20th century latin american architecture
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University of Texas at Austin
School of Architecture
Spring 2021
20th century latin american architecture
Instructor: Fernando Lara
Thursdays 8:15-10:45 on Zoom Platform
This course focuses on the artistic, cultural, and urbanistic
practices of modernism as it emerged south of the Rio Grande.
Starting from Garcia Canclini’s provocative definition of
modernism before modernization, the course uses modern
architecture as a departure point for investigating the political,
social and economic factors as well as the artistic expression of
what has been called "peripheral modernization" in the twentieth
century. The course included most Latin American countries:
Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and
Venezuela. Organized mostly around discussions and student
presentations, the course requires students to analyze artistic and
cultural manifestations of a variety of modernist manifestations.
The first half of the course is devoted to the ideas behind the
concepts of modernity, modernization and modernism, paying
special attention to the ways ideas and periodization vary in
different national contexts. The second half of the course uses
Latin American Modern Architecture as a case study for exploring
how these concepts were expressed through specific artistic and
urbanist form. Students will then produce an original final paper
on a case study of their choice and a podcast based on our class
discussions.
fernandolara@utexas.edu
ASSIGNMENTS: Student should read the assigned texts for each class, write a paragraph on Blackboard before each meeting, and be prepared to discuss the main issues when prompted. Participation on the discussions is an integral part of the evaluation. Each student will make at least one presentation on a topic of their choice (20% of grade). Besides class participation, 2 short essays, one podcast, and a final paper will be required. Before the final papers are due, one section will be devoted to presenting the scope of their investigations to be discussed by the whole class. 1st short paper - 15% of grade due Feb 18 5-7 pages reflecting on the ideas of modernism, modernization and modernity as discussed in the first 3 sections 2nd short paper - 20% of grade due April 1 5-7 pages reflecting on the peripheral modernisms based on the previous presentations. final paper - 30% of grade due May 5 10-15 pages on a theme of your choice regarding any aspect of 20th century architecture in Latin America. podcast – 15% of grade due May 10 record our conversation and edit a 30 min podcast to be released to the public at the end of the semester Prof. Lara Office hours are Thursday 1-3pm, online by appointment.
SCHEDULE and READINGS:
jan 21
introduction and course presentation
LARA, Fernando "Towards a Theory of Space for the Americas”, Folio – Journal
of African Architecture, vol 2, 2020, pp. 232-241
JAMES-CHAKRABOTY, Kathleen, “Introduction”, Architecture since 1400,
Minneapolis: U of Minnesota Press, 2014.
jan 28
the modern
QUIJANO, Anibal & WALLERSTEIN, Immanuel. “Americanity as a Concept,
or the Americas in the Modern World-System”. International social
science journal 44.4 (1992): 549-557.
O’GORMAN, Edmundo. “The invention of America: an inquiry into the
historical nature of the New World and the meaning of its history”,
Bloomington: U of Indiana Press, 1961.
BHABHA, Homi “Introduction: narrating the nation” in Homi Bhabha ed.
Nation and Narration (London; New York: Routledge) 1990:1-7.
HABERMAS, Jungen. “Modernity’s Consciousness of Time and it’s Need for
Self-Reassurance”, The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity,
(Cambridge: MIT Press, 1987), 1-11.
feb 4
peripheral modernisms
PRAKASH, Vikramâditya, “Third World Modernism or Just Modernism:
towards a cosmopolitan reading of modernism”, in Third World
Modernism, New York: Routledge, 2011, pp. 255-269
LIERNUR, J.F. “Foreword”, in Modern Architecture in Latin America, Austin:
University of Texas Press, 2015, pp. xi-xiii.
SAID, Edward W., Introduction to Orientalism, New York: Vintage Books,
1978, 1-28.
JAMES-CHAKRABORTY, Kathleen. "Beyond postcolonialism: New
directions for the history of nonwestern architecture." Frontiers of
Architectural Research 3.1 (2014): 1-9.feb 11
Intro Latin American Modernisms
WAISMAN, Mariana “Introduction” Latin American architecture: six voices
Malcolm Quantrill, (College Station: Texas A&M University
Press) 2000, pp. 3-19.
HERNANDEZ, Felipe. “Introduction” in Beyond Modernist Masters:
Contemporary architecture in Latin America, Basel: Birkhauser, 2010,
pp.6-23.
EGGENER, Keith “Placing Resistance: A Critique of Critical Regionalism”,
Journal of Architectural Education 55, no. 4 (May 2002)
LOPEZ-DURAN, Fabiola, “Chapter 4 – Picturing Evolution, Le Corbusier
and the Remaking of Man” in Eugenics in the Garden, Austin:
University of Texas Press, 2018.
feb 18 Mexico I
first paper due
CARRANZA, L & LARA, F. “1922 Vasconcellos SEP and 1933 O”Gorman
Platicas”, in Modern Architecture in Latin America, Austin: University of
Texas Press, 2015, pp. 23-27 and 73-76.
EGGENER, Keith L, “The presence of the past: architecture and politics in
modern Mexico”, A + U: architecture and urbanism, 2003 Feb., n.2(389),
p.[18]-29
URIBE, Cristina López. "Reflections of the “Colonial” Between Mexico and
Californiano." Latin American Modern Architectures. Routledge, 2013. 229-
248.
CARRANZA, Luis. “Race and Miscegenation in Early Twentieth-Century
Mexican Architecture” in Race and Modern Architecture, Pittsburgh: Pitt
University Press, 2020, pp. 156-172.
feb 25 Mexico II, Cuba
CASTAÑEDA, Luis, “Beyond Tlateloco: Design, Media and Politics at Mexico
68”, Gray Room, no. 100, summer 2010, pp. 100-126.
LOOMIS, John. Revolution of forms: Cuba's forgotten art schools, New York :
Princeton Architectural Press, 1999.
HYDE, Timothy. “Ch 8: Cubanidad”, Constitutional modernism: architecture and civil
society in Cuba, 1933-1959. University of Minnesota Press, 2013.CARRANZA, L & LARA, F. “1980 Barragan; 1994 NAFTA; 2000 GGG
House”, in Modern Architecture in Latin America, Austin: University of
Texas Press, 2015.
mar 4 Argentina/Chile
LIERNUR, Jorge Francisco, “Abstraction, Architecture and the ‘Synthesis of
the Arts’ debates in the Rio de La Plata, 1936-1956”, in Latin
American Architecture 1929-1960 – contemporary reflections, New
York: Monacelli Press, 2004, pp. 75-98.
CARRANZA, L & LARA, F. “1959 Clorindo Testa”, in Modern Architecture in
Latin America, Austin: University of Texas Press, 2015, pp. 64-68 and
210-213.
TORRENT, Horácio. “Abstraction and tectonics in Chilean Architecture since
1950”, in Chilean Modern Architecture, College Station: Texas A&M
University Press, 2010.
HERNANDEZ, Felipe. “Designing for Poverty” in Beyond Modernist Masters:
Contemporary architecture in Latin America, Basel: Birkhauser, 2010,
pp.58-75.
mar 11 - Visit to Blanton museum – Schedule individual times this week
mar 18 - Spring Break
mar 25 Uruguay + Paraguay
CARRANZA, L & LARA, F. “1930 Uruguay”, in Modern Architecture in Latin
second paper America, Austin: University of Texas Press, 2015, pp. 64-68 and 210-
due 213.
El Taller Torres-García: The School of the South and Its Legacy (Austin:
The University of Texas Press, 1992),
SILVA-CONTRERAS, Mónica. “New experiences with reinforced tile for
Eladio Dieste when building the Cristo Obrero Church” Building
Knowledge, Constructing Histories – Wouters, Van de Voorde, Bertels et
al. (Eds)Brussels, Belgium, 2018
BUCCI, Angelo. “Two Words, Two Worlds” in O’Neil Ford Duograph # 5,
edited by Barbara Hoidn, Austin: CAAD, 2014DIARTE, Julio & FREITAS, Claudia, ARQ-MOD-PY. San Lorenzo: FADA,
2018.
apr 1 Brazil I
FORTY, Adrian + ANDREOLI, Elisabetta, “Round Trip: Europe to Brazil &
Back”, in: Brazil’s Modern Architecture, London: Phaidon, 2004. 6-19
GUERRA, Abilio, “Lucio Costa, Gregory Warchavchik and Roberto Burle
Marx”, in Architecture and Nature: Essays by Abilio Guerra (Lara &
Romano, editors); São Paulo: RG + Nhamerica, 2017, pp. 34-43.
LARA, Fernando, “Vernacular Modernism: the Brazilian case”, Journal of
Architectural Education, October 2009.
LARA, Fernando. “Brazilian Architecture and the Automobile, the Marriage of
the Century”, in City and Movement: Mobility and Interactions in Urban
Development (Krause, Balbin & Link, organizers), Brasília: IPEA, 2016,
pp. 125-136
apr 8 Brazil II
LARA, Fernando. “A Stitch in Time” Architectural Review, v. 1465, October
2019.
CARRANZA, L & LARA, F. “1956 Brasilia; 1961 Paulista school”, in Modern
Architecture in Latin America, Austin: University of Texas Press, 2015, pp.
199-205 and 218-220.
ZEIN, Ruth Verde. “Modern Tradition and Contemporary Culture: The
Contribution ff The 1950s-70s Brutalism in Brazil and Elsewhere”
Critical Readings, São Paulo: Romano Guerra: Nhamerica, 2019, pp. 202-
235.
MARQUES, Andre. “The Monk and the Hippie: Architecture and Society”, in
Lelé: Dialogues with Neutra and Prouvé, São Paulo: Romano Guerra:
Nhamerica, 2021, pp. 28-77.
apr 15 Colombia + Venezuela
CARRANZA, L & LARA, F. “1951 PROA; 1952 University campi; 1955
Tachira and Helicoide”; 2000 Colombian renaissence”, in Modern
Architecture in Latin America, Austin: University of Texas Press, 2015,
pp. 159; 162-169; 193-196; and 339-342.HERNANDEZ, Felipe. “Building on the City’s Edge” in Beyond Modernist
Masters: Contemporary architecture in Latin America, Basel:
Birkhauser, 2010, pp24-41.
BLACKMORE, Lisa. “Introduction: Rethinking The Politics And Aesthetics
Of Modernity”, Spectacular Modernity: Dictatorship, Space, and Visuality in
Venezuela, 1948-1958, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press,
2017.
HERNÁNDEZ, Felipe. “Modern Fetishes, Southern Thoughts”. Dearq no. 29
(2021): 40-53
apr 22 Peru, Ecuador + Bolivia
KAHATT, Sharif, “Agrupacion Espacio and the CIAM Peru Group”, Third
World Modernism, (Duanfang Lu, editor) London: Routledge, 2011,
pp. 85-110.
CASTAÑEDA, Luis. "Pre-Columbian Skins, Developmentalist Souls The
Architect as Politician." Latin American Modern Architectures.
Routledge, 2013. 107-128.
ANDREOLI, Elisabetta. "Party Halls in El Alto, Bolivia by Freddy Mamani
Silvestre." Architectural Review (July 2015) (2015).
GYGER, Helen “Building a Better Barriada” in Improvised Cities: Architecture,
Urbanization and Innovation in Peru. Pittsburgh: Pitt Univesity Press,
2019.
may 5 final papers are due
may 12 podcasts are due
suggested readings:
CARRANZA, L & LARA, F. Modern Architecture in Latin America, Austin: University of Texas
Press, 2015, pp. 199-205 and 218-220.
DEL RIO, Vicente, Beyond Brasilia: Contemporary Urbanism in Brazil, Gainesville, UPF, 2009.
HERNANDEZ, Felipe (et alli), Transculturation – Cities, Spaces and Architectures in Latin
America, Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2005.
LARA, Fernando. The Rise of Popular Modernist Architecture in Brazil, Gainesville: University
Press of Florida, 2008.
LEJEUNE, Jean-François, Cruelty & utopia : cities and landscapes of Latin America , New York :
Princeton Architectural Press, 2005SULLIVAN, Edward (editor), Latin American Art in the Twentieth Century, London: Phaidon,
2000.
ZEIN, Ruth Verde. Critical Readings, São Paulo: Romano Guerra: Nhamerica, 2019.
Acknowledgements:
In this course e-mail will be used as a means of communication with students. You will be
responsible for checking your e-mail regularly for class work and announcements.
All students should become familiar with the University's official e-mail student notification policy.
It is the student's responsibility to keep the University informed as to changes in his or her e-mail
address. Students are expected to check e-mail on a frequent and regular basis in order to stay
current with University-related communications, recognizing that certain communications may be
time-critical. It is recommended that e-mail be checked daily, but at a minimum, twice per week.
The complete text of this policy and instructions for updating your e-mail address are available at
http://www.utexas.edu/its/policies/emailnotify.html.
Students with disabilities who require special accommodations need to get a letter that documents
the disability from the Services for Students with Disabilities area of the Office of the Dean of
Students (471-6259 voice or 471-4641 TTY for users who are deaf or hard of hearing). This letter
should be presented to the instructor in each course at the beginning of the semester and
accommodations needed should be discussed at that time. Five business days before an exam the
student should remind the instructor of any testing accommodations that will be needed.
This course uses Canvas, a Web-based course management system in which a password-protected
site is created for each course. Student enrollments in each course are updated each evening.
Blackboard can be used to distribute course materials, to communicate and collaborate online, to
post grades, to submit assignments, and to take online quizzes and surveys.
You will be responsible for checking the Canvas course site regularly for class work and
announcements. As with all computer systems, there are occasional scheduled downtimes as well
as unanticipated disruptions. Notification of these disruptions will be posted on the Canvas login
page. Scheduled downtimes are not an excuse for late work. However, if there is an unscheduled
downtime for a significant period of time, I will make an adjustment if it occurs close to the due
date.
Academic Integrity: According to the General Information catalog, “the value of a university degree
depends on the absolute integrity of the work done by each student for that degree, a student
should maintain a high standard of individual honor in his or her scholastic work” (page98).
Students who violate University rules on scholastic dishonesty are subject to disciplinary penalties,
including the possibility of failure in the course and/or dismissal from the University. Since such
dishonesty harms the individual, all students, and the integrity of the University, policies on
scholastic dishonesty will be strictly enforced.Class recordings: Class recordings are reserved only for the use of members of this class (students, TAs, and the instructor) and only for educational purposes. Recordings should not be shared outside the class in any form. Violation of this restriction could lead to Student Misconduct proceedings. Land Acknowledgment I would like to acknowledge that we are meeting on the Indigenous lands of Turtle Island, the ancestral name for what now is called North America. Moreover, I would like to acknowledge the Alabama-Coushatta, Caddo, Carrizo/Comecrudo, Coahuiltecan, Comanche, Kickapoo, Lipan Apache, Tonkawa and Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo, and all the American Indian and Indigenous Peoples and communities who have been or have become a part of these lands and territories in Texas.
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