their whānau and home
                                                                                           they thrive as thinkers, learners and
                                                                                           talkers who stand strong in their identity.
                                                                                           I was first introduced to Talking Matters
                                                                                           as a student on placement. I spent
                                                                                           a day on a marae with whānau who
                                                           Photo credit: Talking Matters
8   •   Communication Matters
were on a journey to create richer oral
language environments for their young
ones: Tamariki were running around,
whānau were sharing their knowledge
and kai as well as listening intently to
kaumatua (elders) who shared pūrākau
(ancient stories) that carried wisdom
around parenting. They were relaxed,
engaged, sharing and laughing – and
it was all focused around building rich
language environments. This was the
kind of kaupapa I wanted to be around.
The whanaungatanga was there, the
engagement was there, the knowledge
around building language was there.
Since working with Talking Matters,
I’ve gained a deeper understanding
of key ways environments like this can                                                                       Photo credit: Talking Matters
be fostered.
                                              Whānau to whānau coaching                  Whānau-led
Whanaungatanga                                Some whānau on the Talking Matters         Māori are descendants of discoverers,
Whanaungatanga is about connecting.           kaupapa become coaches or champions        explorers and innovators and our
It's about creating ongoing reciprocal        who support other whānau in their          knowledge was used, and is still used, to
relationships developed through shared        community. When whānau experience          traverse the unknown. Through a process
experiences and working together.             the impact on wellbeing when focusing      of whanaungatanga we can gain a better
Whanaungatanga puts whānau at the             on interacting, responding and talking     idea of what that whānau are traversing
centre and creates space for people to        with tamariki, they are empowered          and how to support them with our
speak from their heart, rather than what      and excited to share that knowledge        unique SLT skills. When we view whānau
we might want to hear. Through this           in culturally affirming ways with other    as explorers and innovators of their own
process of connecting, we gain a deeper       whānau. Parents often look to people       journeys, we make space for them to take
understanding of whānau aspirations,          they trust for advice and information      the lead. I’m inspired by the many whānau
barriers, and strengths. If there is one      about parenting, particularly whānau       who take the knowledge around building
thing I’ve learned, whanaungatanga is         and friends. A network of coaches is       language for tamariki and determine their
the work. It’s the work that allows us as     whanaungatanga in action and can           own way forward in how it fits in to their
SLTs to be responsive to whānau in the        provide a sustainable way to support       lives. I am humbled by the knowledge
support we provide because there is a         many whānau in a connected community.      and strengths that whānau inherently
shared understanding, trust and respect.      This reminds me that as the SLT, my role   possess and it can be a powerful as an SLT
Taking the time to build relationships will   can be to step aside, make space for       to simply affirm what whānau know.
always be worth it.                           the people we work with who know
                                                                                         I am truly humbled by what whānau have
                                              their communities.
                                                                                         to offer when we make the space for it and
                                                                                         look forward to continuing the journey. •

                                                                                                      Communication Matters       •     9
Ngā Whāriki Kōrero
Selena Donaldson, Editor

Dr Karen Brewer                   The outcome of Karen’s Health Research    2
                                  Council funded post-doctoral research,
(Whakatōhea, Ngaiterangi)         these resources began with the many,     The website provides a rich collection
launched Ngā Whāriki              many hours Karen spent hearing the       of video and written resources to help
                                  stories of Māori and their whānau        Māori post stroke understand what
Kōrero on 2 July 2020 at                                                   has happened and what to expect.
                                  after stroke. She went on to listen to
The University of Auckland        the experiences of SLTs, Māori health    Aphasia and speech-language therapy is
                                                                           explained, as well as ideas for beginning
and via Zoom. This is a           specialists and Stroke Foundation
                                                                           to rehabilitate in the early days. The three
                                  community advisors.
beautiful kaupapa Māori                                                    components of Ngā Whāriki Kōrero is
speech language therapy                                                    available to download in pdf-form from
                                                                           the website.
package for whānau with            1
communication difficulties        SLT online professional                       stroke.blogs.auckland.ac.nz|
                                  development modules. Available
caused by stroke. Karen talks     from NZSTA, these courses provide
extensively about how to use      foundational knowledge around the
Ngā Whāriki Kōrero in the         health context for Māori, and give
                                  specific information for therapy
launch, the link to which is on   and working with our Māori Health
the NZSTA website.                colleagues.

                                  Available on the Online CPD website.

10   •   Communication Matters
3                                           4                                                                                                              Karen has distributed her resources
                                                                                                                                                            across Aotearoa to each of our DHBs,
The booklet, written especially for         These two exquisite resources work in                                                                           sending numbers correlating with
Māori and their whānau, explains            tandem. Talking Mats are an interactive                                                                         the proportion of Māori in each area.
stroke, aphasia and the roles of speech     resource with communication symbols                                                                             Please do feel free to contact Karen for
language therapy and communication-         depicting topics, options and a scale,                                                                          further copies or download the pdfs
based groups to help survivors with their   placed in a manner explores feelings and                                                                        from the website. •
communication. There is a strong focus      opinions. Ngā Whāriki Kōrero helps
on moving forward with aphasia, and it      the SLT or communication partner to
provides extensive ideas for enhancing      build a successful relationship and hear
recovery and suggestions for how            about what is important to the person
whānau can help.                            with aphasia and their whānau.

                                                                                                                                                                                    CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

                                                                           Whāriki (English) – stroke survivor cards
                                                                                                                                     Whakawhitiwhiti
                                                       CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

                                                                 Relationships burden                                                                                             it’s hard

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    te whakawhitiwhiti

                                                                                                                                             being sociable

                                                                                                                              © Brewer, McCann, Harwood. May 2020. version 1.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Communication Matters
                                                                                             This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License:
                                                                                                                                   creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           •   11

                                                                         Ngā Whāriki Kōrero – Whāriki (English) – stroke survivor cards – CC BY-NC-ND 4.0                                                                 15

                                                                                                                                               he aha tēnei mate                                                   te whai kawenga mō te
Ko Taku Reo: Deaf Education New Zealand:
A new national service
Angela Wightman, Bronwyn Bailey, Claire Kinera, Delicia Coetzer, Judith Lemberg, Rosie Lamb, Sophie Te Awa

Exciting. Mad. Messy.                       A new national organisation, Ko Taku Reo   We are taking this time to re-examine
                                            Deaf Education New Zealand, will take      our practice. We will endeavour to
Stressful. Some of the terms                their place.                               provide a fair and equitable service to the
that described the first half of            Consequently, we will have a national
                                                                                       2000+ students who are deaf or hard of
                                                                                       hearing within New Zealand, regardless
the year for Speech-language                Speech-language Therapy service.
                                                                                       of location and background. We want
Therapists in Deaf Education.               Merging our separate services has
                                                                                       to champion bilingual and trilingual
                                            been a huge learning curve. However,
This has been a time of                     we are embracing this change and
                                                                                       practice to the best of our abilities.
                                                                                       We value New Zealand Sign Language
great change.                               relishing the opportunity to have
                                                                                       as an integral part of Deaf culture and a
                                            more collegial support and sharing
On July 20 2020, van Asch Deaf                                                         language that should be available to all.
                                            of ideas. The lockdown provided an
Education Centre and Kelston Deaf                                                      We see deafness as a communication
                                            unprecedented opportunity to meet
Education Centre will be no more,                                                      difference, not as a disorder.
                                            regularly via Zoom, something that was
bringing to a close 140 years of van Asch   notoriously difficult when we were all     This is a messy, mad, stressful exciting
and 62 years of Kelston.                    travelling and at separate schools.        time. But it has the potential to be great. •

                                                                                       Ko taku reo taku ohooho, ko
                                                                                       taku reo taku mapihi mauria
                                                                                       My language is my awakening,
                                                                                       my language is the window to
                                                                                       my soul

                                                                 Left:
                                                                 Collegial support
                                                                 and connection
                                                                 at Ko Taku Reo
                                                                 Deaf Education

12   •   Communication Matters
Gwen Broadley, Life Member of
NZSTA, passed away peacefully
on June 8 aged 99
Gwen’s family kindly shared                  Auckland until finally retiring in 1998
                                             aged 78.
memories of Gwen’s speech-
                                             Gwen developed professional skills as
language therapy career, with                clinic-based SLT and (later) as supervisor
Shannon Hennig, and we                       in her role as Senior SLT under Val Lewis’s
capture some here.                           leadership as District Head Therapist
                                             from Pukekohe to Kaitaia. Supervision         Above:
Gwen undertook SLT training in               enabled her to develop professional           Gwen Broadley
Christchurch in 1944 on completion of
                                             and personal relationships with many
Teachers College. Unable at first to get
                                             fine colleagues as she worked alongside
an SLT position, Gwen taught in                                                             Gwen, at 99, would have glimmers
                                             them in their clinics and schools across
Blenheim until her son and daughter                                                         of her former life, and announce (in a
                                             the region.
were born in 1947 and 1950.                                                                 tone of wonder) that she used to be
                                             Gwen served for many years in                  a Speech Language Therapist! Once
In 1957, Gwen began work in a relief
                                             various roles in NZSTA; expanding her          when shown a memorial sheet for
role at Grafton 2 Speech Clinic in
                                             network of friends and colleagues while        Helen Flower, Gwen smiled and said,
Nugent Street, Central Auckland.
                                             organising or attending workshops             “Helen... she was a kind and good friend”.
Later describing it as a “floundering
                                             and conferences throughout NZ and,             Other names from the past still resonated,
start” to her SLT career, Gwen gratefully
                                             occasionally, Australia.                       and mention of Val Lewis always brought
benefitted from some ‘re-training’
                                                                                            a smile of recognition.
observing Nona Brooker’s clinic.             Many parents and children kept in touch
This experience had a profound effect,       with Gwen after retirement. She certainly     Communication has been at the forefront
boosting Gwen’s confidence, and              left a lasting impression. In her rest home   of all Gwen’s professional and personal
providing a model for Gwen’s later           in Dargaville, despite the advancement        interactions. Gwen’s main interest in life
contribution to training new therapists.     of dementia, Gwen astounded a local           has always been people. Even when
She learned the value of observation         doctor whose son had a lisp. Gwen             her conversations became very brief,
and the chance to work alongside             switched on her professional persona:         and sometimes very muddled, she
those with specialist skills.                performing exercises and prescribing          recognised the value of communication.
Gwen was a valued member of Glen             practice! She assured them the difficulty     Gwen told everyone how lucky she is
Taylor School for 23 years until her first   would resolve itself with practice. Next      and what a long life she lived. As a Life
retirement in 1981. She later relieved for   day, she had no recollection of the visit     Member of NZSTA we are so grateful
Special Education Service across Greater     and her help.                                 for all Gwen contributed to SLT. •

                                                                                                        Communication Matters    •     13
Gender affirming voice and
communication therapy
Fiona Dominick, Whakatane Hospital                                                       There were notable differences
                                                                                         between gender groups’ demand
                                                                                         for voice therapy. While this
                                                                                         demand was higher for trans
Late last year, I attended              Jack Byrne, Human Rights Consultant
                                                                                         women (61%) and lower for
                                        from TransAction, set the scene, reporting
a Midland regional hui in               on the findings from the ‘Counting
                                                                                         non-binary participants (18%),
                                                                                         almost a third of trans men wanted
Hamilton, working to agree              Ourselves Community Report’.
                                                                                         voice therapy and very few had
on a regional pathway for               This was a survey with 1178 participants,        been able to access it (32%).”
Gender Affirming Healthcare.            conducted from in 2018. Participants
                                        were from all regions across Aotearoa.           countingourselves.nz/
                                        They were 45% Non Binary, 29%                    index.php/community-report/
                                        Trans men and 26% Trans women.
                                        Confrontingly, it revealed that 50%
                                        of Transgender women had an                  These findings were upsetting to me to
                                        unmet need for voice therapy!                hear. However, I reflected that as a SLT
                                                                                     working in Aotearoa for 14 years, I had
                                                                                     not carried out any Gender Affirming
                                                                                     Treatments so how could I have
                                                                                     suspected anything less? I felt that I am
     The reasons why people cited for not having accessed voice therapy
                                                                                     part of a system that was letting Gender
     included;
                                                                                     Diverse People down and therefore
     Don’t know where to go 52%                                                      I want to be part of the solution. After
                                                                                     8 years of playing Roller Derby (an
     Cannot afford this 46%                                                          inclusive sport with a strong Rainbow
                                                                                     community), some of my closest friends
     Do not know what to expect or not familiar with the procedures 21%
                                                                                     were transgender men, transgender
     Afraid to 17%                                                                   women and non-binary. It was time to
                                                                                     start learning and growing a service that
     Might be treated badly for being trans or non-binary 12%                        could meet their needs. The Professional
     Do not have confidence in the service provided 7%                               Association for Transgender Health
                                                                                     Aotearoa (PATHA) reports that “limited
     It takes too much time 7%                                                       access to gender affirming healthcare
                                                                                     has a negative effect on the mental health
     Another reason 9%
                                                                                     and wellbeing of people seeking to
                                                                                     access them”.

14   •   Communication Matters
The ‘Guidelines for Gender Affirming         We should also have a wider community
Healthcare for Gender Diverse and            focus and increase awareness of the
Transgender Children, Young People           services we can provide and build
and Adults in Aotearoa New Zealand’*         relationships with key organisations
state that “Speech and communication         such as Rainbow Youth, InsideOUT,
are fundamental to the way in which we       Hui Takatapui committee, local support
express our gender.” They acknowledge        groups and other key providers.
the SLT role in helping transgender and
                                             As many of our Speech Language
gender diverse people develop voice
                                             Therapy services across Aotearoa
and communication that reflect their
                                             upskilling ourselves with the skills to
unique sense of gender and that this
                                             provide a quality service to our gender
will likely lead to increased comfort,
                                             diverse population, I look forward to
confidence, and improved participation
                                             the ways in which we can learn and
in everyday life.
                                             share knowledge together. Perhaps
As Speech Language Therapists I believe      some international webinars from
that our role would be inclusive of          SLTs experienced in Gender Affirming
explaining how the voice works,              Healthcare and the formation of a
education on voice care and developing       national SIG will continue to propel
a personalised plan on how an individual     us in the right direction. •
wishes to express their gender. This could
include working on any of the following      Poipoia te kakano, Kia Puawai                  Above:
parameters;                                                                                 Guidelines for Gender
                                             Nurture the seed and it                        Affirming Healthcare
• Speaking Pitch
                                             will blossom                                   downloadable from
• Resonance                                                                                 patha.nz/Guidelines
• Intonation
                                             *Reference available on request.
• Voice Quality
• Articulation
• Duration
• Eye Contact
• Facial Expressions                                    Speech and communication are fundamental
• Gestures
                                                        to the way in which we express our gender.”
• Posture
• Touching

                                                                                       Communication Matters   •    15
Engaging with community-living older adults
about swallowing
Marie Jardine, PhD candidate at the University of Auckland

Our survey-based study                     This project was part of my doctoral          Many potential respondents
                                           research yet was much more than an            expressed a willingness to complete
was recently published                     exercise of data analysis. It provided an     the questionnaire for the greater
in ‘Dysphagia’ about the                   important opportunity to engage with          good. The enthusiasm and discussion
                                           the focus of my research. The online          generated from respondents suggest
swallowing and nutrition
                                           questionnaire enabled community-living        they benefited from being involved
status of community-living                 adults from around NZ to take part            and may be interested in future studies.
New Zealanders aged                        (not just those who lived nearby to a         The majority of respondents requested
                                           university).                                  a summary of the results, unanimously
65 years and over.                                                                       positive feedback was elicited when
                                            Recruitment involved presenting at
Over 1000 adults aged up to 96 years                                                     findings were disseminated.
                                            local groups, courtesy of supportive
old responded to our study invitation       club organisers. During morning teas,         Just over half of respondents had no
through community groups, such as           I met with members who recounted              general knowledge of ‘dysphagia’,
Probus, SeniorNet, Grey Power and           personal experiences of swallowing            while one third correctly defined the
Rotary. The questionnaire included          problems or supporting a family member        term. Eleven respondents suggested
demographic information and two             with dysphagia. Similar stories were         ‘dysphagia’ was a speech or language
validated screening tools: Eating           shared through emails and telephone           impairment. In line with our Giving
Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and Seniors        conversations. One email particularly         Voice Aotearoa campaign, we need
in the Community: Risk Evaluation for       resonated with this study. A GP declined      to continue to find ways to raise
Eating and Nutrition (SCREEN-II).           to make a referral, so the person sought      dysphagia awareness in our
We concluded that increased prevalence      a specialist’s opinion. A hernia operation    workplaces and communities,
of swallowing difficulties in older age     was performed privately, resolving their      especially for our older population. •
is attributed to health conditions          swallowing problems and indigestion;
and medications, rather than ageing        ‘[I] feel much better in myself’.             Acknowledgements: Dr Anna Miles and
itself. We feel strongly that swallowing                                                 Dr Jacqui Allen.
complaints from community-living
                                                                                         References available on request.
older adults should not be ignored or
attributed to the normal ageing process.
This study supports routine nutrition
screening in older adults, particularly
those with risk factors.

16   •   Communication Matters
KiwiChat goes virtual
Paula Shennan and Lauren Forster, Speech Language Therapists, The TalkLink Trust

The TalkLink Trust aims to                  Teamwork was required to ensure                 One of the most rewarding outcomes
                                            sessions ran smoothly. We were keen             of running virtual groups, is that these
‘break down barriers’ to                    to record the sessions so that others           sessions have been accessible to more
 communication as a                         could access later. This raised challenges      clients than ever before, removing
                                            around privacy as some clients and              barriers such as location. Individuals who
 fundamental human right.
                                            whānau did not wish to appear in a              are unable to sustain their attention for a
 Lately, there have been new                recording freely available online.              full 45 minutes have been able to watch
 challenges to overcome                     After some initial tweaks, the technology
                                                                                            the session at their leisure, and many
                                                                                            teams have reported multiple viewings!
 as we navigate supporting                  issues reduced, and when they didn’t,
                                            this was a great opportunity to model           We know that many organisations will
 clients virtually.                         language such as ‘uh oh, there’s a              have discovered smarter ways of working
KiwiChat was established in 2010 to         problem!’. Attendees were really                during this challenging time, and Virtual
support individuals and people around       receptive to this new way of connecting         KiwiChat is one of the positive outcomes
them to use assistive technology.           with TalkLink staff and other teams.            TalkLink will endeavour to continue. •
These are fun-filled sessions of learning
                                            There was some fantastic feedback
and sharing to support people to be
                                            from attendees, including the following                  He absolutely loved the
competent communicators.
                                            comments:                                                KiwiChat Zoom meeting and
Traditionally, KiwiChat Groups were                                                                  is super keen to do more!!
regularly held around the country.                                                                   He gave it 2 thumbs up.”
With COVID-19 lockdown, we decided,                 OMG that was so amazing. It was
with some trepidation, to run a Virtual             so well presented, clear and just
KiwiChat group.                                     blew me away. My brain is fizzing
Our first Virtual KiwiChat group ran                with ideas. You all worked so                       Today’s session was
in April following minimal advertising              hard. Amazing how you added                         awesome, thank you.
through Facebook and word-of-mouth.                 so much to the story. Just brilliant.               He seldom concentrates for
Fifty-eight participants from around the            Loved every minute.”                                that long! We would love to
country attended. Families embraced                                                                     join a session like this every
web-based meeting technology,                                                                           week. Will use the story
and engagement and enthusiasm of                                                                        and follow up activities for
participants was remarkable. This gave                   We have never met other children               the next few days.”
us the confidence to plan and run further                who use talking devices before.
sessions for a variety of age groups.                    Really appreciate this.”

                                                                                                         Communication Matters   •   17
Unlocking prisoner potential
Helen White, Kidz Therapy

It began as a response to        An established literacy programme           in the areas of literacy, understanding
                                 is in place and, although I have            and ability to communicate. During this
a plea from the Howard           considerable experience in literacy and     time I had to advocate for our students
League, an organisation          phonological awareness, I wanted to         in a gruelling court case and this led
                                 devise a programme which extended           me to wonder about how many people
which has been responsible
                                 their language development. As Speech       appeared in court with underlying
for establishing programmes      and Language Therapists know, it is         language processing disorders.
for prisoners to assist them     recognised that a substantial number
                                                                             One of the “tools” in our toolbox
                                 of prisoners have underlying problems
with learning, training for      with language.
                                                                             included the Six Thinking Hats devised
                                                                             by Edward de Bono. This lead to me
employment and physical          In London I managed a centre for            devising a programme for the prisoners
activities such as yoga.         students with specific language             deliverable in short targeted sessions,
                                 impairment, the first in the country to     particularly for those on remand.. It was
                                 be attached to a mainstream secondary       experimental and we were unsure of
                                 school. We undertook the difficult          how it would be received. I believed the
                                 task of gathering strategies which we       strategy would be useful in challenging
                                 thought would enhance their learning.       prisoners’ thinking and perceptions and
                                 These students were of average or           that it would give them the concrete
                                 above average ability and were not          means to express themselves.
                                 deaf, physically disabled nor autistic,
                                                                             Six Hat Thinking is a difficult concept
                                 as there were other centres in secondary
                                                                             and one in which I have trained and used
                                 schools for individuals with these needs.
                                                                             for years but still sometimes struggle
                                 We began work with a large cohort
                                                                             with. I designed the programme so
                                 arising from a single extended family and
                                                                             that it could be delivered in a formulaic
                                 this family became part of a worldwide
                                                                             but practical format with a simple easy
                                 study to find a genetic basis for their
                                                                             introduction to the power of each Hat’s
                                 disorder. This gene was found while I was
                                                                             function. It was designed to assist the
                                 working with them in the 1990s.
                                                                             learners to remember the way each Hat
                                 While working with these young people       worked and to also enable the students
                                 with language processing disorders we       who were training with me to become
                                 developed a “toolbox” of strategies,        facilitators and to help them understand
                                 through practice of what worked and         the reasoning. The trainee facilitators
                                 what didn’t over the years, particularly    were mainly students of criminology,

18   •   Communication Matters
… it helps with negative thinking, it gives
                you strategies to deal with issues and it
                                                                                              SLT in
– Participant   gives you a way to plan forward.”                                             the media
psychology and law, with one from              The programme was put in place                 Hana Tuwhare featured in a recent
Mt Eden Correction Facility’s education        permanently due to its enthusiastic            news feature, about the work of
department. The trainees were to learn         adoption by prisoners, the prison staff        Talking Matters.
from observation initially with further        and the facilitators. Potential benefits
facilitator training to be undertaken as       were significant and the programme             www.newshub.co.nz/home/
follow-up.                                     evolved to include issues such as              new-zealand/2020/06/
                                               relationships.                                 maori-speech-therapist-
Fifteen men turned up for our first                                                           walks-the-talk.html
session and respectfully participated,         After a year or so my role became one of
listened and felt able to express their        facilitator for the training of new students
ideas enthusiastically. After the initial      who were to deliver the programme. The         My Perfect Family documented the
introduction to the Six Hats, the men          feedback from the facilitators, Mt Eden’s      highs and lows of living with aphasia,
were asked to consider an entertaining         education officer and the prisoners, was       and profiled the work of SLT and The
problem under each hat in smaller              overwhelmingly positive. After a couple        University of Auckland MSLT Prac
breakaway groups, which they were              of years, the new prison education officer     students.
to feed back to the larger group. Their        took over and there are plans to review
                                                                                              attitudelive.com/playlist-page/
summing up was lively, interesting and         how the programme is now progressing.
                                                                                              My-Perfect-Family/
very amusing. The review showed that
                                               The Six Hat Thinking Course has now
they had retained the method and its
                                               been rolled out across many prisons and
reasons, so they were asked to go away                                                        Noticed on social media...
                                               rehabilitation centres. Prisoners who
and to reflect upon how they felt it could
                                               complete receive a Certificate which is
impact their lives. At the end of this first
                                               taken into account for their parole and
session, men came up to feedback that
                                               court sentencing proceedings.
they had found the session and interesting.
                                               A prisoner due for parole, commented
At the beginning of the next session,
                                               to his lawyer that the Six Hat Thinking
which was again fully attended, men
                                               course is “really good because it helps
came up voluntarily to say how they had
                                               with negative thinking, it gives you
reflected upon the method over the past
                                               strategies to deal with issues and it gives
week and how helpful they found it. They
                                               you a way to plan forward.” •
liked its simplicity, its visual nature, the
ease with which they could practise it
and its potential impact on their thinking     Contact helen@kidztherapy.co.nz for
and reflection in their lives.                 further information.

                                                                                                    Communication Matters   •   19
Renewed interest in developmental language
disorder: What are we going to do about it?
Dr Jayne Newbury, lecturer in paediatric speech and language disorders in the School of Psychology, Speech and
Hearing, University of Canterbury and NZSTA Expert Advisor on Child Language, jayne.newbury@canterbury.ac.nz

The renaming of specific               Research suggests language intervention          I believe there are multiple reasons
                                       for school-aged children with DLD can            children with DLD are under-identified
language impairment (SLI)              result in short term gains in language           and under-supported. Firstly, language
as developmental language              standard scores (Mecrow et al., 2010).           development through the school years
                                       It doesn’t necessarily matter whether            is incremental and ongoing. Therefore
disorder (DLD) (Bishop et al.,
                                       an SLT or trained parent / educational           other than when the child achieves age-
2017) has reignited interest in        professional delivers intervention for           appropriate language scores or when
language disorders amongst             general language stimulation, or whether         the child uses error-free conversational
                                       it is individual or group-based (Dickson         language, there can be no clear end point
SLTs in NZ. This is excellent,         et al., 2009; Law et al., 2005). However         for language support services to stop.
as children with language              support needs to be intensive or gains           This represents a huge ongoing need for
difficulties have long been            in standard scores are unlikely to result        language support services. How can we
                                       (McCartney et al., 2010). This has huge          meet this need?
under-identified and under-            implications for any low intensity general
                                                                                        Perhaps also the lack of knowledge
supported. At present, there           language support to school-aged
                                                                                        about DLD in the general population
                                       children with DLD.
is no NZ data on prevalence,                                                            contributes. Once a child has
                                       Receptive language seems to be more              conversational level expressive language,
service provision or outcomes          resistant to intervention than expressive,       teachers and parents may think the role
for children with DLD.                 however gains in syntax can be made,             of the role of the SLT is over and shift
                                       even in older children with severe               emphasis to how specialist teachers can
                                       difficulties, if intensive explicit systematic   support the child’s learning. We (as SLTs)
                                       instruction is provided (Ebbels, 2014).          know the child is struggling with
                                       I wonder how many children with DLD              learning because he has an ongoing
                                       receive an optimal language support              difficulty with language. Others may not.
                                       service across their primary school years        Do we advertise that we could play an
                                       in NZ?                                           ongoing role?

20   •   Communication Matters
These children do not tend to have
major behaviour difficulties (St Clair et
al., 2011). They may be going under the
radar in terms of priorities for identifying
                                               Dear Friend, a letter to our
and meeting their needs due to their
acceptable behaviour in class.                 speech language therapist
Finally perhaps because once these
children are adults, they may still struggle   “Two years ago, Finn only
to communicate complex ideas, they
are not always able to advocate for             had a handful of words,
themselves. It is difficult for parents of      flash forward to today, he is           You have given our
children with DLD to know what to ask for.
                                                a completely different                  boy a voice, which is
Whatever the reasons, the difficulties
these children face throughout their
                                                child, he is very easy to               everything we have
lives in reading, writing, listening and        understand exactly what                 ever wanted.
speaking clearly fall into our scope of         he wants/needs”.
practice (ASHA, 2016). Now that we
have a new label and renewed interest          We have learnt that all kids are very
in DLD, as members of the NZSTA and            different when it comes to speech
advocates for these children, what are         but with lots of time and dedication     These insights from the parents of
we going to do about it? •                     we put in, we will get the results.      Finn came to us from Ashleigh at
                                               We have also learnt that there are       Canterbury Speech and Language
                                               so many different kinds of speech        Therapy. Thanks Ashleigh for sharing
For research interests, email me.                                                       these thoughts with us.
                                               exercises with certain types working
To raise awareness, visit radld.org.
                                               better for others, Ashleigh always       If you are working with or have
Perhaps the simplest way to start raising
                                               makes sure our new exercises will        worked with a client or service
awareness is to formally diagnose
                                               work well for Finn (and are fun too!).   user who would like to tell our SLT
children with DLD and to use the term in
person, in reports and online?                 We think this has been a magical         community what made our service
                                               ingredient in the speech language        come alive or work well for them,
References available on request.               therapy service we have received;        or what would have helped them
                                               making Finn’s service individual and     along the way, we would love to
                                               meaningful to him and his interests.     hear their message.

                                                                                                 Communication Matters   •    21
Please consider contributing content
                                                                                             to Communication Matters about any
                                                                                               aspect of our profession. Feel free
Contact details                                                                               to discuss with Selena Donaldson,
                                                                                                  Editor, any ideas you have.

Whakapā tangata                                                                                 editor@speechtherapy.org.nz

NZSTA Board Members                            Expert adviser contacts                        Area representatives
President • Annette Rotherham                  Ann Smaill                                     Te Tai Tokerau • Suanna Smith & Denise Poole
president@speechtherapy.org.nz                 Alternative and Augmentative Communication     ar.northland@speechtherapy.org.nz
Communications • Shannon Hennig                ann.smaill@talklink.org.nz                     Auckland • Tessa Livingston & Hannah Barnes
communications@speechtherapy.org.nz            Anna Miles • Adult Dysphagia                   ar.auckland@speechtherapy.org.nz
Member networks • Jodi White                   a.miles@auckland.ac.nz                         Waikato/Bay of Plenty • Gwen Kerrison
membernetworks@speechtherapy.org.nz            Annabel Grant • Dementia                       ar.waikato.bop@speechtherapy.org.nz
Professional development • Claire Winward      a.grant@massey.ac.nz                           Central • Elisa Mynen
professionaldevelopment@speechtherapy.org.nz   Carlene Perris • Voice                         ar.central@speechtherapy.org.nz
Professional standards • Anna Miles            cperris@adhb.govt.nz                           Wellington/Nelson • Polly Newton & Emily King
professionalstandards@speechtherapy.org.nz     Emily Jones                                    ar.wellington@speechtherapy.org.nz
Māori and cultural development                 Paediatric Feeding and Swallowing              Canterbury/Westland
Katrina McGarr                                 E.Jones@massey.ac.nz                           Kate Cook & Ruth Ramsay
culturaldevelopment@speechtherapy.org.nz       Fiona Hewerdine                                ar.canterbury@speechtherapy.org.nz
                                               Adult Neurodegenerative Conditions             Otago/Southland • Meryl Jones
Other contacts                                 and Palliative Care                            ar.otago.southland@speechtherapy.org.nz
                                               fiona.hewerdine@bopdhb.govt.nz
National private practitioner                  Jayne Newbury • Child Language
members’ representative                                                                       Student representatives
                                               jayne.newbury@canterbury.ac.nz
Bridget MacArthur                                                                             Massey University • Jacqui Morgan,
privatepractice@speechtherapy.org.nz           Liz Fairgray & Megan Lewis
                                               Hearing Impairment and Cochlear Implant        Brianna Oosterbroek & Bo Young Choi
Administrator • ONZL Limited                   l.fairgray@auckland.ac.nz                      sr.massey@speechtherapy.org.nz
admin@speechtherapy.org.nz                     megan@talktogether.co.nz                       University of Auckland
+64 9 475 0214                                                                                Tash Thompson & Crystal Aranha
                                               Maegan VanSolkema • Traumatic Brain Injury
Speech, Language and Hearing Journal           maegan.vansolkema@abi-rehab.co.nz              sr.auckland@speechtherapy.org.nz
of APSSLH, HKAST & NZSTA                                                                      University of Canterbury
Editor: Anna Miles                             Sally Kedge • Vulnerable Children and Youth
                                               sallykedge@gmail.com                           Emma Barbafiera, Jessica Eagle & Livvy Pride
professionalstandards@speechtherapy.org.nz                                                    sr.canterbury@speechtherapy.org.nz
NZSTA                                          Sarah Spence
www.speechtherapy.org.nz                       Paediatric Complex Communication Needs
admin@speechtherapy.org.nz                     sarspen@gmail.com
PO Box 302469, North Harbour, Auckland 0751    Shannon Hennig • Autism and Neurodiversity
Communication Matters editor                   shannon@inclusive-communication.co.nz
Selena Donaldson                               Alison Zani • Aphasia
editor@speechtherapy.org.nz                    aphasiaadviser@gmail.com
                                                                                                     www.speechtherapy.org.nz
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