Canada EV Readiness Index 2023 - White Paper
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White Paper Canada EV Readiness Index 2023
Contents
Introduction 2
Key Takeaways 3
Incentives and Legislation 5
EV Adoption Rates 7
Public Charging Infrastructure 8
Climate Suitability 9
EV Availability 10
Pathways to a ZEV Fleet 12
Acknowledgement 13
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 1
Introduction
Are you ready
for electrification?
The answer to that question is more complicated than
you would expect, with a range of factors that will
influence the “how and when” you go electric. And
these factors vary by each province or territory.
The Index provides an overall province or territory
assessment; with a focus on key factors that have an
impact on transitioning your fleet to electric vehicles.
This Index will provide another source of information
that can help fleet and mobility managers make the right
decisions when it comes to electrifying their fleets.
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 2Key Takeaways
All provinces are making efforts to get the charging and hydrogen refueling
infrastructure built out. It is a combination of policy development and incentives for
private partners.
It’s important to note that no provinces ranked in either of the top two brackets for
EV readiness. Only the provinces of British Columbia and Quebec ranked into the
next bracket up from the bottom. Provinces that ranked highest are not classified as
optimal environments for EV transition but are merely better prepared at this time than
others. These rankings incorporate the fluidity of the transition to electric vehicles and
growth of the market and will likely shift over time to provide an accurate picture of EV
readiness as the landscape evolves.
Climate suitability is Public charging
crucial to EV readiness infrastructure lags
Climate suitability plays a significant factor in the For the purpose of this index, only public charging
index’s weighting system. Unlike other Canadian is assessed. It is promising that the federal
readiness studies, Foss National Leasing government has made recent public charging
assessed the balance of EVs and public chargers commitments, such as the planned $500 million
instead of evaluating cost of charging and cost by the Canada Infrastructure Bank to build an
parity between battery electric vehicles and additional 50,000 charging stations. Developing
internal combustion engine vehicles. Forecasts this network of chargers will likely take years
for this cost equilibrium shorten yearly, and we and make sole reliance on public charging
consider climate an increasingly important factor infrastructure impossible in the short-term.
to determine EV readiness. Cold environments
are not yet suited to EV operation due to
the impact low temperatures have on driving
range, charging speed and duration. European
countries like Norway have proved that it is not
an impossible challenge but driving distances in
Europe are much shorter than average driving
distances in Canada.
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 3The index ranks the provinces and
territories based on four factors:
EV Readiness Map
• Provincial and Territory incentives & legislation Foss National Leasing Canada EV Readiness
• Provincial and Territory ZEV adoption rates Index 2023 is a comprehensive analysis of the
preparedness of all 10 provinces and 3 territories
• Public charging infrastructure
• Climate suitability
The index ranks the provinces and territories EV Readiness Score
( 1 being the most EV ready and 12 being the least)
EV Ready
EV Accepted
EV Progressive
Least EV Ready
6
Yukon
12
Northwest Territories 12
Nunavut
1
British
Columbia 8
7
Alberta
11 Newfoundland
9
Manitoba
2
Saskatchewan
Quebec
9
Ontario 3 Prince Edward
5 Island
New 4 Nova
Brunswick Scotia
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 4Incentives and Legislation
Any law or incentive beneficial to EV ownership or usage that the province or territory has put in place.
Areas of focus were vehicle purchase incentives, home charging incentives, commercial/residential
infrastructure programs, and other legislation that promotes the adoption of EVs.
Quebec and British Columbia currently offer the most comprehensive programs in Canada that
target these areas of focus. As of January 1, 2022, charging station operators in the province of
British Columbia are eligible to participate in the BC Renewable and Low Carbon Fuels Requirements
Regulation and Greenhouse Gas Reduction Act (“BC-LCFS”). If you operate charging stations in a
public, fleet, workplace, retail, hospitality, and multi-family residential (five or more dwelling units)
location, you may be eligible to generate credits under the BC-LCFS.
Quebec (Zero Emission Vehicle Standard) and British Columbia (Zero Emissions Vehicle Act) are
the only two provinces in Canada that have provincial mandates for ZEV sales. The impact of this
legislation is that OEMs will be prioritizing zero emission vehicles sales in Quebec and British Columbia
over other provinces and territories.
As of today, almost half the provinces and territories in Canada do not offer any incentives for EVs.
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 5EV Incentives as of December 23, 2022
Electric Home Chargers @ HOV Toll Applicant Program Limitations
Region Vehicle Charger Business Access Access Target End
Date
Federal Up to $5,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A Dealership March 31, Maximum 10
Government 2025 units per year
(Passenger
Vehicles)
Federal Up to N/A N/A N/A N/A Dealership March 31, Maximum 10
Government $200,000 2026 rebates or
(Med/Heavy Class 2B $1MM per
Trucks) to Class 8 year
Alberta N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
British Up to $3,000 50% of 50% of cost to max. Yes N/A Dealership Until funding Maximum 10
Columbia costs to max. of $2,000; $14,000 expires rebates
of $350 max per workplace
Manitoba N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
New Up to $5,000 Up to $750 Program funding N/A N/A Dealership, Until funding
Brunswick ended Driver or expires
Lessee
Newfoundland Up to $2,500 N/A Up to 50% of costs N/A N/A Driver or March 15,
& Labrador to max. of $5,000 Lessee 2023
per L2 charger
Nunavut N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Northwest Up to $5,000 $500 N/A N/A N/A Driver or Funding
Territories Lessee Expired
Nova Scotia Up to $3,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A Driver or Until funding
Lessee expires
Ontario N/A N/A N/A Yes N/A N/A N/A N/A
Prince Edward Up to $5,000 Free Level 2 N/A N/A N/A Dealership Until funding Maximum of
Island expires 5 rebates per
year
Quebec Up to $7,000 $600 Available Yes Ferries Dealership, Expires Minimum
& A30 Driver or March lease term of
Lessee 31/2027 36 months
for 3 or more
rebates
Saskatchewan N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Yukon Up to $5,000 50% of 75% of costs to N/A N/A Driver or Until funding Maximum
costs to max. max. of $7,500 Lessee expires 10 units per
of $750 (ends Mar. 31, 2024) year
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 6EV Adoption Rates
This consumer-driven factor gives us an % of New % of 2026
Rank Province
indication as to which provinces and territories Vehicle Sales Target
are contributing to the EV transition, through 1 British Columbia 14.6% -5.4%
vehicle availability and market maturity. This
factor looks at total new vehicle sales in each 2 Quebec 11.4% -8.6%
province or territory and the number of those
sales that are either BEV and PHEV, and BEV 3 Ontario 5.5% -14.5%
only. The results were then compared to the first
Prince Edward
federally mandated EV sales target set for 2026 4 Island
3.3% -16.7%
to better understand a province or territory’s
5 New Brunswick 2.2% -17.8%
potential to meet this target in the short-term.
5 Manitoba 2.1% -17.9%
Consumers in BC and Quebec lead all of Canada in
new EV purchases through the first quarter of 2022. 7 Saskatchewan 1.5% -18.5%
OEM production constraints and supply chain
issues are expected to continue through 2022 and 8 Alberta 0.1% -19.9%
2023. This will impact the availability of EVs in the
marketplace and could hamper continued growth Note: Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Yukon,
in new EV sales over the short-term. Newfoundland, and Nova Scotia currently have
not published ZEVs as a percentage of new
vehicle sales
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 7Public Charging Infrastructure
This factor looks at the availability and scope of charging infrastructure in each province or territory
and the impact it would have on EV adoption. Examples of some areas of focus were the number
of public chargers, the number of EVSE ports per 100 EVs, and the ratio of DC Fast chargers to
Level 2 chargers.
As stated previously, Canada as a whole, lags behind in charging infrastructure needed. Both Federal
and Provincial governments have made recent announcements related to additional investment in
public infrastructure, but for the short-term, fleets will not be able to rely solely on public charging as
a solution and will need to invest in home chargers for their employees and charging infrastructure at
their places of work.
Public EVSE Availability Map
EVSE Ports per 100 EVs
40 or More
20 - 30
11 - 20
1 - 10
1
Yukon
1
Northwest Territories 0
Nunavut
3
British
Columbia 23
1
Alberta
8
Newfoundland
13
Manitoba
3
Saskatchewan
Quebec
5
Ontario 25 Prince Edward
16 Island
New 1 Nova
Brunswick Scotia
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 8Climate Suitability
Cold weather is known to severely impact battery 40% at -10 degrees celsius. Even hot
efficiency and is therefore a significant factor in temperatures can impact battery efficiency, as
assessing EV readiness. much as 20% when over 30 degrees celsius.
Canada is a colder country by nature and has a The province or territory rankings are an average
geographically expansive territory. EV range is score, rather than exact. Therefore, some larger
an important consideration when transitioning provinces like Ontario or Quebec, may have
your fleet to these vehicles, and it is important varying micro-climates less suited to EVs than
to understand the impact climate can have on their score might suggest. It will still be necessary
these ranges. to assess the specific location in question to
determine feasibility.
Based on a study Geotab completed, the
optimum temperature for battery performance As technology keeps advancing, EV manufacturers
was 21.6 degrees celsius. The study found continue to look to ways to reduce the negative
EV Climate Suitability Scoring
that a battery’s efficiency could be impacted effect of climate on battery efficiency.
by as much as 20% at 0 degrees celsius and
Climate Score
Score KPI Temperature
4-5
no months where the
3-4
5 temparature is above 30C or
2-3 below -10C
1-2 1 or more months where the
4 temparature is above 30C or
0-1 below -10C
2 or more months where the
1.4
3 temparature is above 30C or
below -10C
Yukon
1.4
4 or more months where the
Northwest
Territories
2 temparature is above 30C or
1.4
below -10C
Nunavut
6 or more months where the
4.1 1 temparature is above 30C or
British below -10C
Columbia 2.6
3.2
Alberta
2.0
Newfoundland
2.0 Manitoba
2.0
Saskatchewan
Quebec
2.6
Ontario 4.1
Prince
Edward
Island
4.1 Nova
Scotia
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 9EV Availability (by expected release date)
Data Source: https://electricautonomy.ca/ev-tracker/
Currently Delivering
Auto Maker Due 2022 Due 2023 Due 2024
in Canada
Acura Acura ZDX
Alfa Romeo Alfa Romeo "Brennero"
Arrival Arrival Van (Q4 or 2023)
Audi E-tron , E-tron Sportback,
e-tron GT
BMW BMW iX, BMW i4 BMW i7 (Q4)
Cadillac Lyriq (Q4) Cadillac Celestiq
Canoo MPDV (Q4 or 2023),
Pickup (Q4 or 2023)
Chevrolet Bolt EUV, Bolt EV Equinox electric
crossover (Q3), Blazer
electric SUV (TBA),
electric Silverado pickup
truck (Q2)
Fisker Ocean (Q4 or 2023) Pear (2024)
Ford Mustang Mach-E, F-150 Lightning (Q2) Ford Explorer EV/Edge
E-Transit EV
Genesis G80 Electrified, GV60 Genesis GV70
(Q4 or 2023)
GM BrightDrop Zevo 600 (Q4) Zevo 400
GMC Hummer EV Pickup Hummer EV SUV, Sierra
EV
Honda Prologue
Hyundai KONA Electric, IONIQ 5 IONIQ 6 IONIQ 7
Imperium SEV (Q3 or Q4)
Infiniti
Jaguar Jaguar I-PACE
Jeep Jeep Recon
Wagoneer S
Kia Niro EV, SoulEV, EV6 EV9 (Q3 or Q4)
Lamborghini
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 10EV Availability (by expected release date)
Data Source: https://electricautonomy.ca/ev-tracker/
Currently Delivering
Auto Maker Due 2022 Due 2023 Due 2024
in Canada
Land Rover Range Rover Electric,
Range Rover Sport Electric
Lexus RZ 450e (Q4)
Lotus Eletre SUV
Lotus Evija
Lucid Lucid Air
Maserati Grecale Folgore SUV (Q3 Maserati GranTurismo
or Q4) Folgore
Mazda MX-30
Mercedes-AMG AMG EQS 53 4MATIC+
(Q4), AMG EQE 53
4MATIC+ (Q4)
Mercedez-Benz EQS sedan
EQB SUV, EQE Sedan (Q4), eSprinter (Q3 or Q4) Mercedes-Benz EQE SUV
EQS SUV,
MINI Cooper SE
Nissan Leaf Ariya (Q3)
Polestar Polestar 2 Polestar 3 Polestar 5
Porsche Taycan , Taycan Cross Macan EV Electric 718 Sports Car
Turismo, Taycan Sport (2025)
Turismo
Ram Ram 1500 Revolution
Rivian Rivian R1T (Q3), Rivian R1S
(TBA)
Rolls-Royce Spectre
Subaru SOLTERRA (Q3)
Tesla Model S , Model 3 , Model Cybertruck (Q4) , Roadster
X , Model Y
Toyota bZ4X (Q2)
VinFast VF 8, VF 9 (Q4)
Volkswagen ID.4 (Hanover Production, ID.4 (Chattanooga ID.BUZZ (2024), ID.AERO
sold out) Production) (2024)
Volvo XC40 Recharge , C40 Volvo EX90
Workhorse C-Series
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 11Pathway to a Zero You need to plan the integration of zero emission
vehicles (ZEV's) into your fleet over time. This is not
Pathways to a ZEV Fleet
Emissions Fleet something that happens immediately, transitioning your
standard fleet vehicles takes planning, strategy,
education, and time.
Assess
High level examination of goals, timelines
and feasibility of converting your fleet.
Where to
Start?
Design
More comprehensive & detailed examination,
specific plans on how to integrate
hybrid/electric/hydrogen vehicles into your fleet.
Implement/Pilot
Execution of the plan design.
Manage
You've started the pilot, now it's time to focus
on gathering data and analyzing in order to
optimize and make long term decisions.
We'll Get You There!
Zero
Emission One of the most important decisions you’ll make on your
Fleet
journey to a zero emission fleet is selecting a fleet
management partner. Selecting the right partner upfront is
crucial to scaling your fleet quickly, efficiently, and
cost-effectively.
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 12Acknowledgement
Foss National Leasing understands that the EV transition happening in the automotive
sector reflects a rapidly changing environment. If one province or territory has scored
poorly today, that does not mean that it will continue to score poorly tomorrow. With
the rapid pace of change, new technologies, and new information; Foss National
Leasing will continue to monitor the impact on these factors and we will publish
revised reports on an ongoing basis.
For more information about sources use, please reach out to us at
marketing@fossnational.com
Foss National Leasing: EV Readiness Index 2023 13Are you ready for
electrification?
For more information, reach out to us at marketing@fossnational.com
fossnational.com
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