Traditional food in Britain - Bridge
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
{food} www
Traditional food Nigel Haward
(Great Britain)
in Britain
People in the UK usually have breakfast,
lunch and dinner at home. All our meals are
less formal than years ago. Most families try
to have at least one meal a day together, but
today members of a busy family may all eat
at different times. Snacking is very popular,
as is eating meals in front of the television.
The English national meals, fish and chips Roast meat (pork,
and roast dinners, are also the traditional beef, lamb) is usually
ones. The stereotype is fish and chips served with boiled or
A full English cooked breakfast is a hot dish of fried bacon, sausage,
served as a take-away meal wrapped in roast potatoes, peas, egg, tomatoes and sometimes mushrooms. It is usually served with
newspaper. However, wrapping food in Brussels sprouts, a cup of tea or coffee. However, today people prefer a light breakfast
newspaper is now banned under EU carrots, Yorkshire consisting of cereals or porridge and toasts and marmalade.
hygiene regulations. Fish and chips is pudding and, of course,
a balanced meal of carbohydrate (chips), gravy. Gravy is made by taking the fat and drinks, chips and ‘turkey twizzlers’ was
protein (fish), and fats (in the batter around juices from the cooked roast meat and run by the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver
the fish and in vegetable oils). Sprinkled mixing them with flour and vegetable and has gone from a television programme
with lots of salt and vinegar, and red or stock and perhaps some gravy browning. to government policy.
brown sauce, it lacks dietary fibre and This is mixed together into a liquid, Obesity in children is, however,
some vitamins so it is not recommended brought slowly to the boil, seasoned increasing and the nation is in denial
that you eat it every day. and then poured over the meat. It is quite about the problem. Where else can you go
unlike any omáčka you will have tasted. and hear a very overweight person order
In England, roast beef is one of the meals Yorkshire puddings are also made with for themselves “A TRIPLE burger, LARGE
traditionally served at Sunday dinner. flour and fat and are like hollow crispy fries, a DOUBLE chocolate ice cream…
buns. and a diet coke”?
Tikka masala is said to be the nation’s
most eaten meal today. Chicken tikka Read about various types of restaurants in the UK
masala, one of the most popular Indian and about Irish cooking at: www.bridge-online.cz
dishes in the world, is covered with a (section: přístup žáci, nezveřejněné články).
tomato gravy with cream or coconut cream
and various spices. “Waiter, waiter,
Fast food burgers and sugary drinks are
I’d like to pay…”
causing havoc with the health of young
On special occasions people may go
people. A recent campaign to improve out to dinner or supper to a restaurant
food in schools and ban the dreaded fizzy or a pub. Depending on the type of
restaurant, you can expect different
levels of service.
Restaurants curiosities Some smaller food outlets do not
allow payment by credit card. Always
Increasingly, restaurants in Britain check you have enough cash.
are non-smoking. From next summer, In expensive restaurants, there
all food outlets will be non-smoking, can be a service charge included
including pubs. in the bill. Tipping added to the
bill tends to be only in posher
Wine in restaurants is very expensive. restaurants, but a tip is expected
House wine is generally cheaper than whenever you are served at the table.
from a named bottle. Some restaurants Sometimes there will be a bowl for
are following the Australian style and any loose change next to the till.
say B.Y.O. (bring your own). This will go to the waiter or waitress.
Despite what you read in phrase
If you ask for water, it will be straight books, we hardly use the term waiter
from the tap unless you say mineral or waitress when we need something.
water. Tap water is safe to drink A hand gesture or catching their eye
everywhere in the UK and you should is sufficient. Shouting across the
not be charged for it. room ‘Waiter!’ would make you look
like a right idiot.
26 Bridge 06/2006–2007
{food}
American eating habits
Patrick Phillips (USA)
For many people American
food means only one thing
– McDonald’s. But American
food is more than fast
food. It is the ethnic food
A take-away is when you order the food and
then take it away to eat either in the car, that was brought to the
the park or at home. Chinese and Indian US by immigrants, such
take‑aways are very popular. Take‑aways
do not have to be cheap, and some are very as Italians, Mexicans, and
expensive. Greeks. And since almost
everyone in the US is from
Y Vocabulary somewhere else, there is a
to snack [sn&k] - dát si něco malého, lehké jídlo lot of food to choose from!
banned under EU hygiene regulations
["haIdZi:n rEgjU"leIS(@)nz] - zakázány podle
hygienických předpisů EU
batter ["b&t@] - těstíčko Breakfast and lunch are usually eaten on
to sprinkle with ["sprINk(@)l] - posypat, pokapat the run. People have yogurt or a pastry
vinegar ["vInIg@] - ocet in the morning and then fast food at lunch.
lacks dietary fibre ["faIb@] - postrádá zdravou vlákninu
lamb [l&m] - skopové (maso) The evening is when Americans have And yes, there are hamburgers. But
Brussels sprouts ["brVs(@)lz spraUts] more time to spend on eating, and that is a proper hamburger is not what you
- růžičková kapusta when the biggest meal of the day is usually find at McDonald’s. The meat on a real
juice [dZu:s] - šťáva
flour ["flaU@] - mouka
eaten. At home, the evening meal typically hamburger must be at least 2.5 cm thick,
vegetable stock - zeleninový vývar has some kind of meat, a vegetable, and and be served on a thick, soft homemade
is... brought slowly to the boil [bOIl] bread. But Americans work long hours, bun. From there you can have what you
- pomalu se to přivede k varu so often they are too tired to cook, and want on it, such as cheese, onions, and
to season ["si:z(@)n] - okořenit
hollow crispy buns ["hQl@U "krIspi bVnz] bring home Chinese food or have a pizza ketchup. And if you don’t want French fries,
- duté křupavé bochánky delivered instead. you can have onion rings - slices of onion
cream [kri:m] - smetana Americans love to eat out. Restaurants battered and fried to a golden brown.
are causing havoc with ["h&v@k]
- znamenají pohromu pro have friendly waiters and serve large So next time you think of American
dreaded fizzy [drEdId "fIzi] - obávané perlivé portions at affordable prices. Italian food, don’t just think of McDonald’s, think
was run by the celebrity chef [sI"lEbrIti Sef] - byla food is very popular. Pizza is served with of the world. American food comes from
vedena známým kuchařem a choice of three different crusts - thin, almost every country on Earth, and it
is in denial about [dI"naI(@)l] - zavírá oči před
overweight person [@Uv@"weIt] - člověk s nadváhou medium, or thick, and for toppings you tastes great!
house wine - rozlévané víno can get anything you want, including
straight from the tap [t&p] - přímo z kohoutku
levels of service ["lEv(@)lz "s@:vIs] - úroveň služeb
double cheese or even tuna fish.
Mexican food is also common. When
Y Vocabulary
outlet [aUtlIt] - provozovna
there can be a service charge included in the bill you first sit down in the restaurant, on the run - v poklusu (rychle)
[tSA:dZ] - může být v ceně zahrnut poplatek za služby the waiter brings you a bowl of tortilla pastry ["peIstri] - sladké pečivo
tipping, tip ["tIpIN] - spropitné affordable [@"fO:d@b(@)l] - dostupný, příznivý
[tor‑tee‑ya] chips and salsa, free of crust [krVst] - kůrka (zde: těsto na pizzu)
posh [pQS] - nóbl, snobský charge. A typical Mexican meal is burrito,
loose change [lu:s] - drobné topping ["tQpIN] - náplň (to, co se dává na pizzu)
till [tIl] - pokladna a big tortilla stuffed with cheese and tuna fish ["tju:n@ fiS] - tuňák
is sufficient [s@"fIS(@)nt] - stačí your choice of meat filling. You also get to stuff [stVf] - naplnit (nádivkou)
poultry ["p@Ultri] - drůbež filling ["fIlIN] - náplň
Mexican rice and beans with it. Yummy! bean [bi:n] - fazole
Û Glossary
bun [bVn] - bochánek, žemle
from there - k tomu navíc
battered - obalené v těstíčku
gravy browning - a liquid made of caramelised sugar foundation [faUn"deIS(@)n] - základ
which cooks add to gravy to darken the colour and make to dip - namočit
it look more appetising
coconut cream - a creamy white liquid obtained from
compressing fresh coconut
Û Glossary
turkey twizzlers - cheap and mass produced frozen tortilla - round flat Mexican bread that comes in two
shaped spirals of poultry meat with added fat, skin, types, flour (made with white flour) and corn (made with
and chemical flavourings that were given to children as corn flour); tortillas are the foundation of almost every
a quick lunch usually with chips; they have become the Mexican dish
most hated example of bad school food and have been tortilla chips - tortillas that have been cut into triangles
removed from menus by the government
ú
and deep fried; they are usually dipped in some kind
of salsa
British versus
American English salsa - a spicy Mexican sauce made from tomatoes,
chillies, onions and spices; it is on the table in every
take-away (BrE) - to-go (AmE) Mexican restaurant and is used to add extra spice to
bill (BrE) - check (AmE) Burrito, the name of a tasty Mexican meal, already prepared meals
literally means “little donkey” in Spanish.
Bridge 06/2006–2007 27
{food}
Canadian Jeff Gulley,
Gerald Taylor
(Canada)
it clearly distinguishes
Canadians from Americans.
As the name suggests,
One name that all Canadians
know and love (and visit
regularly!) is Tim Hortons, the
specialties
French Canadian Pea national coffee, doughnut, and
Soup is from Quebec. It is sandwich chain. I miss you,
basically a thick yellow pea Tim Hortons!
soup with bits of pork in it.
Newfoundland Pea Soup Y Vocabulary
is very similar, but usually
includes more vegetables, are all common sight ["kQm@n]
- jsou běžně k vidění
such as diced turnips and diet ["daI@t] - jídelníček
carrots, and is often topped square [skwE:] - pořádný
with small dumplings. In to skip [skIp] - vynechat
snack [sn&k] - něco malého
some variations, a little garlic, k zakousnutí
leeks, other vegetables or smothered with ["smVD@d]
a ham bone are added for - zalité, ponořené do
flavour. Many Canadians to distinguish [dI"stINgwIS] - odlišit
thick [Tik] - hustý
like to treat themselves to pea soup [pi: su:p] - hrachová polévka
a smoked salmon steak, pork - vepřové
fished from the coastal waters diced [daIst] - nakrájený na kostičky
turnip ["t@:nIp] - tuřín
of British Columbia. small dumpling ["dVmplIN] -
Maple syrup is also a truly knedlíček
Canadian dietary tradition; it garlic ["gA:lIk] - česnek
is a sugary sauce made from leek [li:k] - pórek
ham bone [h&m b@Un]
Maple syrup has a wide variety of uses: it can be eaten with pancakes the sap of maple trees, and - šunka od kosti
or waffles, poured over ice-cream, used as an ingredient in baking, and usually eaten with flapjacks to treat oneself to (sth.) - dopřát si
also added as a sweetener to tea or coffee. (pancakes) or ice cream. From (něco)
smoked salmon steak [sm@Ukt
Nanaimo, British Columbia, "s&m@n steIk] - filé z uzeného
Canada, unlike most nations, doesn’t really we have one of the sweetest lososa
have a traditional cuisine. As a nation of mostly candies in existence. Nanaimo pancake ["p&nkeIk] - palačinka
immigrants from all over the world, Canada has dual layer ["dju:@ "leI@] - dvojvrstvý
Bar is a dual layer, almond ["A:m@nd] - mandle
adopted the cuisines of its immigrant population. chocolate‑based candy with chain [tSeIn] - řetězec (obchodů)
Thai, Greek, Italian, French, Indian, and many coconut, almond and graham.
other ethnic restaurants are all common sights.
Even all of the smaller towns tend to have at least
one Chinese restaurant, and one English fish‑
and‑chips-style pub. Eating in Australia
As far as eating habits are
concerned, Canadians have
Despite all this, there are
definitely some aspects and New Zealand
adopted a very American-like of dining in Canada that Michael Gibbs (Australia)
diet. Breakfast, lunch, and are truly and uniquely
dinner are the “three square Canadian. Poutine is a Like people everywhere, Australians and
meals a day” that we live by. French‑Canadian snack New Zealanders love food. We have the same
Dinner (usually a meat dish consisting of French fries eating habits; breakfast is normally cereal,
with vegetables and potatoes) smothered with cheese fruit or toast, lunch is something small such as
is the biggest and most and hot gravy. Apparently, a sandwich, and tea or dinner is the biggest meal
important meal of the day, and Canadians are the only of the day. People still like to eat the traditional
it is not unusual for people to people who put gravy on meals such as roast beef or chocolate pudding,
skip either breakfast or lunch. their fries and in restaurants but now there are more choices.
Australia has a lot of cattle These days, many New
Poutine, the dish that originated in rural Québec in Canada in the late
1950s, is now popular all over the country. There are many variations of and sheep, so beef and lamb Zealanders enjoy eating Pipis
poutine. A common variation, Italian poutine, is eaten with spaghetti sauce are very popular. A typical and Toheora - both New
instead of gravy while another popular variation includes sausage slices. meal that is served everywhere Zealand shellfish. In Australia
is a thick beef steak with green there is the yabby, a big crab
salad and chips. Seafood is that lives in rivers. Children go
also very popular, especially yabbying, which is fishing for
mussels and prawns. Some yabbies with a stick and piece
people go down to the coast of meat tied on a string.
and collect mussels from the In both countries, there is
rock pools in the sea. nothing better to eat on a cold
Flake, the flesh of small day than a hot meat pie with
shark, has a mild flavour and tomato sauce (not ketchup).
a clean white appearance. However, throughout the
Thanks to its low price it whole year people like to have
became the most common barbeques or barbies. There
type of fish to be served in are barbie sites everywhere by
Australian fish and chip shops. the beaches and in parks, and
28 Bridge 06/2006–2007
{food}
Czech cuisine Patrick Phillips (USA)
A steak is a slice of a larger piece of meat, usually beef that is grilled or People usually have řízek with potatoes or potato salad but in some
fried. It depends on personal preference how much the meat is cooked: national cuisines it is served also with dumplings and cabbage.
rare – the meat has been cooked for a short time and is mostly red;
medium – the meat inside is pink, the outside is grey-brown; well done Though the Czech Republic pork or chicken schnitzel. If it
– the meat is cooked thoroughly and sometimes the juiciness is reduced,
and the meat may seem dry. is known mainly for its is veal, then it is either simply
architecture and beer, it is schnitzel (or wiener schnitzel)
in the backyards of peoples’ also the home to some very or breaded veal cutlet.
homes. On a hot summer Y Vocabulary tasty food. For Czechs it Probably the most
evening, people like to get is customary to eat a light significant difference between
cereal ["sI@rI@l] - obiloviny (kukuřičné
together with family and friends meal in the morning and Czechs and the rest of the
lupínky, ovesné vločky apod.)
and grill sausages, steak, roast beef [r@Ust bi:f] - rostbíf, evening, and the biggest world is beer. The Czech
even octopus together with hovězí pečeně meal at lunch. A typical Republic is number one in
bread and salad, and talk. mussel ["mVs(@)l] - slávka (škeble) breakfast consists of beer consumption, averaging
Sometimes Christmas dinner is prawn [prO:n] - garnát, kreveta yogurt, bread, and perhaps a half liter a day for every man,
rock pools - tůňky (na skalnatém
a BBQ on the beach. mořském pobřeží) some salami or cheese. woman and child. In Czech
Many Australians and New shellfish ["SElfIS] - měkkýš, korýš Supper is often a cold plate restaurants, the cheapest drink
Zealanders have a sweet tied on a string [taId strIN] of ham, cheese and bread. on the menu is beer. This is
tooth - they like to eat - přivázaným na vlasci All nations have their pub unheard of in other countries,
meat pie [paI] - piroh s masem
desserts and cakes. There are food, and the Czechs are no and illegal in some (such as
sausage ["sQsIdZ] - párek, salám,
special Australian and N.Z. klobása exception. Typical fare would Germany). For Czechs, beer is
recipes for desserts and cakes. octopus ["Qkt@p@s] - chobotnice be pickled sausage with liquid bread, and besides, it is
The Lamington, a square to have a sweet tooth [swi:t tu:T] - onions, and pickled cheese great with Czech cuisine!
cake covered in chocolate and potrpět si na sladké with peppers. For something
golden syrup ["g@Uld(@)n "sIr@p] -
coconut, or the Anzac Biscuit sirup, melasa more substantial, there are
made from golden syrup and many great choices. When
Y Vocabulary
oats [@Uts] - oves
oats are perfect with a cup of rich [rItS] - vydatný, hutný you are talking about svíčková,
tea or coffee. delicious [dI"lIS@s]- vynikající it becomes magic. This meal
customary ["kVst@m(@)ri] - obvyklý
The Pavlova is a very rich is a combination of pieces of
dessert that Australia and New Û Glossary tenderloin covered in a sweet
cold plate - studený (obložený) talíř
fare [fE:] - jídlo, pokrm
Zealand disagree on – we both creamy sauce, and served pickled sausage ["pIk(@)ld "sQsIdZ]
claim to have made it first. BBQ – an abbreviation for barbeque with sour cream on a slice of - naložený buřt (“utopenec”)
But at least we agree that it is lemon, cranberry sauce and pepper ["pEp@] - paprika
substantial [s@b"st&nS(@)l] - vydatný
delicious! dumplings. tenderloin ["tEnd@lOIn] - svíčková
Goulash, the Czech version (maso)
Û Food glossary of the Hungarian dish, features
equal portions of beef and
sour cream [saU@ kri:m] - zakysaná
smetana
food - anything that people or animals eat dinner - a word used to mean the main slice [slaIs] - řez, krajíček
onions cooked with spices and
that gives us energy or nutrients; it can meal of the day (we talk about dinner time cranberry sauce ["kr&nb(@)ri sO:s] -
include liquids such as milk. (e.g. There even at midday); dinner in the evening served with dumplings. brusinková omáčka
was a lot of food and drink at the wedding often means a formal occasion, dinner Roasted pork is the dumpling ["dVmplIN] - knedlík
party. I bought some cat food in the shop.) party, etc. national dish. Pork, roasted features equal portions ["fi:tS@z
meal - various foods that have been supper - an alternative word for an eve- to perfection, is served with "i:kw(@)l "pO:S(@)nz] - obsahuje
prepared and put together according to a ning meal; usually smaller and less formal stejné množství
recipe and eaten at one time (e.g. I always tea - not just the drink tea; it is a very
sauerkraut and dumplings. sauerkraut ["saU@kraUt] - kysané zelí
eat my main meal at noon. We’ll go to small meal of cake or biscuits eaten in the Řízek is a meal which is breaded and fried [brEdId] - obalený
have a meal in the new fancy restaurant afternoon with a cup of tea; it can also be difficult to translate but easy ve strouhance a osmažený
one day.) a large meal (lighter than dinner) that is to eat. Traditionally, řízek veal [vi:l] - telecí
dish - a particular item of prepared meal eaten early in the evening in some parts of significant [sIg"nIfIk(@)nt] - výrazný
(e.g. My mother prepared my favourite Britain and Australia is breaded and fried pork.
consumption [k@n"sVm(p)S(@)n] -
dish for dinner. The meal consisted of cuisine - a style of cooking, often chara- But the meat doesn’t have konzumace
several dishes.) cteristic of a particular country or region to be pork. Chicken is quite averaging ["&v(@)rIdZIN] - která je
side dish - a small amount of food, such (e.g. I love French cuisine.) common, and it can also be v průměru
as salad, that goes with the main course diner (AmE) - a small restaurant this is unheard of [Vn"h@:d]
veal. If the meat is pork or
of a meal - to je neslýchaná věc
chicken, then it is called either
Bridge 06/2006–2007 29
You can also read
