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International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-3S, January 2020
An Optimized Technique for Sharing Air Quality
Index Using Cloud Technology
N. Vallileka, S.Jai Ganesh, Nimmathi Satheesh, R.SivaKumar, N.Muthu Lakshmi
Abstract: This paper studies the sharing the messages of this paper proposed an IoT based cloud application like
Air Quality Index (AQI) in Metropolitan areas. AQI specifies the android application. When the pollutant level increases then
percentage of pollutants mixed in air which creates problem in an alarm is generated in the android mobiles connected in
health. The pollutants level in the AQI values is between 0 to 500.
the cloud network (within the application). Hence based on
Air pollution sensors are used to monitor the air pollution for
outdoor environments and the cloud technology is used to display the pollution the public informed by alarm to get remedy to
to public via private cloud. Prototype was developed with the aim avoid health issues. The proposed system identifies the level
to create awareness and public engagement in restoring the of N2, NO2, SO2, and P.M10 using various kinds of sensors
environment back to its healthy state. Using the prototype, the installed in the network. It also identifies temperature and
users can interact with the environment sensors in the field of humidity by relevant sensors connected in wireless
view to access and visualize latest and historic environment
communication medium. The android application is
measurements.
designed and installed in the particular place where it is
Keywords : AQI, Air Quality index, mobile Communication, required really. Each user needs to register in the application
cloud with AQI, air pollution sensors. using their mobile device. The sensors observe the data
along with the AQI and transmit to the application server
I. INTRODUCTION and the intimation to the mobile.
There has been a drastic change in air pollution since the
start of industrial revolution. Though industries are seen as II. AIR POLLUTION INDEX BACKGROUND
growth propellers the impact it creates in the environment is The air pollution is calculated in terms of AQI, where its
not healthy. To add to the woes, vehicles used for range of values is considered from 0 to 500 and it is given in
transportation and fertilizers used in agriculture contribute to detail in Table-2.1.
pollution too. People are aware of the ill-effects of pollution. One of the main forms of air-pollution is created by
However, people do not monitor or track it every day. Air transportation and fuel usage applications. High level of
pollution can be due to natural cause or due to abnormal. pollution makes acid rain which affects the drinking water,
The highest pollutants level makes pollution in the natural soil, buildings, vegetation and destroy the aquatic life [17].
air creates fire accidents in the forest, dust-storms, pollution, Table 2.1 Air quality Index
and etc. Some of the human-made pollution are wood
cutting, coal mining and fuels-based pollution. In order to
measure the pollution level AQI is used where it displays
the information about the major pollutants mixed in the air.
It can be measured at particular geo-location without any
infrastructure development.
Monitoring the air quality helps to obtain the purity of the
air based on the mixed content’s information. It helps to
inform the public about the air pollution since they can take
action for breathing air. Because polluted air makes lot of
serious health issues to the human. It creates lung, brain and
breathing issues to the public and put them in critical
situation. Identifying the air quality helps to save people
from the health issues and make the people reduce their
III. PROPOSED TECHNIQUES
activities related to pollutants. Once people reduce the
pollutants-based activities it decreases the pollutants level 3.1 Air Pollution Sensors
mixed in the air. To do that, an alarm is installed/deployed Some kind of sensors are used as devices for monitoring
in the target geo-location where it makes an alarm whenever and calculating air pollution. They may be used for indoor
the pollutants level exceeds their limit. In order to do that, and outdoor environments. Even though there are different
types of sensors for air pollution, the main are five
Revised Manuscript Received on January 2, 2020. components:
N. Vallileka, Dept. of computer Applications, PSNACET, Dindigul,
Tamilnadu, India
S.Jai Ganesh, Dept. of computer Applications, PSNACET, Dindigul,
Tamilnadu, India
Nimmathi Satheesh, Dept. of computer Applications, PSNACET,
Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India
R.SivaKumar, Dept. of Chemistry, PSNACET, Dindigul, Tamilndau,
India
N.Muthu Lakshmi, TCS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Retrieval Number: C10850193S20/2020©BEIESP Published By:
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.C1085.0193S20
398 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
An Optimized Technique for Sharing Air Quality Index Using Cloud Technology
4.2 Cloud Provider and services
Cloud computing manage the sensors where it will
coordinate between the Sensor owner , the cloud provider
and the end user i.e public. The sensor owners develop the
system and develop functionality to publish the data on the
cloud. The cloud providers then provide the cloud services
and may charge the end user with some fee for the access.
We utilize the PaaS (Platform As A Service). PaaS provides
Initially the cost of the sensors is high, now with a platform for software creation. Another important factor of
technological advancements these sensors cost is low and PaaS is that it allows business to design and create
widespread throughout the population. By this project the applications that are built into the PaaS with special
sensors are fitted in the main areas for Metropolitan cities to software components. The ―Breathe-safe‖ application that
maintain storage pool to store the monitored data using the we developed on PaaS platform utilizes various computation
air quality system. It stores all the monitored data gathered algorithms and AQI calculation based on current sensors
from the particular geolocation where the system installed. values and showing it to user on GUI using JavaScript based
This application is used in top most metropolitan cities. charts & Graph API.
By using these kinds of sensor, all the possible measures This supports server less computing so virtual machines
related pollutants are collected as a spatiotemporal data are needed to service the request based on hour basis. There
where it lists out all the chemical information which affects are three types of deployment model private cloud, public
the human in and around a specific location. Also, it mainly cloud and hybrid cloud. In this paper we are using private
says about the air pollution [4]. The evidence of the air cloud to share AQI.
pollution happened in the metropolitan and industrial cities
are increased by scientific reports. The amount of death due V. DESIGN CONSIDERATION AND WORKING
to air pollution is increasing up to 7 million child death PRINCIPLE
throughout the world in each year[8]. The pollutants are
inhaled by the human and it is deposited in various parts of Measurements of air pollutants such as Carbon monoxide
the body like lung, stomach and etc., which creates serious (CO), Nitric Oxide (NO), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have
diseases like cancer and heart attacks. It can be measured by been recorded since the installation[17]. Also,
the body mass index values and blood tests. The pollutants measurements of temperature, humidity and sound level is
are travelling throughout the human body and affects the also made to get more information about the environment.
Once the database server was set up, the content necessary
vital organs of the body [9].
for visualization was created. The contents were converted
3.2 Cloud Computing Techniques into file formats and sizes supported by SDK rendering
One of the highly demanding environments used to share engine and stored in the database of the server in cloud.
the computer resources is cloud computing. Those devices Media content such as voice alerts or audio messages were
are used to do various tasks especially data storage and created for real time response to the users and stored in web
computing devices. some of the famous cloud providers are server in cloud Images and icons to be displayed were also
Google cloud platform, iCloud, cloud foundry, Microsoft created and stored.
Azure, Amazon etc. The cloud clients are web browser,
mobile app and terminal emulator. Three standard models
are IaaS, SasS and platform as a service PasS. Here we are
going to use SasS to see the AQI from cloud to mobile. Now
Mobile backend as a service (BaaS) is there where web
application developers and mobile application designers are
link applications with cloud storage and cloud computing
services with their mobile application. In cloud, users are
managed. It also supports server less computing.
IV. METHODLOGY
4.1 Selection of Sensors
Fig5.1. Modules in Junaio App
The Pollution Sensors and their usages are: The above figure 5.1 explains the development of such a
transparent platform will act as a basis for actions towards
environment protection. The structure of the methodology is
as follows, Design and develop a prototype to display air
pollution in the environment in the city. Evaluate mobile
Two eco-friendly Sensors are used for temperature – app prototype developed for displaying air pollution.
DHT 11 and for humidity – DHT 11
Retrieval Number: C10850193S20/2020©BEIESP Published By:
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.C1085.0193S20
399 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-3S, January 2020
In order to understand about the practical applicability of VI. PROBLEM FORMULATION
the prototype application and user perception, user
6.1 Computing the AQI
evaluation of the system was conducted in comparison with
an existing web application tool for monitoring air pollution The air quality index for pollutant concentration.
in the environment. Factors of context immersion are The equation used to convert from concentration to AQI
considered for user evaluation to evaluate the immersion is :
experience created by mobile application. A mobile
application (in short mobile app) is a customized application ------ (1)
developed using the native programming language Android where:
that supports the platform of the smart phone device or
tablet. The advantage and disadvantage of AQI displaying
systems was studied using human understanding and
response to the features of the application for monitoring
pollution in the environment.
Taking this as the context and interest of the users, two
modules were designed based on the timeline the
information belongs to real-time visualization and historical
data visualization. Third module is to get latest information
from the research community which can be latest discovery
or results from forecast modeling of environment research.
The third module serves as the information portal which
shares and showcases the status and results of environment EPA's table of breakpoints is:
researches. Three modules were designed to provide user
with option to select the data they would like to visualize.
These three modules constitute the layout of the prototype of
air pollution visualization. The operations that should be
performed on loading each module will be explained in the
prototype development section. During the design of the
prototype, it is important to consider some best practice
design considerations such as performance, modularity,
robustness, security and scalability. A well designed module
should take less time to load and perform its desired action
showing reliable performance during usage. It should be
able to work independently with modularity and should
respond in stress conditions with prompt user response. The
modules should allow easy extendibility. Prototype design
should accommodate the user interaction through the touch
inputs and visualization of data should be designed to fit
small screen of mobile phones. The visualization in the
design includes text annotations, charts, and map of the
location. Junaio is an Augmented Reality browser designed Suppose a monitor records a 24-hour average fine particle
for 3G and 4G mobile. (PM2.5) concentration of 12.0 micrograms per cubic meter.
The equation above results in an AQI of:
Corresponding to air quality in the "Good" range. To
convert an air pollutant concentration to an AQI, EPA has
developed a calculator.
If multiple pollutants are measured at a monitoring site,
then the largest or "dominant" AQI value is reported for the
location. The ozone AQI between 100 and 300 is computed
by selecting the larger of the AQI calculated with a 1-hour
ozone value and the AQI computed with the 8-hour ozone
value.
Fig:5.1 Product Architecture of Mobile App
The above figure Fig 5.1 describes the protocol
architecture of Mobile App which is used for displaying the
AQI.
Retrieval Number: C10850193S20/2020©BEIESP Published By:
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.C1085.0193S20
400 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
An Optimized Technique for Sharing Air Quality Index Using Cloud Technology
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AUTHORS PROFILE
N. Vallileka, Dept. of computer Applications, PSNACET, Dindigul,
Fig: 5.1 Displaying Sensor areas Tamilnadu, India.
VIII. CONCLUSION S.Jai Ganesh, Dept. of computer Applications, PSNACET, Dindigul,
Tamilnadu, India.
However, the proposed system work well in sharing of
AQI in metropolitan areas such as Delhi, as of now which is Nimmathi Satheesh, Dept. of computer Applications, PSNACET,
the latest metropolitan city highly affected by air pollution. Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India.
Methods like Air Quality Management Plan ,Development R.SivaKumar, Dept. of Chemistry, PSNACET, Dindigul, Tamilndau,
of new technology- electric cars, cleaner fuels, low nitrogen India.
oxide boilers and water healers, zero polluting paints, less
N.Muthu Lakshmi, TCS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
polluting BBQ lighter fluids, Use natural gas, Carpooling
will reduce the air pollution. To provide value added
services like audio/video sharing etc., are also implemented
here.
Retrieval Number: C10850193S20/2020©BEIESP Published By:
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.C1085.0193S20
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