Annexure -B.Z Copy of approval of Statutory Authorities for all SLM - Calicut University
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Annexure --B.Z Copy of approval of Statutory Authorities for all SLM
Read:-1) UGC Public notice F .NO 74-Bj2O17(DEIS 1V) Dtd 2112t2018 .
2) U.O.No. 5180/201 8/Admn Dated 26.04.201 8.
3) Lr F.No.75- l/20L8(DEB-|V) Dtd 06-06-2018 from the UGC.
4) U.O.No. 684 1 120 1 4/ Admn dated . 1 6.07.20 1 4..
. ORDER
The University Grant Commission ,vide reference cited first, directed the Higher Education
Institutions intending to ofter Programmes through Open and Distance Learning (ODL) mode for the
academic year begining from July -2018 to apply afresh for recognition as per the UGC ODL
Regulations 2C 17.
Vloe paper read second , ihe University issued orders speorfying the approval of the SLMs of ail
Programmes offered under Schooi of Distance Educ€tion.
Vide paper read third, the UGC has insisted to submit the cogy of approyal of Statutory Bodies of
all SLMS sep3rately.
Vide paper read as (4), the Scheme and Syllabus of B.Sc in Mathematics under CUCBCSS UG2014
has been implemented in the University, w.e.f. 2014 Acjrrissions.
The University ( in compliance with the directions frorn UGC on the approvai of SLMs offered under'
SDE) furnishing the details of approved SLMS oifered lor the BSc. Prograrnme in Meti'lematics as
stated below .
SL}ls OF BSc PROGRAMME lN MATHEMATICS
SLMS of Common Cousrses in Enqlish
1) Transactions: Essential Engllsh Language Skills
2) ways With Words
3) Writing for Academic &Professional Success
4) Zeitgeist:Reading on C,onrtemporary culture
5) Signatures: Expressing the Self
6) Spectrum: Literature and Contemporary lssues
SLMS of Common courses Other than English
ll) Hindi
1) Prose and drama
2) Grarnmar Correspondence and
3) Poetry in Hindi
4) Novel and Short Stories
lV) Sanskrit
1) Kavya Literature and Applied Grammar
2) Prose and Applied Grammar
3) Drama and Alankara
4) History of Sanskrit Literature, Kerala '
1 )Mathematical Economics 2)Basic Statistics and probability (l Sem)
1)Mathematical Economics 2) probabilityDistiibutions ([Sem)
1)Mathematical Econcn:ics 2)Statisticai lnterence (lii Sem)
1) Applied Statistics 2) Mathematcai Economics (tV)
SLMs of CORE COURSES
1 .Foundations of Mathematics- I scnlesisr
2.Calculus- ll semester
3.Calculus and Analytic Geometry - lll semester
4.Theory of Equations, Matr.ices and Vector Calculus - IV sernester
5.Differential Equatioas - V semester
6.Vector Calculus- V semester
T.Abstract Algebra - V semester
8.Bas(c Mathematical Analysis- V semester
9.Number Theory and Linear Aigebla- Vl semester
'10. Real Analysis - Vl semester
'! l. Complex Analysis- Vl semester
12. Numerical Methods - Vl sernester
SLMs of Elective courses
'1
. Graph Theory
2. Linear Programming and Game Theory
The Mce Chancellor after having examined the matter in detail, in exercising the powers vested
upon as per Calicut UniveJsity Act'1975 - Se-ction 10 (13) , accorded sanction-for aiproval olthe study
,naierials prepared for B.Sc Programrne in Matiremati'qs ofiereC under Schooi of Diiiance Education
as detailed abcve, subject to ratification Lry Thg Acc65.r.lic Council.
Orders are issued aacordingly
- "{ilr
Geetha M.P.
Deputy Registrar
To
The Concerned
Copy to.-P S to V. C/PA to PVC/pA ro Regiskar/pA to C 9SF/FC
Fonrvarded / By Order
Section Officer
Sctroot of Distance Education-Recogni6on orrrogra.*ffoo.d under open and Distance Leaming mode -Approva!
ofs[]dy mai,.rials of M-A. Programrne in Economics- Sanclioned- orders issued '
Deputy Registrar
To
The Concerned
c,opy to.-P s to v. c/PA to FVC/PA to Registrar/PA to C E/SF/FC
Forwarded / By Order
Section Officer
Absiract
School of Dislance Education-Recognition of Prcgrammes offered under Cpen and Distance Leaming mode -Approval
ofsurdy materials of MA. Prog.amme in English- Sanctioned- orders issued
Orders are issued accoidingly
Deputy Registrar
To
The Concerned
Copy to.-P S to V. C/PA tc PVC/PA to Registrar/PA to C SSF/FC
Forwarded / By Order
SeJiion Officer r
School of Distance Education-Recognition of Programmes offered under Open and Dislance Leaming mode -Approval
of study maErials of MA. ProgEmme in Political Science- Sanctoned- orders issued .
Readil) UGC Public notice F.NO 74-812017( DEIS 1V) Otd 211212018 .
2) U.O.No. 51 80/20 1 8/Admn Dated, Calicut University.P.O, 26.04.20'18.
3) Lr. F.No. 7S l/20L8(DEB-|V) Dtd 06-06-2018.
4).U.O.No. 6165/2016/Admn Dated, 13.05.2016.
ORDER
The University Grant Commission ,vide reference cited first, directed the Higher.Ed-ucation lnstitutions
intending to offer Programmes through open and Distance Learning (oq!l Tqd_e foj the.academic
year bejining frorn Ju-ly -2018 to apfty afresh for recognition as per the UGC ODL Regulations 2017.
vde paper read second , the University issued orders specifying the approval of the sLMs of ail
Programmes offered.under School of Distance Education.
Mde paper read thirc, ucc has insisted to submit the copy of approval of statutory Bodies of all
SLMs separately.
Mde paper read fourth above,orders were issued implementing , the revised scheme & syllabus of
M.A.Political Science under School of Distance Education Programme.
The University ( in coripliance with the directions from UGC on the approval of SLMS offered under
SDE) furnishing the details of sLMs in M.A. Programme in Political science as stated below.
SLMs OF M.A. POLITICAL SCIENCE
Paper I Modern Political Analysis and Political Sociology
Paper 2 Modern lndian Social and Political Thought
Paper 3 lndian Government and Politics
Paper 4 Theories and Concepts of Public Administration
Semester ll
Paper 5 Research MethodologY
Paper 6 Political Theory: Liberal Tradition
Paper 7 lssues in lndian Politics
Paper 8 Comparative Poiitics
Semester lll
Paper I Political Theory : Matxian Traciition
Paper 1O Theories and Concepts of lnternational Politics
Paper 11 Human Rights in lndia
Paper 12lssues ln lndian Administration
Semester lV
Paper 13 State and Society in Kerala
Paper 14 lssues in lnternational Politics
Paper 15India's Foreign Policy
Paper 16 Development Administration and Peoples planning
Paget 17 Ancient and Medieval Political Thought
The Vice Chancellor, after having examineci the matter In detail, in exercising the powers vested
upon as per Calicut University Act'1975 - Se_ction 10 (13) , accorded sanction for apiroval of the study
materials prepared for M A. Prograrnme in Political Science offered under School of Disiance
Eduoation as detailed above, sulr.ject to raiiflcation by The Accademic Council.
. Orders are issued accordingiy l:f/
{ht/
Gee'thd M P
Deputy Registrar
To
The Concerned
Copy to.-P S to V. C/PA tc PVC/PA tc Registrar/pA tc C 9SF/FC
Forwarded / By Order
Section Orf,cer
School of Dislanc€ Educalion-Recognitjon of Programmes offered under Open and Distance Leaming mode -Approval
ofstudy materials of MA Progaarnrne in Sanskrit- Sanciioned- orders ilsued .
Readil) UGC Public notice F.NO 74-812017( DEIS 1V) Dtd 211212018
2) U.O.No. 51 80/20'l 8/Admn Dated, 26.04.20 1 8.
3) Lr. F.No. 75- I /2018(DE&|V) Dtd 06-06-2018 from the UGC.
4) U.O.No.4187/2014ladmn Dtd 25lO4l2O1 4
5) U.O.No.85al201 s/Admn Dtd 28101 l2O1 5.
ORDER
The University Grant commission ,vide reference cited first, directed the Higher Education -
lnstitutions intending to offer Programmes through Open and Distance Learning (ODL)-m-ode for the
academic year begi-ning from Jult -2018 to apply afresh for recognition as per the UGC ODL
Regulations 2017.
Vide paper read second , the university issued orders specirying the approval of the sLMs of all
Programmes oifered under School of Distance Education.
Vide paper read third, the UGC has insisted to submit the mpy of approval of Statutory Bodies of all
SLMs separately.
Mde Paper read fourth above, the scheme and Syllabi of Id.A. Programme in sanskrit (General)
has been impiementecj in the University frcm 2014 admission onwards.
vde paper read fifth above the Scheme and syllabi of M.A. Programme in sanskrit (sahithya) has
been implemented in the University from 2015 admission onwards-
The University ( in compliance with the directions from UGC on the approval.of SLMs offered under
SDE) furnishingihe details of sLMs offered for the M A Programme in sanskrit as stated below .
SLMs OF I M.A. SANSKRIT (SAHITHYA)
Pape l-Poetry and Poetics-l
Paper ll -Prose and Drama
Paper lll-Manuscriptology
Paper lV -Nyaya and Vyakarana -l
Paper V-Poetics-ll
Paper Vl-Poetics-lll
Paper Vll-Poetics lV
Paper Vlll-Poetics V
Paper lX-Nyaya and VYakarana-!!
Paper X-Nirukta and Mimamsa
PaperXl-Dramaturgy
PaperXll-Poetics Vl
Paper xlll-Elements of lndian Philosophy
Paperxlv-Traditional Sanskrit Theatre of Kerala
Paper)O/-Comparative Linguistics
PaperX/l-Comparative Literary TheoriesPaperXVll-General Essay
SLMs OF M.A.SANSKRIT
Pape:'l- Poetry and Drar.na
Paper ll- Dramaturgy
Paper lll - Mahabhashya and NiruKa
Paper lV Elements of lnoian Philosophy
Paper V - Dhanyaloka and V)r'aktiviveka
Paper Vl -Sinddhantha Kaun-udi
Paper Vll - Vakrokttli'/iia
Paper Vlll - Comparative Linguistics
Paper lX Rasagangadhara
Paper X Kavyaprakasa
Paper Xl Dvanyaloka(ll and lU
Paper Xll Ancient lndian Science and Technology
Paper Xlll Nyaya and Mimamsa
Paper XIV Vedanta
Paper XV Manuscriptology
Paper: )(\/l Comparative Literary Theory
Paper X/ll General Essay
The Vice chancellor, after ha!:ng examined the matier in detail, ir exercising the powers vested
upon as per calicut univ,srsiiy Aci'1975 - section 10 ('13) , acmrded sanction foi app;oval of the study
materials prenared for M A. Programme in Sanskrit offe.ed under schooi of Distancb Education as
detailed above, subject to ratificaiion by The Accademic Council.
Orders are issued accordingly.
Forwarded / By Order
Section OfficerSchool of Distance Education-Recogniton of Programmes ofiered under Open and Distance Leaming mode -Approval of shrdy materials of M Com Programme -Sanclioned- o!'ders issued
materials prepareC for Mfum Programme offered under School of Distance Education as detailed
above, subject to ratification by The Accademic Councii.
Orders are issued accordlngly
Deputy Registrar
The Concerned
Copy to.-P S to V. C/PA to PVC/PA to Registrar/PA to C FJSFIFC
Forwarded / By Order
Section OfficerSchool of Distance Educalion-Recognition of Programmes offered under Open and Distance Leaming mode -Approval
of study materials of MSc ProglErnmei. Mathematics Sanctioned- orders issued
Orders are issued accordingly
Deputy RegistrarThe Concerned
Copy to.-P S to V. C/PA tc pVC/pA to Registfar/p/\ to C ZStr/FC
Foiwarded / By O.cjer
Section OficerAnnexure-B3 Copy of approval of StatutoryAuthorities for all PPR
Readil) UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017 dated 23.06.2017.
2) University Order No.684 1/2014/Admn dated 16.07 .2C11
3) Crders of the Vice chancelor dated 14.06.2018 in the fite 47926/SDE-A-ASST_
2l2O18lAomn
ORDER
As per the reference read(1), th3 University Grants Commission(UGC) has pubtished UGC(Open
and Distance Learning) Regulations- 2017 in the OfFicial Gazette of the Government of lndia on
- 23.06.2017. As per these regulations, the UGC has directed all Higher Educational lnstitutions to
prcparc a detailed Programme Project Report for each programme proposed to be offered from the
academic session beginning on July 20'18.
As per the reference read(2), the Syllabus for the Bachelor of Science in Mathematics programnre
has been implemented in the University.
As per the guidelines given in Annexure lX of the UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017, detaileci
Programme Project Report for the Bachelor of Science in Mathematics programme for the academic
session beginning on July 2018 is prepared and submitted to the Mce Chancellor.
After examining the matter in detail, the Vice Chancellor , in exercising the powers vested upon him
as per Section 10( 13) of the Calicut University Act -1975 granted approval for the Programme Project
Report for the Bachelor of Science in Mathematiasprogramme, subject to ratification by the Academic
Council.
Orders are issued accordingly.
Forwarded / By Order
Section OfficerRead:-1) UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017 dated 23.06.2017 .
2) University Order No.cA lVlB2l4114l2O1O dated 19.08.2010
3) Orders of the Mce chancellor dated 14.06.2018 in the file 47926/SDE-A-ASST-
212018lAdnn.
ORDER
As per the reference read(l), the University Grants Commission(UGC) has published UGC(Open
and Distance Learning) Regulations 2017 in th,e Official Gazefte of the Government of lndia on
23.06.2017. As per these regulations, the UGC has directed all Higher Educational institutions to
pteparc a detalled Programme Project Report for each programme proposed to be offered from the
academic session beginning on July 2018.
As per the reference read(2), the Syllabus for the Master of Arts in Economics programme has
been implemented in the University.
As per the guidelines given in Annexure lX of the UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017, detailed
Programme Pro.iect Report for the Master of Arts in Economics programme for the academic session
beginning on July 2018 is prepared and submitted to the Vice Chancellor.
After examining the matter in detail, the Vice Chancellor , in exercising the powers vested upon him
as per Section 10(13) of the Calicut UniversityAct -1975 granted approval for the Programme Project
Report for the Master of Arts in Economics programme, subject to ratification by the Academic
Council.
Orders are issued accordingly.
Deputy Registrar
Forwarded / By Order
Secdon OfficerRead:-1) UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017 dated 23.06.2017 .
2) University Order No.GA lV/82l5893/2001 dated 31.05.2002
3)Orders of the Vice Chancellor dated 14.06.2018 in the f,le 47926/SDE-A-ASST-
2l2O18lAdmn
ORDER
As per the reference read(1), the University Grants Commission has published UGC(Open and
Distance Learning) Regulations'2o17 in the Official Gazette of the Government of lndia on 23.06.2017.
As per these regulatlons, the. UGC has directed all Higher Educational lnstitutions to prepare a
detailed Programme Project Report for each programme proposed to be offered from the academic
session beginning on July' 2018.
As per the reference read(2), the Syllabus for the Master of Arts ln English programme has been
implemented in the University.
As per the guidelines given in Annexure lX of the UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017, detailed
Programme Project Report for the Master of Arts in English programme fcr the academic session
beginning on July ' 2018 is prepared and submitted to the Mce Chanc€llor.
After examining the mafter in detail, the Vice Chancellor , in exercising the powers vested upon him
as per Section 10(13) of the Calicut University Act -1975 granted approval for the Programme Project
Report for the Master of Arts in English programme, sub.iect to ratification by the Acadeniic Council.
Orders are issued accordingty.
Deputy Registrar
Forwarded / By Order
Section OfFicerAbstract
ScLool of Dislance Educ€tion- Programme Project Report ilr Masier of Arts in Political Science programme for tle
academic year 2018-19- approved- orders issued
Read:-1) UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017 dated 23.06.2017.
2) Orders of the Mce Chancellor dated 14.06.2018 in the file 47926/SDE-A-ASST-
2l2O18lAdmn
ORDER
As per the reference read(1), the University Grants Cornmission has published UGC(Open and
Distance Learning) Regulations '2017 in the Official Gazette of the Government of lndia on
23.06.2017. p'S per these regulations, the UGC has directed all Higher Educational lnstitutions lo
prepate a detailed Programme Project Report for each programme proposed to be ofFered from the
academic session beginning on July' 20'18.
As per the reference read(2), the Syllabus for the Master of Arts in Polltical Science programme
has been implemented in the University.
As per the guidellnes given in Annexure lX of the UGC(ODL) Regulations '2A17, detailed
Programme Project Report for the Master of Arts in Political Scienc.e programme for the academic
session beginning on July'2018 is prepared and submitted to the Mce Chancellor.
After examining the mjtter in detail, the Mce Chancellor , in exercising the powers vested upon him
as per Section 10(13) of the Calicut University Act -1975 granted approval for the Programme Project
Report for the Master of Arts in Political Science programme, subject to raiification by the Academic
Council.
Orders are issued accordingly.
Deputy Registrar
Forwarded / By Order
Section OfficerUN]VERSITY OF CALICUT
School of Distanc€ Educa[on- Programme ero1"a Auffii* ruaster of Arts in
year 2018-19- approved- orders issued
ORDER
As per the reference read(1), the University Grants Commission has published UGC(Open and
Distance Learning) Reguiations' 2017 in the Official Gazette of the Government of lndia on
23.06.2017. As per these regulations, the UGC has directed all Higher Educational lnstitutions to
orepare a detailed Programme Project Repoit for each programme proposed to be ofFered from the
academic session beginning on July'2018.
As per the reference read(2), the Syllabus for the Master of Arts in Sanskrit programme has been
implemented in the University.
As per the guidelines given in Annexure lX of the UGC(ODL) Regulations' 2017, det;iled
Programme Project Report for the Master of Arts in Sanskrit programme for the academic session
beginning on July 2018 is prepared and submitted to the Vice Chancellor.
After examining the mafter in detail, the Vice Chancellor, in exercising the powers vested upon him
as per Seciion 10(13) of the Calicut UniversityAct -1975 granted approval for the Programme Project
Report for the Master of Arts in Sanskrit programme, subject to ratification by the Academic Council.
Orders are issued accordingly.
Forwarded / By Order
Section OfficerReadjll UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017 dated 23.06.2017 .
2) University Order No.8965/201s/Admn dated 20.08.2015
3)Orders of the Vice Chancellor dated 14.06.2018 in the file 47926/SDE-A-ASST-
212018lAdmn
ORDER
As per the reference read(l), the University Grants Commission has published UGC(Open and
Distance Learning) Regulations 2017 in the Official Gazette of the Government of lndia on
23.06.2017. As per these regulations, the UGC has directed all Higher Educational lnstitutions to
prepare a detailed Programme Project Report for each programme proposed to be offered frorn the
academic session beginning on July 2018.
As per the reference read(2), the Syllabus for the Master of Commerce programme has been
implemented in the University.
As per the guidelines given in Annexure lX of the UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017, detailed
Programme Project Report for the Master of Commerce programme for the academic session
beginning on July 2018 is prepared and submitted to the Mce Chance:lor.
After examining the matter in detail, the Vice Chancellor, in exercising the powers vested upon him
as per Section 10(13) of the Calicut University Act -1975 granted approval for the Programme Project
Report for the Master of Commeroe programme, subject to ratmcation by the Academic Council.
Orders are issued accordingly.
Deputy Registrar
Forwarded / By Order
Section Officerin Mathematics prog€mrne for fle
Read:-1) UGC(ODL) Regulations 2017 dated 23.06.2011 .
2) Orders of the Mce Chancellor dated 14.06.2018 in the file 47926/SDE_A_ASST-
2l2O18lAdmn
ORDER
As per the referenc€ read(1), the university Grants commission has published UGC(open and
Distance Learning) Regulations' 2017 in the official Gazette of the Government of lndia on
23.06.2017. As per these regulations, the UGC has directed all Higher Educational Institutions to
prepare a detailed Programme Project Report for each programme proposed to bg offered from the
acadernic session beginning on July'2018.
As per the reference read(2), the Syllabus for the Masler of Science in Mathematics programme
has been implemented in the University.
As per the guidelines given in Annexure lx of the UGC(oDL) Regulations' 2o1l, detailed
Programme Project Report for the Master of Science in Mathematics programme for the academic
session beginning on July 2018 is prepared and submitted to the Vice Chancellor.
After examining the matter in detail, the Vice Chancellor , in exercising the powers vested upon him
as per Section 10(13) of the Calicut UniversityAct -1975 granted approval for the Programme project
Report for the Master of Science in Mathematics programme, subject to ratific€tion by the Academic
Council.
Orders are issued accordingly.
Deputy Regiskai
FoFwarded / By Order
Section Officerschool of Distance Education - Action^laken bf/ [,e ,"" programme prolecls
ro, naving implemented he Reoo(s
and self Leaming MaGrials for tle 12 Post Graduate &"#* 14 uncer Graduate programmes ofered under schoot of
Educalior exercising the powers vested upcn h!n1 as pe[ the calicu: Distance
un;versity Acl-1g75 -section .lo(13) - Ratified by he
Academic councir at its meeting herd on 18{7-18
,item No- a eo - sanctineo -oroers -issued.Copy of Programme Project Report
Programme Project Report (PPR)
for Distance Learning Programme
under School of Distance Education
School of Distance Education
University of Calicut
Malappuram District
Kerala 673635Bachclor of Science (Mathematics)
PROGRATtrDIE PROJECT REPORT (PPR)
L. Programme's Mission and Objectives :
i. Mission
' B. Sc Mathematics prograulme involves basic studies of
the subjects lying a strong foundation which would support
employability as well as backgound for higher studies. AIso this
programme provides a good measure of flexibility and choice as
per interest. Therefore, a significant increase of interest in
Mathematics has been grown among different disciplines as well
as other areas of life in recent past. With ftat spfuit in mind and
keeping the mission that to foster the analytical skills among the
students, so that they develop the traits of being potentially
employable in their career, the School of Distance Education,
University of Calicut, started under graduate Mathematics course.
ii. Objectives
> To attain proficiency in identifying, reflecting, evaluating,
and applying different types of in-formation and knowledge
to form independent judgment.
> To provide better understanding of basic nrles of logic and
enable the students to articulate the differences between
inductive and deductive ieasoning.
> To provide proficiency in formulating conjectures by
abstacting general principles from examples.
> To enable the students to formglate and solve abstract
mathematical problems.To enable the students to apply mathematical methodologies
in real-world problems.
To enable the students to present Mathematics clearly and
precisely to an audience, and to describe mathematical ideas
from multiple perspectives.
Relevance of the program with IIEI's Mission and Goals:
' The B. Sc Mathematics course has great relevance with the
Mission and Goal set by the University of Calicut. The primary aim of
this programme is to acquaint the learners with the core values of life.
After B. Sc Mathematics, the students shall be in a position to pursue
higher studies, depending upon their competence and knowledge in
Mathematics. The programme will also help the leamers to keep abreast
with the latest developments in Mathematics from national and
intemational stand points.
The objective of program is to produce graduates who are well grounded
in the fundamentals of Mathematics and acquisition of the necessary
skills, in order to use their knowledge in Mathematics in a wide range of
practical application, develop creative thinking and the power of
imagination to enable graduates work in research in academia and
industry for broader application, accommodate their relevant fields in
allied disciplines and to allow the gaduates of Mathematics to fit into the
inter-disciplinary environment.
Nature of prospective target group of learners:
The B. Sc Mathematics programme is in demand for large
number of human resource in various fields' This programme has been
welcomed by those who missed the opporufty for higher science
education. As per the needs of the leamers; the university has prepared
course curriculum of this progamme.
The prospective target goup of learners are :-
. Workingprofessionals. Unemployed graduates
. Academic faculty
. Home makers
Appropriateness of programme to be conducted in Open and
Distance Learuing mode to acquire specific skills and competence :
B. Sc Mathematics progamme will meet the learning
aspiration for Mathematics by providing a chance to those who had to
discontinue their formal education or could not join regular colleges or
Universities owing to social, economic, and other constaints. It is 3 years
programme. In the first two years, focus is on the basic papers in
Mathematics such as Foundations of Mathematics, Calculus, Calculus
andAnalytic geomefy, and Theory of equations, matrices and vector
calculus. In the third year, focus is on the skill-based papers including
Abstract algebra, Differential equations, Real analysii, -omplex anal"ysis,
Numerical methods, Number theory an Linear algebra wtrlctr witt tretp
the students to prusue the higher studies in these topics.
Besides imparting theoretical knowledge, the University
_
provides the oppornrnity to the human resource, basically to those who
are financially backward and rural people to get a quality education in
Mathematics, which can fr:lfill the demand of the society.
Instructional Design :
i) Curriculum Design
Sl Course Course Title
No. Code
First Year : Semestenl
ENG1A01 The Four Skills for 20 80
Communication
(Common CourseProgramme Duration : Course duration is 3 years with 6
semesters
Faculty and support staff requirement:
There is one fuItr time faculty member available to
coordinate B. Sc Programme in Mathematics. Supporting staff
from the School of Distance Education are performing the
administrative functioning for all the programs. The service of
qualified guest teachers and experts from panels approved by the
Vice Chancellor are used in preparation of study materials, for
taking contact classes and conducting internal evaluation.
Instrructional delivery rnechanism :
The academic contents are being delivered to the students
through study learning materials and contact classes as stipulated
by norms of the Distance Education Programme. Normally, contact
classes are held as per a schedule drawn beforehand by the Study
Centre Coordinator. They are held on weekends. Eminent teachers
from SDE and other institutes drive these classes with their vast
experience and help the learners to understand the subject better.
6. Procedure for admission, curricuhun transaction and evaluation :
Admission Procedure: The Application form can be downloaded from
the offieial university website. The filied in registration form along with
the required documents should reach the Director, School of DistanceEducation within the prescribed date mentioned in ttre admission
notification.
Eligibility:
Candidates who have passed (Eligible for higher srudies) the
HSE of Kerala State Board of Higher Secondary Examination or any
other examination recognized as equivalent there to with Mathematics
goup only are eligible for admission to B Sc Mathematics.
Fee Structure:
Fee
Registration Fee (Admission Fee)
Course Fee
Mauiculation Fee
Re- matriculation Fee
Recognition Fee
Postage Charges
SpotAdmission Fee
Matriculation fee for those who are enrclling intJniversity of
Calicut for the first time
Re-matriculation fee for those who have migrated from the
University of Calicut to other [Jniversities
Recognition fee for those who have qualified frcm Boardil
Unr'versities of other States
Postage charges for those who not availing the facility of Spot
admission
Spot admission fee for those who are availing the spot
admission facilityFinancialAssistance: Concession for tuition fee will be given to SC/ST
and OEC students. The students belonging to SC/ST and OEC category
witl be admitted to the programme without remitting the tuition fee, only
if they are not employed in GovUQuasi Govt/Public Sector Services.
They should submit the duly filled in application form (available in the
SDE website) for fee concession with relevant documents at the time of
admission. No fee concession for OBC students.
. Visually challenged candidates are also eligible for fee concession on
production of Medical Certificate.
Curiculum transaction and evaluation:
Curriculum is transacted in the Distance mode with the help of
study materials and contact classes. Evaluation is by end semester
examinations. End Semester Examihations are conducted by the
Controller of Examinations, University of Calicut. The written exams
carry B0 marks per paper. The examiners for evaluation are drawn from
the panel of examineri available for the corresponding flisciplines in the
regular mode.
Academic planner for the UG programmes proposed for the
academic session JulY 2018
of l$Semester
of llndSemester StudY ."tweek of April 2019
of lll'd Semester StuciY 't week of July 20L9bution of lVhsemester Study
week of December 2020
7 . Requirement of the laboratory support and Library Resources :
The SDE has its own library with a good collection of books,
periodicals, reference books etc. Students can make use of the library
resources and the reference services by producing their Student'i ID card.
8. Cost estimate of the progr.rmme :
Sl. No Erpenditure Cost estimate for B. Sc
Mathematics Programme
proposed to be offered
from July 2018( 1000
snrdents expected)
L Cost of SLM preparation 400,000
including DTP charges
2 Printing and distribution of 1-,1_65,500Work effectively and constuctively as part of a team
Motivate and communicate complex ideas accurately using a
range of formats
Identify and benefit from opportunities for personal and career
development
Learn effectively
c
6p"
F/'Programme Project Report (PPR)
for DistanceLearning Programme
under School of Distance Education
Master of Arts in Economics
2018-19
School of Distance Education
UniversitY of Calicut
MalaPPuram District
Kerala 673635Master of Arts (Economics)
1. University of Calicut
The University of Calicut is th'e largest University in Kerala. Established in the year
1968, it is the second university to be set up in Kerala. The University aims to nuture excellence
in education and research in its catchment areas of Northem Kerala, historically consigned to the
periphery of Kerala's academic map. The University lays its emphasis on fostering quality
human resource and promoting productive research that benefit btith local communities and
wider humanity. The University was created through a Government plan bifurcating Kerala
University. As per the plan, the four post-graduate departments of the University of Kerala
operating in Calicut were annexed to the new University along with fifty four constituent
colleges spread across seven northem districts. Wth 'Nirmaya Karmana Sree' as it motto, the
University has been able to surmount all challenges and emerge as the Iargest residential cum
affiliating Univercity in Kerala. With 30 post graduate departrnents and 426 colleges it has
become a beacon of hope and enlightenment for hundreds of thousands of young men and
women in North Kerala.
2. The School of Distance Education
The School of Distance Education, formerly known as the 'Institute of Correspondence
Courses and Continuing Education', University of Calicut, started functioning in the Academic
year 1981-82. Now it is one of the major Departrnents of the university and has also emerged as
one of the major distance education providers. SDE is making all its effort to extend its suppon
to reach the unreached and has been keen in providing facilities in distance mode for the benefit
of the deprived sections of the society. It caters to the needs of thousands of students from
various parts of the country.
Its vision and mission include:
r The School of Distance Education shall endeavor to create novel realms of education
embrating creativity and innovations to enhance aciess to and reach of quality higher
education.To provide distance learning opportunities to the unreached and enable them to
pursue
quality higher education leading to competence of a high order.
3. Details of the Proposed MA programme
a. Programme'sMission & Obiectives
Mission
to
In line with the mission of the School of Distance Education, University of Calicut,
ensure quality human resources, the programme MA Economics aims to the
formation of
productive
economists suitable for local and global needs and shape the students to be
of
contributors and leaders of today's dyndmic world ancl enable them to be the mechanism
change in our develoPing economy'
Objectives :
r.
. To provide a sound understanding of the fundamental principles and models
of
real-
modern economics in depth, and be able to apply them to a wide range of
world issues
. To make the students able to integrate theoretical knowledge with quantitative
and
qualitative evidence in order to explain past economic events and to formulate
predictions on future ones.
. To develop the capacity to analyze the socio-political and economic issues in the
language of an economist and to forrnulate informed opinions on policy issues
and
recognize the validity of opposing viewpoints
. To impart the analytical and empirical skiils necessary to succeed in securing
professional emPloYment
. To provide * opportunity to venture into research in economics and there by
contribute to the creation of
knowledge
Students will demonstrate the ability to recognize when change is appropriate,
to
' country's
adapt to change as it occurs, and to take the lead in creating change as the
economic environment changes.
b. Relevance of the Programme with HEI',s Mission anil Goals
In congruence with the vision and mission of the University of Calicut, in vowing to
ensure quality higher education to the unreached, the programme MA Economics offered through
and to make the
distance education envisaged to provide skilled manpower to the economy
students to be the productive citizens. It has the potentials to build
quaiity human resources who
are the agents of economic development.MA Economics in distance mode will be the threshold of venture of research. It follows
the same syllabus of the programme offered in the regular mode through the affiliated colleges of
the University of Calicut
c. Natute of Prospective Target Group of Learners:
Economics is a multifaceted subject which has global dimensions and a MA programme
in Economics is oriented towards teaching, research and service to the public
The prospective target group of leamers is:-
o MA Programme in Economics has wide demand but only a small percentage of students
are being accommodated through regular mode through colleges. Therefore MA
Programme through distance mode will be helpful for those who could not join regular
colleges owing to social, economic and other constnints such as eligibility for enrolment,
age of entry, time and place etc
. Students who nourish research aims in Economics and also for those who are seeking job
oppomrnities in professions that ask for the degree in 'Economics
o Students of the weaker sections of the society and the person who are unable to pay high
fee charged by private or other institutions for the same course.
Understanding the needs of learners we have structured our leaming material and programmes to
lead and prepare the students to cater the needs of a developing economy
d. Appropriateness of the Programme to be conducted in Open and Distflnce
Learning moile to acqufue specific Skills ond Competence
The programme aims at providing quality education at affordable cost. It also enhances
the skill and efficiency of leamers in Economics perspective.
The MA Programme in Economics is an innovative programme, utilizing self- leaming
materials that are self-explanatory self-contained and self motivating along with an interactive
personal contact programme component. It aims to develop following skills in the students:
. to have comprehensive knowledge of modem economics and economic theories as
an academic discipline
. Enhancing the scope for the employability of ihe snrdents by meeting requiremens
of careers which needs the understanding and analysis of contemporary events
5'r ability to recognize when change is appropriate and to adapt to change a, and to take the
lead in creating change for economic and social development
. Apply economic analyses to their day to day life and Identify the benefits and costs of
a global economy
e.Instructional Design
Coufse Stucturs of MAEcanomics orogramme
Compulsory papers
Paper Title of the paper Max mark
Paper L Micro Economic theory L75
Paper 2 Macroeconomic theory 175
Paper 3 Quantitative methods for L75
economic analysis
Paper 4 Development issues of L75
lndian economy
Paper 5 lnternationa I economics 775
Optional papers
Paper Title of the paper Max
mark
Econometrics methods
Mathematical economics L75
Oevetopmental economics t75
Public finance courses L75
Paper Banking with special reference from
6 to lndia these 11
Paper Ao ricultural economics
7 lndustrial economics
Paper Techniques of Planning
I Transport economics
ffiktnoqghlq qqpte!-g4
PollEaaf economy of
Viva voce 100
t-Duration of the programme : 2 Years
Faculty and Suppott Staff Requirement .' There are two fulI time fnculty members available
and one of them coordinates the MA Programme in
Economics. There is sufficient staff support from
the SDE office for processing administrative work.
The service of qualified guest teachers and experts
from panels approved by the Vice Chancellor are
used in the preparation of leaming materials, for
taking contact classes and conducting internal
evaluation.
Instuctional D el ivery Mechanisms : The methodology of instruction is different from
the conventional mode of teaching. Most of the
instructions are imparted through distance education
methodology rather than face to face mode of
communication. In addition to providing SeIf
Learnhg Material, students are offered contact
hours each year conducted over 12 days. Classes
are taken using audio visual aids, and students are
encouraged to use web nesources
Curriculum Thansaction anil Evaluation:
: Application is to be submitted online using the
online registration facility provided in the university
website. The printout of the application along with
the required documents should be submitted to the
School of Distance Education either directly or by
post.
Minimum Eligibility for Admission : i).Students under Marks Scheme:
BA Degree of this UniversitY with
Economics/Foreign Trade/Development Economics
(Main) or equivalent degree with at least 4570 of
marks for Part Ill(excluding subsidiaries) OR BSc.
Degree of this University with Statistics /
Mathematics (Main) or equivalent degree with at
least 70Yo marks for Part III (excludingProgramme Project Report (ppR)
for Distance Learning Programme
under School of Distance Education
Master ofArts in English
School of Distance Education
University of Calicut
Malappuram District
Kerala 673635UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
I
School of Distance Education
Master of Arts (English)
(PPR)
PROGRAIVTME PROJECT REPORT
L. UniversitY of Calicut
L968' It is
is the laryest university in Kerala, estabrished in the year
The university of caricut
in Kera,a. The university aims to nurture excellence in
the second university to be set up
consigned to the
research in its catchment areas of Northern Kerala, historically
education and
on fostering quality
of Kerala's academic map. The University lays its emphasis
periphery
communities and
and promoting productive research that benefit both rocar
human resource
wider humanitY.
motto, the university has been able
to surmount all
witl, .Nirmaya Karmana sree, as it
cum aff,iating university in Kerala'
wit' 30
as the largest residential
charenges and emerye
postgraduatedepartrrrensand4B0collegesithasbecomeabeaconofhopeandenlightenment the
Besides restnrcturing
of thousands of young men and women in North Kerara.
for hundreds
M'PhiyPh'D
and post-graduate courses, the universrty has introduced integrated
graduate
years' Apart from the regular mode'
calicut university
prograrnmes from 2004-05 academic
offers courses in distance mode'
has launched new
the demand for trained personnel in emerging areas, the University
To meet
progralnmesincomputerapplication&informationtechnology,healthsciences,fashiondesign,
Yet another
printing technology, computer hardware and automobile engineering'
social work,
Technology
of the university Institute of Engineering
effort in this direction is the estabrishment
and communication,
the main campus. The Institute offers B.Tech courses in electronics
on
and IT steams'
printing technology, elecuical and elecuonics
examination to become
and computerisa:tion of University
AdminisEation tl[ough E-Governance
and modemization of
establishment of smart class rooms
the first digital University in Kerala,language in the post graduate level.'
to other culturd and artistic forms. a,'.,i't
To impart and fine tune English language skills essential for
ii ti
vertical professional mobility.
:.
. To foster teaching, research and extension activities for the'creation of new knowledge
for the development of society. To hetp in the creation and development of manpower that would
provide intellectual leadership to the community
3.2 Relevance of the programme with HEI's Mission and Goals:
Offered in distance mode, M A English Programme will enable,sqd.ents, particularly thoser,vho
could not join regular colleges or universities owing to social, ec'onomic and other constraints, to
understand English language and Literature with the support of various learning support
facilities.
3.3 Nature of prcspective target group of learnersthe
For this purpose, we have sUuctured our leaming material and induction progralnmes to lead
fresh leamers through the threshold of higher education, and lead them through the course
of the
prograrnme and the final evaluation.
3.4 Appropriateness of programme to be conducted in open and Distance Learning mode to
acquire specific skills and competence
The M A English prograrnme offered in distance mode enables pupils who are unable
to pursue
university education as full time candidate for various reasons, since the course design, study
materials, duration of the programme and contact classes have been ananged to suit their
progress
convenience. A solid foundation in English language and literature helps the candidates
in their respective careers. Moreover, the syttabus of the Programme covers the whole gamut of
concerls in the literary studies. The student undergoing this cou$e is sure to acquire a
comprehensive understanding of literary theory criticism, translati3n, world literanrres and
issues of social concern like the environment. ln that respect it also enables one to become a
diligent citizen mdowed with a sensibility attuned to the concerns of the world-
3.5 Instrrrctional Design
of Calicut
The M A English prcgramne proposed here has been approved by the board of studies
papers'
We have created a panel of experts to prepare study materials and question
University.
The candidates will be supplied with study materials from time to time and will be
required to
materials, question
attend the contact classes regularly. More over we have uploaded all the study
banks and other learning aids in the website of Calicut University.
3.5.2 Programme Details
Criticism andTheory: A SuweY
British literature suryey: from ttie age of chaucer to the
romantic age
British literature survey: from the Victorian age to 1-940
Electives Optional GrouPShakespeare
British and Continental Drama
World Drama
Post Colonial Literature
Indian Writing in English Optional Group
B
Malayalam Literature in Translation a
Viva Voce
British Literature Survey- L940 to present
The English language - history and structure
American Literature Optional Group
C
Canadian Literature
European Poetry
Linguistics
Theory : An In-depth StudY
Translation Theory
Teaching of English
English For Communication
Writing for the Media
Viva Voce
3.5.4 Faculty and support staff requirement
There is only one full time faculty member available and we have
coordinator in each study centres of SDE. The service of
qualified guest ,anditxPertpanels approved by the university are used in the preparation of SLM for taking contact classes
and conducting evaluation.
3.5.5 Instructional delivery mechanisms
Inaddition to providing SLMs prepared in Iine with the UGC guidelines on preparation of
SLMs, students are being offered contact classes for each 5gme.ster. The personal contact
programmes are being taken using audio visual aids, and snrdents are encouraged to use web
resources to prepare personal notes, videos etc.
3.5.6 Student Support Service Systems at SDE
within the
The SDE establishes Leamer Support Centres for the students at different locations
jurisdiction of the University to facilitate contact classes and practical.sessions.
Library Facility
quarter of SDE
WE have set up a library with good collection of books and journals at the head
(C.H. Mohammed
for references. . Reference service of the Calicut University Cenual Library
centers are also
Koya Library) in the campus and service of Library at the University study
offered.
Hand Book - provides General information about the institution, courses and facilities
offered,
courses, Admission
overview of the various UG, pG, professional/job-oriented and certificate
procedures & Re- admission, Academic Insuuctions, Rules and regulations and details of
University Examinations & Fee structure.
- sDE inuoduced a pennanent academic calendar for its cources which
Academic calendar
of courses'
ensures systematic perfomrance and time bound completion
&
website - The main form of information Dissemination which include Notifications
Syllabus' Study Materials
Information, Online Registration & ID Card, Contact Class schedule,
and Question Bank.3.6 Procedure for admissions, curriculum transaction and evaluation:
3.6.l Admission
The admission notifications for M A English Programme, .rmong others are being issued in
leading national and regional dailies during June-July. The detailed information regarding
admission is being given on the SDE website and on the admission website. Snrdents seeking
admission shall apply online.
3.6.2 Minimum Eligibility for Admission
a) Students under Marks Scheme:
BA English Lang. & Litt./BA English & HistorylBA Functional English with at least 45oh marks
for English Main Papers or BA/B.Sc (excluding alternative pattem) Degree with at least 45olo
marks in Part I English of this University or equivalent degree. OBC/OEC candidates are eligible
to relaxation up to 5%o. SC/ST candidates need only to get a pass.
b)Students under Grade Scheme; BA English Language & Literature/BA English & History/BA
Functional English or BA. B.Sc (excluding altemative pattern) Degree with English as common
coume of this university or equitalent degree with option
3.6.3 Fee Structure
Application fee - 200INR
Admission Fee - 250INR
M A English Course Fee - 2000 INR for one Year
Matriculation Fee - 100 INR
Re maticulation Fee - 150lNR
Recognition Fee -'150 INR
btPostage Charges - 50INR
SpotAdmission Fee - 50 INR
3.6.4 Financial Assistance
SC/ST/OEC students are eligible for concession from payment of tuition fees, only if they are
not employed in Govt./Quasi Govt./Public Sector services. They should apply for fee concession
with relevant documents in the prescribed application (availabte in the SDE website) at the time
of admission. No fee concession for OBC students. Blind candidates are also eligible for fee
concession on production of Medical Certificate. '':"
3.6.4 Academic Calendar
Activity From
Admission Last week of June 2018
Distribution of I" Semester Study 2ndweek of July 2018 2od week of August 2018
Materials
I" Semester Contact Classeses Last week of July 2018 Last week of October 2018
Commencement of I" Semester I't week of January 20L9 Last week of January 2019
examination
Publication of results IIod week of May 2019
Distribution of [Iod Semester Snrdy II"dweek of February 2019
Materials
IIod Semester Contact Classes IIod week of February 2019 Last week of May 201,9
IInd Semester Examinations l-" week of July 2019 III'dweek of July 2019Publication of results
Distribution of IIId Semester Study L"week of August 2019 L't week of September 2019
Materials
IIId Semester Contact Classes I" week of August 2019 Last week of October 2019
IIId semester Examinations Last week of November20L9
Publication of Results
Distribution of IVt semester Study I" week of January 2020 Last week of January 2020
Materials
IVth Semester Contact Classes Last week of May 2020
IVth Semester Examinations Last week of June 2020
Publication of Results Last week of September 2020
3.6.5 Evaluation
Evaluation of the students'performance will be made using the following methods
a) Continuous assessment using interactive method
b) Year End examination
The minimum requirement for passing the fulI prograrnme is 35% of the total marks. Each core
paper requires 42 marks out of 1,20 marks. Whereas each elective paper requires 35 marks out of
100 marks. For Viva voce, a total 100 marks (40 marks for first year and 60 marks for second
year) are given respectively.
The classification of the results of the prograrnme shall be, done at the end of the second year
based on the total marks secured for two years and shall be as follows.
69Candidatessecuringnotlessthan40o/obutbelowS0o/o-ThirdClass
candidates securing not less than 50% but
below 600/o'Second class
Candidates securing 600lo and above - First Class
3.7 Requirement of Laboratory Support And Library Resources:
prograrnme. sDE has its own library fac,ity with a total
computer Lab is not mandatory for M A
of
titles. Further, au the students of the school
of about 4024 books, 1_r.65 titles, 144 reference
cenual
reference service of the calicut university
Distance Education can make use of the
Library(C.H.MohammedKoyaLibrary)intheCampus'GraduatesgJtt'eCalicutUniversityare
at the
Library. They can afo.m{3.8 Cost Estimate of the programme and the Provisions
Name of Programme MA eng[p] ]
Expected Enrolment
Cost of SLM oreparation including DTP Charges
Printing & Distribution of SLM
Contact Classes
Pay &Allowances Of staffAt HQ
Miscellaneous ExPenses
Examination & Valuation
GMND TOTAL OF EXPENSES
Expense Per Student
3.9 Quality Assurance Mechanism and Expected Programme Outcomes
3.9.1 Quality Assurance Mechanisms
course content, and the Self
The University Board of Studies approves and reviews the syllabus,
ensuring of quality
Learning Material of B A English offered in the distance mode. The overall
will be closely monitored by the centre for Intemal Quality assurance, School of Distance
through development of
Education. It tries to ensure quality service to the learners of the subject
of modern methods
good and appropriate standard study Leaming Material or sLM, integration
procedures. It also tries
of teaching learning including usage of ICT and credibility of evaluation
should maintain
to identify the key areas in which the concemed school of the university
quality.
3.9.2 Expected Programme Outcomes
Towards the end of the programme , students will be able to:
Literature and have a
Have a thorough understanding about English language and
English Li-teratge'
foundation on literary theories , movements and history of -.
tJ effectively communicate both orally and verbally in English'
Develop an ability
in the contemporary society'
Develop a general awareness of the social issues efltin-s
and ideas in society, while also
Develop the ability to critically look at concepts, 6eliefs
learning to critically analyze texts and cultural artifacts
I * tii"',,i''' '.,
*"*fri,,' 5y
"t%v'Programme Project RePort (PPR)
for Distance Learning Programme
under School of Distance Education
.:
Master of Arts in Political Science
2018-19
School of Distance Education
UniversitY of Calicut
MalaPPuram District
Kerala 673635
eXM.APOLMCALSCIENCE
PROGRAMME PROJECT REPORT (PPR)
1. University of Calicut
The UniveEity of Calicut is the largest University in Kerala. Established in the year L968, it
is the second university to be set up in Kerala. The University aims to nurtue excellence.in
education and research in its catchment areas of Northem Keral4 historically consigned to
the periphery of Kerala's academic map. The University lays its emphasis on fostering quality
human resource and promoting productive research that benefit both local communities and
wider humanity. The University was created through a Govemment plan bifurcating Kerala
University. As per the plan, the four post-graduate deparEnents of the University of Kerala
operating in Calicut were annexed to the new University along with fifty four constituent
colleges spread across seven northern disricts. with 'Nirmoya Karmana Sree, as it motto, the
Univenity has been able to srrmorut all challenges and emerge as the largest residential cum
affiliating University in Kerala. With 30 post graduate deparfrrcnts and 426 colleges it has
become a beacon of hope and enlightenment for hundreds of thousands of young men and
women in North Kerala. As many as 480 colleges are affiliated to the University. Of these,
120 are located in Kozhikode district, 101 in Thrissur, 130 in Malappuram, 86 in Palakkad
and 18 in Wayanad.2. The School of Distance Education . The School of Distance Education shall endeavour to create novel realms of education embracing creativity and irmovations to enhance access to and reach of qualiry higher education. To provide distance learning oppomlnities to the unreached and enable them to pursue quality higher education, leading to competence of a high order. Director of School of Distance Education (SDE) of the University of Calicut persists for the noble cause of providing educational opportunities to the masses. The institution has a Iegacy of providing relevant education in conformation with the contemporary needs and vitalities affirming quality and excellence with a student strength nearing 2 lakhs. The institution has always been at the forefront providing opportudties for those aspirants who endure to leam amidst Iife situations that impede them to take up regular mode of leaming. The SDE provides an extensive range of academic subjects in almost all major subject groups which is being imparted through regular and open stream courses. Who wish to pursue their studies through distance education and Open Stream Courses are tailored to meet the educational needs of those who have not acquted the basic qualification needed for admission to regular courses, and who eagerly aspire to acquire a Degree. A separate entrance exam is conducted for Open degree courses and those who qualify are admitted. The School offers UG and PG courses for broadening the knowledge horizons and developing skills for capacity building. The School of Distance Education of University of Calicut has always been at the forefront to meet the educational needs of the young aspirants including the marginalized and the excluded youth, which gave the impetus to render the best service by this educational institution. At this junctue I congratulate those aspirants who have already succeeded in transforming their lives through distance leaming and invite more aspirants who have the quest for knowledge and success to build up a promising future. I affirm with fuII confidence
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