Aging Studies at GIF++ Status & Plan - GEM Phase 2 R&D Meeting - Biweekly Report 12/03/2019 - CERN Indico

GEM Phase 2 R&D Meeting

 Aging Studies at GIF++
 Status & Plan

 Biweekly Report
 12/03/2019

 Francesco Fallavollita (CERN)
 on behalf of the CMS GEM Group
12/03/19 1

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

Goal of the new Aging Studies at GIF++
 The goal is to validate the Triple-GEM technology with single mask CERN GEM-foils for the
 new ME0 project and with double mask KOREA GEM-foils for the new GE2/1 and ME0
 project;
 Expected hit flux in the ME0 muon chambers: ≤ / ;
 Constraints on the technology for the upgrade
 → Longevity > HL-LHC years × !
 → Accumulated charge ( HL−LHC years):
 = × × × × ~ / = × 

 / of integrated charge ( !) needed to fully validate the Triple-
 GEM technology for the new ME0 project;

 Extensive aging test restarted on @ GIF++ facility;

 From the past experience about ~ - . are needed to reach this value, assuming
 standard GIF++ duty cycle.
12/03/19 2

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

Preliminary Analysis at GIF++ (CERN chamber)
 Total Integrated Charge at GIF++ up to 22 March: ~ 218 / 2
  Will the longevity studies continue
 at the GIF++ until the detector
 accumulates a total charge of
 about ~ / ? ? ?
 new aging test

  This will take additional - . 
 years of exposure due to the duty
 results from 2016 aging test after / correction factor of the GIF++
 ( fluctuation within % )
  To overcome this extremely long
 time, an additional longevity test
 has been setup in summer 2017
 exposing a GE1/1 triple-GEM
 detector to ~ - 
 at CMS-GEM QA/QC
 NO aging observed up to ~ / facility (904 Lab.)
 ~ % of ME0 operation at the HL-LHC
12/03/19 3

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

Preliminary Analysis at GIF++ (KOREA chamber)
 Total Integrated Charge at GIF++ up to 22 March: ~ 82 / 2
  The goal is to validate the Korean GEM-
 foils for the new GE2/1 & ME0 project;

  Korean GEM-foils based on double- after / correction
 ( fluctuation within % )
 mask photolithography technique
 developed by MECARO company;

  Will the longevity studies continue at
 the GIF++ facility until the detector
 accumulates a total charge equivalent
 to ten HL-LHC years in the ME0
 environment ??? NO aging observed up to ~ / 
 10 years of GE2/1 operation at the HL-LHC (safety factor 27)
12/03/19 ~ % of ME0 operation at the HL-LHC 4

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

Irradiation Schedule at GIF++
 Low dose radiation period: . ~ . 
 The DT subsystem requested a new period of low dose radiation:
 → Integrated Charge Rate: ~ / 
 Full irradiation from the beginning of February:
 → Current Integrated Charge Rate: ~ / 
 Taking into account a GIF++ duty cycle of %, ~ - . are needed to reach
 / ( !)

Main planned interventions for 2019
 Bunker Extension and Annual Irradiation Maintenance scheduled for July 2019
 → estimated time to complete the technical intervention : ~ 3 weeks
 Cosmic Trigger installation during the LS2 period scheduled for September 2019
 → estimated time to complete the technical intervention : ~ 1 weeks
 Christmas break from 21st December 2019 to 5th January 2020 (~ 2 weeks)
 Weekly access, filter scan, etc.
12/03/19 5

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

Alternative option: irradiation with X-ray tube
 We demonstrated the possibility of using the X-Ray tube in order to accelerate the Aging
 Tests in the 904-Lab. (https://indico.cern.ch/event/670743/)
 Aging Test at GIF++ ( - ray ) Aging Test at Bldg. 904 ( - ray )

 source: ( )  source: Ag - target X-ray tube
 → - → ~ + ~ - 
 → lower energetic scattered photons → electron bremsstrahlung continuum bkg.
 physical processes involved:  physical processes involved:
 → the probability of direct interaction of the → the X-ray are absorbed by the copper layer of
 - in the drift gap is ~ − the drift which emits copper X-ray of energy
 → the probability of Compton interaction with the → the X-ray emitted by the copper are then
 thick copper layer of the drift is ~ − converted by photoelectric effect in drift gap
 → the Compton-electrons will be emitted in the → the photo-electrons will be emitted in the
 forward direction and absorbed in the drift gap forward direction and absorbed in the drift gap
 → lower energetic scattered photons contribution → bremsstrahlung continuum bkg. contribution

 the two facilities are fairly equivalent from
12/03/19
 the point of view of the classical aging effects 6

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

GIF++ vs. 904 Lab.
 Aging Test at GIF++ ( - ray ) Aging Test at Bldg. 904 ( - ray )
 expected int. charge rate:  expected int. charge rate:
 ~ . / ~ . / 
 Acceleration Aging Factor: ~ .  Acceleration Aging Factor: ~ . 
 (w.r.t. the real ME0 operation at HL-LHC) (w.r.t. the real ME0 operation at HL-LHC)

 GIF++ duty cycle: ~ %  904 Lab. duty cycle: ~ %
 → Annual maintenance → Maintenance
 → Low dose irradiation periods → Weekly gas gain meas.
 → Test Beam → Weekly energy resolution meas.
 → Weekly access, filter scan, etc. → Monthly uniformity response meas.
 → Christmas break → Power cut, RP inspection, etc.

 current int. charge rate:  current int. charge rate:
 ~ . / ~ . / 
 ESTIMATED EXPOSURE TIME ESTIMATED EXPOSURE TIME
 (to integrate the expected charge in ME0 with SF 3) (to integrate the expected charge in ME0 with SF 3)
 - . . - 
12/03/19 7

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

GIF++ vs. 904 Lab.
 Aging Test at GIF++ ( - ray ) Aging Test at Bldg. 904 ( - ray )
 monitoring parameters  monitoring parameters
 → Anode current → Anode current
 → Environmental parameters → Environmental parameters
 → Weekly effective gas gain measurements → Weekly effective gas gain measurements
 → Weekly energy resolution measurements → Weekly energy resolution measurements
 → Monthly Uniformity Response → Monthly uniformity response meas.

 restricted access  free access
 → accesses must be agreed with the → we are the main users of the
 responsible for the facility and other users experimental set-up
 → all the main interventions must be
 scheduled and executed only in specific  all the equipment is already in place for
 periods of the year GE1/1, GE2/1 and ME0 mass production
 → no additional cost
 additional cost for electronics rent and
 gas consumption (see next slides)
12/03/19 8

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

Gas Consumption at GIF++

 Total gas flow rate: ~ / (only GEM setup) source: CERN Gas Service
 → current gas consumption: 2 bottle/month David.Jaillet@cern.ch

 Gas consuption in ~2 years of operation at GIF++: 48 / (70/30) bottles

Unit price for / (70/30) bottle - : 298 CHF/unit (average value)
 → every years the price of bottle could be revised by the supplier
 → total costs in ~2 years of operation at GIF++: ~ 14 kCHF
12/03/19 9

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

Electronics Rent at GIF++
 KEITHLEY picoammeter (model 6487)
 → monthly fee: 40.79 CHF/month total monthly fee (x 3 devices):
 TRIAX cable low noise (model 237-ALG) 137.16 CHF/month
 → monthly fee: 4.60 CHF/month

 WIENER NIM crate (model UEN 01)
 → monthly fee: 11.26 CHF/month total monthly fee :
 WIENER NIM power supply (model UEP 22M) 36.60 CHF/month
 → monthly fee: 25.34 CHF/month
 source: CERN EP - ESE
 CAEN NIM high voltage (model N1470) Electronics Systems for Experiment
 https://ep-ese.web.cern.ch/
 → monthly fee: 40.00 CHF/month
Total Monthly Electronics Rent: 213.76 CHF/month
 → total costs in ~2 years of operation at GIF++: ~ 5 kCHF
12/03/19 10

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

Spending incurred before 1st March 2019
 Stand construction: ~ 3 kCHF Spending incurred by only
 Gas Consumption: ~ 14 kCHF CERN GEM group to validate
 CERN and Korea GEM-foils
 Electronics Rent: ~ 5 kCHF
 Total spending in ~2 years of operation at GIF++: ~ 22 kCHF

Budget forecast for the next 5 years of operation at GIF++
 Gas Consumption: 120 / (70/30) bottles (gas flow rate 10 L/hr)
 → total costs in ~5 years of operation at GIF++: ~ 35 kCHF
 Electronics Rent: ~ 13 kCHF
 Total spending in ~5 years of operation at GIF++: ~ kCHF
12/03/19 11

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

General Comments
 Aging test for ME0 GEM-foils cannot be carried out at GIF++ facility
 → the time to integrate the needed charge is not compatible with our R&D plan and GEM-
 foils validation ( PRR for ME0 GEM-foils validation deadline: 14 June 2021 )
 → ME0 SF has already been exceeded with GE1/1 detector (single mask CERN GEM-foils),
 by using an X-rays generator at Bldg. 904
 Needed aging studies to validate Korean GEM-foils for ME0 project with SF 3
 → we need to accumulate charge faster than at GIF++ facility
 → aging test could be done with X-rays in one of the GE1/1 mass production site since X-
 ray box currently not used with GE1/1 finished and GE2/1 not started

 Up to now the whole cost for infrastructure of Aging Tests at GIF++ facility has
 been sustained by CERN GEM group
 → Rental costs for electronics and gas consumption are creeping up
 → CERN GEM group suffering big cut for R&D expenditures for next 5 years

12/03/19
 CERN GEM group proposes to stop GIF++ testing 12

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

General Comments
 The CERN GEM group would like to invest the money saved from stopping of the
 aging test at GIF++ facility in other R&D activities:
 → ex.: studies on double size segmentation GEM-foils and their impact on the mitigation
 of primary and secondary discharges
 The aging studies could continue at GIF++ on condition that the users concerned
 provide the costs ( gas consumption and electronics rent ) + manpower.
 → the time to integrate the needed charge at GIF++ is not compatible with our R&D plan
 and GEM-foils validation ( PRR for ME0 GEM-foils validation deadline: 14 June 2021 )
 → we need to accumulate charge faster than at GIF++ facility ( alternative option:
 irradiation with X-ray tube )
 → we must make a decision as soon as possible because we have less than 26 months to
 identify the lab. in which to perform the studies, build the setup and integrate charge.

 The CERN GEM group will put forward the proposal to stop the GIF++
 aging tests during the next CMS GEM Management
12/03/19 13

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

 BACKUP SLIDES

12/03/19 14

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

General Comments
Installation and operation of Indian chamber at the GIF++ and related issues
 GAS LINE
 → Currently, we have only two gas lines for the / ( / ) gas mixture and they
 are used for the two detectors currently installed inside the bunker (CERN and KOREAN
 chamber).
 → A possible solution is to split one of the two lines directly inside the bunker in order to
 supply a possible third detector. This would require the installation of a stainless steel
 pipe and flowmeters inside the bunker along the concrete walls.
 → The premixed bottle supplies both our setup and RWELL group's setup, for a total gas
 flow rate of about / and a consumption of about 1.5 bottle/month. The
 installation of another detector could be problematic since the spare bottles could run
 out before the delivery of new bottles ( typical delivery time: 3 or 4 weeks ). It is
 therefore necessary to notify the CERN gas service in good time to ensure an adequate
 supply of bottles.
 → Increase in gas consumption and costs!
12/03/19 15

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

General Comments
Installation and operation of Indian chamber at the GIF++ and related issues
 HV LINE
 → Currently, we have only two HV lines: one line (HV line CH0) used for the CERN
 detector and a second line (HV line CH1) used for the Korean detector.
 → A first solution would be to install a third HV line. However, this would require the
 installation of a new HV cable under the raised floor. This intervention must be agreed
 with the GIF++ facility team. However, an intervention of this type, at this time of the
 year, is not feasible since it would require the movement of part of the detectors in the
 downstream area and of the plates constituting the raised floor for cable routing.
 → A second solution would be to investigate whether the RWELL group (responsible for
 the set-up: Lisa Borgonovi) has an HV cable already in place.
 → The installation of new services and / or the modification of the currently installed
 services require the presence / help of one or two Indian technicians.

12/03/19 16

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

General Comments
Installation and operation of Indian chamber at the GIF++ and related issues
 READOUT SYSTEM

 → Currently, we only have three pico-ammeter inside the bunker: two pico-ammeters for
 the CERN chamber and one for the Korean chamber. It is therefore necessary to rent a
 fourth pico-ammeter.
 → Increase in electronics monthly rent fee!

 ESTIMATED EXPOSURE TIME

 → Currently, we have a duty cycle of % which result in an integrated charge rate of
 around / per month.
 → / of integrated charge (safety factor 3!) are needed to fully validate the
 triple-GEM technology for the GE2/1 project. Therefore, exposure time would be less
 than a month.

12/03/19 17

Status & Plan - Aging Studies at GIF++

Gas Consumption at GIF++

 Gas supply: / (70/30) bottle - 
 → the pre-mixed bottle supplies three chambers (2 CMS triple-GEM detectors and 1
 RWELL detector)
 Total gas flow rate: ~ / (GEM + RWELL setup)
12/03/19 18