ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS

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ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS

National Income and Expenditure of the United Kingdom,
                      1870-1952
 by JAMES B. JEFFERYS and DOROTHY WALTERS
                                                                     Page
    Introduction                                                        1
  I. National Income and Expenditure, 1870-1952
      The national income series
      The nationttl expenditure seriw: person31 consumption and
      public aurhorities' consunlption of goods and services
      Home and overseas capitaiformation
      Consistencv of the income and exnenditure series
                                                  - - .
      Possible factors causing the discrepancy
II. Analysis of Some of the Trends of Growth                          13
      National income per head
      Flnw of goods to consumers
      Flnw of goods and capital formation
      Components of the flow of goods to consumers
111. The Construction of the Individual Series
      Net National Income at Factor Cost
      Consumers' Expenditure on Goods and Services, 1870-1913
       1. Consumption of home-produced hished agricultural
          products
      2. Consumption of hon~e-manufacturedfinished consumer
          gnods
      3. Exports of finished consumer gnods
      4. Imports of finished consumer goods
      5. Expenditure on tobacco gnods, alcohol, tea, coffee, fish,
          coal and motor vehicles
      6. Consumption of services
      Consumers' Expenditure on Goods and Services, 1914-52
      Public Authorities' Current Expenditure on Goods and
      Services
      Gross and Net Domestic Capital Formation including
      Value of Physical Increases in Stocks and Net Overseas
      Lendine
      I. G I ~ &and net fixed domestic capital formation and
          depreciation
      2. Stocks
      3. Overseas lending and net mants from abroad
      Taxes on ~x~endit&e,   ~ates-andSubsidies
      Output and Price Indices
                                 ix
X               ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                       2
     Prise de Vues sur la Croissance de 1'6conomie Fran~aise,
                             1780-1950
                     par FRANCOIS PERROUX
                                                                       page
     I. Propos de DCpart: 'Croitre' et 'Ce qui Croft'                    41
          1. Les augmentations de la dimension d'une unit6
             honomique
          2. Les changements de structures
          3. Les changements dans les types d'organisation
          4. Les progrhs, repCrb par des indicateurs multiples
     II. Les Rythmes de Croissance
           I. Servitudes des 'deflations' et repCrages d'histoire
              raisonnk
                a) Les allures des dries nominales
                b) Les allures des series apt& deflation
                c) Les mouvements des prix et les allures des sCries
           2. Limites du calcul des taux et contenu des phases
                a) Marges d'incertitudes et calcul des taux
                   d'accroissement
                h) Concomittances Cconomiques et phases
    ID. Les Changements de Structures                                   60
          1. Changements dans la structure du produit
          2. Changements dans la structure de la fortune privk
                  -
          3. Chan~ements
             revenus
                                   -                  -
                         dans la orooortion des catCzories  de

    JV. Les Changements dans les Types d'organisation                   66
    V. Les Progr6s et leurs Symptomes                                   69
    VI. Propos d'Etape                                                  73
ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS                               xi
                                 3
The Long-Term Growth of National Income in Germany
                     by PAUL JOSTOCK
                                                                    page
 I. Introductory Note on the Development of German Income
    Statistics                                                        79
11. Total National Income                                             80
      1. General comments on the method of estimation '
      2. Biases of inter-temporal comparisons caused by
         structural cha~lges
            (a) Shifts between urban and rural population
            (b) Changes in the age distribution of the population
            (c) Expansion of unproductive activities
            (d) Rearmament and the production of war material
            (e) Territorial changes
      3. Aggregate national income
m. Per Capita Income
      1. The growth of population and income
      2. Effect on purchasing power of income of population
         shifts to urban areas
      3. Value of the increase in leisure
IV. National Income per Gainfully Engaged Person                     100
V. Distribution of the National Product by Industrial Origin         104
VI. Distribution of National Income by Type and Size of Income 107
     1. Income of entrepreneurs and income of employees
     2. S i of income
    Appendix: Sources and Methods                                    118
      1. Estimates for 1860-90
           (a) Agriculture
           (b) Industry
           (c) Other Sectors
     2. ~ a t i o n aIncome
                     l      Estimates for 1890-13 and
         1925-41
xii              ANATYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                      4
            The National Product of Denmark, 1870-1952
       A Summary of Estimates prepared in the Statistical Department
                          by KJELD BJERKE

         Part A. Summary and Analytical Tables
         Part B. Description of Method and Basic Reference Tables      133
      I. The Industrial Breakdown
           1. Agriculture
           2. Non-agricultural industries
               1870-1920

           3. Deflation
           4. The labour force
           5. Working hours
      11. Break-down of Consumption, Investment, Export Surplus        140
          and Saving
            I. Imports, exports and net deficit on the balance of
               payments current account
            2. Gross investment
                 (a) Building
                 (b) Construction
                 (c) Machinery and equipment
                 (d) Means of transport
            3. Depreciation
  11.. Basic Reference Tables

        National Income and Capital Formation in Hungary
                    by ALEXANDER ECKSTEIN
      I. Introductio~l                                                 152
      11. National Income, 1900-49                                     153
            1. The scope and character of natio~lalincome work in
               Ilungary
           2. National product and its composition, 190049
           3. National product, in constant prices, 1900-49
           4. Rates of growth, 1900-49
page
III.Long-term Trends in Occupational Distribution and Labour
    Productivity                                                    179
      1. Methodological problems in the measurement of
         Hungary's occupational distribution
      2. Trends in occupational distribution
           (a) Manpower trends in primary industries
           (b) Manpower trends in secondary industries
           (c) Manpower trends in tertiary industries
      3. Changes in sectoral labour products

IV. Capital Formation                                                190
      I.Approach and co~lceprs
     2. Studies of cil~italformation in Hunaarv
      3. Gross ~nvestkentin Hungary, 1924/25io 1949
            I. Statistical Methods
                 A. The Inter-war Estimates
                        Agriculture
                            (a) Farm equipment
                            (b) Farm buildings
                           (c) Irrigation, drainage, reclamation and
                                water regulation
                            (d) Vineyards
                           (e) Forests
                           (f) Orchards
                           (g) Manufacturing
                           (h) Mining
                           (i) Communications
                           (j)Housing
                           (k) Government
                 B. The Post-war Estimates
                           (a) 1947148
                           (b) August to December 1948
                           (c) 1949
                 C. Inventories
          11. Analysis of Investment Trends
                 A. Capital Formation Between the Two Wars
                        1. The investment in housing
                        2. Capital formation in manufacturing
                        3. Gross capital formation in agriculture
                            and forestry
                        4. Investmentin transport and communica-
                           tions
                        5. Government investment
                 B. The Allocation of Investment during the
                     Post-war Years
     4. National income and capital formation
X~V           ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                   6
 Notes on Income Growth and the Rate of Saving in Japan
  A Brief Survey of the Recent Estimates made by Research Workers
                      at Hitotsubashi University
                      by YUZO YAMADA

   I. How High?
  11. List of Recent Main Works
 IU. My Estimates of National Income
  IV. Ohkawa's Estimate of National Product
  V. Comparison of Mr. Colin Clark's Estimate with Ours
 YI. Rate of Income Growth
VII. My Estimate of Savings
W I . Ito's and Shiohara's Estimates of Savings
 M.Some Concluding Remarks
      Appendix I. After the War
      Appendix 11. Comment on Mr. Harry Oshima's Discussion
                   on Yamada's Estimates
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