Busting the FOGO myths - PRESENTATION TITLE HERE Waste 2018 Conference
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DATE HERE
PRESENTATION
TITLE HERE
May 2018
PRESENTED SUBTITLE HERE
Busting the FOGO myths
Waste 2018 Conference
Presented by Virginia Brunton
The Case for Food Organics
$5,000 Plastic bags
Green $ Value
Cost per tonne ($) Large Tonnage Butts
CDs
E waste Returned food
Textiles
Mattresses
Wood
Glass Batteries
$30-$60 Organics- Food
HDPE waste, Manure Fluoro tubes
Concrete
$0
Efficient PET Inefficient
Metals Cardboard
2
EPA growth projections for total organics in NSW -2021
Projected organics growth
2014 recovery
3000
1.1Mt ?
2500
Ref: NSW EPA Draft WARR Infrastructure Strategy
Additional 2000
'000 tonnes
1.4Mt by 2021 1500
1000 Ref: NSW EPA WARR data 2014-
2014 disposal 15 and NSW processors survey
500
1.6Mt
0
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Total = 2.5Mt Years
GO FOGO
3
Growth projections for MSW organics in NSW -2021
Predicted growth in organics recovery
1200
Currently 1000
(2015) 808Kt
'000 Tonnes collected
800
600
Total = 1.1Mt 400
Ref: NSW EPA WARR data 2014-
15 and NSW processors survey
200
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Year
NSW total Linear (NSW total)
Similar trends for other states
4
Composition of Waste to Landfill – From a general
waste Bin (Red)
80%
70% 5% Yellow bin
2%
60% 13%
1%
50%
Weight % 40%
17%
Green bin
30%
53% Organics
20%
35%
10%
0%
MSW
Food organics Garden organics Wood/timber
Paper/cardboard Textiles Other organics
Source: Blue Environment,2014
5
What are the options?
2-bin - residual to MBT
3-bin GO only –
BAU – residual to
MBT or landfill
MBT 1 or 2-bin to EfW
Or
EfW
6 3-bin FOGO
Ready, set, FOGO
FOGO
~13% ~ 53%
~34%
Fortnightly Fortnightly Weekly
7
Economics of FOGO
W F F
50% households have 3 bin
service
720L per fortnight
240L 240L 240L
GO
8
Economics of FOGO
W F
50% households have 3 bin GO
service with GO
720L per fortnight
240L 240L
food
F W
720L per fortnight
FOGO
In time the bin collection
frequencies are reversed
240L 240L
9
~$300 ~$80
/tonne /tonne
Economics of FOGO
W F
50% households have 3 bin
service
720L per fortnight
food
F W
720L per fortnight
~$300 ~$110
/ tonne /tonne
10FOGO wins on cost- So why not go FOGO?
Comparison of landfill cost v. MBT v. FOGO gate fee ($/tonne)
$350
$300
$250
$200
$/tonne
$150
$100
$50
$-
VIC TAS WA QLD Regional Regional Regional Metro NSW Metro NSW Metro NSW
NSW #1 NSW #2 NSW #3 #1 #2 #3
Landfill FOGO AWT
11~$300 ~$80
FOGO economics stack up /tonne /tonne
W F ~ combined
50% households have 3 bin $249/tonne
service based on average residual
(28,700 t) and organics (8,948 t)
WARR 2014-15
food
~53%
~ combined saving ~$70/tonne
F W
$179/tonne
Average metro council ~$2.6m pa
~$300 ~$110
/ tonne /tonne
12National
NSW
35 FOGO
13NSW 14
Sydney 15
Current NSW FOGO rollout
FOGO
Regional councils
45* 26 34
Metro councils
2 38
1
16No go FOGO
Waste managers
consider that:
• The community is not interested;
• It is difficult for Multi-Unit Dwellings
(MUDs);
• The contamination rates are too
high; and
• There are no processors capable of
accepting FOGO.
• No market for the output
Its just too hard?
Staffing and capacity constraints?
Contractual arrangements/interests that maintain
the status quo
17Community is not interested
Have they really been asked? If a FOGO service was introduced would you be willing to participate?
Moyne Shire –
Willingness - 56%,
Metropolitan with caddies 70%
Melbourne
Willingness -71% Murray Shire –
66% say it should Willingness- 72%
be compulsory and would pay
between $1 & $2
per week
The FOGO decision starts with council,
generally not requested by the community Albury City
Willingness - 72%
Participation rate
82%
18Community engagement
Establish a community advisory group (CAG)
Begin community education and discussion 1-2 yrs out from deployment
‘Brand’ the change
Increase communication 6 months before
Establish a “FOGO Friendly Force” (FFF)
Develop key messages-what to do
During deployment provide:
Instruction brochures delivered with kitchen caddies
Stickers placed on bins and/or caddies
Use FFF to discourage contamination –Develop a rewards program
Post Deployment
FFF maintain a presence, auditing bins, advising residents
Maintain media
‘Thanks Campaign’
19Community engagement done well
• Many Councils have done
consultation well.
• Lake Macquarie for example
did:
• A comprehensive options
analysis
• Cost Benefit of options
• Community Consultation
program on all options
• Technology assessment
• Recycling and waste strategy
• Selected a preferred option
• Tendered the preferred option
• Regular and consistent
messaging to community
20Difficult with MUDs
High turn-over
Low care-factor
Bin storage and presentation
21Difficult with MUDs
Options for MUDs
• Provide 660L shared food organics bin, replacing 1 out of every 10 red
bins,
• De-contamination costs built in to contracts
• Provide free kitchen caddy and liners
• Well-researched and resourced MUDs communication including
residents survey
? Need to know what the relative costs are compared to landfilling
Fully engage the body corporate in developing the program
South Korea option – RFID food waste bins
22Difficult with MUDs
Work with strata managers and estate agents
• Resourcing new tenants
• Accessing sites and waste infrastructure
Communication is critical
• Keep it simple, and visual
• Use schools, community groups and face to face ;
• Promote positive messages
• Keep educating, consistent and on-going
Still roll-out to SUDs
23Contamination rate is too high
A recent survey of FOGO service providers showed that typical levels of
contamination levels were manageably low at an average of 2.2%
Council Area Physical contamination (% by weight)
Penrith 4.7%
Parkes, Forbes, Bathurst 1%
Metro Adelaide 5% on a good day, 10% on a bad day
Regional SA + commercial FONo processors, no capacity, no demand
25
50,000 tonne
FOGO facilityNo market for composted FOGO?
NSW – 50 million ha pastures
– 6.5 million ha crops
85% of soils within 200km
of Sydney have less than
1.5% SOC (2.5% desirable)
Paying $26+ /t , $130/t
51,000 ha applied
26What is required? ?Funding for bins? ? Funding for education? ? Need a comprehensive survey of metro councils to understand and overcome the barriers. 27
Making it work
Understand
the business
case
Get the right
plans and
strategies in
place
Communicate &
educate and
keep
communicating
& educating
Maintain and
monitor low
contamination
and high
participation
28Develop the business
case
Cost the Multi-criteria analysis
options
Decide
29Plan strategically
2 step dance
30Communicate
Communicate
before, during and
after
31Making FOGO work bring the
community
along with
you
Do the two-
step dance
Be gradual
Go small Use well-
slowly designed bin
Supply free stickers
caddies and
liners Provide on-
going
Offer differ bins incentives
for different
needs
Reminder
stickers on
residual bins
32Key FOGO points 7.5 million
The opportunity
3.8 million tonnes organic waste annually
NSW recovers 1.6 million tonnes of organics annually with half of
that being GO and only 6% FOGO.
1.8 million tonnes landfilled annually
If all NSW councils shifted to FOGO:
An additional 630,600 tpa of organics would be 630,600 tonnes of FOGO landfilled
recovered annually
The average council would save $2.6 m per annum
The compost sector would nearly double
Need a comprehensive study of what is required to
make it happen
33You won’t be alone… 34
35
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